CN107099687A - A kind of boron carbide particles strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
A kind of boron carbide particles strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107099687A CN107099687A CN201710243989.2A CN201710243989A CN107099687A CN 107099687 A CN107099687 A CN 107099687A CN 201710243989 A CN201710243989 A CN 201710243989A CN 107099687 A CN107099687 A CN 107099687A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004452 microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009646 cryomilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000678 plasma activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0057—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on B4C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of boron carbide particles strengthen nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite.This method prepares composite nano-powder using the method for low temperature ball milling, and the low temperature densification of composite nano-powder is realized using plasma activated sintering (PAS).Preparation method includes batch mixing, low temperature ball milling, exhaust, five steps of plasma discharging activated sintering and heat treatment, prepare nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite of high densification, boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite consistency prepared by the present invention is high, crystal grain is tiny, excellent in mechanical performance, its consistency >=90%, matrix grain size ＜ 200nm, hardness is up to 242.5HV, compression yield strength reaches 866MPa, can be widely used in the high-tech areas such as Aero-Space, automobile and military affairs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum matrix composite research field, more particularly to a kind of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained
The preparation of aluminum matrix composite.
Background technology
Since 1990s, the development of nanometer technology achieves surprising progress, is Material Field " work of new generation
Industry revolution ".The fast development of nanometer technology, brand-new opportunity is provided for the Strengthening and Toughening research of composite.In composite
Nanometer technology is utilized in production, structure control can be carried out to composite, improve mechanical performance.
Aluminum matrix composite have low low-density, thermal coefficient of expansion, high ratio modulus, high tenacity, good fatigue resistance and
The features such as impact resistance, it is widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, automobile, electronics.7075 aluminium alloys have high specific strength, good
Good mechanical performance, processability, wearability, corrosion resistance and inoxidizability, the good matrix as aluminum matrix composite.Carbonization
Boron particles not only have high intensity, also with characteristics such as high-melting-point, low-density, good heat endurances, multiple as aluminium base
The enhancing phase of condensation material, the introducing of boron carbide can increase substantially the specific strength of composite.But with science and technology it is fast
Speed development, traditional aluminum matrix composite can not meet actual demand, particularly national strategy new industry and national defence
Sophisticated technology field.According to Hall Page formulaUnderstand that the intensity of material is carried with the reduction of crystallite dimension
It is high.The application of nanometer technology in composite, can effectively improve composite comprehensive mechanical performance, meet more need
Ask.
However, the skin effect of nano particle and high activity, prior powder metallurgy Thermal Cycling easily cause nanometer
Crystal grain is grown up, and greatly destroys the excellent properties of nano composite material.Low temperature ball milling prepares nano-powder structural material
One of main method, is acted on by roll deformation, fracture and the soldering of material powder, the crystallite dimension of material is made in a short time
Below 100nm is dropped to, and during low temperature ball milling, ball-milling medium liquid nitrogen reacts the small nitridation of generation with aluminium alloy
Thing, this has very important effect to the heat endurance for improving nanocrystalline powder and block.Nanometer powder is easily oxidized, with temperature
The rise oxidation rate of degree is improved, and therefore, needs that nanometer powder is exhausted before sintering.The unstability of nanocrystal
It is set easily to grow up at high temperature, plasma discharging activated sintering is directly rapidly heated by DC pulse to sample, the short time
And sintering process is completed at a lower temperature, efficiently control growing up for crystal grain.This patent proposes a kind of new " from lower
On " powder metallurgy process prepare nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, be combined with reference to low temperature ball milling and plasma agglomeration
Method, prepares the composite that consistency is high, crystal grain is tiny.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be intended to improve aluminum matrix composite mechanical performance there is provided one kind low temperature ball milling, electric discharge etc.
Ion sintering process, which prepares boron carbide particles, strengthens the method for nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite.
The present invention is to realize that its purpose uses following technical scheme：
The boron carbide particles that the present invention is provided strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, including following
Step：
(1) batch mixing：By mass, the content of wherein boron carbide powder and Al alloy powder is respectively 1%-5% and 95%-
99%, Al alloy powder and boron carbide powder are mixed and are fitted into bottle, light-duty ball mill batch mixing is placed, obtains well mixed answer
Close powder；
(2) low temperature ball milling：Well mixed composite granule is placed in stainless steel jar mill, entered at temperature≤- 183 DEG C
Row ball milling；
(3) powder is vented：Composite granule after ball milling is fitted into graphite jig, then put it into vacuum hotpressing stove
It is exhausted, obtains composite nano-powder to be sintered；
(4) plasma activated sintering：By composite nano-powder in graphite jig, through surface active, plasma activation
Sintering, obtains boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite block；
(5) it is heat-treated：Boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite block is put into Muffle furnace, entered
Row solid solution and T6 Ageing Treatments.
In the above method, the Al alloy powder is 7075 Al alloy powders, and powder diameter is 60-80 μm.
In the above method, purity >=99.9% of the boron carbide, powder diameter is 2-3 μm.
In the above method, described low temperature mechanical milling process is completed in agitating ball mill, and drum's speed of rotation is 400-
600rpm, ball material mass ratio is 20:1-40:1, Ball-milling Time is 4-8h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
In the above method, described powder exhaust is carried out in a vacuum furnace, vacuum 10-2-10-3Pa, delivery temperature is 80
DEG C -150 DEG C, evacuation time 5h-12h.
In the above method, described surface activating process is：Activate voltage 20kV, activation current 100A, soak time
30s。
In the above method, described plasma activated sintering technique is：Vacuum≤10Pa, sintering pressure is 0-80MPa,
Sintering temperature is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 1-5min.
In the above method, described heat treatment process parameter is：450 DEG C of insulation 2h of solution treatment, 120 DEG C of guarantors of Ageing Treatment
Warm 24h, hardening media is water.
Boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by the present invention is thin with consistency height, crystal grain
Small the features such as, it can be widely applied to the high-tech areas such as Aero-Space, automobile and military affairs.
The preparation method advantage for boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite that the present invention is provided is：
Obtain that doping ratio is controllable and the finely dispersed nanocrystalline powder of boron carbide by low temperature ball milling, it is low by discharge plasma sintering
Temperature, quickly prepare nanometer/ultra-fine crystal composite material.The 7075 aluminium alloy matter selected are soft, using high rotating speed, the ball milling work of short time
Skill can obtain that nanocrystalline and preparation efficiency is high.7075 soft aluminium alloys of matter are rolled by mill ball in low temperature mechanical milling process, made
Deformation, fracture, coldwelding, the hard boron carbide particles broken chips of matter are then evenly embedded into 7075 aluminium alloys.From particle diameter 60-
80 μm of 7075 aluminium alloys and boron carbide particles of 2-3 μm compared with small particle are conducive to boron carbide particles in low temperature mechanical milling process uniform
Embedded 7075 aluminium alloys.The unstability of nanocrystal makes it easily grow up at high temperature, and plasma discharging activated sintering passes through
DC pulse is directly rapidly heated to sample and completes sintering process under relatively low temperature, larger pressure, efficiently controls
Crystal grain is grown up.By the transmission electron microscopy figure of block, find there is nanometer crystalline region and fine grained region in block, and with ball milling
The increase of time, evacuation time and sintering temperature, nanometer crystalline region are gradually decreased, and fine grained region is gradually increased.
The present invention has following major advantage compared with prior art：
1. using cryomilling, the high Ball-milling Time of rotating speed is short, and production efficiency is high, obtained boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/
The enhancing of Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite is mutually uniformly distributed and matrix is combined closely with enhancing.
2. the content of oxygen element in product is less than 1% by the exhaust of low temperature powder before composite granule sintering, reduce synthesis
During metallic atom oxidation, before sintering to charging mould carry out degasification after, it is possible to reduce sintering stomata produce, improve
The consistency of sample.
3. low temperature ball milling and discharge plasma sintering (PAS) technique are used, obtained boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/ultra-fine
The proportioning controllability of brilliant aluminum matrix composite is good；Good compactness, higher than 90%；Crystal grain is tiny, and crystallite dimension is within 200nm；
Hardness is up to 242.5HV, and compression yield strength reaches 866MPa.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the transmission electricity of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by embodiment 1
Sub- microphotograph and matrix grain size statistic figure.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the transmission electricity of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by embodiment 2
Sub- microphotograph and matrix grain size statistic figure.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the transmission electricity of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by embodiment 3
Sub- microphotograph and matrix grain size statistic figure.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is the transmission electricity of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by embodiment 4
Sub- microphotograph and matrix grain size statistic figure.
Fig. 9 is that boron carbide particles prepared by embodiment 4 strengthen the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite.
Figure 10 is that the compressive strength of boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite prepared by embodiment 4 should
Power and strain curve.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but is not limited to content described below.
Embodiment 1
(1) 75 μm of 7075 Al alloy powder and 2 μm of boron carbide powders are taken, by mass, 7075 powder are 92.5% and carbon
Change boron powder 7.5% to mix, place light-duty ball mill and obtain composite powder with 150 revs/min of mixing 24h；
(2) mixed uniformly composite powder in step (1) is fitted into ball milling in stainless cylinder of steel, drum's speed of rotation is
400rpm, ball material mass ratio is 20:1, Ball-milling Time is 4h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
(3) composite nano-powder in step (2) is loaded into graphite jig, is put into vacuum drying oven and is vented, wherein, exhaust temperature
100 DEG C of degree, evacuation time 10h.
(4) graphite jig in step (3) is put into surface active and sintering in plasma asistance sintering equipment (PAS)；
Wherein, surface activating process is：Load time is 30s, and voltage is 20kV, and electric current is 100A.Sintering process is：Vacuum≤
10Pa, sintering pressure is 80MPa, and sintering temperature is 450 DEG C, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 5min, that is, obtains boron carbide particles enhancing
Nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block.
(5) boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block in step (4) is put into Muffle furnace at heat
Reason.Wherein, solution treatment is 450 DEG C of insulation 2h, and aging temp is 120 DEG C, and aging time is 24h, and hardening media is water.
Detected through Archimedes method, transmission electron microanalysis, Vickers hardness and compressive strength, gained boron carbide particles increase
The technical parameter of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite is by force：Consistency is 98.86%, matrix grain size 259nm, hardness
For 223.0HV, compression yield strength is 709.1MPa.
Embodiment 2
(1) 60 μm of 7075 Al alloy powder and 2 μm of boron carbide powders are taken, by mass, 7075 powder are 99% and carbonization
Boron powder 1% is mixed, and is placed light-duty ball mill and is obtained composite powder with 150 revs/min of mixing 24h；
(2) mixed uniformly composite powder in step 1 is fitted into ball milling in stainless cylinder of steel, drum's speed of rotation is 600rpm,
Ball material mass ratio is 40:1, Ball-milling Time is 8h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
(3) composite nano-powder in step 2 is loaded into graphite jig, is put into vacuum drying oven and is vented, wherein, delivery temperature
100 DEG C, evacuation time 10h.
(4) graphite jig in step 3 is put into surface active and sintering in plasma asistance sintering equipment (PAS)；Its
In, surface activating process is：Load time is 30s, and voltage is 20kV, and electric current is 100A.Sintering process is：Vacuum≤
10Pa, sintering pressure is 80MPa, and sintering temperature is 350 DEG C, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 5min, that is, obtains boron carbide particles enhancing
Nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block.
(5) boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block in step 4 is put into Muffle furnace at heat
Reason.Wherein, solution treatment is to rise to 480 DEG C in 466 DEG C of insulations 2h, 1h, and aging temp is 120 DEG C, and aging time is 18h, is quenched
Fiery medium is water.
Detected through Archimedes method, transmission electron microanalysis, Vickers hardness and compressive strength, gained boron carbide particles increase
The technical parameter of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite is by force：Its consistency is 93.86%, matrix grain size 73nm, hardness
For 210.0HV, compression yield strength is 434.22MPa.
Embodiment 3
(1) 75 μm of 7075 Al alloy powder and 2 μm of boron carbide powders are taken, by mass, 7075 powder are 92.5% and carbon
Change boron powder 7.5% to mix, place light-duty ball mill and obtain composite powder with 150 revs/min of mixing 24h；
(2) mixed uniformly composite powder in step 1 is fitted into ball milling in stainless cylinder of steel, drum's speed of rotation is 600rpm,
Ball material mass ratio is 25:1, Ball-milling Time is 6h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
(3) composite nano-powder in step 2 is loaded into graphite jig, is put into vacuum drying oven and is vented, wherein, delivery temperature
100 DEG C, evacuation time 5h.
(4) composite nano-powder in step 2 is put into surface active and burning in plasma asistance sintering equipment (PAS)
Knot；Wherein, surface activating process is：Load time is 30s, and voltage is 20kV, and electric current is 100A.Sintering process is：Vacuum
≤ 10Pa, sintering pressure is 800MPa, and sintering temperature is 450 DEG C, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 5min, that is, obtains boron carbide particles increasing
Strong nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block.
(5) boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block in step 4 is put into Muffle furnace at heat
Reason.Wherein, solution treatment is to rise to 480 DEG C in 466 DEG C of insulations 2h, 1h, and aging temp is 120 DEG C, and aging time is 18h, is quenched
Fiery medium is water.
Detected through Archimedes method, transmission electron microanalysis, Vickers hardness and compressive strength, gained boron carbide particles increase
The technical parameter of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite is by force：Its consistency be 97.67%, matrix grain size 112nm, firmly
Spend for 220.2HV, compression yield strength is 812.34MPa.
Embodiment 4
(1) 75 μm of 7075 Al alloy powder and 2 μm of boron carbide powders are taken, by mass, 7075 powder are 92.5% and carbon
Change boron powder 7.5% to mix, place light-duty ball mill and obtain composite powder with 150 revs/min of mixing 24h；
(2) mixed uniformly composite powder in step 1 is fitted into ball milling in stainless cylinder of steel, drum's speed of rotation is 600rpm,
Ball material mass ratio is 25:1, Ball-milling Time is 8h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
(3) composite nano-powder in step 2 is loaded into graphite jig, is put into vacuum drying oven and is vented, wherein, delivery temperature
100 DEG C, evacuation time 10h.
(4) composite nano-powder in step 3 is put into surface active and burning in plasma asistance sintering equipment (PAS)
Knot；Wherein, surface activating process is：Load time is 30s, and voltage is 20kV, and electric current is 100A.Sintering process is：Vacuum
≤ 10Pa, sintering pressure is 80MPa, and sintering temperature is 450 DEG C, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 5min, that is, obtains boron carbide particles increasing
Strong nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block.
(5) boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum-base composite block in step 4 is put into Muffle furnace at heat
Reason.Wherein, solution treatment is to rise to 480 DEG C in 466 DEG C of insulations 2h, 1h, and aging temp is 120 DEG C, and aging time is 18h, is quenched
Fiery medium is water.
Detected through Archimedes method, transmission electron microanalysis, Vickers hardness and compressive strength, gained boron carbide particles increase
The technical parameter of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite is by force：Its consistency be 99.27%, matrix grain size 185nm, firmly
Spend for 242.5HV, compression yield strength is 866MPa.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of boron carbide particles strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is characterized in that including：
(1) batch mixing：By mass, the content of wherein boron carbide powder and Al alloy powder is respectively 1%-5% and 95%-
99%, Al alloy powder and boron carbide powder are mixed and are fitted into bottle, light-duty ball mill batch mixing is placed, obtains well mixed answer
Close powder；
(2) low temperature ball milling：Well mixed composite granule is placed in stainless steel jar mill, ball is carried out at temperature≤- 183 DEG C
Mill；
(3) powder is vented：Composite granule after ball milling is fitted into graphite jig, then puts it into vacuum hotpressing stove and carries out
Exhaust, obtains composite nano-powder to be sintered；
(4) plasma activated sintering：By composite nano-powder in graphite jig, through surface active, plasma activated sintering,
Obtain boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite block；
(5) it is heat-treated：Boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite block is put into Muffle furnace, consolidate
Molten and T6 Ageing Treatments.
2. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that the Al alloy powder is 7075 Al alloy powders, powder diameter is 60-80 μm.
3. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Purity >=99.9% for being the boron carbide is levied, powder diameter is 2-3 μm.
4. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that described low temperature mechanical milling process is completed in agitating ball mill, drum's speed of rotation is 400-600rpm, ball material mass ratio
For 20:1-40:1, Ball-milling Time is 4-8h, and ball-milling medium is liquid nitrogen.
5. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that described powder exhaust is carried out in a vacuum furnace, vacuum 10-2-10-3Pa, delivery temperature is 80 DEG C -150 DEG C, exhaust
Time 5h-12h.
6. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that described surface activating process is：Activate voltage 20kV, activation current 100A, soak time 30s.
7. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that described plasma activated sintering technique is：Vacuum≤10Pa, sintering pressure is 0-80MPa, and sintering temperature is 300
DEG C -500 DEG C, the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 1-5min.
8. boron carbide particles according to claim 1 strengthen the preparation method of nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite, it is special
Levy and be that described heat treatment process parameter is：450 DEG C of insulation 2h of solution treatment, 120 DEG C of insulation 24h of Ageing Treatment, quenching is situated between
Matter is water.
9. boron carbide particles enhancing nanometer/Ultra-fine Grained aluminum matrix composite that in claim 1 to 8 prepared by any methods described,
Its application in for Aero-Space, automobile or military field.
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