CN107173016A - Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods - Google Patents
Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107173016A CN107173016A CN201710453631.2A CN201710453631A CN107173016A CN 107173016 A CN107173016 A CN 107173016A CN 201710453631 A CN201710453631 A CN 201710453631A CN 107173016 A CN107173016 A CN 107173016A
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Abstract
Artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods are introduced a fine variety the invention discloses a kind of narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, we pass through the discriminating to field different cultivars, gene phenotype is better, meet the narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introducing and planting of nectariferous plant requirement, purificated and rejuvenated in nursery lot using special implantation methods, select that (such as plants stems are thick and strong by phenotype, resistance to lodging etc.), pluck elite plant seed, the seed suited the requirements is obtained after final election to be preserved and breeding, introduces a collection is provided for large area artificial growth narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, narrow leaf Herba Stachydis this endangered species is not only saved, what is more important passes through artificial breeding, the co-melting optimal kind of a kind of ecological and economic double orientation is provided for the national restoration project in three river Wetland Protections energy.
Description
Technical field
Artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods are introduced a fine variety the present invention relates to a kind of plant, and in particular to the black honeybee in northeast is national certainly
The important nectariferous plant narrow leaf Herba Stachydis of right protection zone introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, belong to conservation of plant resources with
Utilize technical field.
Background technology
Herba Stachydis also known as wood grass, wild purple perilla (Stachys baicalensis Tisch ex Benth), Labiatae,
White dead nettle subfamily, wood category, wood group, Herba Stachydis kind, narrow leaf Herba Stachydis subspecies.
Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis are that three river wetlands are scratched and planted in multiple Herba Stachydis kinds of power riverside Herba Stachydis Proterozoic as nectar source
The optimal kind of thing phene, is characterized in：Plant flower is more, and honey flow amount is big, flower time opening, florescence from base portion to top
Up to 1.5 months.Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis are herbaceos perennials, and root evil and seed can breed, grow thickly more, and hygrophilous profit is fertile
Subacidity soil, the natural flood lands for being distributed in the sparse unoccupied place of wetland weeds or riverbed edge more, there is the root shape overgrow underground
Stem, plant is up to 0.6m~1.0m, and stem is upright or shape of partly crawling, the prismatic of stem four and tool groove, top have close life on branch, rib to swing to
Have close hair on the long seta of white, section, petiole is short stockless, leaf egg shape Long Circle or long round shape is linear, the long 3.5cm~10cm of leaf,
The positive sparsely grow bristle of leaf width 0.6cm, leaf, the close raw fine hair of leaf back, take turns and are booked inflorescence between umbrella inflorescence, axil, and generally often wheel blossoms 3
Piece~5, often take turns 3 days~5 days colored florescence, often wheel spend time the to open, taken turns by more than 10 to 15 and constitute spike, bennet is short,
Calyx is bell, magnificent hat rose, up to 1.5cm, corolla tube are directly stretched, the lip of limb two, upper lip are directly stretched, oval, stamen 4
Piece, 2 length are 2 short, filigree is flat, flower pesticide oval, the style of gynoecium is thread, slightly exceed stamen, floral disc flat-top, ovary dark brown 2
Piece~4 pieces of seeds, it is really pyrene dark brown, ossphere shape, in July at plant florescence~mid-September, fructescence is in August~September, thousand
Grain weight 0.7g.
Several variety protections similar with wetland, Sanjiang Plain, it is more to scratch power riverside narrow leaf Herba Stachydis plant flower, spends nectar flow
It is long, honey flow amount is big, sweet matter sparkling and crystal-clear pure white, in good taste, nutritional ingredient it is high, can be compared favourably with Mel.
Near endangered herbaceous plant Herba Stachydis now, be once spread all over the length and breadth of land Three River Plain typical region it is many
Year raw herbaceous plant.The large-scale development construction of eighties of last century the fifties borderland is started from, reclaimed land from marshes, retained and change river course, blindness
Wetland etc. is developed, causes the region Wetland Area to fall sharply, the globality of insertion one is destroyed, meanwhile, surrounding farmland is used
The toxic pesticides that decompose of a large amount of chemical fertilizer and being difficult in short term, enter river body with rainwash in rainy season, pollute whole wetland waters,
It is lethal challenge to the biology survived in the region.Herba Stachydis it is endangered, blindly open up wasteland wetland except artificial this be direct
Outside factor, its stealthy killer is the rich nutritive materials such as various salts and nitrogen in chemical fertilizer and the difficult residual organic agricultural chemicals decomposed, dirty
Water body is contaminated.Herba Stachydis are the sensitive indicative plants of reaction, and the deterioration of environment is also that it is endangered important external for boosting
Factor.Important region indicative plant and national northeast Hei Feng protection zone extremely preciousness of the Herba Stachydis as national wetland
High-quality nectariferous plant, rescue, cultivation, exploitation, either ecological construction or economic construction are all significant.
The content of the invention
Introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods it is an object of the invention to provide narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, by field not
With the discriminating of kind, by gene phenotype it is relatively good, meet the narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introducing and planting of nectariferous plant requirement, in nursery lot
Purificated and rejuvenated, selected by phenotype using special implantation methods, pluck elite plant seed, obtained and suit the requirements after final election
Seed preserved with breeding, provide introduces a collection for large area artificial growth narrow leaf Herba Stachydis.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step1：From three river wetlands scratch the wild Herba Stachydis population that power riverside is remained in select that growing way is excellent, reproductive capacity is prosperous
Contain, individual plant spends the big narrow leaf Herba Stachydis of many, honey flow cycle length, honey flow amount, the excellent plant seed of harvesting characterization value；
Step2：Choose the gloomy river Seedlings nursery base in Raohe County on the sunny side, flat, pH value be 5.5~6.5 subacidity grassy marshland
The soil is turned over seedbed that is whole and making wide 1.5m, high 20cm by black loam as introduction and cultivation base, and growth period soil contains
Water 20%~30%；
Step3：Sowed when 10 days~May 20 May in early spring, effective accumulated temperature >=20 DEG C, thickness of earth covering is the 2 of seed transverse diameter
Times；
Step4：Seed be unearthed after early seedling stage poured every 3 days~5 days it is permeable once, before the florescence remove hybrid strain and extract grow
The bad plant of gesture, puts 4 groups of black honeybees in standard northeast to promote narrow leaf Herba Stachydis to pollinate and improve seed production in the florescence in test block
Amount and kernel maturing, irrigation times decrement when autumn seed is close ripe；
Step5：August~September manually chooses harvesting, and to plant plants stems in planting seedlings thick, higher plant, Hua Duo, florescence then long
And the seed of the big plant of honey flow amount is used as the selected superior genotypes introduces a collection of Second Year purification and rejuvenation breeding；
Step6：Second Year spring is first handled seed when sowing, and is then carried within continuous 3 years by progeny test
Pure rejuvenation and directive breeding, finally obtain the introduces a collection that phenotype is preferable, genotype is stable, quality is higher, and the introduces a collection is subject to
Preserve for breeding.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step2, experiment
Area's soil does not have residues of pesticides, and is sterilized with 1%~2% ferrous sulfate.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step3, take
Drilling, sown scope is 10cm, vertically hung scroll spacing 10cm, the average 0.75kg of every mu of application rate.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step4, early seedling
Show that growth needs suitably increase frequency of watering after phase.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step4, autumn
When seed is close to maturation, pouring water quality standard is：Holding soil energy is agglomerating, unclamps and can slowly scatter, and mode of watering is sprinkling irrigation, when watering
Between when being the morning 5~9 when or during afternoon 14~18 when.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step4, in field
Between manage during, base manure is based on the farm manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, every mu of 500kg~1000kg；Topdress and growing June in busy season~July, with
Based on phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, every mu of 3kg~5kg.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step5, harvesting
Seed cleaning after dry ventilations storage in 0 DEG C~5 DEG C natural conditions.
Foregoing narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step6, to planting
The method that son is handled is as follows：Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis seed normal temperature clear water is invaded into bubble 60min, 0.1% potassium permanganate is used after pulling out
10min is soaked, clear water, which is rinsed, to be dried, and seed then is mixed into fine sand, according to kind：Husky=1：3 volume ratio sowing earthing.
The present invention is advantageous in that：
(1) introduced a fine variety by selecting, and take artificial purification and rejuvenation breeding measures, cultivated narrow with excellent performance type
Leaf Herba Stachydis, such as plants stems it is thick and strong, it is resistance to lodging, provide excellent introduces a collection, the side of breeding for extensive artificial growth
Formula (seed growing and cuttage pierre and cell are bred) and implantation methods；
(2) narrow leaf Herba Stachydis this endangered species has not only been saved, what is more important, by artificial breeding, is that three rivers are wet
Ground protection zone country restoration project provides the co-melting optimal kind of energy of a kind of ecological and economic double orientation.
Embodiment
Make specific introduce to the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
First, select and introduce a fine variety
Wild Herba Stachydis in three rivers Wetland Protection have been on the verge of disappearance, and narrow leaf Herba Stachydis are particularly rare, existing wild
Herba Stachydis are only sporadicly distributed in protection zone core space.To obtain honey yield highest Herba Stachydis kind, it is necessary to existing wild
Herba Stachydis different cultivars carries out field inspection, therefrom selects the narrow leaf Herba Stachydis Asia that phenotype is more excellent, meet nectariferous plant requirement
Plant the preferred kind as biological engineering.
Selected specifically, carrying out observation discriminating in three river wetlands scratch the wild Herba Stachydis population that power riverside is remained, from several
Selection growing way is excellent in the different Herba Stachydis kind of individual character, reproductive capacity is vigorous, individual plant spends many, honey flow cycle length, honey flow amount big
Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, autumn picks seed from selected wild narrow leaf Herba Stachydis kind plant, dries, impurity elimination, by seed
The good elite seed of the full and maturity of grain is placed in dry ventilation storage.
2nd, selection of land site preparation
Herba Stachydis are hygrophilous profit, subacidity, grassy marshland fertile soil growing environment and react sensitive finger to water body, soil pollution
The property shown plant, thus we choose the gloomy river Seedlings nursery base in Raohe County on the sunny side, flat, pH value for 5.5~6.5 subacidity grass
Pasture black loam 2500m2As introduction and cultivation base, the soil is turned over into seedbed that is whole and making wide 1.5m, high 20cm, grown
Phase soil moisture content 20%~30%, trial zone soil does not have residues of pesticides, and is sterilized with 1%~2% ferrous sulfate, to meet
Demand of the Herba Stachydis to outside growing environment.
3rd, sow
10 days~May 20 May in early spring (effective accumulated temperature >=20 DEG C) is sowed, and takes drilling, sown scope is 10cm, vertically hung scroll spacing
10cm, the average 0.75kg (about 750,000) of every mu of application rate, for the benefit of narrow leaf Herba Stachydis seed breaks ground in time emerges, and earthing is thick
Spend for 2 times of seed transverse diameter.
4th, field management
Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis are hygrophilous, happiness meta-acid grassy marshland fertile soil, suitable daytime high temperature, night lower temperature growing environment, in life
Long-term daily temperature grows vigorous when stablizing more than 20 DEG C, less than 30 DEG C, and the breeding of root evil is soon, so the early seedling stage after seed is unearthed
Need to often water, poured every 3 days~5 days it is permeable once, can show that the appropriate increasing of growth needs is watered frequency later.
Before the florescence, remove hybrid strain and extract the bad plant of growing way, it is ensured that the excellent narrow leaf Herba Stachydis of pure, characterization value are awarded
Powder.
In florescence, put 4 groups of black honeybees in standard northeast in test block, promote the pollination of narrow leaf Herba Stachydis and improve seed production and
Kernel maturing, and observe its honey flow amount.
Autumn seed close to it is ripe when, irrigation times decrement, standard is：Soil remains that moistening (holds soil energy partially
Agglomerating, release, which can slowly scatter, to be advisable), mode of watering is sprinkling irrigation, when watering time is the morning 5~9 when or during afternoon 14~18
When.
It, using the sowing of bar broadcast mode, is to react sensitive herbaceous plant to medicament again to be due to narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, so
Agricultural chemicals is prohibitted the use of during field management, weeding is based on artificial.
In addition, during field management, base manure is based on the farm manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, every mu of 500kg~1000kg；Topdress in life
Long June in busy season~July, based on phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, every mu of 3kg~5kg, to promote, narrow leaf Herba Stachydis are resistant to lodging, bloom and seed
Grain is full.
During whole field management, nursery observational record is carried out, is the purification and rejuvenation of filial generation and cultivates orientation phenotype
Do foundation.
Through cultivating, we are to have obtained that plant shape is taller and bigger, stem is sturdy, lodging tolerance is compared with field nature in First Year
Further improve, vitality is vigorous, individual plant inflorescence is more, honey flow time lengthening narrow leaf Herba Stachydis, and through statistics, survive
Rate reaches more than 85%.
5th, harvest
Taken turns due to narrow leaf Herba Stachydis from bottom to top by more than 10 to 20 and constitute spike, often take turns florescence difference, seed
Maturity is different, inevitable some seed landing, goes out some plant in Second Year natural breed, the characterization value of some plant is not
Meet cultivation preferable, it is therefore desirable to manually pluck excellent strain seed, the excellent strain seed plucked will in Second Year, sowing in the 3rd year
Ground nursery is selected, hydridization is prevented, more preferably to determine the genetic force of filial generation, it is ensured that artificially breeding and the precision of purification and rejuvenation.
The time for harvesting seed is August~September, and the specific maturity depending on single-strain seed is plucked, with maturation with collection.
Artificial choose plucks the thick plants stems planted then in planting seedlings, higher plant, Hua Duo, florescence length and the seed of the big plant of honey flow amount
Purificated and rejuvenated as Second Year the selected superior genotypes introduces a collection of breeding, in 0 DEG C~5 DEG C natural conditions after the seed cleaning of harvesting
Dry ventilation storage.
6th, final election
The introduces a collection that the good excellent strain seed of the Phenotypic value harvested is bred as Second Year, narrow leaf Herba Stachydis seed is normal
Warm clear water invades bubble 60min, and 10min is soaked with 0.1% potassium permanganate after pulling out, and clear water, which is rinsed, to be dried, and seed then is mixed into fine sand
(fine sand is sterilized by 1%~2% ferrous sulfate in advance), according to kind：Husky=1：3 (volume ratios) sow earthing, are surveyed by filial generation
Fixed continuation, which is chosen, obtained the introduces a collection that the good excellent strain seed of Phenotypic value was bred as the 3rd year, by the purification and rejuvenation of continuous 3 years
And directive breeding, we achieve the introduces a collection that phenotype is preferable, genotype is stable, quality is higher, and the introduces a collection is preserved
For breeding.
Through cultivating, we are filial generation narrow leaf Herba Stachydis plant type that Second Year is obtained is tall and big, stem is sturdy, lodging tolerance enters one
Step is improved, vitality is vigorous, individual plant different time inflorescence verticillate from the bottom to top is more, honey flow time lengthening, through statistics, narrow leaf
Herba Stachydis survival rate is to more than 90%；The elite seed plucked with Second Year continues to cultivate with selecting, and we obtained in the 3rd year
Filial generation narrow leaf Herba Stachydis plant type it is tall and big, stem is sturdy, lodging tolerance is further improved, vitality is vigorous, individual plant different time
Inflorescence verticillate from the bottom to top is more, honey flow time lengthening to early September, through statistics, narrow leaf Herba Stachydis survival rate is arrived
More than 95%, (annualized) honey flow amount lifts more than 3 times than wild type.
As can be seen here：Herba Stachydis after artificial purification and rejuvenation are with the obvious advantage higher than seeding-growth, and reached main warp
Ji and ecological index, the stem of its plant is thicker, more strong, more resistant to lodging, and vitality is vigorous, and individual plant different time is from the bottom to top
Verticillate inflorescence is more.
In addition, it is observed that and statistics, the Herba Stachydis after artificial purification and rejuvenation are bred also have the advantage that：
As can be seen here, we select kind → narrow leaf Herba Stachydis advantage single-strain seed → 1st year nursery by artificial field
Base sowing → field management → harvesting advantage plant seed → 2nd year breeding → superior the plant seed of selection filial generation characterization value
Nursery base sowing in → the 3 year, was selected, the characterization value of narrow leaf Herba Stachydis reaches perfect condition, its plant by purification and rejuvenation in 3 years
Phenotype reach unanimity substantially, the genotype of this kind has been stablized, and its genotype frequency reaches ideal indicator, rejects indivedual
Bad plant, can promote introduces a collection large area as three river wetland recovery projects and use.
It should be noted that the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, all use equivalent substitutions or equivalent change
The technical scheme that the mode changed is obtained, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step1：From three river wetlands scratch the wild Herba Stachydis population that power riverside is remained in select that growing way is excellent, reproductive capacity is vigorous, it is single
The big narrow leaf Herba Stachydis of many, honey flow cycle length, honey flow amount, the excellent plant seed of harvesting characterization value are spent in strain；
Step2：Choose the gloomy river Seedlings nursery base in Raohe County on the sunny side, flat, pH value be 5.5~6.5 the black earth of subacidity grassy marshland
The soil is turned over seedbed that is whole and making wide 1.5m, high 20cm, growth period soil moisture content by soil as introduction and cultivation base
20%~30%；
Step3：Sowed when 10 days~May 20 May in early spring, effective accumulated temperature >=20 DEG C, thickness of earth covering is 2 times of seed transverse diameter；
Step4：Seed be unearthed after early seedling stage poured every 3 days~5 days it is permeable once, before the florescence remove hybrid strain and extract growing way not
Good plant, in test block put 4 groups of black honeybees in standard northeast in the florescence with promote narrow leaf Herba Stachydis pollinate and improve seed production and
Kernel maturing, irrigation times decrement when autumn seed is close ripe；
Step5：August~September, which is manually chosen, plucks the thick plants stems planted then in planting seedlings, higher plant, Hua Duo, florescence length and stream
The seed that honey measures big plant is used as the selected superior genotypes introduces a collection of Second Year purification and rejuvenation breeding；
Step6：Second Year spring is first handled seed when sowing, and then carries out within continuous 3 years purifying again by progeny test
Strong and directive breeding, finally obtains the introduces a collection that phenotype is preferable, genotype is stable, quality is higher, and the introduces a collection is preserved
For breeding.
2. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step2, trial zone soil does not have residues of pesticides, and is sterilized with 1%~2% ferrous sulfate.
3. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step3, drilling is taken, sown scope is 10cm, vertically hung scroll spacing 10cm, the average 0.75kg of every mu of application rate.
4. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step4, show that growth needs suitably increase frequency of watering after early seedling stage.
5. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step4, when autumn seed is close to maturation, pouring water quality standard is：Holding soil energy is agglomerating, unclamps and can slowly scatter, mode of watering
For sprinkling irrigation, when watering time is the morning 5~9 when or during afternoon 14~18 when.
6. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step4, during field management, base manure is based on the farm manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, every mu of 500kg~1000kg；Topdress prosperous in growth
June in season~July, based on phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, every mu of 3kg~5kg.
7. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step5, ventilation storage is dried in 0 DEG C~5 DEG C natural conditions after the seed cleaning of harvesting.
8. narrow leaf Herba Stachydis according to claim 1 introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods, it is characterised in that
In Step6, the method handled seed is as follows：Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis seed normal temperature clear water is invaded into bubble 60min, used after pulling out
0.1% potassium permanganate soaks 10min, and clear water, which is rinsed, to be dried, and seed then is mixed into fine sand, according to kind：Husky=1：3 volume ratio is broadcast
Plant earthing.
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| CN107691153A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-16 | 许连峰 | A kind of implantation methods for improving konjak functional component content |
| CN109258426A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Herba Stachydis seed high efficiency seedling cultivating method |
| CN109964751A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-05 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | A kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements |
| CN113068574A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting stachys sieboldii |
| CN113597987A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-05 | 黑龙江省德旭农业高科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for artificially domesticated wild stachys narrowa |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109964751A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-05 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | A kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements |
| CN109964751B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-04-06 | 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 | Method for germplasm preservation, purification and rejuvenation of Trapa acornis |
| CN113068574A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting stachys sieboldii |
| CN113597987A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-05 | 黑龙江省德旭农业高科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for artificially domesticated wild stachys narrowa |
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