CN107056263A - 一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法,采用矿物原料及化工原料,其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为:坯料:湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿12%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、钛白粉2%、骨灰2%、钼酸铵1%、氧化铈1%;釉料:湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%;经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品,其烧成时间为6~8h,最高烧成温度为1250~1280℃,获得烧成温度宽、产品光泽度高、热稳定性能好的中温烧结新骨瓷,因此具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料(陶瓷)领域,具体涉及一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
骨质瓷长期以来一直是各国贵族用瓷,是目前世界上公认的高档瓷种。因其“薄如纸、透如镜、声如磬、白如玉”,瓷质细腻通透,器型美观典雅,彩面润泽光亮,花面多姿多彩的特点,成就了它洁白的质地和华贵的造型,兼有使用和艺术的双重价值,历史上是宫廷专用品和贵族收藏之珍品,是权力和地位的象征,号称“瓷器之王” ,被称为“绿色环保健康陶瓷”。骨质瓷以其高质量、高格调、高品位成为各大星级宾馆、百货超市、豪富家庭的必选用瓷,更是馈赠亲友的最佳礼品,骨质瓷已一跃成为国内高档瓷消费的主导。但骨质瓷与传统的高温瓷相比也有他的缺点,一是烧成温度范围窄,产品在烧制过程中容易产生变形、气泡、流釉的缺陷;二是热稳定性相对较差,骤冷骤热使用时,产品容易发生炸裂。因此研究发明一种具有骨质瓷优点,而且瓷体通透、釉面光泽度高、热稳定性好的长石质新骨瓷就具有非常大的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种烧成温度宽、产品光泽度高、热稳定性能好的中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法,采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为:
坯料:湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿12%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、钛白粉2%、骨灰2%、钼酸铵1%、氧化铈1%;
釉料:湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%;
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品,其烧成时间为6~8h,最高烧成温度为1250~1280℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1300℃-1320℃。
所述坯料制备工序为:按坯料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时,泥浆出磨细度为250目,筛余0.1%,出磨泥浆分别过120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁,然后陈腐7天以上,再真空练泥3次待用。
所述釉料制备工序为:按釉料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时,釉浆出磨细度为250目,万孔筛余0.01%,出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为:所述釉浆浓度控制为50 Be -52Be,在含水率为2%以下坯料上先施内釉,然后施外釉,所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180~20℃,一次未裂;获得制品的吸水率0.3%以下,釉面光泽度为大于80。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺,其烧成制度为:室温至800~950℃,升温速率3~4℃/min,并在800~950℃保温20 min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;窑内温度从800~950℃至1080~1130℃,升温速率1.5~2℃/min,此过程中窑内处于负压状态;窑内温度从1080~1130℃至1250~1280℃,升温速率3~5℃/min保温40min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;最后窑炉熄火,自然冷却至室温。
所述坯料和釉料中矿物原料的化学组成为:
本发明通过控制原料的颗粒度,添加钛白粉、骨灰作为分相剂在坯与釉之间产生中间层以提高坯体的热稳定性,钼酸铵作为结晶剂提高坯体中莫来石的数量,通过添加氧化铈作为限晶剂用于填补晶粒及缺陷,生成能阻碍坯体游离石英继续生长的膜,从而降低坯体的膨胀系数;并通过正负压交叉烧成技术很好的提高了瓷体的通透、釉面的光泽度,因此具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式
实施列一:
一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法,采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为:
坯料:湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿12%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、钛白粉2%、骨灰2%、钼酸铵1%、氧化铈1%;
釉料:湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%;
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品,其烧成时间为6h,最高烧成温度为1260℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1310℃。
所述坯料制备工序为:按坯料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时,泥浆出磨细度为250目,筛余0.1%,出磨泥浆分别过120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁,然后陈腐7天以上,再真空练泥3次待用。
所述釉料制备工序为:按釉料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时,釉浆出磨细度为250目,万孔筛余0.01%,出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为:所述釉浆浓度控制为51Be,在含水率为2%以下坯料上先喷内釉,然后浸外釉,所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180~20℃,一次未裂;获得制品的吸水率为0.25%,釉面光泽度为82。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺,其烧成制度为:室温至810℃,升温速率3℃/min,并在810℃保温20 min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;窑内温度从810℃至1100℃,升温速率1.6℃/min,此过程中窑内处于负压状态;窑内温度从1100℃至1260℃,升温速率3℃/min保温40min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;最后窑炉熄火,自然冷却至室温。
实施列二:
一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法,采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为:
坯料:湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿12%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、钛白粉2%、骨灰2%、钼酸铵1%、氧化铈1%;
釉料:湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%;
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品,其烧成时间为7h,最高烧成温度为1270℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1320℃。
所述坯料制备工序为:按坯料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时,泥浆出磨细度为250目,筛余0.1%,出磨泥浆分别过120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁,然后陈腐7天以上,再真空练泥3次待用。
所述釉料制备工序为:按釉料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时,釉浆出磨细度为250目,万孔筛余0.01%,出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为:所述釉浆浓度控制为50Be,在含水率为2%以下坯料上先喷内釉,然后浸外釉,所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180~20℃,一次未裂;获得制品的吸水率为0.2%,釉面光泽度为85。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺,其烧成制度为:室温至910℃,升温速率4℃/min,并在910℃保温20 min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;窑内温度从910℃至1120℃,升温速率1.8℃/min,此过程中窑内处于负压状态;窑内温度从1120℃至1270℃,升温速率4℃/min保温40min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;最后窑炉熄火,自然冷却至室温。
Claims (7)
1.一种中温长石质新骨瓷的制备方法,采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为:
坯料:湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿12%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、钛白粉2%、骨灰2%、钼酸铵1%、氧化铈1%;
釉料:湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%;
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品,其烧成时间为6~8h,最高烧成温度为1250~1280℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1300~1320℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述坯料制备工序为:按坯料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时,泥浆出磨细度为250目,筛余0.1%,出磨泥浆分别经120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁,然后陈腐7天以上,再真空练泥3次备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述釉料制备工序为:按釉料配方称量原料合均匀,然后装入球磨设备内按料:球:水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时,釉浆出磨细度为250目,万孔筛余0.01%,出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后待用。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述施釉工序为:所述釉浆浓度控制为50~52Be,在含水率为2%以下坯料上先施内釉,然后施外釉,所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述获得制品的热稳定性为180~20℃,一次未裂;获得制品的吸水率0.3%以下,釉面光泽度为大于80。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺,其烧成制度为:室温至800~950℃,升温速率3~4℃/min,并在800~950℃保温20 min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;窑内温度从800~950℃至1080~1130℃,升温速率1.5~2℃/min,此过程中窑内处于负压状态;窑内温度从1080~1130℃至1250~1280℃,升温速率3~5℃/min保温40min,此过程中窑内处于正压状态;最后窑炉熄火,自然冷却至室温。
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