CN107143856A - A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven - Google Patents
A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107143856A CN107143856A CN201710192797.3A CN201710192797A CN107143856A CN 107143856 A CN107143856 A CN 107143856A CN 201710192797 A CN201710192797 A CN 201710192797A CN 107143856 A CN107143856 A CN 107143856A
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- Prior art keywords
- pyrolysis
- electron wastes
- furnace body
- pyrolysis oven
- tugboat
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven, it includes pyrolysis furnace body, combustion system, transmission system and electric control system;The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, and the burner of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with charging aperture, and stove tail is provided with discharging opening, and burner to region between stove tail is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, soaking zone and cooling section;The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is provided with closing pyrolysis furnace body heating supporting plate;The transmission system includes endless-belt and tugboat group, and the two ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, and ascender is erected on heating supporting plate;The combustion system is arranged on the pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone;The electron wastes pyrolysis oven has low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance, can automatically continuously handled, and is particularly suitable for use in electron wastes processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pyrolysis oven, more particularly to a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven belongs to electron wastes resource
Recycle and reuse field.
Background technology
The epoch developed rapidly at present on the occasion of electronics and information industry, increasing pending electron wastes are that industry is anxious
The problem of need to solving.Useless solid different from ordinary hazard, electron wastes have resource and dangerous double grading, therefore, electricity concurrently
The recycling safe handling of sub- discarded object is the focus of industry concern.At present, the available " number of the disposal status of China's electron wastes
Amount is huge, be worth it is high, backward in technique, seriously polluted " summarize, various treatment technology levels ginsengs time are uneven, wherein be pyrolyzed skill
Art receives the extensive concern and favorable comment of industry.
The key equipment of electron wastes pyrolysis processing is pyrolysis oven, is gone back at present specifically designed for the pyrolysis oven of electron wastes
It is rarely reported.Electron wastes pyrolysis oven is different from mainly producing in other general industry stoves, electron wastes pyrolytic process
Pyrolysis oil, gas product and solid slag etc., are related to the control of atmosphere in the recovery of the recyclings such as pyrolysis oil, gas and stove, and relate to
And pyrolysis oil, the purified treatment of gas product and recycling, it is difficult to using traditional pyrolysis oven, particularly traditional heat
Solution stove can not realize the continuous operation of pyrolytic process, therefore, develop a kind of low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance and automatic continuous operation
Pyrolysis oven be urgent problem to be solved.
It is flammable that Chinese patent (publication number CN105509062A, 2016.01.20) discloses a kind of multi-functional danger of full size
Solid waste continuous pyrolysis incineration disposal, its structure includes feeder, pulley by feed hopper, pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis gas cigarette
Road, combustion furnace, G-L air heat exchangers, chilled absorbing tower, by-pass flue, chimney outlet, cat ladder, activated carbon storage tank, chimney;
It has the dangerous flammable of certain calorific value using the dangerous electronic apparatus class of pyrolytic incineration technical finesse, medical class and organic etc.
Solid waste, pyrolysis and high temperature incineration technical optimization are combined, cryogenic gas and high-temperature fusion combined, by discarded object
Burning be divided into the pyrolysis-step of premix-burning three and carry out, realize pyrolytic incineration, energy regenerating and gas cleaning composite technology flow
And process conditions, forward-looking, the innoxious protrusion of integrated artistic, significantly, material applicability is extensive, mistake for volume reduction and recycling
It is not related to hazardous reaction medium and poisonous and harmful solvent in journey.Encapsulation process is not implemented in pyrolysis oven in the program, in aerobic environment
Organic component in middle electron wastes has the chilling bioxin decomposing scheme in the generation of dioxin pollutant, scheme, behaviour
Make difficulty big, precision is low;In addition, the pyrolysis oven in the program is without material conveying device, poor continuity, the pyrolysis cycle is long, stove
Inefficiency.
The content of the invention
The defect existed for prior art, the purpose of the present invention be intended to provide a kind of low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance,
The pyrolysis oven of electron wastes can automatically continuously be handled.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention provides a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven, the pyrolysis oven includes heat
Solve furnace body, combustion system, transmission system and electric control system;The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, the pyrolysis furnace body
Burner be provided with charging aperture, stove tail is provided with discharging opening, and burner to region between stove tail is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, insulation
Section and cooling section;The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is provided with closing pyrolysis furnace body heating supporting plate;The transmission system includes annular
Belt and tugboat group, the two ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, and ascender is erected on heating supporting plate;The combustion
Burning system is arranged on the pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone.
The electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the present invention is specially designed mainly for electron wastes.Heat based on electron wastes
Product is solved mainly comprising pyrolysis oil/gas, cracking carbon, metal and glass fibre etc., it is contemplated that pyrolysis oil, the recycling of gas product are returned
The control of atmosphere is, it is necessary to ensure the good sealing of pyrolysis oven, while in view of pyrolysis oil, the purification of gas product in receipts and stove
Reason and recycling, need to avoid combustion tail gas from introducing and have a negative impact;And existing pyrolysis oven is really realized continuously
Change operation, equipment capacity is low and complex operation, and low to the pyrolysis efficiency of electron wastes.The present invention is by using horizontal chamber furnace (oven) knot
Close belt drive unit, realize the continuous pyrolysis of electron wastes, raising can production capacity, simplify technique;By in charging aperture
Double-deck push-pull valve is set with discharging opening, while using supporting plate closing pyrolysis furnace body is heated, realizing and being pyrolyzed in closed system, had
Beneficial to the recovery for stablizing furnace atmosphere and pyrolysis oil gas;By setting different warm areas along material direction of transfer, material is realized
Preheating, cracking and cooling procedure be carried out continuously, realize high-efficiency thermal decomposition;By the way that combustion chamber is separated with pyrolysis furnace body,
It can effectively prevent combustion tail gas to pyrolysis oil, the influence of gas.
It is preferred that scheme, the charging aperture is provided with double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve.
It is preferred that scheme, the discharging opening is provided with double-deck discharging push-pull valve.
The electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the present invention is provided with double-deck push-pull valve, double-deck charging aperture in charging aperture and discharging opening
Push-pull valve is by electric control system by programming Control, and double-deck discharging opening push-pull valve is automatically controlled by operated pneumatic valve, charging aperture and
Good seal performance in pyrolysis furnace body can be effectively ensured in the double-deck push-pull valve of discharging opening, be conducive to maintaining the atmosphere in stove, together
When be also beneficial to pyrolysis oil, the recovery of gas.
It is preferred that scheme, be provided with pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the region of the preheating section, pyrolysis gas outlet connection pyrolysis gas is net
Change system.Pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged on to the top in preheating section region, making full use of the waste heat of pyrolysis oil, gas will enter from feeding mouth
The raw material entered in pyrolysis oven is preheated, and can substantially reduce the energy consumption in follow-up cracking process, while pyrolysis oil, the temperature of gas
It is reduced, is conducive to follow-up pyrolysis oil, the separation and recovery of gas.
It is preferred that scheme, the tugboat group include active tugboat and driven tugboat;The active tugboat is arranged on stove tail position
Put, driven tugboat is arranged on burner position.Active tugboat is driven by motor, drives endless-belt operation, driven tugboat collaboration fortune
Turn.By setting tugboat group and endless-belt, the material realized into pyrolysis oven is back to back.And the operating rate of belt can
By motor control, to be conducive to controlling the carry out degree of pyrolytic reaction.
It is preferred that scheme, charging aperture is preferably provided distribution device, material is more equally distributed on belt.
More preferably scheme, the driven tugboat is arranged on the tensioning dolly of burner.Tensioning dolly can use counterweight
Tension mode, the setting of tensioning dolly can guarantee that endless belt conveyer by constant tension force so that belt is unlikely to expanded by heating
And relax, endless-belt is constantly in tensioned state, advantageously ensure that the normal operation of conveyer belt.
It is preferred that scheme, whole heating supporting plate plays a part of sealed pyrolysis furnace body.Heating support at the top of combustion system
Plate is used to conduct heat and support endless-belt, and its one side has heat transmission function, can assemble the heat of the release of combustion chamber, uniform to dissipate
Cloth is uniformly heated material to the material on endless-belt, on the other hand also acts as the effect of support endless-belt, prevents
Belt is deformed under material gravity effect, at the same heat supporting plate can play combustion system and pyrolysis oven pyrolysis section and soaking zone it
Between cut-off effect, will pyrolysis furnace body separated with combustion chamber, prevent combustion product gases to pyrolysis oil/gas influence.The heating
Supporting plate is silicon carbide material, and combustion system is conducted to endless-belt to electronics to heating supporting plate heating, heat by heating supporting plate
Discarded object is uniformly heated.
More preferably scheme, the combustion system includes two independent combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II, is separately positioned on heat
Solve the pyrolysis section of furnace body and the underface of soaking zone.Combustion chamber I mainly gives pyrolysis section heat supply, material is carried out pyrolytic reaction,
Combustion chamber II mainly gives soaking zone heat supply, to carry out insulation concurrent heating to material.
It is preferred that scheme, be each provided with some groups of burners inside the combustion chamber I and the combustion chamber II.The burning
Device is energy-saving radiant tube burner.Burner in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II is independently controlled by electrical system.Burning
Room I and combustion chamber II are each provided with combustion product gases outlet, and combustion product gases outlet passes through pipeline respectively by combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II
Extend at the top of pyrolysis oven.Combustion product gases outlet sets air heat exchanger, is exchanged heat, is obtained after heat exchange by inputting cold air
Hot-air introduce combustion chamber be used as combustion-supporting gas.
It is preferred that scheme, the outer wall of the cooling section is provided with some groups of cooling jackets, is mainly used in dropping material
Temperature cooling.
It is preferred that scheme, double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve, double-deck discharging push-pull valve, active tugboat and burner are by electrical control system
System.Electrical system is automatically controlled using PLC programmings.
It is preferred that scheme, charging aperture be provided with feeding platform, be conducive to continuous charging.
It is preferred that scheme, the endless-belt use SUS310S materials, its heat resistance and good heat conductivity, be conducive to thing
Expect thermally equivalent, reduce energy loss.
Compared with the prior art, the good effect that technical scheme is brought:
1) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is disposed with preheating section, pyrolysis section, insulation along material direction of transfer
Section and cooling section, are reasonably distributed in-furnace temperature, are conducive to the abundant pyrolytic process of electron wastes, with low-carbon high-efficiency;
2) electron wastes pyrolysis oven feed inlet and outlet of the invention is provided with double-deck push-pull valve, while using heating supporting plate pair
Pyrolysis oven sealed bottom, it is ensured that atmosphere in the good sealing property of stove and stove, is conducive to pyrolysis oil, the recovery of gas and synthesis
Change and utilize;
3) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is by using horizontal chamber furnace (oven), while endless-belt and tugboat component are provided with,
The automatic continuous turnover of material is realized, device capbility is improved, simplifies processing step;
4) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention realizes combustion chamber and pyrolysis furnace body cut-off, can effectively prevent burning
Influence of the tail gas to pyrolysis oil/gas;
5) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention can be reclaimed to the waste heat of the combustion tail gas of combustion chamber by heat exchange,
The waste heat recovery of cooling section condensing hot air furnace, and the waste heat of pyrolysis oil/gas are used for preheating material, realize the circulation profit of energy
With;
6) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is provided with tugboat group and tensioning dolly, by setting tensioning dolly can guarantee that
Endless belt conveyer is by constant tension force so that belt is unlikely to expanded by heating and relaxed, and is constantly in endless-belt and tightens
State, advantageously ensures that the normal operation of conveyer belt;
7) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention by set heating supporting plate not only ensure that efficiently, uniformly transfer heat, make
Material high-efficiency is pyrolyzed, and is also acted as support endless-belt and is sealed the effect of body of heater, prevents belt from being deformed under material gravity effect,
The cut-off effect between combustion system and the pyrolysis section and soaking zone of pyrolysis oven can be played by heating supporting plate simultaneously, increase pyrolysis oven
Seal.
8) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention realizes full-automatic operation, is conducive to work by electric control system
Industry metaplasia is produced.
Brief description of the drawings
【Fig. 1】For the pyrolysis of waste stove of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is tensioning dolly, and 2 be driven tugboat, and 3 be the double-deck push-pull valve of charging, and 4 be charging aperture, and 5 be endless-belt,
6 be pyrolysis gas outlet, and 7 be preheating section, and 8 be combustion product gases outlet, and 9 be burner, and 10 be pyrolysis section, and 11 be combustion chamber I, and 12 are
Furnace body is pyrolyzed, 13 be heating supporting plate, and 14 be soaking zone, and 15 be combustion chamber II, and 16 be electric control system, and 17 be cooling section,
18 be cooling jacket, and 19 be motor, and 20 be active tugboat, and 21 be discharging opening, and 22 be double-deck discharging push-pull valve;23 be that cloth is filled
Put.
Embodiment
Following examples are intended to further illustrate present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, rather than limit the claims in the present invention
Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
The electron wastes pyrolysis furnace structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1:Electron wastes pyrolysis furnace main body includes pyrolysis oven
Body of heater 12, combustion system, transmission system and electric control system 16.The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, the pyrolysis furnace body
Burner be provided with charging aperture 4, stove tail is provided with discharging opening 21, and burner to region between stove tail is divided into preheating section 7, pyrolysis section
10th, soaking zone 14 and cooling section 17.The charging aperture of burner is provided with double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve 3 and feeding platform, and charging aperture is additionally provided with
Distribution device 23 (such as porous plate).The preheating section region for being pyrolyzed furnace body is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet 6 at the top of body of heater.Pyrolysis section and
It is respectively equipped with immediately below soaking zone in combustion chamber I 11 and combustion chamber II 15, combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II and is respectively equipped with some groups
Burner 9, burner is energy-saving radiant tube burner.The cooling section region for being pyrolyzed furnace body is provided with multigroup cold outside body of heater
But water jacket 18.The discharging opening of stove tail is provided with double-deck discharging push-pull valve 22.The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is provided with closing pyrolysis oven stove
Body heats supporting plate 13.The transmission system includes endless-belt 5 and tugboat group, and the tugboat group includes active tugboat 20 and driven
Tugboat 2;The active tugboat is arranged on stove tail position, and driven tugboat is arranged on burner position.The endless-belt is erected at master
On dynamic tugboat and driven tugboat;The driven tugboat is arranged on the tensioning dolly of burner, and nervous dolly is tensed by weight, main
Dynamic tugboat is driven by motor 19, and motor is run and speed governing by electrical system control.The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body in burner and
Stove tail two ends are respectively equipped with the slit only passed through for endless-belt, and endless-belt passes in and out pyrolysis oven through slit, endless-belt
Ascender is erected on heating supporting plate, and combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II are separately positioned on the heating below pyrolysis section and soaking zone
The heat that burner in supporting plate bottom, combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II is produced is absorbed by heating supporting plate, then is uniformly sent to annular
Belt, makes the material thermally equivalent on endless-belt.Burner in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II is independent by electric control system
Control opening and closing and quantity combusted;Combustion product gases are exported by 7 combustion product gases and discharged after heat exchanger carries out pre- recuperation of heat, heat exchanger
Gained hot blast is combustion-supporting to 6 burners as combustion air.Double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve, double-deck discharging push-pull valve, active tugboat and burning
Device is by electric control system independent control.
The process of electron wastes is handled using electron wastes pyrolysis oven:Electron wastes material is fed by charging aperture
Platform, the double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve of charging aperture automatically controls open and close by electric control system, makes electron wastes material continuous
Into in pyrolysis oven, electron wastes material is dispersed on endless-belt after material uniform device is uniform, and endless-belt exists
Under the driving of tugboat group, electron wastes material is delivered to the preheating zone in pyrolysis furnace body, electron wastes material and pyrolysis
The pyrolysis oil/gas contact that section is produced carries out heat exchange, material is preheated to certain temperature, electron wastes material is delivered to heat again
Section is solved, cracking reaction is carried out in pyrolysis section, high temperature pyrolysis oil/gas is produced, high temperature pyrolysis oil/gas enters preheating section and newly entered
Electron wastes material is carried out after cooling after heat exchange, pyrolysis oven is discharged from pyrolysis gas outlet, into pyrolysis gas recovery system;Electricity
Sub- discarded object material continues on to heat preservation zone, and uncracked complete electron wastes material has further been cracked in heat preservation zone
Entirely, the slag charge conveying cooling zone of formation, by the waste heat of condensing hot air furnace high-temperature material, finally enters discharging opening, is gone out by bilayer
Material push-pull valve automatically controls discharging, and discharging can be used for reclaiming metal.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven, it is characterised in that:
Including pyrolysis furnace body, combustion system, transmission system and electric control system;
The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, and the burner of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with charging aperture, and stove tail is provided with discharging opening,
Burner to region between stove tail is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, soaking zone and cooling section;
The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is provided with closing pyrolysis furnace body heating supporting plate;
The transmission system includes endless-belt and tugboat group, and the two ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, ascending part
Divide and be erected on heating supporting plate;
The combustion system is arranged on the pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone.
2. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The charging aperture is inserted provided with double-deck charging
Plate valve;The discharging opening is provided with double-deck discharging push-pull valve.
3. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The charging aperture is provided with distribution device.
4. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is provided with the top of the region of the preheating section
Pyrolysis gas outlet.
5. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The tugboat group include active tugboat and
Driven tugboat;The active tugboat is arranged on stove tail position, and driven tugboat is arranged on burner position.
6. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The driven tugboat is arranged on burner
It is tensioned on dolly.
7. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The combustion system includes two independences
Combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II, be separately positioned on pyrolysis furnace body pyrolysis section and soaking zone underface.
8. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The combustion chamber I and the combustion chamber
Some groups of burners are each provided with inside II.
9. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:If the outer wall of the cooling section is provided with
Dry group cooling jacket.
10. the electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to any one of claim 1~9, it is characterised in that:Double-deck material-feeding plugboard
Valve, double-deck discharging push-pull valve, active tugboat and burner are by electric control system.
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