CN107125774A - 一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂 - Google Patents
一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125774A CN107125774A CN201710352208.3A CN201710352208A CN107125774A CN 107125774 A CN107125774 A CN 107125774A CN 201710352208 A CN201710352208 A CN 201710352208A CN 107125774 A CN107125774 A CN 107125774A
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N d-xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/22—Comminuted fibrous parts of plants, e.g. bagasse or pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的氢氧化钠，用于主水解阶段的氨水。本发明由不同阶段的不同碱组成，通过对秸秆进行分阶段的水解，能够充分从纤维素链释放葡萄糖，提高纤维素的水解程度和糖类的产量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及秸秆加工领域，具体涉及一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂。
背景技术
秸秆是成熟农作物茎叶(穗)部分的总称。通常指小麦、水稻、玉米、薯类、油菜、棉花、甘蔗和其它农作物(通常为粗粮)在收获籽实后的剩余部分。农作物光合作用的产物有一半以上存在于秸秆中，秸秆富含氮、磷、钾、钙、镁和有机质等，是一种具有多用途的可再生的生物资源。秸秆可用来无污染制浆、制备膳食纤维和低聚木糖。
秸秆中含有纤维素、半纤维素和木质素，这三种原料中各组分之间具有缠绕和包裹作用，阻碍了进一步的转化利用。若需要充分利用秸秆做进一步的加工产品，必须对秸秆进行预处理。
秸秆的预处理方法包括物理法和化学法。化学处理法主要包括碱处理和碱处理。现有的碱处理剂在处理过程中，大部分半纤维素溶解于碱溶液中，反应速度很快，但是余下的半纤维素和纤维素则呈现不溶解状态，反应速度很慢。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，该碱洗剂由不同阶段的不同碱组成，通过对秸秆进行分阶段的水解，能够充分从纤维素链释放葡萄糖，提高纤维素的水解程度和糖类的产量，解决现有的碱洗剂无法溶解部分半纤维素和纤维素，反应速度慢的问题。本发明提供的碱洗剂实际是用于制备秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的氢氧化钠，用于主水解阶段的氨水。
用于预处理阶段的氢氧化钠为2-3wt％。
用于主水解阶段的氨水为0.2-0.3wt％。
用于预处理阶段还包括乙醇和甘油。
乙醇的体积为氢氧化钠体积的3-5倍。
甘油体积为氢氧化钠体积的3-5倍。
本发明的构思在于：将碱洗剂细分为两个不同阶段，在预处理阶段使用强碱充分使得秸秆受到碱的破坏，使得秸秆中的纤维素、半纤维素受到一定的预分解作用，再在主分解阶段采用弱碱，使用方式是分多次进行弱碱的反复水解，使得不溶的半纤维素和纤维素得以链分解分离得到糖类。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：
本发明由不同阶段的不同碱组成，通过对秸秆进行分阶段的水解，能够充分从纤维素链释放葡萄糖，提高纤维素的水解程度和糖类的产量，解决现有的碱洗剂无法溶解部分半纤维素和纤维素，反应速度慢的问题。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的2wt％碱，用于主水解阶段的氨水0.2wt％。
实施例2
一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的2.5wt％碱，用于主水解阶段的氨水0.3wt％。
实施例3
一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的3wt％碱，用于主水解阶段的氨水0.5wt％。
实施例4
和实施例3类似，不同之处在于：用于预处理阶段还包括乙醇和甘油。乙醇的体积为碱体积的5倍。甘油体积为碱体积的3倍。
实施例5
和实施例3类似，不同之处在于：用于预处理阶段还包括乙醇和甘油。乙醇的体积为碱体积的4倍。甘油体积为碱体积的4倍。
实施例6
和实施例3类似，不同之处在于：用于预处理阶段还包括乙醇和甘油。乙醇的体积为碱体积的3倍。甘油体积为碱体积的5倍。
实施时，预处理阶段，在170-190℃将秸秆进入到上述浓度的氢氧化钠中浸泡2-3小时，主水解阶段，过滤后将经处理后的滤渣放入到上述浓度的氨水中浸泡20-30min。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，包括用于预处理阶段的氢氧化钠，用于主水解阶段的氨水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，其特征在于，用于预处理阶段的氢氧化钠为2-3wt％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，其特征在于，用于主水解阶段的氨水为0.2-0.3wt％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，其特征在于，用于预处理阶段还包括乙醇和甘油。
5.根据权利要求4所述的秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，其特征在于，乙醇的体积为氢氧化钠体积的3-5倍。
6.根据权利要求4所述的秸秆膳食纤维的碱洗剂，其特征在于，甘油体积为氢氧化钠体积的3-5倍。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101240297A (zh) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-13 | 徐佳珊 | 农作物纤维废弃物生产乙醇 |
| CN101406294A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-15 | 孟繁宇 | 一种膳食纤维及其分散片和制备方法 |
| CN201805895U (zh) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-04-27 | 李刚 | 一种蒸汽***装置 |
| CN106509914A (zh) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-22 | 济南米铎碳新能源科技有限公司 | 作物秸秆制备膳食纤维的方法 |
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- 2017-05-18 CN CN201710352208.3A patent/CN107125774A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101240297A (zh) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-13 | 徐佳珊 | 农作物纤维废弃物生产乙醇 |
| CN101406294A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-15 | 孟繁宇 | 一种膳食纤维及其分散片和制备方法 |
| CN101406294B (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2012-11-21 | 孟繁宇 | 一种膳食纤维及其分散片和制备方法 |
| CN201805895U (zh) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-04-27 | 李刚 | 一种蒸汽***装置 |
| CN106509914A (zh) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-22 | 济南米铎碳新能源科技有限公司 | 作物秸秆制备膳食纤维的方法 |
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