CN107155656A - A kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia - Google Patents
A kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155656A CN107155656A CN201710591253.4A CN201710591253A CN107155656A CN 107155656 A CN107155656 A CN 107155656A CN 201710591253 A CN201710591253 A CN 201710591253A CN 107155656 A CN107155656 A CN 107155656A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, belong to seedling propagation technical field.It comprises the following steps：Selection Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is used as stock；Selection Kangding lily magnolia one, biennial branch make scion；High stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off at 1.5 1.8 meters of stock, scabble fracture, grafting is carried out along after the vertical incision of forming layer in 3 directions of fracture；Grafting time selects early September in autumn；Grafting rear port moisturizing, notes after surviving except evil is sprouted, and keeps soil moisture below 80% before surviving, survives organic commercial fertilizer 3000kg/ha of rear spring next year using total nitrogen content 5%；The present invention can improve the grafting survival rate of Kangding lily magnolia, while can shorten the commodity nursery stock production cycle using high stake grafting, and quickly breeding is bloomed seedlings, is reduced planting cost, is promoted the industrialized development of Kangding lily magnolia.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling propagation technical field, specifically, it is related to a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia.
Background technology
Kangding lily magnolia (M.dawsoniana) is also known as light leaf lily magnolia, with its tall and big tall and straight figure, delicate and charming charming flower
It is deep to be liked by common people, it is graceful flower garden ornamental tree species, value of exploiting and utilizing is big, but Kangding lily magnolia is only distributed in Ganzi tribute
Loud, high-pitched sound is at the foot of the hill in the black cloth river bank 1400~2500m of height above sea level at Dadu River basin and Ya'an Erlongshan Mountains foot of a hill or mountain virgin forest, and
More with the mixed life of other seeds, upgrowth situation is intermediate or on the lower side, though being arbor, occupies II layer of crown canopy, I layer is occupied less.In general, it is wild
Raw Kangding lily magnolia rare numbers, some seeds have also appeared a problem that illness and artificial destruction, in recent years due to habitat
Deteriorate and make it that Kangding lily magnolia living space is greatly compressed, the feelings of large stretch of individual integrated distribution have been hardly visible at present
Shape, often sporadicly spreads, situation has allowed of no optimist on uninhabited ground.
Current Kangding lily magnolia study on reproduction is less, it is known that reproduction technique relate only to seed propagation, but Kangding lily magnolia knot
Real rate is low, serious by insect pest, and percentage of seedgermination is low and collection is difficult, seriously limits the industrialized development of Kangding lily magnolia；2009
Nian Qi, Ganzi forestry scientific research is combined development Kangding lily magnolia introduction and acclimatization with Sichuan Agricultural University and ground with industrialization development
Study carefully, in Kangding, the Species structure of lily magnolia, age composition, phenology feature and reproduction technique have carried out further investigated, cutting propagation life
There is the polyphenol oxidase activity of higher level during disclosing cuttage in reason research so that cuttage branch callus browning and give birth to
Root is difficult, by adding ascorbic acid and citric acid, polyphenol oxidase activity can be reduced to a certain extent, but cuttage is given birth to
Root influence is not obvious；Propagation by grafiting is the optimal modes of reproduction of Kangding lily magnolia industrialized development, grafting fast growth, is bloomed
It is early.But Root-stock selection, grafting method, the grafting time of propagation by grafiting do not appear in the newspapers at present for the influence of Kangding lily magnolia survival rate
Road.
The content of the invention
In view of this, there is provided a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, this method for the problem of present invention is directed to above-mentioned
Practicality simple to operate, can greatly improve Kangding lily magnolia propagation by grafiting survival rate.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, including it is following
Step：
1) selection and cultivation of stock：Growth selection health, tree body are tall and big, trunk leads to straight, smooth-barked stock；
2) scion is chosen：Kangding lily magnolia one, biennial, abundant ripe, tool is selected to enrich the branch conduct of full axillary bud
Scion, cuts the blade on branch, retains petiole, and moisturizing is wrapped up through liver moss, and the same day is paved with the foam of freezing bottled water by bottom
Case encapsulation is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserved with transport back grafting, with taking with connecing during grafting；
3) grafting：Using high stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off by stock, scabble fracture, in fracture 3
Slightly reveal 0.5- above xylem, axillary bud along the vertical incision 2.5-3.0cm of forming layer, the wide 0.5-0.8cm of tangent plane, tangent plane center in direction
Cutting at 0.8cm, chamfers in scion axillary bud to downward at side-lower 0.5cm, after xylem, vertically downward sliding cutting, tangent plane
Long 3.0-3.5cm, is cutting above axillary bud at 0.5-0.8cm, after the alignment of stock scion otch forming layer is combined closely, with width
4.0cm grafting membrane colligation is fixed；
4) managing after grafting：I.e. inspection in 10 days survives situation after grafting, to the plant of grafting survival, 20 days after grafting
Once lightened restrictions on, release lashings within 45 days after grafting, insect pest preventing and controlling work is carried out in timely weeding, stock rudiment of erasing in time
Make.
Further, step 1) in selected graft stock be Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 6-15cm.
Further, step 2) in the scion be field acquisition, acquisition time is autumn then by the end of August at the beginning of September,
The branch that selection Kangding lily magnolia all one's life, fully ripe, tool enrich full axillary bud is used as scion.
Further, step 3) in the grafting time be early September in autumn.
Further, step 3) in grafting described in stock is sawed-off at 1.5-1.8m forms high stake.
Further, step 4) in grafting after relative air humidity be maintained at 75-80%, control soil relative water content
It is maintained at less than 80%.
Further, step 4) in grafting survival after spring next year new slightly length when being 35cm, using total nitrogen content 5%
Organic fertilizer 3000kg/ha.
Further, step 4) in grafting survival pour a water after late October, untill irrigating, to spring next year
Rewater, poured water in good time according to rain fall later, rainy season notes draining before rudiment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be obtained including following technique effect：
The inventive method simple possible, amounts to 600 plants of grafting Kangding lily magnolia, actual survival in experiment using the inventive method
481 plants, survival rate can reach more than 80%.Compared with traditional propagation method, Kangding lily magnolia graft survival rate is substantially increased,
Planting cost is reduced, economic benefit is improved.
Certainly, any product for implementing the present invention it is not absolutely required to while reaching all the above technique effect.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, thereby to the present invention how application technology hand
Section can fully understand and implement according to this to solve technical problem and reach the implementation process of technology effect.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, comprises the following steps：
1) selection and cultivation of stock：Selection diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10cm, healthy growth, tree body are tall and big, trunk leads to straight, smooth-barked
Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is used as stock；
2) scion is chosen：In autumn then by the end of August to September at the beginning of gather branch, it is selection Kangding lily magnolia one, biennial, abundant
The branch that ripe, tool enriches full axillary bud is used as scion, it is preferable that selection Kangding lily magnolia is annual, abundant ripe, tool enriches
The branch of full axillary bud cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, wraps up moisturizing through liver moss, the same day is by bottom
The bubble chamber encapsulation for being paved with freezing bottled water is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserved with transport back grafting, with taking with connecing during grafting；
3) grafting：Using high stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off at stock 1.6m, scabble fracture,
Slightly reveal 0.6cm above xylem, axillary bud along the vertical incision 2.8cm of forming layer, the wide 0.6cm of tangent plane, tangent plane center in 3 directions of fracture
Place is cut, in scion axillary bud to beveling downwards at side-lower 0.5cm, after xylem, vertically downward sliding cutting, and tangent plane is long
3.2cm, is cutting above axillary bud at 0.7cm, after the alignment of stock scion otch forming layer is combined closely, with wide 4.0cm grafting
Film colligation is fixed；
4) grafting time：Select early September grafting in the fall；
5) final-period management：Bagging moisturizing after grafting, keeps interface relative air humidity to be maintained at 78%, control soil is relative
Water content is maintained at less than 80%, and i.e. inspection in 10 days survives situation after grafting, to the plant of grafting survival, 20 days after grafting
Once lightened restrictions on, release within 45 days after grafting lashings, timely weeding fertilising, stock rudiment of erasing in time is carried out disease pest and prevented
Work is controlled, is that the growth of grafting creates good condition.Wait to survive and pour a water after late October, untill irrigating, extremely
Rewater, poured water in good time according to rain fall later, rainy season notes draining before the rudiment of spring next year.It is new slightly in grafting spring next year
When length reaches 35cm or so, the organic commercial fertilizer 3000kg/ha using total nitrogen content 5% or so.
Embodiment 2
The present invention provides a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, comprises the following steps：
1) selection and cultivation of stock：Selection diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 6cm or so, healthy growth, tree body are tall and big, logical straight, the bark light of trunk
Sliding Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is used as stock；
2) scion is chosen：In autumn then by the end of August to September at the beginning of gather branch, selection Kangding lily magnolia is raw then, fully into
The branch that ripe, tool enriches full axillary bud cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, and moisturizing is wrapped up through liver moss, when
The bubble chamber encapsulation for day being paved with freezing bottled water by bottom is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserved with transport back grafting, with taking with connecing during grafting；
3) grafting：Using high stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off at stock 1.5m, scabble fracture,
Slightly reveal 0.5cm above xylem, axillary bud along the vertical incision 2.5cm of forming layer, the wide 0.5cm of tangent plane, tangent plane center in 3 directions of fracture
Place is cut, in scion axillary bud to beveling downwards at side-lower 0.5cm, after xylem, vertically downward sliding cutting, and tangent plane is long
3.0cm, is cutting above axillary bud at 0.5cm, after the alignment of stock scion otch forming layer is combined closely, with wide 4.0cm grafting
Film colligation is fixed；
4) grafting time：Select early September grafting in the fall；
5) final-period management：Bagging moisturizing after grafting, keeps interface relative air humidity to be maintained at 75%, control soil is relative
Water content is maintained at less than 80%, and i.e. inspection in 10 days survives situation after grafting, to the plant of grafting survival, 20 days after grafting
Once lightened restrictions on, release within 45 days after grafting lashings, timely weeding fertilising, stock rudiment of erasing in time is carried out disease pest and prevented
Work is controlled, is that the growth of grafting creates good condition.Wait to survive and pour once permeable after late October, sprouted to spring next year
Rewater, poured water in good time according to rain fall later, rainy season notes draining before bud.Reached in grafting spring next year new slightly length
During 35cm or so, the organic commercial fertilizer 3000kg/ha using total nitrogen content 5% or so.
Embodiment 3
The present invention provides a kind of high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia, comprises the following steps：
1) selection and cultivation of stock：Selection diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 15cm or so, healthy growth, tree body are tall and big, logical straight, the bark light of trunk
Sliding Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is used as stock；
2) scion is chosen：In autumn then by the end of August to September at the beginning of gather branch, selection Kangding lily magnolia is raw then, fully into
The branch that ripe, tool enriches full axillary bud cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, and moisturizing is wrapped up through liver moss, when
The bubble chamber encapsulation for day being paved with freezing bottled water by bottom is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserved with transport back grafting, with taking with connecing during grafting；
3) grafting：Using high stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off at stock 1.8m, scabble fracture,
Slightly reveal 0.8cm above xylem, axillary bud along the vertical incision 3.0cm of forming layer, the wide 0.8cm of tangent plane, tangent plane center in 3 directions of fracture
Place is cut, in scion axillary bud to beveling downwards at side-lower 0.5cm, after xylem, vertically downward sliding cutting, and tangent plane is long
3.5cm, is cutting above axillary bud at 0.8cm, after the alignment of stock scion otch forming layer is combined closely, with wide 4.0cm grafting
Film colligation is fixed；
4) grafting time：Select early September grafting in the fall；
5) final-period management：Bagging moisturizing after grafting, keeps interface relative air humidity to be maintained at 80%, control soil is relative
Water content is maintained at less than 80%, and i.e. inspection in 10 days survives situation after grafting, to the plant of grafting survival, 20 days after grafting
Once lightened restrictions on, release within 45 days after grafting lashings, timely weeding fertilising, stock rudiment of erasing in time is carried out disease pest and prevented
Work is controlled, is that the growth of grafting creates good condition.Wait to survive and pour once permeable after late October, sprouted to spring next year
Rewater, poured water in good time according to rain fall later, rainy season notes draining before bud.Reached in grafting spring next year new slightly length
During 35cm or so, the organic commercial fertilizer 3000kg/ha using total nitrogen content 5% or so.
Illustrate the technique effect of the present invention with reference to specific experimental data：
First, selection Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is grafting stock, is true after carrying out contrast test as stock with the flower bud of lily magnolia, Flos micheliae Albae
Fixed, Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is particularly employed first as the stock of Kangding lily magnolia carries out grafting.Stock is controlled to be combined as in experiment
Unique variable, from same specification size, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the straight Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu in trunk end, the flower bud of lily magnolia and Flos micheliae Albae 6
Year, raw seedlings made stock progress contrast test, and grafting, each 3 cell conducts of kind are carried out in the cloudy morning at the beginning of autumn September
Repeat, each 100 plants of cell, the survival rate that 30 days compare different cultivars stock after grafting, discovery Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu is grafting anvil
The survival rate of wood is significantly higher than the flower bud of lily magnolia and Flos micheliae Albae (P to 80.33%<0.05) 74.27% and 71.67% (table 1), and
The flower bud of lily magnolia and Flos micheliae Albae are as graft stock, and survival rate difference is not obvious.
The graft survival rate average value and standard deviation of the different stock combinations of table 1
Note:Different lowercases represent different stock combination survival rate differences and reach the level of signifiance (P<0.05).
2nd, the selection of scion is that on the basis of Germplasm Resource Investigation, the excellent plant of selection fancy points is as adopting fringe
Elite stand, uses Kangding lily magnolia one, biennial branch to pick up from the wild flowering individuals in Kangding lily magnolia distributed area, in autumn then
Branch is gathered at the beginning of September, the annotinous branch that center section has substantial and full bud is have selected as far as possible, removes the leaf on branch
Piece, through liver moss wrapping moisturizing processing, the bubble chamber that freezing bottled water is paved with bottom is sealed up for safekeeping, takes back Experimental Base as 4 DEG C of ice
Case is preserved, with taking with connecing during grafting.
3rd, the grafting at the beginning of autumn September is selected, is determined after carrying out different time grafting contrast test.Selected in experiment
6 years straight raw Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu seedlings of healthy growth, no disease and pests harm, trunk end do stock, at the beginning of 3 months spring, mid-March, 3
Month last ten-days period and autumn September just, mid-September, late September carry out high stake Grafting Experiment, each 3 cells of processing, each cell is each
Management after 100 plants of grafting, grafting method and grafting used identical technical measures, in 30 days after grafting, statistics grafting into
Motility rate, as a result finds that the survival rate of early September in autumn grafting is significantly higher than the graft survival rate (P=of other times<0.05) (table
2).The same January, the survival rate of upper, middle and lower ten days grafting is there is also difference, and the survival rate of wherein 3 grafting times of spring is present
Significant difference, early March highest.The graft survival rate of early September is significantly higher than the middle ten days and the last ten days, difference between mid-September and the last ten-days period
Not significantly, it is optimal grafting time to illustrate early September.
The grafting survival rate average value and standard deviation of the different grafting times of table 2
Note:Different lowercases represent same seasonal the middle ten days and the last ten days graft survival rate difference up to the level of signifiance (P<0.05).
4th, in final-period management, when spring next year new slightly 35cm or so, the commodity using total nitrogen content 5% or so are organic
Fertile 3000kg/ha, draws on the basis of sufficient fertilizer test data analysis.Test and be respectively using total nitrogen content
2%th, 5%, 10% three nitrogen level organic commercial fertilizers, respectively according to 1000kg/ha, 3000kg/ha, 5000kg/ha's
The high village grafting of amount of application horizontal processing Kangding lily magnolia, and not apply fertilizer as control, totally 10 processing often handle 3 cells, often
After 40-50 plants of graftings of cell, the fertilising same day and fertilising 40d, Kangding lily magnolia grafting twig length and branch base portion are measured respectively
Diameter at 10cm, increment is represented with the difference between the two above healing position.Comparative analysis illustrates (table 3), in the identical bar of dose
Under part, in during the organic fertilizer of nitrogen level (total nitrogen content 5%) Kangding lily magnolia height of seedling and height growth obviously higher than it
Its Fertilizer Combinations (p<0.05), in middle nitrogen level organic fertilizer group, and with 3000kg/ha usage amount levels, to Kangding lily magnolia grafting
The Seedling height and Stem nematode facilitation effect of seedling are the most obvious.Therefore in fertilising to promote Kangding lily magnolia seedling growth, while maintaining simultaneously
When improving the fertility of soil, the organic fertilizer of middle nitrogen level (total nitrogen content 5%) is preferred, dose 3000kg/ha.
Each fertilizer treatment Kangding lily magnolia height of seedling of table 3 and ground diameter total increment average value and standard deviation
Note:CK:Control.Different lowercases represent the observation under different total nitrogen content fertilizer Different Fertilization horizontal processings
The level of signifiance (P is reached with CK differences<0.05).
Some preferred embodiments of invention have shown and described in described above, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not
Form disclosed herein is confined to, the exclusion to other embodiment is not to be taken as, and available for various other combinations, modification
And environment, and can be carried out in invention contemplated scope described herein by the technology or knowledge of above-mentioned teaching or association area
Change., then all should be in the appended power of invention and the change and change that those skilled in the art are carried out do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention
In the protection domain that profit is required.
Claims (8)
1. the high stake stem grafting method of a kind of Kangding lily magnolia, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) selection and cultivation of stock：Growth selection health, tree body are tall and big, trunk leads to straight, smooth-barked stock；
2) scion is chosen：Kangding lily magnolia one, the branch of biennial, the abundant substantial full axillary bud of ripe, tool are selected as scion,
The blade on branch is cut, retains petiole, moisturizing is wrapped up through liver moss, the bubble chamber that the same day is paved with freezing bottled water by bottom is encapsulated
It is placed in the preservation of 4 DEG C of refrigerators with transporting back grafting, with taking with connecing during grafting；
3) grafting：Using high stake grafting, 3 scion of every plant of stock grafting are sawed-off by stock, fracture scabbled, in 3 directions of fracture
Along the vertical incision 2.5-3.0cm of forming layer, the wide 0.5-0.8cm of tangent plane, 0.5- above xylem, axillary bud is slightly revealed at tangent plane center
Cutting at 0.8cm, chamfers in scion axillary bud to downward at side-lower 0.5cm, after xylem, vertically downward sliding cutting, tangent plane
Long 3.0-3.5cm, is cutting above axillary bud at 0.5-0.8cm, after the alignment of stock scion otch forming layer is combined closely, with width
4.0cm grafting membrane colligation is fixed；
4) managing after grafting：I.e. inspection in 10 days survives situation after grafting, to the plant of grafting survival, carries out within 20 days after grafting
Once lighten restrictions on, release lashings within 45 days after grafting, timely weeding, stock rudiment of erasing in time is carried out insect pest preventing and controlling and poured water
Work.
2. the high stake engrafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in selected stock
For Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 6-15cm.
3. the high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in the scion
For field acquisition, acquisition time is autumn then by the end of August at the beginning of September, and selection Kangding lily magnolia all one's life, fully ripe, tool enrich full
The branch of full axillary bud is used as scion.
4. the top grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in the grafting
Time is early September in autumn.
5. the top grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in grafting in institute
State stock sawed-off high stake of formation at 1.5-1.8m.
6. the high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in grafting after it is empty
Gas relative humidity is maintained at 75%-80%, and control soil relative water content is maintained at less than 80%.
7. the high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in grafting survival
When spring next year new slightly length is 35cm afterwards, using the organic fertilizer 3000kg/ha of total nitrogen content 5%.
8. the high stake stem grafting method of Kangding lily magnolia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in grafting survival
Pour a water after late October, untill irrigating, to the rudiment of spring next year before rewater, filled in good time according to rain fall later
Water, rainy season notes draining.
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| CN110839427B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | High-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata |
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