CN107258142A - A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower - Google Patents
A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258142A CN107258142A CN201710611356.2A CN201710611356A CN107258142A CN 107258142 A CN107258142 A CN 107258142A CN 201710611356 A CN201710611356 A CN 201710611356A CN 107258142 A CN107258142 A CN 107258142A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is related to agricultural cultivation technical field, comprises the following steps：（1）, selection of land；（2）, site preparation；（3）, corn nursery；（4）, sunflower nursery；（5）, transplant planting；（6）, field management；（7）, harvesting.The present invention realizes mutual supplement with each other's advantages using interplanting mode, while improving corn and the Yield and quality of sunflower, implantation methods are scientific and reasonable, can effectively reduce cost, increase economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation technical field, and in particular to a kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower.
Background technology
Corn is the important crops of China and food, and corn nourishment enriches, and contained " multipotential nutrition " is adapted to each year
The crowd of age section eats, and its abundant Glutamatergic promotes brain development, is that children are best " intelligence development food "；Contained vitamin
B races can adjust nerve, be to be adapted to white collar " decompression food "；It is the linoleic acid that is rich in, calcareous, it can help to adjust fat, decompression, high microsteping
Content then makes corn turn into good " postcibal diarrhea food ", the middle age can be prevented to put on weight；In addition, the glutathione being rich in corn is most
Effective anticancer component, its contained abundant vitamin E can also help anti-aging, soften blood vessel.
Sunflower cries sunflower in the most areas of China, from America, is gradually transformed by ornamental plant after Europe is introduced
Into oil crops.The existing medical value of sunflower has edibility again, and can be divided into edible sunflower, oil according to type and purposes uses
Sunflower and ornamental sunflower.
In the prior art, the cropping pattern of sunflower and corn is single, and yield and quality be not good.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, realize that advantage is mutual using interplanting mode
Mend, while improving corn and the Yield and quality of sunflower, implantation methods are scientific and reasonable, can effectively reduce cost, improve economic effect
Benefit.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The fertile, soil layer of selection is deep, loose, well-drained sand is used as planting site；
（2）, site preparation
The root stubble of preceding crop is removed in time, 35 ~ 40cm is turned over, removes the weeds in planting site and rubble, makes that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil
Earth is soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure, and 25 ~ 30cm is turned in exposure 4 ~ 5 days again, with reference to turning over every mu of application 60 ~ 70kg base
Fertilizer；
（3）, corn nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：Select full seed, it is in the same size, without wound and the complete corn seed of bud embryo, sow preceding 2 ~ 3 days use
Corn seed is put into seed-coating machine by 2 ~ 3% sodium bicarbonate solution soaking corn seed, taking-up after draining, and uses corn coating agent
To seed pelleting processing, uniform film is formed in corn seed outer layer, after preparation sowing after film hardening；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare corn seedbed and cover Nutrition Soil, seeding and seedling raising is carried out at the beginning of 2 months, nocturnal temperature control is 15 ~ 19
DEG C, day temperature control is 27 ~ 30 DEG C, and corn seedling is obtained after emerging, and prepares to transplant；
（4）, sunflower nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：The sunflower seeds for selecting full grains, seed complete, dry 1~2d of processing, are sprayed after drying
0.1 ~ 0.2% carbendazim is sprayed, and 5 ~ 10s of immersion in seed-soaking liquid is put into after 5 ~ 10min, is pulled out rear standby；
Vernalization：Sunflower seeds are wrapped in wet gauze, vernalization in incubator is placed in, 3 ~ 5 seeds are stirred daily and are changed
Gas, after 2 ~ 4 days, after 85% seed germination, prepares sowing；
Seeding and seedling raising：Preparation sunflower seedbed, first in fine earth thick seedbed bottom 1 ~ 2cm of place mat before sowing, then fills out 1 ~ 2cm thickness
Nutrition Soil, spray saturating Seeding bed with water, uniform broadcasting seed covers one layer of straw, Sunflower Seedlings are obtained after emerging, prepares
Transplant；
（5）, transplant planting
The ridging in planting site, by step（4）Obtained Sunflower Seedlings are colonized in planting site along edge, and it is 33 to control spacing in the rows
~36cm；By step（3）Obtained corn seedling is transplanted into planting site center so that Sunflower Seedlings surround corn seedling, control
Spacing in the rows is 30 ~ 35cm, and line-spacing is 35 ~ 40cm；Poured after transplanting permeable；
（6）, field management
Irrigate, earth up in time after field planting, weeding, an organic fertilizer is imposed within every 20 ~ 30 days, using putting honeybee supple-mentary pollination and artificial auxiliary
Help pollination；
（7）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（2）In base manure include following part count raw material：19 ~ 21 parts of plant ash, 15 ~ 20 parts of biogas residue,
1 ~ 3 part of 15 ~ 20 parts of perlite, 10 ~ 15 parts of urea, 5 ~ 10 parts of corter pseudolaricis, 1 ~ 3 part of Kadsura Root-bark and granatum.
Wherein, the step（3）In corn coating agent include following part count raw material：29 ~ 31 parts of plant ash, nanometer selenium
35 ~ 40 parts of 24 ~ 26 parts of pulvis, 12 ~ 15 parts of sodium selenite, 9 ~ 11 parts of zinc sulfate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, institute is produced
State coating agent.
Wherein, the step（3）And step（4）In Nutrition Soil include following part count raw material：It is 55 ~ 65 parts of garden mould, swollen
4 ~ 5 parts of swollen 19 ~ 21 parts of perlite, 14 ~ 16 parts of pine needle meal, 9 ~ 11 parts of vinasse, 9 ~ 11 parts of bagasse, 4 ~ 6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis and sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）Seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：9 ~ 11 parts of chitosan, 9 ~ 11 parts of gibberellin,
54 ~ 56 parts of 4 ~ 6 parts of bamboo vinegar, 2 ~ 3 parts of grape juice, 1 ~ 2 part of taurine and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include the processing that adds lustre in field management：After floral disc of sunflower is formed, positioned at kind
Plant and cover reflective membrane on the northern and western floral disc of sunflower in ground, area coverage accounts for the 20 ~ 35% of floral disc area.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in corn boot stage in ten days or heading stage is put into young bird in planting site
Goose, and enclosed outside planting site and set fence, breeding density is 15 ~ 35 every mu, and feed is fed daily, and feed consumption is every 80
~ 90g, reclaims goose in corn milk stage or dough stage.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes pest control：Syrup basin, installation black light are put in field and lures worm
Lamp or frequency vibration trap lamp.
Wherein, the step（6）In organic fertilizer include following part count raw material：29 ~ 31 parts of phosphoric acid dichloro potassium, urea 15
~ 20 parts, 10 ~ 12 parts of plant ash, 9 ~ 10 parts of cake fertilizer, 4 ~ 6 parts of tealeaf residue, 4 ~ 6 parts of bacteria residue, 1 ~ 3 part of sheep manure and micro- chemical combination
1 ~ 3 part of thing.
Wherein, the trace element compound is the mixture of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, borax and humic acid, the cake fertilizer
For any of soybean cake, rape cake and cottonseed cake for becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Mutual supplement with each other's advantages is realized using interplanting mode, while the yield of raising corn and sunflower,
Quality, implantation methods are scientific and reasonable, can effectively reduce cost, increase economic efficiency, specific as follows：
（1）, the present invention corn seed is soaked seed and Cotton seeds, serve suppression cell elongation, shortening internode and dwarfing
The effect of plant so that obtained seedling has that seedling is short, seedling thick, Miao Zhuan, well developed root system the features such as, enhance the resistance of corn
With it is resistant to lodging；After Cotton seeds, corn seed outer layer formation film can promote corn growth, reduce the incidence of disease of rough dwarf disease,
Smut of maize, leaf rust, subterranean pest-insect and the plague of rats can also be prevented simultaneously；
（2）, the present invention sunflower seeds are pre-processed, drying processing can enhance the activity of Interior Seed enzyme, raising
Germination percentage；Sprayed with carbendazim, the bulbil and mycelia of attachment the surface of the seed can be killed；Then soaked seed again with seed-soaking liquid, a side
Face, can improve germination percentage and disease and insect resistance, and on the other hand, plant weight, chlorophyll and the protein that can also increase seedling contain
Amount, so as to improve the yield of sunflower；
（3）, the present invention young goose is put into planting site, on the one hand, goose produce excrement can be used as corn and the fertilizer of sunflower
Material, promotes both growths, and on the other hand, the blade of corn and sunflower can provide place for gaggle, subtracted and individually taken
The cost of raising shed is built, has complementary advantages, realizes corn, sunflower and the ecologic breeding of gaggle；
（4）, the present invention using corn and sunflower interplanting by the way of, on northern and western part the floral disc of sunflower of planting site
Cover reflective membrane, using floral disc of sunflower towards the sun and concomitant rotation principle, when sunlight is radiated on the reflective membrane of floral disc
When, reflective membrane refracts to sunlight on plant so that plant can be by sufficient illumination；Realize and have complementary advantages,
Promote both common volume increase；
（5）, the present invention syrup basin is put in field, blacklight trap or frequency vibration trap lamp are installed, can effectively prevent and treat corn
With the pest and disease damage of sunflower, poisoning is reduced, drug risk is reduced, the influence to environment is reduced, also reduces drug cost and people
Work cost, obtained corn and floral disc of sunflower is safe and harmless.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and without
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The fertile, soil layer of selection is deep, loose, well-drained sand is used as planting site；
（2）, site preparation
The root stubble of preceding crop is removed in time, 35cm is turned over, removes the weeds in planting site and rubble, makes that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil
Soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure, exposure 4 days, and 25cm is turned over again, and 60kg base manure is applied with reference to turning over every mu；
（3）, corn nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：Select full seed, it is in the same size, without wound and the complete corn seed of bud embryo, sowing use 2% within first 2 days
Sodium bicarbonate solution soaking corn seed, taking-up drain after corn seed is put into seed-coating machine, with corn coating agent to plant
Sub- Cotton seeds, uniform film is formed in corn seed outer layer, after preparation sowing after film hardening；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare corn seedbed and cover Nutrition Soil, seeding and seedling raising is carried out at the beginning of 2 months, nocturnal temperature control is 15 DEG C, in vain
Its temperature control is 27 DEG C, and corn seedling is obtained after emerging, and prepares to transplant；
（4）, sunflower nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：The sunflower seeds for selecting full grains, seed complete, dry processing 1d, 0.1 % are sprayed after drying
Carbendazim is sprayed, and is put into after 5min in seed-soaking liquid and is soaked 5s, pulled out rear standby；
Vernalization：Sunflower seeds are wrapped in wet gauze, vernalization in incubator is placed in, 3 seeds are stirred daily and are taken a breath,
After 2 days, after 85% seed germination, prepare sowing；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare sunflower seedbed, first in fine earth thick seedbed bottom place mat 1cm before sowing, then fill out the thick battalion of 1cm
Soil is supported, saturating Seeding bed is sprayed with water, uniform broadcasting seed covers one layer of straw, Sunflower Seedlings are obtained after emerging, and prepares to move
Plant；
（5）, transplant planting
The ridging in planting site, by step（4）Obtained Sunflower Seedlings are colonized in planting site along edge, control the spacing in the rows to be
33cm；By step（3）Obtained corn seedling is transplanted into planting site center so that Sunflower Seedlings surround corn seedling, control
Spacing in the rows is 30cm, and line-spacing is 35cm；Poured after transplanting permeable；
（6）, field management
Irrigate, earth up in time after field planting, weeding, an organic fertilizer is imposed within every 20 days, using putting honeybee supple-mentary pollination and human assistance
Pollination；
（7）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（2）In base manure include following part count raw material：19 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of biogas residue, perlite
1 part of 15 parts, 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of corter pseudolaricis, 1 part of Kadsura Root-bark and granatum.
Wherein, the step（3）In corn coating agent include following part count raw material：Plant ash 29 part, nanometer selenium powder
35 parts of 24 parts of agent, 12 parts of sodium selenite, 9 parts of zinc sulfate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, the coating agent is produced.
Wherein, the step（3）And step（4）In Nutrition Soil include following part count raw material：55 parts of garden mould, expansion are precious
4 parts of 19 parts of pearl rock, 14 parts of pine needle meal, 9 parts of vinasse, 9 parts of bagasse, 4 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis and sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）Seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：9 parts of chitosan, 9 parts of gibberellin, bamboo vinegar
54 parts of 4 parts, 2 parts of grape juice, 1 part of taurine and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include the processing that adds lustre in field management：After floral disc of sunflower is formed, positioned at kind
Plant and cover reflective membrane on the northern and western floral disc of sunflower in ground, area coverage accounts for the 20% of floral disc area.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in corn heading stage in ten days and is put into young goose in planting site, and is planting
Plant to enclose outside ground and set fence, breeding density is 15 every mu, feed is fed daily, feed consumption is every 80g, in corn wax ripeness
Phase reclaims goose.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes pest control：Syrup basin, installation black light are put in field and lures worm
Lamp.
Wherein, the step（6）In organic fertilizer include following part count raw material：29 parts of phosphoric acid dichloro potassium, 15 parts of urea,
1 part of 10 parts of plant ash, 9 parts of cake fertilizer, 4 parts of tealeaf residue, 4 parts of bacteria residue, 1 part of sheep manure and trace element compound.
Wherein, the trace element compound is the mixture of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, borax and humic acid, the cake fertilizer
For the soybean cake become thoroughly decomposed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The fertile, soil layer of selection is deep, loose, well-drained sand is used as planting site；
（2）, site preparation
The root stubble of preceding crop is removed in time, 40cm is turned over, removes the weeds in planting site and rubble, makes that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil
Soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure, exposure 5 days, and 30cm is turned over again, and 70kg base manure is applied with reference to turning over every mu；
（3）, corn nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：Select full seed, it is in the same size, without wound and the complete corn seed of bud embryo, sowing use 3% within first 3 days
Sodium bicarbonate solution soaking corn seed, taking-up drain after corn seed is put into seed-coating machine, with corn coating agent to plant
Sub- Cotton seeds, uniform film is formed in corn seed outer layer, after preparation sowing after film hardening；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare corn seedbed and cover Nutrition Soil, seeding and seedling raising is carried out at the beginning of 2 months, nocturnal temperature control is 19 DEG C, in vain
Its temperature control is 30 DEG C, and corn seedling is obtained after emerging, and prepares to transplant；
（4）, sunflower nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：The sunflower seeds for selecting full grains, seed complete, dry processing 2d, 0.2% are sprayed after drying
Carbendazim is sprayed, and 5 ~ 10s of immersion in seed-soaking liquid is put into after 10min, is pulled out rear standby；
Vernalization：Sunflower seeds are wrapped in wet gauze, vernalization in incubator is placed in, 5 seeds are stirred daily and are taken a breath,
After 4 days, after 85% seed germination, prepare sowing；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare sunflower seedbed, first in fine earth thick seedbed bottom place mat 2cm before sowing, then fill out the thick battalion of 2cm
Soil is supported, saturating Seeding bed is sprayed with water, uniform broadcasting seed covers one layer of straw, Sunflower Seedlings are obtained after emerging, and prepares to move
Plant；
（5）, transplant planting
The ridging in planting site, by step（4）Obtained Sunflower Seedlings are colonized in planting site along edge, control the spacing in the rows to be
36cm；By step（3）Obtained corn seedling is transplanted into planting site center so that Sunflower Seedlings surround corn seedling, control
Spacing in the rows is 35cm, and line-spacing is 40cm；Poured after transplanting permeable；
（6）, field management
Irrigate, earth up in time after field planting, weeding, an organic fertilizer is imposed within every 30 days, using putting honeybee supple-mentary pollination and human assistance
Pollination；
（7）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（2）In base manure include following part count raw material：21 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of biogas residue, perlite
3 parts of 20 parts, 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of corter pseudolaricis, 3 parts of Kadsura Root-bark and granatum.
Wherein, the step（3）In corn coating agent include following part count raw material：Plant ash 31 part, nanometer selenium powder
40 parts of 26 parts of agent, 15 parts of sodium selenite, 11 parts of zinc sulfate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, the coating agent is produced.
Wherein, the step（3）And step（4）In Nutrition Soil include following part count raw material：65 parts of garden mould, expansion are precious
5 parts of 21 parts of pearl rock, 16 parts of pine needle meal, 11 parts of vinasse, 11 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis and sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）Seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：11 parts of chitosan, 11 parts of gibberellin, bamboo vinegar
56 parts of 6 parts of liquid, 3 parts of grape juice, 2 parts of taurine and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include the processing that adds lustre in field management：After floral disc of sunflower is formed, positioned at kind
Plant and cover reflective membrane on the northern and western floral disc of sunflower in ground, area coverage accounts for the 35% of floral disc area.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in corn boot stage in ten days and is put into young goose in planting site, and is planting
Plant to enclose outside ground and set fence, breeding density is 35 every mu, feed is fed daily, feed consumption is every 90g, in corn milking maturity
Phase reclaims goose.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes pest control：Syrup basin is put in field, the trap lamp that shakes is installed.
Wherein, the step（6）In organic fertilizer include following part count raw material：31 parts of phosphoric acid dichloro potassium, 20 parts of urea,
3 parts of 12 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of cake fertilizer, 6 parts of tealeaf residue, 6 parts of bacteria residue, 3 parts of sheep manure and trace element compound.
Wherein, the trace element compound is the mixture of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, borax and humic acid, the cake fertilizer
For the rape cake become thoroughly decomposed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The fertile, soil layer of selection is deep, loose, well-drained sand is used as planting site；
（2）, site preparation
The root stubble of preceding crop is removed in time, 37cm is turned over, removes the weeds in planting site and rubble, makes that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil
Soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure, exposure 5 days, and 27cm is turned over again, and 65kg base manure is applied with reference to turning over every mu；
（3）, corn nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：Select full seed, it is in the same size, without wound and the complete corn seed of bud embryo, sowing use 3% within first 2 days
Sodium bicarbonate solution soaking corn seed, taking-up drain after corn seed is put into seed-coating machine, with corn coating agent to plant
Sub- Cotton seeds, uniform film is formed in corn seed outer layer, after preparation sowing after film hardening；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare corn seedbed and cover Nutrition Soil, seeding and seedling raising is carried out at the beginning of 2 months, nocturnal temperature control is 16 DEG C, in vain
Its temperature control is 28 DEG C, and corn seedling is obtained after emerging, and prepares to transplant；
（4）, sunflower nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：The sunflower seeds for selecting full grains, seed complete, dry processing 2d, 0.2% are sprayed after drying
Carbendazim is sprayed, and is put into after 7min in seed-soaking liquid and is soaked 7s, pulled out rear standby；
Vernalization：Sunflower seeds are wrapped in wet gauze, vernalization in incubator is placed in, 4 seeds are stirred daily and are taken a breath,
After 3 days, after 85% seed germination, prepare sowing；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare sunflower seedbed, first in fine earth thick seedbed bottom place mat 2cm before sowing, then fill out the thick battalion of 1cm
Soil is supported, saturating Seeding bed is sprayed with water, uniform broadcasting seed covers one layer of straw, Sunflower Seedlings are obtained after emerging, and prepares to move
Plant；
（5）, transplant planting
The ridging in planting site, by step（4）Obtained Sunflower Seedlings are colonized in planting site along edge, control the spacing in the rows to be
35cm；By step（3）Obtained corn seedling is transplanted into planting site center so that Sunflower Seedlings surround corn seedling, control
Spacing in the rows is 32cm, and line-spacing is 37cm；Poured after transplanting permeable；
（6）, field management
Irrigate, earth up in time after field planting, weeding, an organic fertilizer is imposed within every 25 days, using putting honeybee supple-mentary pollination and human assistance
Pollination；
（7）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（2）In base manure include following part count raw material：20 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of biogas residue, perlite
2 parts of 17 parts, 13 parts of urea, 7 parts of corter pseudolaricis, 2 parts of Kadsura Root-bark and granatum.
Wherein, the step（3）In corn coating agent include following part count raw material：Plant ash 30 part, nanometer selenium powder
37 parts of 25 parts of agent, 13 parts of sodium selenite, zinc sulfate 10 and water, raw material are well mixed, and produce the coating agent.
Wherein, the step（3）And step（4）In Nutrition Soil include following part count raw material：60 parts of garden mould, expansion are precious
4.5 parts of 20 parts of pearl rock, 15 parts of pine needle meal, 10 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis and sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）Seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：10 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of gibberellin, bamboo vinegar
55 parts of 5 parts of liquid, 2.5 parts of grape juice, 1.5 parts of taurine and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include the processing that adds lustre in field management：After floral disc of sunflower is formed, positioned at kind
Plant and cover reflective membrane on the northern and western floral disc of sunflower in ground, area coverage accounts for the 30% of floral disc area.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in corn boot stage in ten days and is put into young goose in planting site, and is planting
Plant to enclose outside ground and set fence, breeding density is 25 every mu, feed is fed daily, feed consumption is every 85g, in corn milking maturity
Phase reclaims goose.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes pest control：Syrup basin, installation black light are put in field and lures worm
Lamp.
Wherein, the step（6）In organic fertilizer include following part count raw material：30 parts of phosphoric acid dichloro potassium, 17 parts of urea,
2 parts of 11 parts of plant ash, 9.5 parts of cake fertilizer, 5 parts of tealeaf residue, 5 parts of bacteria residue, 2 parts of sheep manure and trace element compound.
Wherein, the trace element compound is the mixture of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, borax and humic acid, the cake fertilizer
For the soybean cake become thoroughly decomposed.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of corn and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The fertile, soil layer of selection is deep, loose, well-drained sand is used as planting site；
（2）, site preparation
The root stubble of preceding crop is removed in time, 35 ~ 40cm is turned over, removes the weeds in planting site and rubble, makes that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil
Earth is soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure, and 25 ~ 30cm is turned in exposure 4 ~ 5 days again, with reference to turning over every mu of application 60 ~ 70kg base
Fertilizer；
（3）, corn nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：Select full seed, it is in the same size, without wound and the complete corn seed of bud embryo, sow preceding 2 ~ 3 days use
Corn seed is put into seed-coating machine by 2 ~ 3% sodium bicarbonate solution soaking corn seed, taking-up after draining, and uses corn coating agent
To seed pelleting processing, uniform film is formed in corn seed outer layer, after preparation sowing after film hardening；
Seeding and seedling raising：Prepare corn seedbed and cover Nutrition Soil, seeding and seedling raising is carried out at the beginning of 2 months, nocturnal temperature control is 15 ~ 19
DEG C, day temperature control is 27 ~ 30 DEG C, and corn seedling is obtained after emerging, and prepares to transplant；
（4）, sunflower nursery
Seed selection and pretreatment：The sunflower seeds for selecting full grains, seed complete, dry 1~2d of processing, are sprayed after drying
0.1 ~ 0.2% carbendazim is sprayed, and 5 ~ 10s of immersion in seed-soaking liquid is put into after 5 ~ 10min, is pulled out rear standby；
Vernalization：Sunflower seeds are wrapped in wet gauze, vernalization in incubator is placed in, 3 ~ 5 seeds are stirred daily and are changed
Gas, after 2 ~ 4 days, after 85% seed germination, prepares sowing；
Seeding and seedling raising：Preparation sunflower seedbed, first in fine earth thick seedbed bottom 1 ~ 2cm of place mat before sowing, then fills out 1 ~ 2cm thickness
Nutrition Soil, spray saturating Seeding bed with water, uniform broadcasting seed covers one layer of straw, Sunflower Seedlings are obtained after emerging, prepares
Transplant；
（5）, transplant planting
The ridging in planting site, by step（4）Obtained Sunflower Seedlings are colonized in planting site along edge, and it is 33 to control spacing in the rows
~36cm；By step（3）Obtained corn seedling is transplanted into planting site center so that Sunflower Seedlings surround corn seedling, control
Spacing in the rows is 30 ~ 35cm, and line-spacing is 35 ~ 40cm；Poured after transplanting permeable；
（6）, field management
Irrigate, earth up in time after field planting, weeding, an organic fertilizer is imposed within every 20 ~ 30 days, using putting honeybee supple-mentary pollination and artificial auxiliary
Help pollination；
（7）, harvesting.
2. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（2）In base
The raw material that fertilizer is counted including following part：19 ~ 21 parts of plant ash, 15 ~ 20 parts of biogas residue, 15 ~ 20 parts of perlite, 10 ~ 15 parts of urea, the native rose of Sharon
1 ~ 3 part of 5 ~ 10 parts of skin, 1 ~ 3 part of Kadsura Root-bark and granatum.
3. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（3）In jade
Rice coating agent includes the raw material that following part is counted：29 ~ 31 parts of plant ash, 24 ~ 26 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 12 ~ 15 parts of sodium selenite, sulphur
35 ~ 40 parts of 9 ~ 11 parts of sour zinc and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, the coating agent is produced.
4. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（3）And step
（4）In Nutrition Soil include following part count raw material：55 ~ 65 parts of garden mould, 19 ~ 21 parts of expanded perlite, 14 ~ 16 parts of pine needle meal,
4 ~ 5 parts of 9 ~ 11 parts of vinasse, 9 ~ 11 parts of bagasse, 4 ~ 6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis and sawdust.
5. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（4）Seed soaking
Liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：9 ~ 11 parts of chitosan, 9 ~ 11 parts of gibberellin, 4 ~ 6 parts of bamboo vinegar, 2 ~ 3 parts of grape juice, taurine
1 ~ 2 part and 54 ~ 56 parts of water.
6. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（6）Manage in field
Also include the processing that adds lustre in reason：After floral disc of sunflower is formed, positioned at the northern and western floral disc of sunflower overlying of planting site
Lid reflective membrane, area coverage accounts for the 20 ~ 35% of floral disc area.
7. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（6）Manage in field
Reason is additionally included in corn boot stage in ten days or heading stage is put into young goose in planting site, and is enclosed outside planting site and set fence, puts in a suitable place to breed
Density is 15 ~ 35 every mu, feeds feed daily, and feed consumption is every 80 ~ 90g, in corn milk stage or dough stage by goose
Reclaim.
8. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（6）Manage in field
Reason also includes pest control：Syrup basin is put in field, blacklight trap or frequency vibration trap lamp are installed.
9. corn according to claim 1 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the step（6）In have
The raw material that machine fertilizer is counted including following part：29 ~ 31 parts of phosphoric acid dichloro potassium, 15 ~ 20 parts of urea, 10 ~ 12 parts of plant ash, cake fertilizer 9 ~ 10
1 ~ 3 part of part, 4 ~ 6 parts of tealeaf residue, 4 ~ 6 parts of bacteria residue, 1 ~ 3 part of sheep manure and trace element compound.
10. corn according to claim 9 and the interplanting method of sunflower, it is characterised in that the micro- chemical combination
Thing is the mixture of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, borax and humic acid, and the cake fertilizer is the soybean cake, rape cake and cottonseed cake become thoroughly decomposed
Any of.
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Application publication date: 20171020 |