CN107232002A - A kind of oil tea cuttage planting method - Google Patents
A kind of oil tea cuttage planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107232002A CN107232002A CN201710406694.2A CN201710406694A CN107232002A CN 107232002 A CN107232002 A CN 107232002A CN 201710406694 A CN201710406694 A CN 201710406694A CN 107232002 A CN107232002 A CN 107232002A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method, including seed selection, nursery, garden, cottage breeding, selection of land site preparation, plant, topdress, shaping, weeding, water management, diseases prevention, insect prevention.By the management of cottage method and combination science, the survival rate of oil tea cultivation is not only substantially increased, the speed of growth of oil tea plant is also improved, shorten the production cycle of oil tea, improve tea-oil tree yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil tea planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method.
Background technology
Oil tea (Camellia spp) is seed oil content height, tool in Theaceae (Theacae) Camellia (Camellia)
The general name of productive oil species, is the important woody edible oil tannin plant of south China, with olive, oil palm, coconut palm
Son and the referred to as big woody oil tree species in the world four.Its major product tea oil unique flavor, nutritious, unsaturated fatty acid content
Height, aliphatic acid composition is reasonable, the erucic acid and mountain Yu acid for being difficult to absorb without human body, is also led without that human blood-pressure can be caused to increase
The cholesterol of vascular sclerosis is caused, is preferable edible oil.Tea oil and its byproduct have many in terms of industry, agricultural, medicine
Purposes is planted, development oil tea production is significant to improving Chinese national economy and living standards of the people.
Oil tea is the indigenous tree for originating in China, and in south China In The Low Mountain-hill Region, existing more than 2300 years cultivation is gone through
History, with the features such as with a long history, distributed areas are wide, cultivated area is big, purposes is more.China is man of Ge Duo mountain countries, particularly south
The low mountain in side, hills and hillock, are conducive to developing traditional oil tree, oily to mountain region, so as to improve the proportion of woody oleiferous plants.Oil
Tea is a kind of long-lived seeds, the characteristics of having plantation, many annual earnings one year, and plantation oil tea not only can developing rural economy, raising
Peasant receives people, moreover it is possible to meet the demand of the raising of living standards of the people and the development of social economy to high quality food oil.China shows
There is about 50,000,000 mu of oil tea cultivated area, and based on C. olelfera, produce 800000 tons of tea seed per year, more than 20 ten thousand tons of oil-producing is related to me
The state Yangtze river basin and on the south 18 provinces (area), wherein using Hunan, Jiangxi and the provinces and regions of Guangxi three as concentrate cultivation area.According to oil tea
The conditions such as the actual situation of land resource and weather in suitable habitat area, oil tea has larger development space, large-scale development in southern each province
It is big using oil tea resource potential, have a extensive future.
In recent years, the cultivated area of oil tea is being expanded on a large scale, but the survival rate of oil tea plant is not high all the time, and oil
Tea crop cycle is longer, and fruit bearing rate is low.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of new oil tea cultural method be designed, to solve these problems.
The content of the invention
A kind of oil tea cuttage planting method proposed by the present invention, improves the survival rate of oil tea plant, improves fruit bearing rate, contracting
The short oil tea production cycle.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is using the basic ideas of technical scheme：A kind of oil tea cuttage cultivation
Method, comprises the following steps：
1), seed selection：Selection grain is big full, pitch-black glossy or in dark-brown Seed of Camellia oleifera；
2), nursery：Using seedling-raising cup, loose fertile soil is selected, soil carries out sterilization, basal dressing and composite fertilizer, will
In the Seed of Camellia oleifera chosen is placed into the soil, depth is 3~4cm, is covered with nylon film, to be generated to grow up to oil tea seedling；
3), garden：From on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, fertile soil is loose Red soil is as garden；
4), cottage breeding：Choose and retain on the spring tip of semi-lignified, clip 4~5cm major branches, major branch from oil tea seedling
The leaf of one bud one, the major branch of clip is put into urge soaking in root liquid and pulls out, drain, by 10cm* after being handled through auxin after 8~10h
3cm spacing in the rows cuttage on the ground, covers agricultural film in garden after watering, cuttage seedling is obtained after cultivating 3~4 months；
5), selection of land site preparation：Height above sea level is selected less than 800 meters, mountain and hill of the gradient less than 25 degree, soil selection PH4.5~
Red soil, yellow soil or the yellow-red soil soil of 6.0 chiltern, land preparation mode is selected according to the gradient, and the gradient is less than or equal to 15 degree of selections
Overall site preparation, the gradient selects bands to cultivate at 16~25 degree, carries out basal dressing while site preparation, every mu of ground apply farmyard manure 800~
1000Kg, flattens soil after the reclamation of wasteland, digs planting pit；
6), plant：Cuttage seedling transplanting will be obtained in step 4 after cottage breeding in kind of plant hole；
7), topdress：1 year nitrogen fertilizer application after plantation, every plant of 50~70g of urea, the 3rd year starts to yield positive results
Apply 50~100g of urea, phosphorus, 100~150g of potash fertilizer for every plant afterwards, every plant of 25~50Kg of organic fertilizer of winter, spring and summer applies composite fertilizer
0.75~1kG；
8), shaping：Growth of seedling to it is 1.2~1.5 meters high when, terminal bud is extractd, retains 4~5 strong major branches, major branch exists
10~15cm interval is kept on trunk, is evenly distributed；
9), weeding：1 year after plantation, annual the end of spring and the beginning of summer and autumn each tillage and weeding 1 time trains the positive seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, the
Deep ploughing 1 time comprehensively in 3 years, depth is 20~25cm, the 4th, the 5th year annual autumn intertill 1 time, 10~15cm of depth, the 6th year
Deep ploughing 1 time comprehensively, depth is 20~25cm；
10), water management：Rainy season notes draining, and dry season pours water in time；
11), diseases prevention：
Oil Tea Anthracnose：Sick leaf, sick branch are removed in time, are prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for periodically spraying 1%, period of disease is used
50% carbendazim preventing and treating；
Oil tea soft rot：Tree upper and ground sick leaf, disease fruit are removed in time, are prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for spraying 1%；
Oil tea root rot：Drainage of soil situation is checked, prevents ponding from triggering root rot, grave illness strain is removed after morbidity, is used
50% Tuzet, 50% carbendazim are poured at rhizome；
Oil tea Sooty mould：Note pruning, ventilation wet down, period of disease sprinkling lime sulfur, summer is with 0.3 degree of Baume, spring and autumn
Season, winter was with 3 degree of Baume with 1 degree of Baume；
12), insect prevention：
Leafeating insect：Prevented and treated with 90% metrifonate, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate；
Shoot pest：Sprayed with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution；
Eat into fruit insect：With 90% metrifonate crystal, 1000 times of liquid or 80% DDT EC 1：1, which is watered 1000 times, sprays.
Further, the planting pit is ring ditch or fish-scale pit.
Further, it is 20~25cm that digging depth is cultivated during site preparation, and planting pit size is 40~50cm square.
Further, the period of topdressing of the step 6 is with trace element, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and growth regulator pair
Blade face is sprayed.
Further, shade is set in the step 4 above the ground of garden, and degree of shading is 75%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of oil tea cuttage planting method of the present invention, passes through cottage method and combined branch
Management, not only substantially increases the survival rate of oil tea cultivation, also improves the speed of growth of oil tea plant, shorten oil tea
Production cycle, improve tea-oil tree yield.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described further below.Herein it should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
As long as involved technical characteristic does not constitute conflict and can be just mutually combined each other in each embodiment.
A kind of oil tea cuttage planting method, comprises the following steps：
1), seed selection：Selection grain is big full, pitch-black glossy or in dark-brown Seed of Camellia oleifera；
2), nursery：Using seedling-raising cup, loose fertile soil is selected, soil carries out sterilization, basal dressing and composite fertilizer, will
In the Seed of Camellia oleifera chosen is placed into the soil, depth is 3~4cm, is covered with nylon film, to be generated to grow up to oil tea seedling；
3), garden：From on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, fertile soil is loose Red soil is as garden；
4), cottage breeding：Choose and retain on the spring tip of semi-lignified, clip 4~5cm major branches, major branch from oil tea seedling
The leaf of one bud one, the major branch of clip is put into urge soaking in root liquid and pulls out, drain, by 10cm* after being handled through auxin after 8~10h
3cm spacing in the rows cuttage on the ground, covers agricultural film in garden after watering, cuttage seedling is obtained after cultivating 3~4 months；
5), selection of land site preparation：Height above sea level is selected less than 800 meters, mountain and hill of the gradient less than 25 degree, soil selection PH4.5~
Red soil, yellow soil or the yellow-red soil soil of 6.0 chiltern, land preparation mode is selected according to the gradient, and the gradient is less than or equal to 15 degree of selections
Overall site preparation, the gradient selects bands to cultivate at 16~25 degree, carries out basal dressing while site preparation, every mu of ground apply farmyard manure 800~
1000Kg, flattens soil after the reclamation of wasteland, digs planting pit；
6), plant：Cuttage seedling transplanting will be obtained in step 4 after cottage breeding in kind of plant hole；
7), topdress：1 year nitrogen fertilizer application after plantation, every plant of 50~70g of urea, the 3rd year starts to yield positive results
Apply 50~100g of urea, phosphorus, 100~150g of potash fertilizer for every plant afterwards, every plant of 25~50Kg of organic fertilizer of winter, spring and summer applies composite fertilizer
0.75~1kG；
8), shaping：Growth of seedling to it is 1.2~1.5 meters high when, terminal bud is extractd, retains 4~5 strong major branches, major branch exists
10~15cm interval is kept on trunk, is evenly distributed；
9), weeding：1 year after plantation, annual the end of spring and the beginning of summer and autumn each tillage and weeding 1 time trains the positive seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, the
Deep ploughing 1 time comprehensively in 3 years, depth is 20~25cm, the 4th, the 5th year annual autumn intertill 1 time, 10~15cm of depth, the 6th year
Deep ploughing 1 time comprehensively, depth is 20~25cm；
10), water management：Rainy season notes draining, and dry season pours water in time；
11), diseases prevention：
Oil Tea Anthracnose：Sick leaf, sick branch are removed in time, are prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for periodically spraying 1%, period of disease is used
50% carbendazim preventing and treating；
Oil tea soft rot：Tree upper and ground sick leaf, disease fruit are removed in time, are prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for spraying 1%；
Oil tea root rot：Drainage of soil situation is checked, prevents ponding from triggering root rot, grave illness strain is removed after morbidity, is used
50% Tuzet, 50% carbendazim are poured at rhizome；
Oil tea Sooty mould：Note pruning, ventilation wet down, period of disease sprinkling lime sulfur, summer is with 0.3 degree of Baume, spring and autumn
Season, winter was with 3 degree of Baume with 1 degree of Baume；
12), insect prevention：
Leafeating insect：Prevented and treated with 90% metrifonate, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate；
Shoot pest：Sprayed with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution；
Eat into fruit insect：With 90% metrifonate crystal, 1000 times of liquid or 80% DDT EC 1：1, which is watered 1000 times, sprays.
The planting pit is ring ditch or fish-scale pit.By ring ditch or fish-scale pit can soil conservation retain water and nutrients, beneficial to oil
Tea plant strain growth.
It is 20~25cm that digging depth is cultivated during site preparation, and planting pit size is 40~50cm square.
The period of topdressing of the step 6 is sprayed with trace element, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and growth regulator to blade face
Apply.
Shade is set in the step 4 above the ground of garden, and degree of shading is 75%.Garden sets shade to be to avoid plant on the ground
Water loss, improves the survival rate of cuttage.
By the management of cottage method and combination science, the survival rate of oil tea cultivation is not only substantially increased, is also improved
The speed of growth of oil tea plant, shortens the production cycle of oil tea, improves tea-oil tree yield.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to described embodiment.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out many
Change, modification, replacement and modification are planted, are still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1), seed selection：Selection grain is big full, pitch-black glossy or in dark-brown Seed of Camellia oleifera；
2), nursery：Using seedling-raising cup, loose fertile soil is selected, soil is carried out sterilization, basal dressing and composite fertilizer, will chosen
Seed of Camellia oleifera place into the soil in, depth be 3~4cm, covered with nylon film, it is to be generated to grow up to oil tea seedling；
3), garden：From on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, fertile soil is loose Red soil is as garden；
4), cottage breeding：Chosen from oil tea seedling and retain a bud on the spring tip of semi-lignified, clip 4~5cm major branches, major branch
One leaf, the major branch of clip is put into urge soaking in root liquid and pulls out, drain, by 10cm*3cm's after being handled through auxin after 8~10h
Spacing in the rows cuttage on the ground, covers agricultural film in garden after watering, cuttage seedling is obtained after cultivating 3~4 months；
5), selection of land site preparation：Height above sea level is selected to be less than 800 meters, the gradient is less than 25 degree of mountain and hill, soil selection PH4.5~6.0
Red soil, yellow soil or the yellow-red soil soil of chiltern, select land preparation mode, the gradient cultivates whole entirely less than or equal to 15 degree of selections according to the gradient
Ground, the gradient selects band to cultivate at 16~25 degree, basal dressing is carried out while site preparation, 800~1000Kg of farmyard manure is applied on every mu of ground, opens up wasteland
Soil is flattened afterwards, planting pit is dug；
6), plant：Cuttage seedling transplanting will be obtained in step 4 after cottage breeding in kind of plant hole；
7), topdress：1 year nitrogen fertilizer application after plantation, every plant of 50~70g of urea starts every after yielding positive results on the 3rd year
50~100g of urea, phosphorus, 100~150g of potash fertilizer are applied in strain, and every plant of 25~50Kg of organic fertilizer of winter, spring and summer applies composite fertilizer 0.75
~1kG；
8), shaping：Growth of seedling to it is 1.2~1.5 meters high when, terminal bud is extractd, retain 4~5 strong major branches, major branch is in trunk
10~15cm of upper holding interval, is evenly distributed；
9), weeding：1 year after plantation, annual the end of spring and the beginning of summer and autumn each tillage and weeding 1 time trains the positive seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, the 3rd year
Deep ploughing 1 time comprehensively, depth is 20~25cm, the 4th, the 5th year annual autumn intertill 1 time, 10~15cm of depth, the 6th year comprehensively
Deep ploughing 1 time, depth is 20~25cm；
10), water management：Rainy season notes draining, and dry season pours water in time；
11), diseases prevention：
Oil Tea Anthracnose：Sick leaf, sick branch are removed in time, is prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for periodically spraying 1%, and period of disease is with 50%
Carbendazim is prevented and treated；
Oil tea soft rot：Tree upper and ground sick leaf, disease fruit are removed in time, are prevented by the Bordeaux mixture for spraying 1%；
Oil tea root rot：Drainage of soil situation is checked, prevents ponding from triggering root rot, grave illness strain is removed after morbidity, is moved back with 50%
Bacterium is special, 50% carbendazim is poured at rhizome；
Oil tea Sooty mould：Note pruning, ventilation wet down, period of disease sprinkling lime sulfur, summer used with 0.3 degree of Baume, spring and autumn
1 degree of Baume, winter is with 3 degree of Baume；
12), insect prevention：
Leafeating insect：Prevented and treated with 90% metrifonate, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate；
Shoot pest：Sprayed with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution；
Eat into fruit insect：With 90% metrifonate crystal, 1000 times of liquid or 80% DDT EC 1：1, which is watered 1000 times, sprays.
2. a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The planting pit be ring ditch or
Fish-scale pit.
3. a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cultivated during site preparation digging depth be 20~
25cm, planting pit size is 40~50cm square.
4. a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During the topdressing of the step 6
Blade face is sprayed with trace element, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and growth regulator.
5. a kind of oil tea cuttage planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 4 above the ground of garden
Shade is set, and degree of shading is 75%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646500A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽省龙成生态农业有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of oil tea |
| CN108739024A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州关岭阿依苗生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese toon growing method |
| CN109168929A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南省银鑫油茶开发有限公司 | The control method of tea oil tree pest and disease damage |
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| CN105494005A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-04-20 | 朱孝军 | High-yield cultivation method for seedling planting of camellia oleifera |
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| CN101530063A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-16 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Rapid propagation method for clonal tissue culture of oil tea |
| CN105052443A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽农业大学 | Rapid propagation method for autumn single node cutting of tea-oil trees |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646500A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽省龙成生态农业有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of oil tea |
| CN108739024A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州关岭阿依苗生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese toon growing method |
| CN109168929A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南省银鑫油茶开发有限公司 | The control method of tea oil tree pest and disease damage |
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