CN107031439B - 晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法 - Google Patents

晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法 Download PDF

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CN107031439B
CN107031439B CN201710192243.3A CN201710192243A CN107031439B CN 107031439 B CN107031439 B CN 107031439B CN 201710192243 A CN201710192243 A CN 201710192243A CN 107031439 B CN107031439 B CN 107031439B
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贝绍轶
张焱
赵景波
朱凯
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Suzhou Tropic Of Cancer Information Technology Co ltd
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
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    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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Abstract

本发明涉及电动公交车充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，在回车场的换电站内设置充电装置，统计公交车出站、进站时的电池电量、公交车一个来回的电池消耗量、该公交车当天剩余的运行班次n，计算该公交车运行至谷电价开始时刻的实际行驶时间T；若T≤0，更换电池充电；若T>0，计算T内所需的电量U，若X≥U，不换电池；若X<U，计算电池剩余电量能够维持该公交车再运行的班次Y；若Y≥1，不换电池；若Y<1，将电池更换下来待谷电价开始时充电。这样便能够使晚间运行的电动公交车节省充电的成本，降低电动公交车的运营成本。

Description

晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电动公交车充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法。
背景技术
现有的电动公交车在运行过程中，一般要等到电池的电量快耗尽时才会进入换电站进行更换电池的作业。电动公交车在早晨出车时，其所带的电池一般为满电状态，当该电池的电量不足以满足公交车运行一整天的情况下，电动公交车需要在其运行时段内进行一次或多次更换电池的操作。为了保证有充足的电池用于替换，从公交车上换下的电池一般会立即放入充电装置内进行充电，不会考虑电价的影响，由于电网的电价存在峰谷两种价格，若峰电时充电，无疑会增加公交车运营方的运营成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术存在的成本高缺陷，提供一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，能够降低电动公交车的运营成本。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，包括以下步骤:
(A)在公交车的回车场内设置换电站，换电站内设置充电装置，每次在公交车出站、进站时分别对公交车电池电量进行检测、统计并输入计算机，计算机计算得出公交车一个来回行驶过程中的电池消耗量，向计算机中输入该公交车当天剩余的运行班次n以及道路通畅状态参数，再根据每天谷电价开始计价的时间，最终得出该公交车运行至谷电价开始时刻的实际行驶时间T；
如果T≤0，表明现在已过了谷电价开始计价时刻，则对公交车的电池立即更换，更换下来的电池放入充电装置内进行充电，公交车带上刚更换的电池出站；
如果T>0，表明现在还未到谷电价开始计价的时刻，则根据道路畅通参数及单程行驶平均耗电量，通过计算机计算实际行驶时间T内所需的电量U；
(B)将电池剩余电量X与所需电量U进行比较；
如果X≥U，在不更换电池的情况下使该公交车出站；
如果X<U，表明电池剩余电量不足以使公交车行驶至谷电价开始计价的时刻，然后计算机根据道路通畅状态参数及单程行驶平均耗电量计算得到每个班次行驶过程中的耗电量p；
(C)计算机根据耗电量p计算得出电池剩余电量能够维持该公交车再运行的班次Y(即电池剩余运行班次)；
如果Y≥1，说明电池中的剩余电量足够该公交车至少再行驶一个班次，此时公交车在不更换电池的情况下出站；
如果Y<1，说明电池中的剩余电量不足以支持该公交车再行驶一个班次，此时将该公交车上的电池更换下来并将放在存储室，等谷电价开始计价的时刻再将该电池放入充电装置进行充电，与此同时将备用电池换到公交车，然后让公交车出站。
有益效果：利用本发明的方法，既能够使晚间运行的电动公交车节省充电的成本，降低电动公交车的运营成本，又能在进入谷电价计费时刻后增加电池的更换频率，提高公交车电池的使用率，使电池中的电量保持在设定范围内，防止电池过放电，有利于延长电池的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1，对本发明作进一步的描述。
一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，包括以下步骤:
(A)在公交车的回车场内设置换电站，换电站内设置充电装置，每次在公交车出站、进站时分别对公交车电池电量进行检测、统计并输入计算机，计算机计算得出公交车一个来回行驶过程中的电池消耗量，向计算机中输入该公交车当天剩余的运行班次n以及道路通畅状态参数，再根据每天谷电价开始计价的时间，最终得出该公交车运行至谷电价开始时刻的实际行驶时间T；
如果T≤0，表明现在已过了谷电价开始计价时刻，则对公交车的电池立即更换，更换下来的电池放入充电装置内进行充电，公交车带上刚更换的电池出站；
如果T>0，表明现在还未到谷电价开始计价的时刻，则根据道路畅通参数及单程行驶平均耗电量，通过计算机计算实际行驶时间T内所需的电量U；
(B)将电池剩余电量X与所需电量U进行比较；
如果X≥U，在不更换电池的情况下使该公交车出站；
如果X<U，表明电池剩余电量不足以使公交车行驶至谷电价开始计价的时刻，然后计算机根据道路通畅状态参数及单程行驶平均耗电量计算得到每个班次行驶过程中的耗电量p；
(C)计算机根据耗电量p计算得出电池剩余电量能够维持该公交车再运行的班次Y(即电池剩余运行班次)；
如果Y≥1，说明电池中的剩余电量足够该公交车至少再行驶一个班次，此时公交车在不更换电池的情况下出站；
如果Y<1，说明电池中的剩余电量不足以支持该公交车再行驶一个班次，此时将该公交车上的电池更换下来并将放在存储室，等谷电价开始计价的时刻再将该电池放入充电装置进行充电，与此同时将备用电池换到公交车，然后让公交车出站。
利用本发明的方法，既能够使晚间运行的电动公交车节省充电的成本，降低电动公交车的运营成本，又能在进入谷电价计费时刻后增加电池的更换频率，提高公交车电池的使用率，使电池中的电量保持在设定范围内，防止电池过放电，有利于延长电池的使用寿命。
进一步的，所述道路通畅状态参数是根据近一个月内该运行时段中公交车运行路段的道路拥堵情况来统计得出的具有规律性的参数。
更进一步的，所述充电装置为两个以上，便于多个电池同时充电。
应当理解，以上所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。由本发明的精神所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (3)

1.一种晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，包括以下步骤:
(A)在公交车的回车场内设置换电站，换电站内设置充电装置，每次在公交车出站、进站时分别对公交车电池电量进行检测、统计并输入计算机，计算机计算得出公交车一个来回行驶过程中的电池消耗量，向计算机中输入该公交车当天剩余的运行班次n以及道路通畅状态参数，再根据每天谷电价开始计价的时间，最终得出该公交车运行至谷电价开始时刻的实际行驶时间T；
如果T≤0，表明现在已过了谷电价开始计价时刻，则对公交车的电池立即更换，更换下来的电池放入充电装置内进行充电，公交车带上刚更换的电池出站；
如果T>0，表明现在还未到谷电价开始计价的时刻，则根据道路通畅状态参数及单程行驶平均耗电量，通过计算机计算实际行驶时间T内所需的电量U；
(B)将电池剩余电量X与所需电量U进行比较；
如果X≥U，在不更换电池的情况下使该公交车出站；
如果X<U，表明电池剩余电量不足以使公交车行驶至谷电价开始计价的时刻，然后计算机根据道路通畅状态参数及单程行驶平均耗电量计算得到每个班次行驶过程中的耗电量p；
(C)计算机根据耗电量p计算得出电池剩余电量能够维持该公交车再运行的班次Y，即电池剩余运行班次；
如果Y≥1，说明电池中的剩余电量足够该公交车至少再行驶一个班次，此时公交车在不更换电池的情况下出站；
如果Y<1，说明电池中的剩余电量不足以支持该公交车再行驶一个班次，此时将该公交车上的电池更换下来并放在存储室，等谷电价开始计价的时刻再将该电池放入充电装置进行充电，与此同时将备用电池换到公交车，然后让公交车出站。
2.根据权利要求1所述的晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，其特征在于：所述道路通畅状态参数是根据近一个月内该运行时段中公交车运行路段的道路拥堵情况来统计得出的具有规律性的参数。
3.根据权利要求1所述的晚间运行的电动公交车电池更换方法，其特征在于：所述充电装置为两个以上。
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