CN107079843A - Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method - Google Patents
Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107079843A CN107079843A CN201710303172.XA CN201710303172A CN107079843A CN 107079843 A CN107079843 A CN 107079843A CN 201710303172 A CN201710303172 A CN 201710303172A CN 107079843 A CN107079843 A CN 107079843A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method, is related to a kind of fingerling cultivating method.The present invention is to solve the high technical problem of the death rate during Coregonus ussuriensis seed large-scale cultivation, this method is as follows：First, by Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes；2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening is after 15 to 20 days, from a kind of large cyclop (aquatic zooplankter, cladocera) feed 5~10 days, then fed 10~15 days through water earthworm perfect compound feed food mud, last prelarva adapts to perfect compound feed domestication, to fry body weight up to 8~10g seed, that is, complete the cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed；It is 4000~5000 tails/m that fry body weight, which is more than cultivation density after 0.3g, in step 23.The Coregonus ussuriensis seed quality better that the present invention is cultivated, survival rate can bring up to more than 80%.The invention belongs to fish seed rearing field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fingerling cultivating method.
Background technology
Coregonus ussuriensis (Coregonus ussuransis Berg) is commonly called as Ya Basha, rabbit fish, belongs to salmon shape mesh, salmonidae,
Whitefish subfamily, Coregonus.It, which is liked, perches water quality clarification, and water temperature is relatively low, chad substrate, and the river with certain flow rate belongs to the arctic
The cold water fish of fresh water fauna complex.Because major production areas is located at the boundary river of Sino-Russian two countries, and the production to boundary river does not add limit
System, overfishing, especially Sino-Russian two countries fisherman largely fishes for the juvenile fish of 100-200 grams of body weight, directly affects resource just
Often supplement, big individual advanced age fish is extremely rare.
Rare high-quality fish culture is the development trend of World Aquaculture, China's development of cold water fishes cultivation in recent years
Speed is very fast, but the species of cultivation is mostly that, for external introduced variety, the impact by imported product is very big, to Chinese special
Color and the exploitation of the fine quality of independent intellectual property right are increasingly obtained attention.Foundation to Coregonus ussuriensis parent fish population, not only
The high excellent breed variety of an economic value can be developed for China, dependence of the people to wild commodity can also be reduced,
It is significant to saving species in imminent danger, recovery natural resources.It is dead during current Coregonus ussuriensis seed large-scale cultivation
Die rate high, and the rearing of fingerling of other fish is excessively cumbersome, is not easy to batch production, is not particularly suited for Coregonus ussuriensis seedling
Plant the cultivation of scale.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve the high technical problem of the death rate during Coregonus ussuriensis seed large-scale cultivation there is provided
A kind of Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method.
Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method is followed the steps below：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water
Flow, in lucifuge, temperature be to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 2 DEG C~5 DEG C, removed during rupture of membranes ovum skin,
Dead ovum and dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is trained
Educate, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp, and daily saturation feeds fairy shrimp (often
10000 tail prelarvas need to hatch 20 grams of brine shrimp eggs, and fairy shrimp is exactly brine shrimp ovum, it is necessary to hatch into larva, and the larva is named
The arthropod that can be moved about for fairy shrimp) and every 10000 tail of day feeding volume using lyophilized 20 grams of brine shrimp eggs, per natural gift 2 times
Hatch worm's ovum, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening is raised after 15 to 20 days from large cyclop (a kind of aquatic zooplankter, cladocera)
Feed 5~10 days, then through water earthworm-(mass ratio of water earthworm and perfect compound feed is 3 to perfect compound feed food mud：1) feed
10~15 days, last prelarva adapted to perfect compound feed domestication, and the feed mode of any of the above bait is：6 times a day, often take second place
Between be spaced 2 hours, day feeding volume be prelarva body weight 10%~15%, cultivate temperature be 6~8 DEG C (this is the core of this patent
Part, be exactly prelarva 0.3 gram of stage, it is necessary to specified temp is cultivated, can be more after function waiting to consume and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM are strengthened
Wide in range temperature range is grown), treat fry body weight reach 0.3g, cultivate temperature be 4~16 DEG C (stage belongs to young stage,
Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is strong, ingests more autonomous, therefore can live in more wide in range water temperature, and the period is also what nature was selected
As a result.Because in nature, this size will also survive the winter under the ice sheet in great river, thus be the result evolved.This is latter
It can directly survive in this temperature range.But juvenile fish fry stage must live in 6-8 DEG C of condition in prelarva -0.3 gram
Under.), feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, daily feeding volume 5%~6% is cultivated for fry body weight, treats
Fry body weight up to 3g change daily feed 2~3 times, every time between be spaced 4~6 hours, daily feeding volume for fry body weight 3%~
4%, continue to cultivate the seed to fry body weight up to 8~10g, that is, complete the cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed；Fry in step 2
It is 4000~5000 tails/m that body weight, which is more than cultivation density after 0.3g,3。
Groove is placed side by side in step one to be carried out disinfection with 20ppm PVP-Is and 800ppm formaldehyde.
The intensity of illumination of the fry rearing water surface is 10~100Lux in step 2, and light application time is less than 12 hours/day.
The inventive method has the advantages that ecological demonstration friendly, easy to operate, with low cost, easy to spread.Present invention training
The Coregonus ussuriensis seed quality better educated, survival rate can bring up to more than 80%, effectively improve in traditional type of rearing
High mortality, the directly application complete feed opening death rate are high, while also being tamed and dociled for the prelarva opening of other predacious fish with artificial
Change there is provided reference and experience, and realize large-scale cultivation.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act embodiment set forth below, in addition between each embodiment
Any combination.
Embodiment one：Present embodiment Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method is followed the steps below：
First, 50000 embryonated eggs are put into flushing type hatching apparatus and (standardize special flushing type hatching apparatus for diameter
25cm, high 50cm acrylic material taper) in it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water-carrying capacity, in lucifuge, temperature
Spend to hatch under the conditions of 2 DEG C~5 DEG C to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes, ovum skin, dead ovum and dead seedling are removed during rupture of membranes；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, put by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit (50cm × 50cm × 50cm)
The density for supporting 10000 tails is cultivated, and Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp, and daily
Saturation feeds fairy shrimp (every 10000 tail prelarva need to hatch 20 grams of brine shrimp eggs), per 2 hatching worm's ovums of natural gift, Coregonus ussuriensis
Prelarva opening is fed 5~10 days after 15 to 20 days from large cyclop, then through water earthworm-perfect compound feed food mud feeding 10
~15 days, last prelarva adapted to perfect compound feed domestication, and the feed mode of any of the above bait is：6 times a day, between every time
Interval 2 hours, day feeding volume is the 10%~15% of prelarva body weight, and it is 6~8 DEG C to cultivate temperature, treats that fry body weight reaches 0.3g, training
Educate temperature for 4~16 DEG C, feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, daily feeding volume is the 5%~6% of fry body weight
Cultivated, treat fry body weight up to 3g change daily feed 2~3 times, every time between be spaced 4~6 hours, daily feeding volume be fry
The 3%~4% of body weight, continues to cultivate the seed to fry body weight up to 8~10g, that is, completes the cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed；Step
It is 4000~5000 tails/m that fry body weight, which is more than cultivation density after 0.3g, in rapid two3。
It is dynamic when removing ovum skin, dead ovum and dead seedling in the Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes stage in present embodiment step one
Make soft, instrument will be sterilized through 20ppm PVP-Is and 800ppm formaldehyde, shadow shield be covered after operation, to avoid strong light straight
Penetrate.
Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage refers to prelarva Initial feeding to successfully feeding perfect compound feed in step 2
Process.
The density that circulating water cultivation unit puts 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed is cultivated, and is conducive to bacterial gill rot disease, Gyrodactylus, bacillary intestines
The preventing and treating of the diseases such as scorching and small melonworm, improves opening-domestication rate of prelarva.Due to just incubating Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva digestive system hair
Educate not perfect enough, so being directly open from biological feed, carry out reinforced cultivating from water flea afterwards, then through water earthworm-full price
Mixed feed eats mud transition, and last prelarva adapts to complete feed domestication.
From fairy shrimp opening, water earthworm reinforcing, biological feed eats mud transition with perfect compound feed, is finally reached full price
Mixed feed is tamed with raising.Effectively reduce the death rate of early stage seed.Therefore, using more ecological and soft means
Carry out the large-scale cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed.Present embodiment according to the digestive system development of Coregonus ussuriensis seed not yet
The features such as improving with resistance to hungry ability, using fairy shrimp opening, water earthworm is eaten mud transition with perfect compound feed, is finally reached
The purpose that perfect compound feed is raised.Good effect is achieved by the cultivation of this method, cultivation cost is reduced, expands
Cultivation scale, makes Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening domestication rate be up to more than 80%.
At present, during salmon fishes seed large-scale cultivation, cultivation density is calculated with water body bearing capacity, the seed stage
General 3-5 kilograms of cultivation density/m3, occur high mortality problem in the seed rearing stage for years, the death rate up to 80% with
On, reason is that line density division should not be entered with water body bearing capacity, and Population should be accumulated using unit of water body as division limits.This reality
Embodiment is applied by the seed stage, per unit water volume puts rear cultivation density in a suitable place to breed will be in 4000-5000 tails/m3, significantly improve
Survival rate.
Embodiment two：The hatching of present embodiment and embryonated egg in step one unlike embodiment one
Temperature is 3 DEG C.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment and embryonated egg in step one unlike embodiment one or two
Incubation temperature is 4 DEG C.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four：Placed side by side in step one unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three
Groove is carried out disinfection with 20ppm PVP-Is and 800ppm formaldehyde.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Fry in step 2 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four
The intensity of illumination for cultivating the water surface is 10~100Lux, and light application time is less than 12 hours/day.Other with embodiment one to
One of four is identical.
Embodiment six：Fry in step 2 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five
The intensity of illumination for cultivating the water surface is 20~80Lux.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment seven：Bait in step 2 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six
Feed mode be：6 times a day, every time between be spaced 2 hours, day feeding volume be prelarva body weight 13%, cultivate temperature be 7
℃.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight：Fish is treated in step 2 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven
Seedling body weighs 0.3g, and it is 5~10 DEG C to cultivate temperature, feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, daily feeding volume is fry
The 5.5% of body weight is cultivated.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight described in step 2
The hatching method of fairy shrimp：
(1) brine shrimp eggs for shelling are soaked in less than 10 DEG C of fresh water or seawater 1-2 hours；
(2) it is configured to shell solution：Every 70 grams -200 grams lyophilized brine shrimp eggs, 270 milliliters -772 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen
10.5 grams -30 grams of sodium oxide molybdena is configured to 980 milliliters of -2800 milliliters of dejacketing solutions with seawater；
(3) shell：Dejacketing solution is put into after brine shrimp eggs after water suction are drained, the dejacketing solution drop of brine shrimp eggs is will be equipped with
Temperature, prevents from being warming up to more than 40 DEG C, is stirred continuously and inflates 5min~15min, when can't see coffee-like chorion, in Chinese red ovum
When, stop stirring inflation, shell and finish；
(4) clean and go chlorine residue：The brine shrimp eggs shelled are collected for the bolting silk of 100 mesh with aperture, with clear water and seawater
Rinse, untill it can't smell chlorine flavor, obtain artemia cysts, artemia cysts is put in dilute by 12.6 grams -36 grams of sodium thiosulfate
In solution after releasing in 1min and chlorine residue, finally with fresh water or seawater flushing.Other phases one of with embodiment one to eight
Together.
Embodiment ten：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine described in step 2
The hatching method of fairy shrimp：
(1) brine shrimp eggs for shelling are soaked in less than 10 DEG C of fresh water or seawater 1-2 hours；
(2) dejacketing solution is configured：Every 70 grams -200 grams lyophilized brine shrimp eggs, 270 milliliters -772 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen-oxygen
Change 10.5 grams -30 grams of sodium and be configured to 980 milliliters of -2800 milliliters of dejacketing solutions with seawater；
(3) shell：Dejacketing solution is put into after brine shrimp eggs after water suction are drained, the dejacketing solution cooling of brine shrimp eggs is will be equipped with
(dejacketing solution for filling brine shrimp eggs is put into the liquid with ice cube or other cooling devices and dropped), prevents from being warming up to more than 40 DEG C,
5min~15min is stirred continuously and inflates and (forbid dejacketing solution to flash, to prevent dejacketing solution to be splashed into return flume), when can't see coffee color
Chorion, during in Chinese red ovum, stops stirring inflation, shells and finish；
(4) clean and go chlorine residue：The brine shrimp eggs shelled are collected for the bolting silk of 100 mesh with aperture, with clear water and seawater
Rinse, untill it can't smell chlorine flavor, obtain artemia cysts, artemia cysts is put in dilute by 12.6 grams -36 grams of sodium thiosulfate
In solution after releasing in 1min and chlorine residue, finally with fresh water or seawater flushing；
(5) hatch：The brine shrimp eggs or artemia cysts that are handled by step (4) are put into fairy shrimp hatching barrel, in sea
Salinity water be 26~33 ‰ under conditions of hatch fairy shrimp.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to nine.
The ratio such as following table of medicine used in present embodiment：
Table 1
| The dry ovum (g) of fairy shrimp | 80 | 90 | 100 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 |
| Sodium hydroxide (g) | 12 | 13.5 | 15 | 18 | 22.5 | 27 | 30 |
| Sodium hypochlorite (ml) | 309 | 347 | 386 | 463 | 579 | 694 | 772 |
| Sodium thiosulfate (g) | 14 | 16 | 18 | 22 | 27 | 32 | 36 |
| Dejacketing solution (ml) | 1120 | 1260 | 1400 | 1680 | 2100 | 2520 | 2800 |
Using following experimental verifications effect of the present invention：
Experimental group：
Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method is followed the steps below：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water
Flow, in lucifuge, temperature be to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 4 DEG C, removed during rupture of membranes ovum skin, dead ovum and
Dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is trained
Educate, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp, and daily saturation feeds fairy shrimp, daily
Divide 2 hatching worm's ovums, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening 20 days is fed 10 days from large cyclop, then is coordinated through water earthworm-full price
Feed food mud is fed 10 days, and last prelarva adapts to perfect compound feed domestication, and the feed mode of any of the above bait is：Daily 6
It is secondary, every time between be spaced 2 hours, day feeding volume be prelarva body weight 12%, cultivate temperature be 7 DEG C, treat fry body weight reach 0.3g,
It is 10 DEG C to cultivate temperature, feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, daily feeding volume 5% is trained for fry body weight
Educate, treat fry body weight up to 3g change daily feed 3 times, every time between be spaced 5 hours, daily feeding volume be fry body weight 4%, after
It is continuous to cultivate to fry body weight the seed for reaching 10g, that is, complete the cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed；Fry body weight is more than in step 2
Cultivation density is 5000 tails/m after 0.3g3。
Groove is placed side by side in step one to be carried out disinfection with 20ppm PVP-Is and 800ppm formaldehyde.Fry rearing water in step 2
The intensity of illumination in face is 10~100Lux, and light application time is less than 12 hours/day.
The hatching method of fairy shrimp described in step 2：
(1) brine shrimp eggs for shelling are soaked in less than 10 DEG C of fresh water or seawater 1-2 hours；
(2) it is configured to shell solution：Every 70 grams of lyophilized brine shrimp eggs, 270 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite, 10.5 grams of sodium hydroxide with
Seawater is configured to 980 milliliters of dejacketing solutions；
(3) shell：Dejacketing solution is put into after brine shrimp eggs after water suction are drained, the dejacketing solution drop of brine shrimp eggs is will be equipped with
Temperature, prevents from being warming up to more than 40 DEG C, is stirred continuously and inflates 10min, when can't see coffee-like chorion, during in Chinese red ovum, stops
Only stirring inflation, shells and finishes；
(4) clean and go chlorine residue：The brine shrimp eggs shelled are collected for the bolting silk of 100 mesh with aperture, with clear water and seawater
Rinse, untill it can't smell chlorine flavor, obtain artemia cysts, artemia cysts is put in after 12.6 grams of sodium thiosulfate dilution
In solution in 1min and chlorine residue, finally with fresh water or seawater flushing.
Control group A carries out seed large-scale cultivation from the breeding method of fine-scaled graphite salmon, and specific method is：
Start within 5~7 days to feed aquatic zooplankter (large cyclop) after prelarva floats, feed 20 day time, throw daily
Feed 6 times, Coregonus ussuriensis is not still agreeable to the taste (water flea individual is too big), and active ingestion ability is poor；Continuation is added with water earthworm afterwards
Strong feeding, reinforcing feeds 10 day time, fed daily 6 times, but the Coregonus ussuriensis stage shows obvious malnutrition, raw
Length is delayed；Afterwards in the food mud mixed from water earthworm with perfect compound feed (according to the water earthworm of Mechanical Crushing:Powdered people
Work feed volume ratio is 1:3) (15 days) are fed, feeds daily 6 times, then constantly reduces water earthworm mixed proportion, progressively
From perfect compound feed (man-made feeds), group is induced (15 days), last constantly (artificial from particle perfect compound feed
Feed) (30 days) are fed, feed daily 6 times, so complete the opening domestication of Coregonus ussuriensis fry stage with cultivating,
It is 60% to tame survival rate.
Control group B carries out Coregonus ussuriensis seed rearing from the breeding method of rainbow trout, and specific method is：Floated in prelarva
After 5~7 days, directly fed, fed daily 6 times, supersaturation feeds stimulation 7~10 using powdered perfect compound feed
My god, domestication survival rate is 30%.
Experimental result：The survival rate of experimental group Coregonus ussuriensis can reach more than 80%.Control group A Coregonus ussuriensis into
Motility rate can reach 60%, but most of bodies are thin, malnutritive, slow-growing.Control group B is because Coregonus ussuriensis is to man-made feeds
Fastness, a large amount of fries can not smoothly complete and ingest first, cause fry due to hungry dead or reach hungry non-reversible point
Death, survival rate only has 30%.
By to the comparative study of experimental group and control group discovery, fine-scaled graphite seeding cultivating method is excessively cumbersome and complexity, and
Large-scale aquatic zooplankter opening is not suitable for, because the most of schistostoma width for having exceeded Coregonus ussuriensis of the individual of water flea, more
Importantly water flea nutritive value is too low, although obtains relative feed and is preferably open effect, but due to nutrition and energy with
Not the characteristics of upper fish body fast-growth, cause growth delayed, development is slow, and then cause disease, the death rate is improved.And select
It is excessively simple with the fry rearing method of rainbow trout, it is more biased towards due to hybridizing the feeding habits of salmon in carnivorous, therefore fry opening early stage
Aquatic zooplankter must be fed, the active ingestion ability of itself can have just been excited, digestive function smoothly set up, directly from people
Work feed carries out opening domestication, causes Coregonus ussuriensis fry early stage to produce fastness, it is impossible to excite its active ingestion ability, by
It is dead very high caused by starvation.Therefore, present embodiment is according to the characteristics of Coregonus ussuriensis ecological habit and digestive system
It has developed the breeding method for being suitable for the domestication of Coregonus ussuriensis fry opening.
The perfect compound feed component list of table 2 (%, by weight)
| Imported fish meal | 48.00 |
| Blood meal | 5.00 |
| Liver powder | 1.00 |
| Dregs of beans | 16.58 |
| Wheat-middlings | 5.00 |
| Corn flour | 5.00 |
| Import fish oil | 16.00 |
| Phospholipid powder | 2.00 |
| Vitamin | 0.50 |
| Trace element | 0.50 |
| Choline | 0.20 |
| BHT | 0.02 |
| Zeolite | 0.20 |
| It is total | 100.00 |
Experiment two：
Experimental group：
Coregonus ussuriensis seed prelarva opening stage breeding method：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water
Flow, in lucifuge, temperature be to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 3 DEG C, removed during rupture of membranes ovum skin, dead ovum and
Dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is trained
Educate, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp.From fairy shrimp opening palatability more
It is good, the effect of being greatly facilitated is served from endogenous nutrition to exogenous overnutrition for prelarva, is conducive to stimulating prelarva opening.
Because fairy shrimp is nutritious, individual is small, in swimming feature up and down, is easy to prelarva to prey on.For the Usu of early stage initial feeding
In for whitefish, fairy shrimp is adapted to the most as biological open-mouthed bait, and nutritious.Prelarva opening domestication rate and survival rate
98% and 85% can be reached respectively.
Control group one：
Coregonus ussuriensis seed prelarva opening stage breeding method：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water
Flow, in lucifuge, temperature be to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 3 DEG C, removed during rupture of membranes ovum skin, dead ovum and
Dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is trained
Educate, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is that bait is fed from man-made feeds.From man-made feeds opening, due to agreeable to the taste
Property it is poor, prelarva eats to enter largely, eat feeding in the case of, can polluted-water, cause prelarva to infect fin rot.Due to length
Phase can not obtain nutritious and agreeable to the taste bait, and larvae growth is slow, and fish body is become thin, and resistance against diseases declines, and prelarva opening is tamed and dociled
Rate and survival rate are relatively low, and respectively 30% and 20%.
Control group two：
Coregonus ussuriensis seed prelarva opening stage breeding method：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of water
Flow, in lucifuge, temperature be to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 3 DEG C, removed during rupture of membranes ovum skin, dead ovum and
Dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is trained
Educate, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening stage is fed from water flea biological feed.It is open from water flea, due to water flea trip
Swimming ability is strong, and is of low nutritive value, and causes prelarva predation difficult, and can not obtain the nutrient protein of more horn of plenty.Although suitable
Mouth property is solved, but nutrition does not catch up with.Prelarva opening domestication rate and survival rate, which are divided into, can reach 80% and 60%.
Claims (9)
1. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method, it is characterised in that Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method enters according to following steps
OK：
First, by 50000 embryonated eggs be put into flushing type hatching apparatus it is sterilized place side by side in groove, with 5 liters/min of current
Amount, in lucifuge, temperature it is to hatch to Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva rupture of membranes under the conditions of 2 DEG C~5 DEG C, ovum skin is removed during rupture of membranes, dead
Ovum and dead seedling；
2nd, after Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva floats, the density for putting 10000 tails in a suitable place to breed by each temperature control circulating water cultivation unit is cultivated, crow
Whitefish prelarva opening stage is that biological feed is fed from fairy shrimp in Soviet Union, and daily saturation feeds fairy shrimp, per natural gift 2
Secondary hatching worm's ovum, Coregonus ussuriensis prelarva opening is fed 5~10 days after 15 to 20 days from large cyclop, then through water earthworm-entirely
Valency mixed feed food mud is fed 10~15 days, and last prelarva adapts to perfect compound feed domestication, the feeding side of any of the above bait
Formula is：6 times a day, every time between be spaced 2 hours, day feeding volume be prelarva body weight 10%~15%, cultivate temperature be 6~8
DEG C, treat fry body weight reach 0.3g, cultivate temperature be 4~16 DEG C, feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, feed daily
Measure and cultivated for the 5%~6% of fry body weight, treat fry body weight up to 3g change daily feed 2~3 times, every time between interval 4~
6 hours, daily feeding volume was the 3%~4% of fry body weight, continues to cultivate the seed to fry body weight up to 8~10g, that is, completes
The cultivation of Coregonus ussuriensis seed；It is 4000~5000 tails/m that fry body weight, which is more than cultivation density after 0.3g, in step 23。
2. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hatching of embryonated egg in step one
Temperature is 3 DEG C.
3. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hatching of embryonated egg in step one
Temperature is 4 DEG C.
4. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that groove 20ppm is placed side by side in step one
PVP-I and 800ppm formaldehyde carry out disinfection.
5. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fry rearing water surface in step 2
Intensity of illumination be 10~100Lux, and light application time be less than 12 hours/day.
6. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the fry rearing water surface in step 2
Intensity of illumination be 20~80Lux.
7. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the feeding side of bait in step 2
Formula is：6 times a day, every time between be spaced 2 hours, day feeding volume be prelarva body weight 13%, cultivate temperature be 7 DEG C.
8. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that treat that fry body weight reaches in step 2
0.3g, it is 5~10 DEG C to cultivate temperature, feed daily 4 times, every time between be spaced 3 hours, daily feeding volume is fry body weight
5.5% is cultivated.
9. Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the hatching method of fairy shrimp described in step 2：
(1) brine shrimp eggs for shelling are soaked in less than 10 DEG C of fresh water or seawater 1-2 hours；
(2) it is configured to shell solution：Every 70 grams -200 grams lyophilized brine shrimp eggs, 270 milliliters -772 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite, hydroxide
10.5 grams -30 grams of sodium is configured to 980 milliliters of -2800 milliliters of dejacketing solutions with seawater；
(3) shell：Dejacketing solution is put into after brine shrimp eggs after water suction are drained, the dejacketing solution cooling of brine shrimp eggs is will be equipped with, prevents
More than 40 DEG C being only warming up to, 5min~15min is stirred continuously and inflates, when can't see coffee-like chorion, during in Chinese red ovum, being stopped
Only stirring inflation, shells and finishes；
(4) clean and go chlorine residue：The brine shrimp eggs that have shelled are collected for the bolting silk of 100 mesh with aperture, with clear water and seawater flushing,
Untill it can't smell chlorine flavor, artemia cysts is obtained, artemia cysts is put in after 12.6 grams -36 grams of sodium thiosulfate dilution
In solution in 1min and chlorine residue, finally with fresh water or seawater flushing；
(5) hatch：The brine shrimp eggs or artemia cysts that are handled by step (4) are put into fairy shrimp hatching barrel, in seawater salt
Spend to hatch fairy shrimp under conditions of 26~33 ‰.
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| CN108391607A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-14 | 广西平南县平原农牧有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of class of Of-digestive-tract |
| CN110432193A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-12 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Coregonus ussuriensis seed propagation in scale system and mating system |
| CN110537505A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-06 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所 | Method for breeding released fingerlings of Lasa schizothorax prenanti |
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| CN113647350A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-16 | 大连智慧渔业科技有限公司 | Industrial aquaculture full-growth-cycle bait feeding method for penaeus vannamei boone |
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