CN105509062A - Continuous pyrolysis incineration device for full-scale electronic and electrical product waste - Google Patents
Continuous pyrolysis incineration device for full-scale electronic and electrical product waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509062A CN105509062A CN201610036393.0A CN201610036393A CN105509062A CN 105509062 A CN105509062 A CN 105509062A CN 201610036393 A CN201610036393 A CN 201610036393A CN 105509062 A CN105509062 A CN 105509062A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/102—Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/20—Medical materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50204—Waste pre-treatment by pyrolysis, gasification or cracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
- F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/60—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous pyrolysis incineration device for full-scale electronic and electrical product waste. The continuous pyrolysis incineration device structurally comprises a feeder, a pulley feed hopper, a pyrolysis gasifier, a pyrolysis gas flue, a combustion furnace, a G-L air heat exchanger, a quenching absorption tower, a bypass flue, a chimney exhaust port, a cat ladder, an activated carbon storage tank and a chimney. The continuous pyrolysis incineration device has the advantages that dangerous electronic and electrical product waste, medical waste, organic waste and other kinds of dangerous combustible solid waste with a certain heat value are treated through a pyrolysis incineration technology, pyrolysis and high-temperature incineration technologies are combined in an optimized mode, low-temperature gas and high-temperature melt are combined together, waste incineration is conducted in the steps of pyrolysis, premixing and incineration, the synthetic technological process and technological conditions of pyrolysis incineration, energy recovery and flue gas cleaning are achieved and have perspectiveness, the overall technology has the outstanding harmless characteristic, compatibility and resourcezation are remarkable, material applicability is high, no hazardous reaction medium or poisonous and harmful solvent is involved in the process, and nature greenization can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator and burning
Process, belongs to flammability hazard disposition of solid waste and incineration technology field.
Background technology
Electronic apparatus castoff heat process recovery technology mainly contains burning, pyrolysis, gasification and Vacuum Heat and disposes, and pyrolytic incineration technology is at first for the treatment of solid radiation discarded object.At present, the research and development of pyrolytic incineration technology and equipment are mainly for Biohazard Waste.Pyrolytic incineration technology also rarely has report for the treatment of electronic apparatus discarded object.Therefore, be necessary to carry out deeply detailed research to the pyrolysis of electronic apparatus discarded object when larger inventory and incinerator ashes, analyze discarded object composition, material characteristic, pyrolytical condition to the affecting laws of pyrolysis, burning and product, set up comparatively perfect system for pyrolyzing and burning, seek technological process and the optimum operating condition of electronic apparatus pyrolysis of waste burning disposal.
In pyrolysis oven ash discharge system, the conventional slag-tapping system of domestic continuous pyrolysis incinerator adopts moving grate and water seal mucking machine form.Without break function, there is coking situation once lime-ash in the moving grate wherein adopted, at all cannot slag dumping; Slag tap and adopt water seal scraper plate to slag tap, when lime-ash produces bulk situation, often occur the situation of getting stuck, part lime-ash is lake pulpous state after falling into water seal simultaneously, produces this secondary pollution problem of waste water simultaneously.
In pyrolysis oven ignition system, during general continuous pyrolysis incinerator igniting, adopting gas generator sparking mode, namely adopt manual firing, light rear closedown fire door, simultaneously continuous charging, allowing refuse pyrolysis gasify by controlling air blast.This ignition operation bothers very much, and often causes directly naked light burning in stove, is difficult to control.
Conventional continuous pyrolysis incinerator is generally for Biohazard Waste, general quench tower outlet temperature automatic regulating system adopts quench pump to be frequency conversion, the chain control of the thermocouple installed is exported with quench tower, when outlet temperature is higher than design temperature, quench pump strengthens spray flux automatically, otherwise reduces spray flux.Adopt this technology, shortcoming is to ensure that atomizing effect is stablized.Because of atomizing lance be atomized time, need ensure that water route pressure mates with compressed air pressure, reduce when quench tower spray flux reduces revolution speed simultaneously, now water route pressure also reduces, and compressed air keep constant, therefore can cause atomization bad even likely can not atomizating phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention proposed is a kind of full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator, its objective is and utilize the dangerous electronic apparatus class of pyrolytic incineration technical finesse, medical treatment class and organic etc. have the dangerous flammable solid discarded object of certain calorific value, by pyrolysis and the combination of high temperature incineration technical optimization, cryogenic gas and high-temperature fusion are combined, the burning of discarded object is divided into pyrolysis-premix-burning three steps carries out, realize pyrolytic incineration, energy regenerating and gas cleaning composite technology flow process and process conditions, forward-looking, integrated artistic is innoxious outstanding, subtract capacitive and resource is remarkable, material applicability is extensive, hazardous reaction medium and poisonous and harmful solvent is not related in process, can realize " essential greenization ".
Technical solution of the present invention: full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator, its structure comprises feeder 1, pulley bucket 2, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, pyrolysis gas flue 4, combustion furnace 5, G-L air heat exchanger 6, chilled absorbing tower 7, just logical and by-pass flue 8, sack cleaner 9, pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform and cat ladder 10, active carbon storage tank 11, chimney 12, wherein, feeder 1 is adjacent with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 exists side by side, feed hopper 2 to be placed in above pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 and to be fixedly linked by mechanical part at the latter top, pyrolysis gas flue 4 one end is connected at the latter's top side position opening with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, one end is connected in the latter's open top with combustion furnace 5, pyrolysis gas flue 4 and combustion furnace 5 are existed side by side, pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform is connected position with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 in the middle with cat ladder 10, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 is connected with chilled absorbing tower 7 by G-L air heat exchanger 6, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 and chilled absorbing tower 7 are existed side by side, just leading to and with by-pass flue 8, chilled absorbing tower 7 is being connected with sack cleaner 9, chilled absorbing tower 7 and sack cleaner 9 are existed side by side, active carbon storage tank 11 is vertically connected with by-pass flue 8 with just logical in the middle part of the latter, sack cleaner 9 is connected at the latter lower end 1/3 place by oblique pipeline with chimney 12, sack cleaner 9 and chimney 12 are existed side by side.
Useful achievement of the present invention is:
1) pyrolytic gasification furnace gas temperature controls at 200-400 DEG C, slag central temperature can reach 800-1100 DEG C, organic waste can be changed into the combustible components such as combustible CO and CH4 and inorganic water vapour, sour gas and slag, after fuel gas enters mixing chamber, and tangentially enter
The air entered mixes the burning of rear feeding secondary chamber strongly, secondary chamber's exit gas temperature can reach 850-1100 DEG C, gas residence time 2-5s, in flue gas, organic matter is burnt completely, inhibit the generation of imperfect combustion product (tar, soot and carbon etc.) simultaneously, the object subtracting appearance can be reached, also cause condition for gas cleaning and lime-ash reclaim wound;
2) by configuring safe and reliable automatic feed system, energy-efficient auxiliary fuel jet burning system, the on-line monitoring system of the high-level cleaner of exploitation flue gas and dust, advanced automatic control system and operating condition, incineration temperature, firing efficiency can be ensured and destroy the indexs such as clearance by fire to reach the national Specification such as " danger wastes burns Environmental capacity standard " (GB18484-2001) and " danger wastes burns Environmental capacity standard " (GBKW2-1999 does not comprise the discharge standard of dioxin);
3) owing to taking thermal decomposition and different phase to control accurately in burning process, therefore the heat power engineering standard that engineering design operative norm specifies can be reached;
4) because pyrolysis oven burns under oxygen debt state, furnace air agitation strength is little, and therefore in flue gas, particle is few;
5) complete high-temperature oxidation process at secondary combustion chamber, organic matter is fully oxidized decomposition, and in flue gas, organic gas content is extremely low;
6) because discarded object is through high-temp combustion, hardly containing organic matter in residue;
7) residue volume and weight is less than former solid waste 3-5%(and does not comprise former inorganic matter), organic removal rate reaches 99.9%, greatly can reduce follow-up slag treatment cost;
8) the different discarded object of various composition can carry out combustion stability simultaneously;
9) combustion system safety, can effectively suppress the noxious materials such as bioxin to generate in burning process;
10) discarded object must not sort and once drop into, and improves operating efficiency and working environment;
11) pyrolysis oven and dual firing chamber run and carry out overall-in-one control schema, not only ensure the safe combustion of discarded object but also discarded object self heat is excited completely, reduce operating cost;
12) to discarded object external form size wide adaptability, especially outstanding advantage is had more to large part discarded object; 13) discarded object static gasification, burning in stove, dust generation is little, greatly alleviates the load of follow-up tail gas clean-up process;
14) adopt automatic lifting to feed intake, greatly reduce the touch opportunity of discarded object and operating personnel, ensure that the physical safety of employee, significantly reduce operation labour intensity simultaneously;
15) automatically regulate air capacity and burner combustion state, make dual firing chamber's exit gas temperature reach designing requirement;
16) G-L heat exchanger can realize supplementary hot wind for combustion supporting, abundant UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN; When quench tower atomization cooling ties up to intensification, when normally running, residual burning time all can realize automatic operation; Sack cleaner can realize removing flue gas small particles dust effectively automatically; Active carbon injection apparatus effectively can adsorb harmful substances from flue gases; When equipment all puts into operation, chimney is without black smoke.
This device can design the technical modules such as novel pyrolytic, burning and fume treatment in addition, can merge, can transform, upgrade and replace with existing design module.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator.
Accompanying drawing 2 is pyrolysis oven and incinerator structure and connection diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is chilling automatic regulating system connection diagrams.
Detailed description of the invention
Contrast Fig. 1, full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator, its structure comprises feeder 1, feed hopper 2, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, pyrolysis gas flue 4, combustion furnace 5, G-L air heat exchanger 6, chilled absorbing tower 7, just logical and by-pass flue 8, sack cleaner 9 pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform and cat ladder 10, active carbon storage tank 11, chimney 12, wherein, feeder 1 is adjacent with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 exists side by side, feed hopper 2 to be placed in above pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 and to be fixedly linked by mechanical part at the latter top, pyrolysis gas flue 4 one end is connected at the latter's top side position opening with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, one end is connected in the latter's open top with combustion furnace 5, pyrolysis gas flue 4 and combustion furnace 5 are existed side by side, pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform is connected position with pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 in the middle with cat ladder 10, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 is connected with chilled absorbing tower 7 by G-L air heat exchanger 6, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 and chilled absorbing tower 7 are existed side by side, just leading to and with by-pass flue 8, chilled absorbing tower 7 is being connected with sack cleaner 9, chilled absorbing tower 7 and sack cleaner 9 are existed side by side, active carbon storage tank 11 is vertically connected with by-pass flue 8 with just logical in the middle part of the latter, sack cleaner 9 is connected at the latter lower end 1/3 place by oblique pipeline with chimney 12, sack cleaner 9 and chimney 12 are existed side by side.
The process that continuous pyrolysis burns, comprises
(1) by feeder 1 top pulley, feed hopper 2 is down in the groove of ground, open the lid that feeds intake, required quantitatively discarded object is loaded in feed hopper, again by feeder 1 top pulley, feed hopper 2 is risen to pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 top end opening, material containing is dropped into pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, also by pyrolysis oven operating platform and cat ladder 10 manually reinforced or feed supplement, till usually filling;
(2) after discarded object enters pyrolytic gasification body of heater 3,
1) first start air-introduced machine prepurge, automatically start pressure fan simultaneously;
2) after combustion furnace difference gauge display reading reaches setting, regnition burner starts, dual firing chamber's temperature sharply rises, until temperature reach 550-660 DEG C interval time, a combustion room diesel ignition burner is started working, and successively starts exhaust blower and pressure fan, air heater hot-air pre-heating furnace temperature is used by body of heater pyrolytic incineration after 100-200 DEG C, now combustion position is switched to high combustion state, and " igniting instruction " after lamp is bright, pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 starts firing up;
(3) when observe in stove have flame to occur time, quantitative construction materials contract is added again every 10-30min, according to pyrolysis gasification furnace pressure reduction and pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, combustion furnace 5 temperature rising situation, at set intervals primary air flow and secondary air flow are adjusted in parameter and limit, observe flame conditions, if burning is normal, turns off igniter, and in parameter area, adjust primary air flow and secondary air flow;
(4) furnace temperature is stable rises to setting running temperature, and burner quits work automatically, and by systematic evaluation to automatic operation conditions, later process is Automatic Control process;
(5) when combustion furnace 5 combustion chamber temperature reaches 800-900 DEG C first, in a combustion room, material pyrolytic reaction tends towards stability gradually, enters the stabilization sub stage; Flammable solid discarded object passes through drying, pyrolysis, burns, burns Four processes in pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, be cracked into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis Jiao, pyrolysis burnt pyrolysis oven 3 in and in First air oxygen reaction burns, lighted by igniter after entering that combustion furnace 5 is interior by rubbish gap, upper strata and pyrolysis gas flue 4 fully mix with supplementary air with tangential direction after combustible pyrolysis gas and Secondary Air mixing;
(6) through 4-6h pyrolytic process, in stove, pyrolysis gas reduces gradually, by pyrolysis oven operating platform and cat ladder 10, discarded object in pyrolysis oven can be observed gradually start to enter residual burning process, pyrolysis oven outlet temperature is stabilization sub stage and residual burning stage critical-temperature when being reduced to 80 DEG C gradually, until burning terminates, the pyrolysis gas simultaneously produced is after combustion furnace 5 dual firing chamber high-temp combustion, after burning, high-temperature flue gas is first through G-L air heat exchanger 6, flue-gas temperature is cooled to 500-600 DEG C, recyclable 60-80 DEG C of hot water is for routine use simultaneously, or utilize equipment with no pressure will produce water vapour automatic-discharging,
(7) utilize fume afterheat to blast dry air to air blast and be heated to 100 DEG C, after preliminary cooling, high-temperature flue gas enters sack cleaner 9, removing flue gas small particles dust again by positive smoke uptake and by-pass flue and active carbon storage tank 11;
(8) flue gas enters and adopts NaOH solution as the chilled absorbing tower 7 of absorbent, within reaching flue gas cooling 1s and depickling object;
(9) the atomization alkali lye of tower fully contacts with flue gas, is chilled to less than 200 DEG C to flue gas, checks bioxin and produces, use 5%Na simultaneously
2cO
3solution, pH value remains on more than 8 and carries out drip washing, fully can neutralize absorption to HCl, SOx, NOx acidic materials in flue gas;
(10) powder is discharged in pipeline through discharge valve by pulverized limestone and active carbon injection apparatus 11 respectively, fully mixes under Pneumatic action with flue gas, utilizes potential dioxins materials in the adsorbable flue gas of active carbon porous;
(11) the potential acidic materials of pulverized limestone Absorbable rod flue gas are utilized, ground caustic and sour gas react generation inorganic salts further, after cooling depickling, flue gas enters the pole fine dusts existed in pulsed jet cloth filter removing flue gas, and activated carbon powder and ground caustic and can absorb the acid ingredient, heavy metal and the dioxins materials that contain in flue gas in filter bag surface is further simultaneously;
(12) flue gas moisture in cyclone defroster device separating flue again, alleviate chimney band water discharge phenomenon, last flue gas is through chimney qualified discharge under air-introduced machine effect, and in pyrolysis oven, discarded object is burnt rear residue and taken out by ash discharging gear.
Contrast accompanying drawing 2, pyrolysis oven and incinerator structure, comprise pyrolysis body of heater 3, be rotation grate 14, furnace wall arranges scraper 15, push-pull valve 16, airtight ash bucket 17, close combustor two blow-on door 18, electronic proportion adjustment butterfly valve 19, feeding system charge door 21, wherein, rotate grate 14, scraper 15, push-pull valve 16 and ash bucket 17 are positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 body, charge door 20 is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 top center, exhanst gas outlet 21 is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 top side position, two blow-on door 18 is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 middle and upper part, electric control valve 19 is independent of being connected at conical surface place, bottom with it by pipeline outside pyrolysis gasification furnace 3, rotate grate 14 to be connected in the middle with pyrolysis gasification furnace with cone-shaped top surface form, scraper 15 to be positioned in the middle part of pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 and to flush with rotation grate, push-pull valve 16 is connected by mechanical part with ash bucket 17.
During work, drop into quantitative discarded object by feeding system charge door 21, carry out follow-up pyrolysis and incineration disposal; At pyrolysis gasification furnace 3 port, adopt and rotate the dry type that combines of grate 14, push-pull valve 16 and airtight ash bucket 17 and to slag tap mode, rotate grate 14 and adopt ash-pan and the combination of grey cap, eccentric orfice on ash-pan is double does ash-falling hole and air supply hole use, and eccentric orfice diameter 0.35-0.55m, there will not be ventilative not good phenomenon, furnace wall arranges scraper 15 simultaneously, when slagging tap in rotary course, rotating, can extrude bulk lime-ash, fragmentation; Ash dropping hopper is arranged push-pull valve 16, it is open mode when push-pull valve normally runs, when needs open airtight ash bucket 17 observe lime-ash situation time, push-pull valve cuts out, can prevent pyrolysis body of heater from occurring leaking out and gas leakage situation, can ensure that equipment runs continuously equally, fall into the lime-ash of airtight ash bucket 17 after air blast cooling, be convenient to collect and research use, produce without sewage; Through charging, pyrolysis, burning, heat exchange, purification, cooling, use and after the process procedure such as demist, discharging finally producing gaseous products, being discharged by chimney again.
Contrast accompanying drawing 3, chilling automatic regulating system and chilled absorbing tower, its structure comprises quench pump 22, pneumatic proportional control valve 23, bypass line 24, spray gun 24, wherein quench pump 22 connects one end of pneumatic proportional control valve 23, bypass line 24 respectively, another termination spray gun 25 of pneumatic proportional control valve 23, bypass line 24;
During work, export adopt temperature automatic adjustment system at quench tower 22, quench pump 22 is stopped to adopt frequency conversion, avoids affecting water route pressure, changes into and arrange pneumatic proportional control valve 23 on water route, and pneumatic proportional control valve 23 arranges bypass line 24 simultaneously; During normal operation, bypass line 24 is suitably opened, and remains low discharge, and other water yield is by pneumatic proportional control valve 23 and quench pump 22 temperature automatic adjustment; The valve opening of pneumatic proportional control valve 23 is by PLC auto-adjustment control, and valve opening adjustable range is by 0-100%; Chilling automatic regulating system W-response is sensitive, can realize automation completely, and can ensure that spray gun 25 atomizing effect is stablized, and whole structure is better than electric control valve.
The present invention adopts AB pyrolysis oven sparking mode, first rubbish in stove is filled it up with to correct position before igniting, and close two blow-on doors fire about about the 5min of combustor, combustor fire door exits, and closes another airtight fire door simultaneously, then opens air feed control valve; This fire door adopts double-open type fire door, and a fan is combustor fire door, and a fan is airtight fire door, all arranges groove asbestos seal, without gas leak phenomenon inside door; Air feed control valve adopts electronic proportion adjustment butterfly valve simultaneously, and how many wind supply quantities is by PLC by-pass valve control aperture.
Real yardstick and full size, its overall profile is of a size of: long (15-25) m × (5-15) m × (5-10) m, chimney (aiutage) is (15-25) m highly.
Pyrolysis gasification furnace is made up of feeding device, double-gate feed arrangement, body of heater and ash discharging gear three part, body of heater is vertical cylinder, material is carbon steel and liner aluminous refractory, arranges igniter, furnace roof water seal explosion venting device, arranges the ash discharging gear such as revolving grate and flue-dust retainer; Automatic charging and feed arrangement comprise tipping bucket feeder (0.70-0.80kW), guide rail, hoist engine, hopper, double-gate (0.30-0.40) kW etc.; When pyrolysis oven burns, in stove, theoretical thermal technology's Distribution Value is: the superiors' drying layer (420 DEG C), second layer pyrolytic layer (500 DEG C), third layer burning zone (850 DEG C), the 4th layer of after-burning layer (600 DEG C) and layer 5 podzolic horizon (250 DEG C).
Combustion furnace material is carbon steel and liner aluminous refractory, arranges igniter and explosion proof door (furnace roof); Before charging, furnace temperature preheating can reach 800-900 DEG C; The mixability of employing high pressure porous benefit wind strengthening Secondary Air and pyrolysis gas and mixing rate are to improve burning condition; In normal operation, furnace temperature generally remains on (800-1100) DEG C, the time of staying >=(2-5) s, can ensure that pyrolysis gas burns completely; Adopt the smooth combustion of Full-automatic temperature control realization, CO concentration can be made at below 500ppm; Oxygen content detector is set, guarantees that in dual firing chamber's exiting flue gas, oxygen content reaches 6-10%(dry flue gas).
In flue gas purification system, refractory ceramics filter element is formed by the refractory ceramic aggregates such as cordierite and carborundum and refractory ceramics bonding agent high temperature sintering, be made up of large aperture, high strength, highly-breathable ceramic supporting body and high filtering precision ceramic fibre composite filtering film two parts, for pore gradient ceramics composite fiber membrane filtering material, be applicable to various high temperature, high pressure dust-laden (flue dust) gas purification, flue gas enters ceramic filter after cooling can Chalk-dust filtering.
A set of incineration flue gas automatic on-line monitoring system, a set of flue dust on-line continuous emission monitoring system is installed at chimney height 1/3 place, can realize monitoring continuously flue dust, CO, O2, SO2, NOX, HCl, CO2 concentration of emission, determination data is delivered in robot control system(RCS), and show on the electronic display screen, survey SO2 and HCl result according to on-line continuous flue gas inspection instrument, in automatic control system, closed-loop control is carried out to absorption tower sprinkling Ca (OH) 2 amount of feeding or concentration; Flue gas sampling hole is set in the middle part of chimney, the compounds such as HF, bioxin, heavy metal are sampled and outer committee analytical test.
A set of automation control system, by MUDBUSRTU communication module, follow RS485 communications protocol, I/O point is introduced demanding party DCS control room, can carry out winer construction and control to the main frames such as pyrolysis gasification furnace feed system, automatic ash ejector system, diesel oil combustion-supporting system, pyrolysis gasification furnace combustion system and system for cleaning fume and facility, measurement display and warning project comprise pyrolytic gasification furnace temperature, furnace temperature, combustion furnace negative pressure and flue gas exit temperature.
Automation control system PLC can realize the automatic interlock of series pyrolysis gasification furnace and safeguard protection and auxiliary equipment and valve automatic start-stop and switching function, comprising: interlock between pyrolysis gas and oxygenating wind, interlock between combustion furnace negative pressure and safety valve, furnace temperature and burner is interlocked, when having a power failure suddenly safety stop protect, abnormal combustion alarm and safety stop is protected, misoperation is reported to the police stops protecting, water cut-off protection, fuel oil supply discontinuity protection and burner safeguard protection.
Automation control system analog quantity adjusting control function can gather controlled analog quantity, computing, given and regulate, can automatically mainly comprise by item controlled: furnace temperature controls that (>=1100 DEG C), combustion furnace negative pressure control (-100Pa) automatically, pyrolysis gasification furnace air capacity controls (0-100%), half-dried absorption tower outlet temperature control (180-200 DEG C), half-dried absorption tower injection flow rate automatically controls and combustion air controls (0-100%) automatically.
Automation control system has a set of warning system, disappears, the situation such as the out-of-limit and capital equipment fault of important parameter reports to the police for PLC fault, PLC power failure, instrument power.
Exhaust treatment system ruuning situation is good: G-L heat exchanger can realize supplementary hot wind for combustion supporting, abundant UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN; When quench tower atomization cooling ties up to intensification, when normally running, residual burning time all can realize automatic operation; Sack cleaner can realize removing flue gas small particles dust effectively automatically; Active carbon injection apparatus effectively can adsorb harmful substances from flue gases; When equipment all puts into operation, chimney is without black smoke.
Pyrolysis gasification furnace control of export temperature is at 100-500 DEG C, material center temperature is at 300-800 DEG C, incinerator (dual firing chamber) control temperature 800-1100 DEG C, gas residence time is 3-5s, efficiency of combustion >=99.90%, destroy clearance >=99.99% by fire, the bright rate 1.0-3.0% of incineration residue heat, incinerator can stable operation under 30% design maximum Thermal release condition.
Equipment all can realize operated from a distance and control (control of PLC touch-screen) when running, can realize multiple automatic regulation function: secondary chamber's temperature control adjustment, system negative pressure regulate automatically, quench tower outlet temperature regulates automatically, cloth bag is just logical and bypass regulates automatically; Also can realize multiple operated from a distance manual adjustment function, comprise pyrolysis oven and mend the adjustment of air valve Angle ambiguity, active carbon discharging quantity frequency adjustment.
Claims (4)
1. full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator, is characterized in that comprising feeder, feed hopper, pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis gas flue, combustion furnace, G-L air heat exchanger, chilled absorbing tower, just logical and by-pass flue, sack cleaner, pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform and cat ladder, active carbon storage tank, chimney, wherein, feeder is adjacent with pyrolysis gasification furnace exists side by side, the top that feed hopper is placed in above pyrolysis gasification furnace is fixedly linked, pyrolysis gas flue one end is connected with pyrolysis gasification furnace top side position opening, the pyrolysis gas flue other end is connected with combustion furnace open top, pyrolysis gas flue and combustion furnace are existed side by side, pyrolysis gasification furnace operating platform is connected with the medium position of pyrolysis gasification furnace with cat ladder, pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected with chilled absorbing tower by G-L air heat exchanger, pyrolysis gasification furnace and chilled absorbing tower are existed side by side, just leading to and with by-pass flue, chilled absorbing tower is being connected with sack cleaner, chilled absorbing tower and sack cleaner are existed side by side, active carbon storage tank is vertically connected with the middle part of by-pass flue with just logical, sack cleaner is connected by oblique lower end of duct 1/3 place with chimney, sack cleaner and chimney are existed side by side.
2. full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis burning process as claimed in claim 1, comprises
(1) by feeder top pulley, feed hopper is down in the groove of ground, open the lid that feeds intake, required quantitatively discarded object is loaded in feed hopper, again by feeder top pulley, feed hopper is risen to pyrolysis gasification furnace top end opening, material containing is dropped into pyrolysis gasification furnace, also by pyrolysis oven operating platform and cat ladder manually reinforced or feed supplement, till usually filling;
(2) after discarded object enters pyrolysis gasification furnace,
1) first start air-introduced machine prepurge, automatically start pressure fan simultaneously;
2) after combustion furnace difference gauge display reading reaches setting, regnition burner starts, dual firing chamber's temperature sharply rises, until temperature reach 550-660 DEG C interval time, a combustion room diesel ignition burner is started working, and successively starts exhaust blower and pressure fan, air heater hot-air pre-heating furnace temperature is used by body of heater pyrolytic incineration after 100-200 DEG C, now combustion position is switched to high combustion state, and " igniting instruction " after lamp is bright, pyrolysis gasification furnace starts firing up;
(3) when observe in stove have flame to occur time, quantitative construction materials contract is added again every 10-30min, according to pyrolysis gasification furnace pressure reduction and pyrolysis gasification furnace, furnace temperature rising situation, at set intervals primary air flow and secondary air flow are adjusted in parameter and limit, observe flame conditions, if burning is normal, turns off igniter, and in parameter area, adjust primary air flow and secondary air flow;
(4) furnace temperature is stable rises to setting running temperature, and burner quits work automatically, and by systematic evaluation to automatic operation conditions, later process is Automatic Control process;
(5) when combustion furnace combustion chamber temperature reaches 800-900 DEG C first, in a combustion room, material pyrolytic reaction tends towards stability gradually, enters the stabilization sub stage; Flammable solid discarded object passes through drying, pyrolysis, burns, burns Four processes in pyrolysis gasification furnace, be cracked into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis Jiao, pyrolysis burnt in pyrolysis oven and in First air oxygen reaction burns, after combustible pyrolysis gas and Secondary Air mixing by rubbish gap, upper strata and pyrolysis gas flue with tangential direction enter fully mix with supplementary air in combustion furnace after lighted by igniter;
(6) through 4-6h pyrolytic process, in stove, pyrolysis gas reduces gradually, by pyrolysis oven operating platform and cat ladder, discarded object in pyrolysis oven can be observed gradually start to enter residual burning process, pyrolysis oven outlet temperature is stabilization sub stage and residual burning stage critical-temperature when being reduced to 80 DEG C gradually, until burning terminates, the pyrolysis gas simultaneously produced is after combustion furnace dual firing chamber high-temp combustion, after burning, high-temperature flue gas is first through G-L air heat exchanger, flue-gas temperature is cooled to 500-600 DEG C, recyclable 60-80 DEG C of hot water is for routine use simultaneously, or utilize equipment with no pressure will produce water vapour automatic-discharging,
(7) utilize fume afterheat to blast dry air to air blast and be heated to 100 DEG C, after preliminary cooling, high-temperature flue gas enters sack cleaner, removing flue gas small particles dust again by positive smoke uptake and by-pass flue and active carbon storage tank;
(8) flue gas enters and adopts NaOH solution as the chilled absorbing tower of absorbent, within reaching flue gas cooling 1s and depickling object;
(9) the atomization alkali lye of tower fully contacts with flue gas, is chilled to less than 200 DEG C to flue gas, checks bioxin and produces, use 5%Na simultaneously
2cO
3solution, pH value remains on and carries out drip washing above, fully can neutralize absorption to HCl, SOx, NOx acidic materials in flue gas;
(10) powder is discharged in pipeline through discharge valve by pulverized limestone and active carbon storage tank respectively, fully mixes under Pneumatic action with flue gas, utilizes potential dioxins materials in the adsorbable flue gas of active carbon porous;
(11) the potential acidic materials of pulverized limestone Absorbable rod flue gas are utilized, ground caustic and sour gas react generation inorganic salts further, after cooling depickling, flue gas enters the pole fine dusts existed in pulsed jet cloth filter removing flue gas, and activated carbon powder and ground caustic and can absorb the acid ingredient, heavy metal and the dioxins materials that contain in flue gas in filter bag surface is further simultaneously;
(12) flue gas moisture in cyclone defroster device separating flue again, alleviate chimney band water discharge phenomenon, last flue gas is through chimney qualified discharge under air-introduced machine effect, and in pyrolysis oven, discarded object is burnt rear residue and taken out by ash discharging gear.
3. full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis burning process according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described pyrolysis oven and incinerator, its structure comprise pyrolysis body of heater, be rotate grate, furnace wall arranges scraper, push-pull valve, airtight ash bucket, close combustor two blow-on door, electronic proportion adjustment butterfly valve, feeding system charge door; Wherein, rotate grate, scraper, push-pull valve and ash bucket and be positioned at pyrolytic gasification body of heater, charge door is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace top center, exhanst gas outlet is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace top side position, two blow-on door is positioned at pyrolysis gasification furnace middle and upper part, electric control valve is independent of being connected at conical surface place, bottom with it by pipeline outside pyrolysis gasification furnace, rotate grate to be connected in the middle with pyrolysis gasification furnace with cone-shaped top surface form, scraper to be positioned in the middle part of pyrolysis gasification furnace and to flush with rotation grate, and push-pull valve is connected by mechanical part with ash bucket;
During work, drop into quantitative discarded object by feeding system charge door, carry out follow-up pyrolysis and incineration disposal; At pyrolysis gasification furnace port, adopt and rotate the dry type that combines of grate, push-pull valve and airtight ash bucket and to slag tap mode, rotate grate and adopt ash-pan and the combination of grey cap, eccentric orfice on ash-pan is double does ash-falling hole and air supply hole use, and eccentric orfice diameter 0.35-0.55m, there will not be ventilative not good phenomenon, furnace wall arranges scraper simultaneously, when slagging tap in rotary course, rotating, can extrude bulk lime-ash, fragmentation; Ash dropping hopper arranges push-pull valve, it is open mode when push-pull valve normally runs, when airtight ash bucket observation lime-ash situation opened by needs, push-pull valve cuts out, can prevent pyrolysis body of heater from occurring leaking out and gas leakage situation, can ensure that equipment runs continuously equally, fall into the lime-ash of airtight ash bucket after air blast cooling, be convenient to collect and research use, produce without sewage; Through charging, pyrolysis, burning, heat exchange, purification, cooling, use and after the process procedure such as demist, discharging finally producing gaseous products, being discharged by chimney again.
4. full size electronic apparatus discarded object continuous pyrolysis incinerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described chilled absorbing tower, comprise quench pump, pneumatic proportional control valve, bypass line, spray gun, wherein quench pump connects one end of pneumatic proportional control valve, bypass line respectively, another termination spray gun of pneumatic proportional control valve, bypass line;
During work, adopt temperature automatic adjustment system in quench tower outlet, quench pump is stopped to adopt frequency conversion, avoids affecting water route pressure, changes into and arrange pneumatic proportional control valve on water route, and pneumatic proportional control valve arranges bypass line simultaneously; During normal operation, bypass line is suitably opened, and remains low discharge, and other water yield is by pneumatic proportional control valve and quench pump temperature automatic adjustment; The valve opening of pneumatic proportional control valve is by PLC auto-adjustment control, and valve opening adjustable range is by 0-100%; Chilling automatic regulating system W-response is sensitive, can realize automation completely, and can ensure that spray gun atomizing effect is stablized, and whole structure is better than electric control valve.
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