CN107242065A - A kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method - Google Patents

A kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107242065A
CN107242065A CN201710573535.1A CN201710573535A CN107242065A CN 107242065 A CN107242065 A CN 107242065A CN 201710573535 A CN201710573535 A CN 201710573535A CN 107242065 A CN107242065 A CN 107242065A
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leech
water
rice
paddy rice
cultivation
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CN107242065B (en
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熊良伟
王帅兵
王权
王建国
侯君
陶桂庆
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Jingjiang Ming Xing Leech Technology Co Ltd
Jiangsu Agri Animal Husbandry Vocational College
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Jingjiang Ming Xing Leech Technology Co Ltd
Jiangsu Agri Animal Husbandry Vocational College
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/40Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method, belong to aquatic products ecologic breeding field.The present invention is arranged in eurysome golden thread leech breeding water body plants paddy rice in rice cultivation basin, basin, the heavy aqueous plant of breeding water body surrounding plantation;Paddy rice and aqueous plant of sinking constantly absorb water body organic matter and residual bait, suppress breeding water body weeds and moss growth, attachment is provided for eurysome golden thread leech;Meanwhile, paddy rice keeps the sun off reduction water temperature, it's the megathermal period is conducive to past leech degree of safety.The present invention is improved leech growing environment using paddy rice and heavy aqueous plant, promotes eurysome golden thread leech to grow, realized that rice leech environmental health is cultivated, improve economy, the ecological benefits of cultivation using mutualism relation between heavy aqueous plant, paddy rice and leech.

Description

A kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to special aquatic products product ecologic breeding field, and in particular to a kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method.
Background technology
Eurysome golden thread leech is China's rare traditional Chinese medicine, propagates profit margin artificially big.Current, eurysome golden thread leech is manually supported It is mainly pond net box and pool cultivated two kinds of cement to grow pattern.In middle and lower reach of Yangtze River culture zone, hirudiniculture family is in annual April Front and rear rich water supports spiral shell, by the end of May front and rear leech seedling pond-inputting cultivation, and the same year September part starts draining and fishes for leech.Often occur in production following Problem:One is eurysome golden thread leech non-refractory, and cultivation water level is shallower, and annual August part megathermal period breeding water body water temperature is higher, expanded letter Gold thread leech is slow-growing or even large quantities of death;Two be the hardly possible control of breeding water body pasture and water, and particularly cage culture is for fixed case bottom profit Case is pressed with soil, cultivation middle and later periods wild pasture and water overgrowing, pasture and water fine day photosynthesis is strong, the change of the physical and chemical factor such as water body pH It hurry up, stress be big to leech;Three be that residual bait is more, substrate hardly possible control, eurysome golden thread leech main predation spiral shell living in water body is propagated artificially Silk, sucks brawniness near the tissue such as its internal organ, blood, screw operculum, and eurysome golden thread leech can not be sucked completely, remain screw meat Rot to ruin water quality in breeding water body, cause eurysome golden thread leech to cultivate later stage sediment nigrescence, stench, water quality deterioration is wide Body gold thread leech outbreak of disease.Number of patent application is " 201610871649X ", and patent name is " mixing of terraced fields leech rice shrimp is ecological A kind of ecological cultivation system is disclosed in the patent document of recirculation system and cultural method ", by by rice shrimp aquaculture field Set residue and excreta after hirudiniculture field, leech and lobster feed to be entered by changing water mode in rice field, feed water Rice provides organic fertilizer, while the animal residue after leech feed, which returns lobster, provides feed, lobster catches to various insects Killing prevents the pest disaster of paddy, it is to avoid the use of agricultural chemicals, saves paddy field cultivation cost, but in the ecological cultivation system leech With rice seed cultivation in different fields, rice inhibiting weed growth is not played and cooling effect of sheltering from heat or light in the megathermal period, simultaneously Paddy rice purification leech cultivation water effect is limited, and leech rice ecological effect can not give full play to, above-mentioned present in hirudiniculture to ask Topic can not be solved fully.
The content of the invention
It is real it is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art there is provided one kind can improve leech growing environment The zoology breeding method of existing rice leech environmental health cultivation.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cultivation prepares, and pond net box cultivation or cement are pool cultivated,
Wherein, pond net box is cultivated:The pond that selection one is put in order, makes net cage, is fixed on net cage with timber or bamboo stake In pond, the rice cultivation basin for filling with soil is evenly distributed on bottom, and surrounding is uniformly distributed hill or big in net cage Red tile pushes down bottom, after sterilization water inlet, and algae kind training water is drawn in fertilising in net cage, and is planted on hill or bright red tile Heavy aqueous plant, delivers into spiral shell,
Cement is pool cultivated:A cement pit is selected, cement pit has been cleared up, the rice cultivation basin for filling with soil is evenly distributed on pond Bottom, is sterilized after water inlet, and into cement pit, algae kind training water is drawn in fertilising, and in the heavy aqueous plant of surrounding plantation, delivers into spiral shell;
Step 2, Rice Cropping and leech seedling are put in a suitable place to breed:By shoot transplanting equipment into rice cultivation basin, eurysome golden thread leech seedling or development are delivered Ripe leech cocoon;
Step 3, feeding management,
Feedstuff feeding:The regular replenishment work screw into water body, gradually increases screw specification, weight during the cultivation middle and later periods uniformly delivers It is the large size screw of 0.5g-2.5g/ into breeding water body,
Water level regulation:Water level is gradually stepped up, megathermal period control water depth 80-110cm, the cultivation later stage depth of water is controlled in 50-80cm,
Disease prevention and cure:Every 20 days of early stage is cultivated with EM bacterium or lactic acid bacteria water transfer once, middle and later periods every water transfer in -15 days in 10 days once, And water is suitably changed according to water quality situation, sterilized when finding to have eurysome golden thread leech dead with the full pond of chlorine dioxide;
It is other:If cultivation early stage finds have moss growth to use prevention and control moss medicine control moss in time, the cultivation middle and later periods prevents water Bird infringement leech etc.;
Step 4, harvest:Water is discharged, eurysome golden thread leech is caught, starts to gather in paddy rice after paddy rice is ripe.
One corner in the pond in further technical scheme, step 1 is provided with discharge outlet;Cement pit is a south-north direction water Mud sump, cement pit surrounding is designed to " ﹃ " shape to inner side, and cement pit two ends are respectively equipped with water inlet, discharge outlet, water inlet level Position is higher than discharge outlet, and cement pit bottom is provided with nanometer oxygen increasing tube;The mesh of net cage is 80 mesh, on net cage along setting " " " anti-escape eaves, One water inlet pipe is installed close to middle on the long side of net cage;Hill or bright red tile be directly distributed at intervals of 1.0-2.0m, At intervals of 0.5- between a diameter of 40-100cm of hill, a diameter of 30-50cm of rice cultivation basin, high 10-20cm, basin 1.5m;Sterilization is intake after 7 days, and water inlet height is 30-40cm, and aqueous plant of sinking is waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, rich water 20- Spiral shell is delivered into after 30 days, every square of cumulative vote spiral shell 0.5-1kg topdresses once for 7-10 days during cultivation.
Further technical scheme, rice shoot described in step 2 plants seedling using dry land seedling mid-April or disk, is transplanted to It is in " ∵ " during 3 cave of plantation per cave 2-5 plants per the potted plant cave of kind 3 or 4 at the beginning of planting period in rice cultivation basin is mid-May to 6 months Shape, plants 4 caves " ∷ " shape, and water level is not higher than basin mouthful 10cm during plantation, and wherein rice shoot selection plant type is tall and big, cane is sturdy, anti-fall Volt, suitable deep water level plant high bar rice varieties,
The eurysome golden thread leech seedling is delivered in net cage, or the leech cocoon that will reach maturity tiles onto breeding water body kickboard and covered 3cm humidity soil and pasture and water, the wide 30-60cm of kickboard, every square metre of cultured area deliver leech seedling 150-350 bars;If leech cocoon, is pressed 35/cocoon is calculated.
At the beginning of the seizure time started of eurysome golden thread leech is September in further technical scheme, step 4, the rice harvesting phase is By the end of October at the beginning of 11 months.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, the present invention is improved leech growing environment, is realized rice using mutualism relation between heavy aqueous plant, paddy rice and leech Leech environmental health is cultivated, and improves culturing economic, ecological benefits.
2nd, rice cultivation basin is put into hirudiniculture water body by the present invention, and paddy rice constantly absorbs water body organic matter and residual bait, Paddy rice fast-growth occupies Water space, suppresses cultivation weeds and moss growth, keep the sun off reduction water temperature, provides attached for leech Thing, promotes leech growth, the present invention is simple to operate, and management is convenient, is adapted to large-scale promotion application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by non-limiting example, the present invention is expanded on further, the present invention is understood.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is:A kind of eurysome golden thread leech and paddy rice pond net box zoology breeding technology.
(1)Pond culture net cage prepares
The ㎡ of pond area about 3300, rectangle is about 75 m, wide about 45m, east-west, pond depth 1.5m, in pond northwest corner Discharge outlet 1 is set.The long 35m of arrangement cultivation, wide 6m aquaculture net cages totally 9 in pond, net cage south-north direction, the high 1.2m of net cage, Mesh is that, along anti-escape eaves is set on 80 mesh, net cage, with timber fixed cage in pond, each net cage is installed close to middle part intakes Pipe one.Cleaning net cage, in net cage circumferentially-spaced 1.5m heaps hill one, put in the middle of net cage and filled with soil March 15 It is spaced between the row of plastics rice cultivation basin 3, basin in the middle of 1m, each basin soil and puts drying chicken manure about 80g, each net cage rice cultivation 96, basin.April 1, with the full pond sterilization of bleaching powder once water inlet on April 8 to 30cm and rich water replaced in net cage surrounding hill Waterweed and hydrilla verticillata are planted, Fertilizer water paste is mended again once after one week, river snails, average every square metre of net are delivered April 11-No. 15 Case area is delivered and is accumulated into spiral shell 0.8kg.
(2)Paddy rice and leech seed are supported
Leech seedling:The selected leech cocoon 1.1kg that reaches maturity is kept flat before and after May 15 in each net cage kickboard(Per kg leech cocoon about 970 It is individual)And moist soil and running water grass are covered, the wide 50cm of kickboard, long 100cm, periodically to watering in kickboard, treat that a large amount of leech seedlings go out cocoon Leech cocoon in kickboard is poured into caged-culture waters afterwards.
Paddy rice:Paddy rice is academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province grain crop seed selection south stalk 46, and late April dry land seedling is transplanted to water at the beginning of 6 months In rice Pot for cultivating plant, per the potted plant cave of kind 3, planted in basin in " ∵ " shape, per cave 3-4 plants, water level is not higher than basin mouthful 10cm during plantation.
(3) feeding management
Start to mend river snail living by the end of June, later supplement according to 7-10 days of river snail quantity in case once.5-8 months gradually lift water level To 100cm, September part water level control is in 60-80cm.It is every to fill new water in right amount once into case within 5-10 days.June and July are about 20 days or so with EM bacterium water transfer once, every -15 days 10 days of August part with EM bacterium or newborn bacterium water transfer once.
(4) harvest
Draining at the beginning of 10 months catches eurysome golden thread leech;Leech is collected terminate after add water 50cm, paddy rice is gathered in by the end of October.
Cultivate result:9 net cages are caught altogether obtains eurysome golden thread leech 2147.4kg, the ㎡ of the kg of average product 429.5/667(With Pond area meter), sell about 31.35 ten thousand yuan of eurysome golden thread leech.Harvest paddy rice 146kg.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is:A kind of eurysome golden thread leech and paddy rice cement pit zoology breeding technology.
(1)Cement pit prepares
Cement pit totally 8, south-north direction, the wide 5m in pond, long 20m, deep 1.1m, pond surrounding is designed to that " ﹃ " shape prevents expanded letter to inner side Gold thread leech escapes.Enter discharge outlet at the end of cement pit two, bottom of pond is tilted from water inlet to discharge outlet side, enters 80 mesh sieves of discharge outlet Tulle is wrapped up.Clear pond, fills with soil by diameter 36cm or so, high 12cm or so plastic tub and keeps flat bottom of pond by the end of March, per basin soil In to apply through drying process Oletum Columba livia be base manure, each cement pit puts 2 rows, totally 34,1m is spaced between basin;With bleaching powder to water Mud sump is sterilized once, 30cm or so of being intake after 7 days;In cement pit surrounding away from pool wall 60cm between left and right every plantation waterweed and wheel blade Black algae, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata are planted at all with bright red tile, interval 1.5m or so;Start mid-April successively into net cage Spiral shell is delivered into, every square of cement pit cumulative vote spiral shell about 1kg, bottom of pond installs nanometer oxygen increasing tube.
(2)Paddy rice and leech seed are supported
Leech seedling:Deliver eurysome golden thread leech seedling mid-May, every square metre of cement pool area averagely delivers leech seedling 250, and leech seedling is delivered The anti-stress medicines such as preceding first sprinkling low concentration Vc.
Paddy rice:Paddy rice is academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province grain crop seed selection south stalk 46, and late April dry land seedling is transplanted to water at the beginning of 6 months In rice Pot for cultivating plant, per the potted plant cave of kind 4, rice shoot is planted in basin in " ∷ " shape, per cave 2-3 plants, and water level is not higher than basin mouthful during plantation 10cm。
(3) feeding management
Start mid-June to mend river snail living, later supplement according to 7-10 days of river snail quantity in case once.5-8 months gradually lift water Position is to 90cm, and September part water level control is in 50-80cm.It is every to fill new water in right amount once into pond within 2-5 days.June and July are about 20 days or so with EM bacterium water transfer once, every -15 days 10 days of August part with EM bacterium or newborn bacterium water transfer once.Oxygenation every night after in cultivation 2-5 hours.
(4) harvest
Draining by the end of September catches eurysome golden thread leech;Leech is collected terminate after add water 50cm, paddy rice is gathered in by the end of October.
Cultivate result:8 cement pits are caught altogether obtains eurysome golden thread leech 1244kg, average product 1.56kg/ ㎡, sells expanded letter About 18.2 ten thousand yuan of gold thread leech.Paddy rice 38kg.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is:A kind of eurysome golden thread leech and paddy rice pond net box zoology breeding technology.
The ㎡ of pond area about 20000, sets long 42m, wide 6m aquaculture net cages 45, the high 1.2m of net cage, and mesh is 80 mesh, net Along the anti-escape eaves of setting, with timber fixed cage in pond, net cage south-north direction on case.Mid-March installs net cage, in net cage four Weekly interval 1.5m heaps hill one, puts to fill with the middle of net cage and is spaced 1m, each basin between the row of soil rice cultivation basin 3, basin Drying processing chicken manure about 80g is put in the middle of soil.At the beginning of 4 months with the full pond sterilization of bleaching powder once, intake after one week to 30cm and fertilizer Water and plantation waterweed and hydrilla verticillata, Fertilizer water paste is mended once after one week again, starts mid-April to deliver river snail, average every square Rice net cage area, which is delivered, is accumulated into spiral shell 0.8kg.
(2)Paddy rice and leech seed are supported
Leech seedling:Keep flat the selected leech cocoon 2.0kg that reaches maturity mid-Mays in each net cage kickboard(Every kg leech cocoon about 970)And Cover moist soil and running water grass, the wide 50cm of kickboard, long 100 cm, will after a large amount of leech seedlings go out cocoon periodically to watering in kickboard Leech cocoon in kickboard is moved on in caged-culture waters.
Paddy rice:Paddy rice is academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province grain crop seed selection south stalk 5055, and dry land seedling mid-May is transplanted at the beginning of 6 months In rice cultivation basin, 4 caves are separately planted per basin, rice shoot is planted in basin in " ∷ " shape, and per cave 2-3 plants, water level is not high during plantation In basin mouthful 10cm.
(3) feeding management
Start mid-June to mend river snail living, later supplement according to 7-10 days of river snail quantity in case once.5-8 months gradually lift water Position is to 100cm, and September part water level control is in 50-80 cm.It is every to fill new water in right amount once into case within 3-5 days.June and July About 20 days or so with EM bacterium water transfer once, every -15 days 10 days of August part with EM bacterium or newborn bacterium water transfer once.
(4) harvest
Draining by the end of September catches eurysome golden thread leech;Leech is collected terminate after add water 50cm, paddy rice is gathered in by the end of October.
Cultivate result:45 net cages are caught altogether obtains eurysome golden thread leech 19765kg, paddy rice 603kg.Sell eurysome golden thread leech about 288.6 ten thousand yuan, the ㎡ of cultivation leech average profit 3.9 ten thousand yuan/667.
In summary, the present invention improves leech growth using mutualism relation between heavy aqueous plant, paddy rice and leech Environment, realizes that rice leech environmental health is cultivated, improves culturing economic, ecological benefits.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of paddy rice and leech zoology breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, cultivation prepares, and pond net box cultivation or cement are pool cultivated,
Wherein, pond net box is cultivated:Pond is put in selection one in order, makes net cage, and net cage is fixed on into pond with timber or bamboo stake In the pool, the rice cultivation basin for filling with soil is evenly distributed on bottom, and surrounding is uniformly distributed hill or bright red in net cage Tile pushes down bottom, after sterilization water inlet, and algae kind training water is drawn in fertilising in net cage, and plantation is heavy on hill or bright red tile Aqueous plant, delivers into spiral shell,
Cement is pool cultivated:A cement pit is selected, cement pit has been cleared up, the rice cultivation basin for filling with soil is evenly distributed on pond Bottom, is sterilized after water inlet, and into cement pit, fertilising draws algae kind training water and in the heavy aqueous plant of surrounding plantation, delivers into spiral shell;
Step 2, Rice Cropping and leech seedling are put in a suitable place to breed:By shoot transplanting equipment into rice cultivation basin, eurysome golden thread leech seedling or development are delivered Ripe leech cocoon;
Step 3, feeding management,
Feedstuff feeding:The regular replenishment work screw into water body, gradually increases screw specification, and the cultivation middle and later periods uniformly delivers weight and is The large size screw of 0.5g-2.5g/ into breeding water body,
Water level regulation:Water level is gradually stepped up, megathermal period control water depth 80-110cm, the cultivation later stage depth of water is controlled in 50-80cm,
Disease prevention and cure:Every 20 days of early stage is cultivated with EM bacterium or lactic acid bacteria water transfer once, middle and later periods every water transfer in -15 days in 10 days once, And water is suitably changed according to water quality situation, sterilized when finding to have eurysome golden thread leech dead with the full pond of chlorine dioxide;If cultivating early stage It was found that there is moss growth to control moss with prevention and control moss medicine in time, the cultivation middle and later periods prevents aquatic bird from encroaching on leech etc.;
Step 4, harvest:Water is discharged, eurysome golden thread leech is caught, starts to gather in paddy rice after paddy rice is ripe.
2. a kind of paddy rice according to claim 1 and leech zoology breeding method, it is characterised in that described in step 1 One corner in pond is provided with discharge outlet;The cement pit is a south-north direction cement pit, and cement pit surrounding is designed to inner side " ﹃ " shape, the cement pit two ends are respectively equipped with water inlet, discharge outlet, and water inlet horizontal level is higher than discharge outlet, cement pit bottom Provided with nanometer oxygen increasing tube;The mesh of the net cage is 80 mesh, on the net cage along setting " " " anti-escape eaves, it is close on the long side of net cage Middle is installed by one water inlet pipe;The hill or bright red tile layout pitch are 1.0-2.0m, the diameter of the hill For 40-100cm, a diameter of 30-50cm of rice cultivation basin, high 10-20cm, at intervals of 0.5-1.5m between basin;Sterilization 7 days After intake, water inlet height is 30-40cm, and aqueous plant of sinking is waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, and rich water delivers into after 20-30 days Spiral shell, every square of cumulative vote spiral shell 0.5-1kg, topdresses once for 7-10 days during cultivation.
3. a kind of paddy rice according to claim 1 and leech zoology breeding method, it is characterised in that seedling described in step 2 Seedling plants seedling using dry land seedling mid-April or disk, at the beginning of the planting period being transplanted in rice cultivation basin is mid-May to 6 months, often The potted plant cave of kind 3 or 4, per cave 2-5 plants, is in " ∵ " shape during 3 cave of plantation, plants 4 caves " ∷ " shape, water level is not higher than basin mouthful during plantation 10cm, wherein rice shoot selection plant type are tall and big, cane is sturdy, resistant to lodging, suitable deep water level plants high bar rice varieties,
The eurysome golden thread leech seedling is delivered in net cage, or the leech cocoon that will reach maturity tiles onto breeding water body kickboard and covered 3cm humidity soil and pasture and water, the wide 30-60cm of kickboard, every square metre of cultured area deliver leech seedling 150-350 bars;If leech Cocoon, is calculated by 35/cocoon.
4. a kind of paddy rice according to claim 1 and leech zoology breeding method, it is characterised in that expanded letter gold in step 4 At the beginning of the seizure time started of line leech is September, the rice harvesting phase is by the end of October at the beginning of 11 month.
CN201710573535.1A 2017-07-14 2017-07-14 Ecological planting and breeding method for rice and leeches Active CN107242065B (en)

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CN107873441A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-06 五河县金塘水产养殖有限公司 A kind of method of the box cultivation in river snail rice field
CN110476850A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-22 吴江市明星产业种养殖中心 Bonsai type hirudiniculture system and method

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