CN107125118B - A kind of cultivation of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot and cuttage and seedling culture method - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot and cuttage and seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125118B CN107125118B CN201710351829.XA CN201710351829A CN107125118B CN 107125118 B CN107125118 B CN 107125118B CN 201710351829 A CN201710351829 A CN 201710351829A CN 107125118 B CN107125118 B CN 107125118B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivation of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot and cuttage and seedling culture methods.This method passes through selection 8~25 years raw Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated tree, sparse standing forest or budding forest fine individual plants, premised on not cutting down forest, save existing resource, without creating cutting orchard, it takes base portion to promote the method sprouted and cultivates coppice shoot, targetedly solve the critical problem of Luotian weeping branch China fir cuttage and seedling culture.Gained cuttage seeding is more sturdy, well developed root system, and the surrival rate of afforestation is high, and afforestation current year seedling growth is very fast, can save cost of forestation, improves Afforestation Quality；The technology of the present invention is simple simultaneously, and operation is easy, and is saved the area simultaneously, and consumptive material is few, and yield is high, at low cost, can shorten breeding cycle 5 years or more, be very suitable to promote the use of in production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to China fir pierre technical fields, in particular to a kind of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot
Cultivation and cuttage and seedling culture method.
Background technique
China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) is China Yangtze river basin, Qinling Mountains areas to the south
The important high-quality needle commerical tree species that cultivation is most wide, growth is fast, economic value is high.Wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata yellow-white, heartwood band is light sometimes
Bronzing, matter is softer, careful, aromatic, and texture is straight, easy processing, and corrosion resistant power is strong, for building, bridge, shipbuilding, ore pillar, timber,
Electric pole, furniture and wood-fibred raw material of industry etc. are used.Hubei hydrothermal condition is abundant, is one of optimum cultivation area of China fir.At present
China fir cultivated area constantly expands, and log price is in 1000 yuan/m in the market3Left and right, supply shortage, has a high potential.
Luotian weeping branch China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) abbreviation weeping branch China fir is that the distinctive excellent Chinese fir in Hubei becomes
Foreign peoples's type is approval for high quality tree species by the State Administration of Forestry and high quality tree species validation board, Hubei Department of Forestry of Shanxi Province respectively in 2005,
And first, China China fir new product " E Shan 1 " was selected in 2015.Luotian weeping branch China fir material is similar to common China fir, master
Wanting morphological feature is that tree crown is narrow, is in steeple shape, old branch more than hat width 1.5m or so, 2a~3a life are sagging, with trunk angle
Gradually up to 150 ° or so, 3a rear side branch base portion girth growth stops, and branch is very thin, and general base diameter is 1cm or so, works as collateral generation
When to 6a~7a, the autumn and winter of Yu Dangnian fall off naturally, complete not stay after self-pruning to scab, and Genetic Performance is stablized.According to sieve
Field weeping branch China fir hat width calculates, and transplanting theoretical seeding row spacing is 1.3m~1.5m × 1.3m~1.5m, can be by with normal fir wood compared with
The density of plantation improves nearly 1 times, substantially increases unit stock volume, and timber can make high-quality column material or decoration without section
Material；Simultaneously because it is with stronger moisture-proof, self-pruning is good, crown narrow, does not influence crop yield, and is ideal
Agricultural protection forest tree species；In addition, also can be used as good ornamental tree species due to high straight and crown type the specificity of its trunk.
It is domestic that Luotian weeping branch China fir NATURAL DISTRIBUTION is concentrated mainly on Huanggang Luotian County, now only deposits several small area people
Work woods, resource are reduced and endangered year by year, are collected, are saved with breeding using especially urgent and urgent to its resource.However, hanging down
In branch China fir evening productive phase and hip number is less due to its tree crown is narrow, seed collection is difficult, and seed plumpness is poor, and natural standing forest
The seed of middle acquisition causes its filial generation to break up due to by normal fir wood pollen contamination, and only small part shows as typical weeping branch China fir
Characteristic, vegetative propagation are the main and most important modess of reproduction of Luotian weeping branch China fir.
In most of tree species, nourishing and generating for young age material is relatively easy, but form, solution occurs with age
It cuts open and variation physiologically, rootability is more and more difficult or even cannot take root, i.e., enabled take root also maintains the life of veteran
Characteristic, such as slow growth, inclined hat are managed, practical significance and effect are little in production promotes and applies, and how to overcome or break through tree
The age effect of wood is the key technology problem of clonal reproduction.
Construction cutting orchard is the effective measures for controlling elite stand age effect, but current China fir cutting orchard is mostly with young age material
Carry out construction and technical research.The red heart China fir tissue culture that garden material is height of seedling 26cm, ground diameter 0.5cm is built in Wu Yongjun (2010) application
Nutrient bag seedling, what equation etc. (1990) used builds garden material as Chinese Fir Seed Orchards mixed system, superior families, 1 Nian Shengshi of fine provenance
Raw super seedling, Chen Yitai's etc. (1995) builds the seedling that garden material is 40~45cm of height of seedling, base diameter 1cm or so, and " China fir is asexual
It is cuttage raise seedling technique regulation " tissue-cultured seedling or cuttage seeding that garden material is choiceness are built as defined in (LY/T1885-2010).
However, under field conditions (factors), Luotian weeping branch China fir is mostly solid with general Chinese fir crossing, filial generation is there are genetic variation and genetic differentiation phenomenon, and seedling stage
Be difficult to select the typical variation type of morphological feature, from genetic breeding angle be not suitable for directly with not after measured with the reality of selection
Raw seedling is as asexual propagation material.If selecting breeding material after carrying out artificialpollination or the phenotype test for passing through hybrid generation
Expect, it will significantly improve seedling cost and test measurement expense, more crucially breeding cycle will be postponement 10 years or more.
Also small part directly carries out the research of vegetative propagation with the big tree material of China fir, Jiang Zongliang etc. (1994) acquires 25a
The raw branch of the 1a of raw leading shoot, rudiment branch and the male flower top pumping set greatly, it is a variety of multiple using niacin, potassium hydroxide, quarter sawing etc.
Reason is lived together, but only small part material can reach certain reproductive effect, highest rooting rate is 61.7%.(1995) such as Li Xiao storages
Cutting propagation, but the raw treelet coppice shoot rooting rate of 4~5a and root system quality are carried out using treelet rhizosphere semi-lignified current year raw coppice shoot
Significantly lower than the raw treelet of 1~2a.Li Minghe etc. (1992) is then to acquire select tree by way of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations (28a) clear felling
Stump coppice shoot builds cutting orchard, 90% or more rooting rate.But Luotian weeping branch Chinese fir hat is narrow, shoot growth is weaker and quantity compared with
Less, not only acquisition is difficult and limited amount, and the Material growth gesture of its grafting or cutting propagation is weaker, is preced with obvious and rudiment energy partially
Power is poor, is not suitable for construction cutting orchard or directly cultivates nursery stock.Meanwhile Luotian weeping branch China fir is a kind of distinctive China fir in Hubei
Variation type, distribution is narrow, and species are rare, resource scarcity, should not obtain vegetative propagation material in such a way that felling is set greatly
Material.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the deficiency for Luotian weeping branch China fir cutting orchard construction material, provide it is a kind of do not cut down forest,
Not newly-built cutting orchard, short cycle, the big cultivation for setting base portion coppice shoot of Luotian weeping branch China fir of few consumptive material and low cost and cuttage and seedling culture
Method.
In order to realize technical purpose of the invention, inventor is finally obtained by a large number of experiments research and persistent exploration
Following technical solution:
A kind of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, including elite stand selection, elite stand management, cutting handle, fringe bar are adopted
Collection and fringe bar treatment process, this method specific steps are as follows:
(1) elite stand selects: the fine individual plant in 8~25 years raw Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated trees of selection, border wood or budding forest
As elite stand, elite stand surrounding should ensure that sufficient light transmittance；
(2) elite stand manages: being aerated light transmission, loosen the soil removal of impurities and fertilizing management；
(3) cutting handle: 1. handle the time: in winter or when elite stand dormant period in early spring, carries out cutting handle；2. isolated tree,
The processing of border wood: the soil of elite stand base portion sunny slope is excavated and exposes level-one lateral root, by 2~3cm of trunk and root system binding site
Place digs out 2~3 minor cut or wounds, then backfills earthing, 2~3cm of thickness of earth covering；3. the single plant in Sprout reproduction woods is handled: retaining 1
Remaining strain of growing thickly is cut down from base portion and is removed by~2 sturdy trunks, excavates elite stand stump Soil Surrounding, lower than at 1~2cm of ground
Or stump is truncated in trunk and root system binding site, then uses the concordant ground of light loam earthing；
(4) fringe bar acquires: 1. acquisition time: adopting item for the first time in late April to mid-May, acquires spring item；Exist for the second time
September acquires summer item to October；2. acquisition method: length >=8cm, robust growth, the semi-lignified fringe bar with top tip are chosen,
1cm~2cm depth cuts fringe bar under surface soil, or pushs butt earthing aside and expose coppice shoot, is close to trunk and cuts or cut fringe
Item does not stay coppice shoot pile, earths up after adopting, and after adopting a phase and non-cuttage season removes coppice shoot comprehensively in time.
It is further preferred that Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method as described above, wherein ventilation and penetrating light in step (2)
Operating procedure are as follows: surgery elite stand periphery 2m in time2~4m2Miscellaneous filling or small and weak forest in range guarantee that the ventilation of elite stand base portion is saturating
Light.
It is further preferred that Luotian as described above weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, removal of impurities of wherein loosening the soil in step (2)
Operating procedure are as follows: after annual winter or acquisition fringe bar, in elite stand root disk 1m2~2m2It weeds with a hoe in range, pine soil depth
15cm~20cm, and combine loosen the soil cleared miscellaneous filling and its root system.
It is further preferred that Luotian as described above weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, the behaviour wherein to apply fertilizer in step (2)
Make step are as follows: annual winter and after each adopting ear period, dig the annular groove of 15cm~20cm depth along elite stand crown mapping, every plant
0.3 kilogram~0.4 kilogram compound fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields along annular groove, then earthing is filled and led up.
It is further preferred that Luotian as described above weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, is wherein adopting a phase in step (4)
It is interior to adopt item according to maternal plant coppice shoot situation is multiple batches of, billet, the budling of curtailment are retained when adopting every time, and remove intensive clump
Raw featheriness coppice shoot.
It is further preferred that Luotian as described above weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, the behaviour wherein sterilized in step (5)
Make step are as follows: after point number of being is tied up, prepare solution submergence cuttings base portion with carbendazim or potassium permanganate and carry out disinfection.
It is further preferred that Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method as described above, wherein HORMONE TREATMENT in step (5)
Operating procedure are as follows: with 40~70mg.L-1911 rooting agent solutions impregnate 8h~10h or base portion and dip in a kind of homemade life fastly
Root powder (with the pulvis of the promotion plant establishment of the mixed preparings such as indolebutyric acid, nutrition).
The present invention also provides the method for being conducive to the Luotian weeping branch China fir fringe bar progress cuttage and seedling culture that the above method is cultivated, the party
Method includes the following steps:
1. fringe bar is handled: a. fringe: selecting without side shoot, semi-lignified to lignifying, with verticillate needle, rugosity >=0.3cm
Fringe bar, trimming growth cuttings of the 6cm~lOcm with terminal bud, cuttings base portion notch is smooth, not broken skin, do not cleave；B. it sterilizes；c.
HORMONE TREATMENT；
2. matrix configures: turfy soil, perlite by volume (1.4~2.0): 1 configuration, 5d~7d is with 0.3% before cuttage
~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate sprays disinfection；
3. cuttage vessel: light-duty material mesh bag container bag or hole tray, specification are diameter or bore >=4.5cm, long or depth 12cm~
15cm, container bag are placed in the pallet of same apertures；
4. cottage method: in annual March~May, September~October or cuttage in winter, 1d~2d is by configuration before cuttage
Matrix is poured primary permeable, and cuttage Shi Xianyong waddy or bamboo chopsticks prick an aperture, and depth 4cm~5cm is compacted matrix after being inserted into cuttings
And it sprinkles profoundly water；After cuttage works, 500 times of carbendazim of spray or 800 times of Bravo sterilizings comprehensively immediately, dosage 900~
1200ml/ ㎡ sprays once every 7d~10d again later, blows, adds spray primary after rain, and sterilizing carries out after stopping at dusk is spraying；
5. cuttage management: regulating and controlling spray timings and spray amount with the time-controlling apparatus or auto-controlling apparatus of Full sunshing automatic spraying equipment, protect
Hold blade face not dehydration；15d rises to before transplanting after inserting, and sprays the mixing of+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% urea every 7d~10d
Nutrient solution carries out foliage dressing, carries out after stop by spraying the dusk；
6. transplanting: when cuttings root system grows container and air root relief takes place, being transplanted before selection cloudy day or rain, after rain.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by selection 8~25 years raw Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated trees, sparse standing forest or sprouts
Bud woods fine individual plant takes base portion to promote the technical method sprouted and cultivates coppice shoot premised on not cutting down forest, save existing resource,
Targetedly solves the critical problem of Luotian weeping branch China fir cuttage and seedling culture.Specific advantage and progressive is embodied in following several
A aspect:
(1) it does not cut down forest, does not destroy existing resource, both can guarantee the normal growth of Reproductive Female tree, and woods can be improved
Phase improves stand, more can efficiently produce a large amount of high-quality fringe bars for a long time, expands numerous and popularization and application for scale and lays the foundation.
(2) it does not need to build cutting orchard again and carries out repeatedly childrenization processing, save the area, consumptive material is few, and yield is high, cost
It is low.
(3) technically simple, operation is easy, and is very suitable to promote the use of in production.
(4) gained cuttage seeding is more sturdy, and well developed root system, the surrival rate of afforestation is high, and afforestation current year seedling growth is very fast, can save
About cost of forestation improves Afforestation Quality.
(5) the application can produce clone nursery stock in 1-2, and with cultivating seeds seedling or with lateral-branch grafting seedling
It builds cutting orchard production fringe bar and carries out cuttage and seedling culture, the period at least needs 6-7 or more, and this patent can shorten growing-seedling period 5
Year or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is isolated tree difference cutting handle fringe bar sprouting situation；Note: A is only to carry out root disk to loosen the soil；B be to butt into
Row carves wound；C is to carry out gouge to butt and root system binding site.
Fig. 2 is that budding forest difference rush sprouts mode fringe bar sprouting situation；Note: A is only to carry out root disk to loosen the soil；B is to former stump
Carry out truncation dwarf treatment；C is to cut down except small and weak grow thickly and carries out truncation dwarf treatment to stump at strain.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment further describes the implementation process and beneficial effect of the method for the present invention, and embodiment is only used for illustration
Purpose does not limit the scope of the invention, while the obvious change that those of ordinary skill in the art are made according to the present invention
It is also contained within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1: Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated tree base portion coppice shoot is cultivated
(1) elite stand select: selection 22 years raw Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated trees, it is desirable that elite stand morphological feature obviously, growth vigor
More prominent, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm, surrounding should ensure that sufficient light transmittance；
(2) elite stand manages:
1. ventilation and penetrating light: surgerying elite stand periphery 2m in time2~4m2Miscellaneous filling or small and weak forest in range guarantee elite stand base portion
Ventilation and penetrating light；
2. removal of impurities of loosening the soil: after annual winter or acquisition fringe bar, in elite stand root disk 1m2~2m2It weeds with a hoe, loosens the soil in range
Depth 15cm~20cm, and combine loosen the soil cleared miscellaneous filling and its root system；
3. fertilising: annual winter and after each adopting ear period, the ring-type of 15cm~20cm depth is dug along elite stand crown mapping
Ditch, every plant is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 0.3 kilogram~0.4 kilogram compound fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer along annular groove, and then earthing is filled and led up；
(3) cutting handle:
1. handling the time: winter or elite stand dormant period in early spring carry out cutting handle；
2. cutting handle: 3 kinds of modes are respectively adopted and carry out cutting handle, every 3 plants of processing is repeated 3 times；
A, removal of impurities processing of loosening the soil only is carried out to elite stand root disk；
B, the cortex of trunk base portion sunny slope is cut into out 2~3 minor cut or wounds with tools such as reaping hooks；
C, the soil of elite stand base portion sunny slope is excavated and exposes level-one lateral root, with tools such as reaping hook or hoes by trunk and root
It is to dig out 2~3 minor cut or wounds at 2~3cm of binding site, then backfills earthing, 2~3cm of thickness of earth covering；
(4) fringe bar acquires
1. acquisition time: adopting item for the first time in the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, acquire spring item；For the second time in September to October, adopt
Collect summer item.Item can be adopted according to maternal plant coppice shoot situation is multiple batches of adopting in a phase, billet, the bud of curtailment are retained when adopting every time
Item, and remove the featheriness coppice shoot intensively grown thickly.
2. acquisition method: length >=8cm, robust growth, the semi-lignified fringe bar with top tip are chosen, with scissors or reaping hook
1cm~2cm depth cuts fringe bar under surface soil, or pushs trunk earthing aside and expose coppice shoot, be close to germinating position clip or cut fringe
Item does not stay pile, earths up after adopting.Pay attention to fringe bar moisturizing.Coppice shoot is removed comprehensively in time after adopting a phase.
1 isolated tree difference of table rush is sprouted the mode single plant cutting yield that is averaged and is compared
| Rush sprouts mode | Spring item/root | Summer item/root | Annual output/root |
| A: root disk loosens the soil | 0 | 3.3 | 1.6a |
| B: butt carves wound | 0 | 8.1 | 4.0a |
| C: rhizosphere gouge | 13.2 | 32.6 | 22.9b |
It can be seen that according to table 1 and Fig. 1 in the case where not building cutting orchard, orphan directly utilized using the method for embodiment 1
Standing tree carries out rhizosphere and carves wound or gouge progress cutting handle to be that can reach certain cutting yield, and average single plant cutting yield reaches
22.9, sprouting effect with the rush of other cutting handle modes, there are extremely significant differences.
Embodiment 2: Luotian weeping branch China fir budding forest select tree base portion coppice shoot is cultivated
(1) elite stand selects: in 18 years, raw Luotian weeping branch China fir budding forest selected select tree, it is desirable that elite stand morphological feature is obvious, raw
Long advantage is more prominent, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm, and surrounding should ensure that sufficient light transmittance；
(2) elite stand manages:
1. ventilation and penetrating light: surgerying elite stand periphery 2m in time2~4m2Miscellaneous filling or small and weak forest in range guarantee elite stand base portion
Ventilation and penetrating light；
2. removal of impurities of loosening the soil: after annual winter or acquisition fringe bar, in elite stand root disk 1m2~2m2It weeds with a hoe, loosens the soil in range
Depth 15cm~20cm, and combine loosen the soil cleared miscellaneous filling and its root system；
3. fertilising: annual winter and after each adopting ear period, the ring-type of 15cm~20cm depth is dug along elite stand crown mapping
Ditch, every plant is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 0.3 kilogram~0.4 kilogram compound fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer along annular groove, and then earthing is filled and led up；
(3) cutting handle:
1. handling the time: winter or elite stand dormant period in early spring carry out cutting handle；
2. cutting handle: 3 kinds of modes carry out cutting handle respectively, and every 3 plants of processing is repeated 3 times；
A, removal of impurities processing of loosening the soil only is carried out to elite stand root disk；
B, retain all strains of growing thickly, excavate elite stand stump Soil Surrounding, lower than at 1~2cm of ground or trunk and root system
Stump is truncated in binding site, then uses the concordant ground of light loam earthing；
C, retain 1~2 sturdy trunk, remaining strain of growing thickly is cut down from base portion and is removed, elite stand stump Soil Surrounding is excavated, low
At 1~2cm of ground or stump is truncated in trunk and root system binding site, then uses the concordant ground of light loam earthing；
(4) fringe bar acquires
1. acquisition time: adopting item for the first time in the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, acquire spring item；For the second time in September to October, adopt
Collect summer item.Item can be adopted according to maternal plant coppice shoot situation is multiple batches of adopting in a phase, billet, the bud of curtailment are retained when adopting every time
Item, and remove the featheriness coppice shoot intensively grown thickly.
2. acquisition method: length >=8cm, robust growth, the semi-lignified fringe bar with top tip are chosen, with scissors or reaping hook
1cm~2cm depth cuts fringe bar under surface soil, or pushs trunk earthing aside and expose coppice shoot, be close to germinating position clip or cut fringe
Item does not stay pile, earths up after adopting.Pay attention to fringe bar moisturizing.Coppice shoot is removed comprehensively in time after adopting a phase.
2 budding forest difference of table rush is sprouted the mode single plant cutting yield that is averaged and is compared
| Rush sprouts mode | Spring item/root | Summer item/root | Annual output/root |
| A: root disk loosens the soil | 2.2 | 5.6 | 3.9a |
| B: former stump processing | 12.5 | 28.6 | 20.1b |
| C: it cuts down except small and weak grow thickly and makees stump processing at strain | 23.1 | 44.8 | 67.9c |
It can be seen that according to table 2 and Fig. 2 in the case where not building cutting orchard, it is excellent to budding forest using the method for embodiment 2
Tree, which carries out cutting handle, can reach higher cutting yield, wherein cutting down except the small and weak average list grown thickly strain and carry out stump processing
Strain cutting yield is 17.4 times for not carrying out cutting handle, reaches extremely significant difference up to 67.9.
Embodiment 3: the cuttage and seedling culture of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot
1. fringe bar is handled: a. fringe: selecting without side shoot, semi-lignified to lignifying, with verticillate needle, rugosity >=0.3cm
Fringe bar, trimming growth cuttings of the 6cm~lOcm with terminal bud, cuttings base portion notch is smooth, not broken skin, do not cleave；B. it sterilizes；c.
HORMONE TREATMENT；
2. matrix configures: turfy soil, perlite are configured by volume 6:4, subacidity.Before cuttage 5d~7d with 0.3%~
0.5% liquor potassic permanganate sprays disinfection.
3. cuttage vessel: light-duty material mesh bag container bag or hole tray, specification are diameter or bore >=4.5cm, long or depth 12cm~
15cm.Container bag is placed in the pallet of same apertures, and pallet or hole tray can be placed on seedling culture frame.
4. spraying facility: Full sunshing automatic spraying equipment.
5. cottage method: March~May, September~October or winter can cuttages.Matrix was poured once in 1~2 day before cuttage
Permeable, cuttage Shi Xianyong waddy or bamboo chopsticks prick an aperture, and depth 4cm~5cm is inserted into according to the fringe bar that 1 method of embodiment obtains
It is compacted matrix afterwards and sprinkles profoundly water.After cuttage works, 500 times of carbendazim of spray or 800 times of Bravo sterilizings comprehensively immediately, dosage
1000ml/ ㎡, every 7~10 days, multiple spray was primary later.It blows, should add spray primary after rain.Sterilizing stops spraying laggard in the dusk
Row.
6. cuttage management: with time-controlling apparatus or auto-controlling apparatus regulation spray timings and spray amount.At interval of 10~15min when fine day
It is 1 time, each 20~30s of spray time spraying, keep blade face not dehydration.Cloudy day reduces spray timings, night after taking root in due course
With rainy day stop-spraying.The mixing of+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% urea was sprayed every 7~10 days to before transplanting from 15 days after inserting
Nutrient solution carries out foliage dressing, preferably carries out after stop by spraying the dusk.
7. transplanting: before may be selected cloudy or rain when cuttings root system grows container and air root relief takes place, rain moves back
It plants.Container was poured to once permeable, moderate pruning longer or injured root system when plant in transplanting preceding 1~2 day, cuts container bag but not
Root ball matrix, embedment seedbed backfill fine earth compacting are broken up, 3~5cm of depth is advisable, pours immediately permeable.
8. daily management: summer transplanting or temperature compared with Gao Shike put up shading screen moderately shade, shade net height >=1.5m,
Guarantee that seedbed is ventilated.Timely and appropriate discovery is answered, fine day waters daily or is sprayed once, is advisable to soak ground surface soil 5cm.Weather connects
Continuous arid soil carries out flood irrigation when whitening, and only fills to seedbed high 2/3, drains in time according to soil moisture content or ponding.Rainy day pays attention to
Drainage.Top dressing preferably measure few time it is more, to apply based on compound fertilizer or nitrogenous fertilizer.Weeding with except it is early, except it is small, in addition to for principle.It cuts in time
Extra rudiment and coppice shoot are removed, a Miao Yigan is retained.
2 different materials rooting rate of table, root system quality and transplanting survival rate compare
Cuttage and seedling culture, rooting rate, root system quality and nursery stock are carried out using big tree base portion coppice shoot using the method for embodiment 3
Transplanting survival rate is peak, and there are significant differences with lateral branch cutting nursery.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method, including elite stand selection, elite stand management, cutting handle, fringe bar acquisition
With fringe bar treatment process, wait levy be, this method specific steps are as follows:
(1) elite stand selects: select 8~25 years raw Luotian weeping branch China fir isolated trees, border wood or sprouts of stump woods in single plant as
Elite stand, elite stand surrounding should ensure that sufficient light transmittance；
(2) elite stand manages: being aerated light transmission, loosen the soil removal of impurities and fertilizing management；
(3) cutting handle: 1. handle the time: in winter or when elite stand dormant period in early spring, carries out cutting handle；2. isolated tree, border
Wood processing: the soil of elite stand base portion sunny slope being excavated and exposes level-one lateral root, will be dug at 2~3cm of trunk and root system binding site
Then 2~3 minor cut or wounds out backfill earthing, 2~3cm of thickness of earth covering；3. the single plant in Sprout reproduction woods is handled: retaining 1~2
Remaining strain of growing thickly is cut down from base portion and is removed by a sturdy trunk, excavates elite stand stump Soil Surrounding, lower than at 1~2cm of ground or master
It is dry that stump is truncated with root system binding site, then use the concordant ground of light loam earthing；
(4) fringe bar acquires: 1. acquisition time: adopting item for the first time in late April to mid-May, acquires spring item；Second in September
To October, summer item is acquired；2. acquisition method: length >=8cm, robust growth, the semi-lignified fringe bar with top tip are chosen, from table
Lower 1cm~2cm the depth of soil cuts fringe bar, or pushs earthing aside and expose coppice shoot, be close to germinating position clip or cut fringe bar, does not stay
Pile is earthed up after adopting, and after adopting a phase and non-cuttage season removes coppice shoot comprehensively in time；
The operating procedure applied fertilizer in step (2) are as follows: annual winter and after each adopting ear period, dig 15cm along elite stand crown mapping
The annular groove of~20cm depth, every plant is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 0.3 kilogram~0.4 kilogram compound fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer along annular groove, is then covered
Soil is filled and led up.
2. Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method according to claim 1 waits for that sign is, ventilation is saturating in step (2)
The operating procedure of light are as follows: surgery elite stand periphery 2m in time2~4m2Miscellaneous filling or small and weak forest in range guarantee the ventilation of elite stand base portion
Light transmission.
3. Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method according to claim 1 waits for that sign is, loosens the soil and remove in step (2)
Miscellaneous operating procedure are as follows: after annual winter or acquisition fringe bar, in elite stand root disk 1m2~2m2It weeds with a hoe in range, pine soil depth
15cm~20cm, and combine loosen the soil cleared miscellaneous filling and its root system.
4. Luotian weeping branch China fir base portion coppice shoot breeding method according to claim 1 waits for that sign is that step is adopting item in (4)
Item is adopted according to maternal plant coppice shoot situation is multiple batches of in phase, retains billet, the budling of curtailment when adopting every time, and remove intensive clump
Raw featheriness coppice shoot.
5. a kind of method that the Luotian weeping branch China fir fringe bar cultivated using claim 1 the method carries out nursery, waits for that sign is,
This method comprises the following steps:
1. fringe bar is handled: a. fringe: selecting without side shoot, semi-lignified to lignifying, with verticillate needle, rugosity >=0.3cm fringe
Item, trimming growth cuttings of the 6cm~8cm with terminal bud, cuttings base portion notch is smooth, not broken skin, do not cleave；B. it sterilizes；C. hormone
Processing；
2. matrix configures: turfy soil, perlite by volume (1.4~2.0): 1 configuration, before cuttage 5d~7d with 0.3%~
0.5% liquor potassic permanganate sprays disinfection；
3. cuttage vessel: light-duty material mesh bag container bag or hole tray, specification are diameter or bore >=4.5cm, long or depth 12cm~15cm,
Container bag is placed in the pallet of same apertures；
4. cottage method: in annual March~May, September~October or cuttage in winter, 1~2 day matrix by configuration before cuttage
Pour primary permeable, cuttage Shi Xianyong waddy or bamboo chopsticks prick an aperture, and depth 4cm~5cm is compacted matrix and pours after being inserted into cuttings
It is permeable；After cuttage works, 500 times of carbendazim of spray or 800 times of Bravo sterilizings comprehensively immediately, 900~1200ml/ of dosage
㎡ sprays once every 7d~10d again later, blows, adds spray primary after rain, and sterilizing carries out after stopping at dusk is spraying；
5. cuttage management: regulating and controlling spray timings and spray amount with the auto-controlling apparatus of Full sunshing automatic spraying equipment, keep blade face not dehydration；
15d rises to before transplanting after inserting, and carries out blade face every the mixed nutrient solution that 7d~10d sprays+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% urea
Fertilising carries out after stop by spraying the dusk；
6. transplanting: when cuttings root system grows container and air root relief takes place, being transplanted before selection cloudy day or rain, after rain.
6. the method that the Luotian weeping branch China fir fringe bar cultivated according to claim 5 carries out nursery, wait levying and be, step 1. in
The operating procedure of disinfection are as follows: after point number of being is tied up, prepare solution submergence cuttings base portion with carbendazim or potassium permanganate and carry out disinfection.
7. the method that the Luotian weeping branch China fir fringe bar cultivated according to claim 5 carries out nursery, wait levying and be, step 1. in
The operating procedure of HORMONE TREATMENT are as follows: with 40~70mg.L-1911 rooting agent solutions impregnate 8h~10h.
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| CN110447403B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-04-22 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Magnolia officinalis grafting propagation method |
| CN112913487A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Pinus massoniana high-age mother tree cutting seedling method |
| CN117016213A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for rejuvenating Chinese fir 302 cutting shoots and application |
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