CN107001143A - 具有改善的固着强度的建筑板材 - Google Patents
具有改善的固着强度的建筑板材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107001143A CN107001143A CN201580062275.0A CN201580062275A CN107001143A CN 107001143 A CN107001143 A CN 107001143A CN 201580062275 A CN201580062275 A CN 201580062275A CN 107001143 A CN107001143 A CN 107001143A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plaster board
- gypsum
- amount
- particle
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- ACOGMWBDRJJKNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethene Chemical group C=C.CC(O)=O ACOGMWBDRJJKNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000227 bioadhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- RCHKEJKUUXXBSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-2-(3-formylindol-1-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(C=O)=CN1CC(=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 RCHKEJKUUXXBSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
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- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
灰泥板包括石膏基质,所述石膏基质具有相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量的嵌入其中的附聚纤维的颗粒,所述石膏基质进一步包括聚合物型添加剂,所述聚合物型添加剂以相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量存在。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在建筑物建造中使用的板材(panel)。具体地,本发明涉及用于提供可将物品例如洗涤盆、电视机、或暖气片固定(affix)至其的隔板(partition)的板材。
背景技术
轻质板材例如灰泥板(plasterboard)(例如石膏(gypsum)灰泥板)、聚苯乙烯板和纤维板常被用于提供建筑物内的隔板。它们用于该应用的优点包括如下事实:它们是轻的并且安装快。
然而,在一些情况下,这样的轻质板材可具有如下缺点:它们未坚固到足以支承固定设施(fixture)(例如洗涤盆、电视机、暖气片、灭火器、架子和需要附着至所述板材的任何其它物品)。在这样的情况下,所述固定设施的重量可导致固着工具(例如螺钉)从所述板材拔出,使得所述固定设施从所述隔板脱离。
该问题之前一直是通过将基于聚合物的背衬(backing)层状体(层制品,lamina)胶合至灰泥板的一个面而解决的,所述背衬层状体为例如PVC、HDPE、尼龙、聚碳酸酯、酚醛树脂(Bakelite)、聚丙烯、缩醛、或者玻璃纤维。
发明内容
现已发现,通过在灰泥板中包括木(木质,wood)产品和聚合物型添加剂,所述灰泥板可具有足够的保持固着工具的能力而不需要背衬层状体。
因此,在第一方面中,本发明可提供灰泥板,其包括石膏基质,所述石膏基质具有相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量的嵌入其中的附聚纤维的颗粒,所述石膏基质进一步包括聚合物型添加剂,所述聚合物型添加剂以相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量存在;
其中
没有背衬层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面。
通过省略背衬层状体,由于降低的原材料成本和制造的更大的容易性,以相对更低的成本提供具有足够的固着强度的板材可为可能的。另外,所述板材可更容易再循环,因为可避免将所述层状体从所述灰泥板分离的需要。
术语“层状体”意图涵盖具有至少1mm(例如2mm)的厚度、基本上包括PVC、HDPE、尼龙、聚碳酸酯、酚醛树脂、聚丙烯、缩醛、或玻璃纤维的基于聚合物的片材。术语“层状体”在本文中用于指代这样的片材:其例如通过胶合而附着至灰泥板的面,使得在所述灰泥板和所述片材之间存在限定的界面。因此,术语“层状体”不意图指代部分地或者完全地嵌入灰泥板内的物体。
虽然没有层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面,但是所述灰泥板可在其一侧或者两侧上具有纸贴面。在其它情况下,所述灰泥板可具有部分地或完全地嵌入在其表面处的毡例如玻璃纤维毡。
典型地,所述颗粒以相对于所述石膏为至少2重量%、优选地至少2.5重量%的量存在。典型地,所述颗粒以相对于所述石膏小于10重量%、优选地小于8重量%的量存在。
所述颗粒可为例如木颗粒(例如木片或者细的锯屑颗粒)或者纸颗粒。优选地所述颗粒为木颗粒。通常,所述颗粒在形状上是不规则的。
为了避免疑惑,术语“木颗粒”不意图指代已经被加工至如下阶段的木衍生材料的颗粒(例如纸颗粒):其中各个纤维不再通过木中存在的天然粘结剂结合。
典型地,这些颗粒具有大于0.5mm的长度。通常,这些颗粒具有小于25mm、优选地小于20mm的长度。
典型地,这些颗粒具有小于4mm、优选地小于3mm的厚度。在所述颗粒为纸颗粒的情况下,它们的厚度典型地小于0.5mm。
在一些实施方式中,所述颗粒可为木颗粒并且所述灰泥板可进一步包括玻璃纤维。在这样的情况下,所述玻璃纤维优选地以至少1重量%的量存在。
典型地,所述聚合物型添加剂以相对于所述石膏为至少2重量%、优选地至少4重量%的量存在。
典型地,其中所述聚合物型添加剂选自包括如下的组:聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物、用(与)聚磺苯乙烯交联的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳、丙烯酸酯胶乳、丙烯酸类共聚物胶乳、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸、阳离子型淀粉、乙基化的淀粉、糊精、以及其混合物。
优选地,所述聚合物型添加剂为聚乙酸乙烯酯和淀粉之一。
在一些情况下,所述淀粉可为天然淀粉(即,未改性淀粉)。在其它情况下,所述淀粉可为改性淀粉例如酸解(acid-thinned)淀粉。
最优选地,所述聚合物型添加剂为聚乙酸乙烯酯。
在第二方面中,本发明可提供灰泥板,其包括石膏基质,所述石膏基质具有相对于所述石膏为至少2重量%的量的嵌入其中的木颗粒,所述石膏基质进一步包括相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量的玻璃纤维。
典型地,没有背衬层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面。
术语“层状体”意图涵盖具有至少1mm(例如2mm)的厚度、基本上包括PVC、HDPE、尼龙、聚碳酸酯、酚醛树脂、聚丙烯、缩醛、或玻璃纤维的基于聚合物的片材。术语“层状体”在本文中用于指代这样的片材:其例如通过胶合而附着至灰泥板的面,使得在所述灰泥板和所述片材之间存在限定的界面。因此,术语“层状体”不意图指代部分地或者完全地嵌入灰泥板内的物体。
虽然没有层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面,但是所述灰泥板可在其一侧或者两侧上具有纸贴面。在其它情况下,所述灰泥板可具有部分地或完全地嵌入在其表面处的毡例如玻璃纤维毡。
通常,所述木颗粒在形状上是不规则的。
典型地,所述木颗粒具有大于0.5mm的长度。通常,这些颗粒具有小于25mm、优选地小于20mm的长度。
典型地,所述木颗粒具有小于4mm、优选地小于3mm的厚度。
在本发明的第一或第二方面的一些实施方式中,所述灰泥板具有纸贴面。这些纸贴面可包括纤维素纤维和玻璃纤维两者,因为这被认为改善灰泥板的耐火性。在其它情况下,所述灰泥板可具有部分地或完全地嵌入在其表面处的毡例如玻璃毡。
在本发明的第一或第二方面的一些实施方式中,所述石膏基质包括疏水性添加剂例如硅油或蜡。
在本发明的第一或第二方面的一些实施方式中,所述石膏基质可包含杀生物剂。
在本发明的第一或第二方面的一些实施方式中,所述石膏基质可包含防缩剂例如未膨胀的蛭石、硅粉(microsilica)、和/或粘土,以改善产品的耐火性。
本发明的第一或第二方面的一些实施方式可包括泡沫或轻质聚集体例如珍珠岩。本领域中知晓这样的添加剂产生具有可接受的厚度的较低密度板。
具体实施方式
现在将仅通过举例来描述本发明。
使用以下总的方法制备石膏灰泥板:
称取灰墁和其它干添加剂(包括木片)于袋中并且摇晃以将它们混合。称取水和湿添加剂于碗(bowl)中并且使用电动混合器混合60s。
将所述干粉状添加剂添加至所述碗中的湿添加剂并且用电动混合器混入其中30s。
将所得浆料夹在两张纸衬料之间并且容许水合25分钟(从混合的时间起计量)。然后将所述板在烘箱中在160℃下干燥1小时。
所述板材具有12.5mm的厚度。
实施例1
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度;
·相对于所述灰墁为6重量%的量的玉米淀粉(来自Tate&Lyle的Merifilm)。
实施例2
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度;
·相对于所述灰墁为6重量%的量的聚乙酸乙烯酯(Vinamul 8481)。
实施例3
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度;
·相对于所述灰墁为12重量%的量的玉米淀粉(来自Tate&Lyle的Merifilm);
·相对于所述灰墁为2重量%的量的玻璃纤维。
实施例4
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度;
·相对于所述灰墁为12重量%的量的聚乙酸乙烯酯(Vinamul 8481);
·相对于所述灰墁为2重量%的量的玻璃纤维。
对比例1
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度;
·相对于所述灰墁为2重量%的量的玻璃纤维。
对比例2
由包含以下成分的浆料制备石膏灰泥板:
·灰墁;
·相对于所述灰墁为3重量%的量的木片。所述木片具有在范围1-20mm内的最大尺度和0.5-3mm的厚度。
螺钉拔出强度
对已经在23℃的温度和50%的相对湿度下调理的尺寸为100mm×100mm的样品进行螺钉拔出试验。将50mm单螺纹木螺钉穿过安置在所述样品的表面上的金属负荷传递元件而***到所述样品中。所述负荷传递元件具有配置成位于螺钉头和样品表面之间的第一部分、和配置成与试验机接合以容许将负荷沿着所述螺钉的轴施加至所述螺钉的第二部分。将所述螺钉拧紧至1Nm的扭矩。
然后将所述试样安装在Zwick Universal Testing Machine上并且沿着所述螺钉的轴向所述螺钉施加10N的预负荷。随后,通过设置10mm/分钟的恒定十字头速度而提高负荷,直至实现拔出。
结果示于表1中。这些为各自由8个样品所取的平均值。
表1
实例 | 平均螺钉拔出强度 |
实施例1 | 523±88 |
实施例2 | 795±93 |
实施例3 | 794±82 |
实施例4 | 1097±131 |
对比例1 | 336±46 |
对比例2 | 177±95 |
Claims (14)
1.灰泥板,其包括石膏基质,所述石膏基质具有相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量的嵌入其中的附聚纤维的颗粒,所述石膏基质进一步包括聚合物型添加剂,所述聚合物型添加剂以相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量存在;
其中
没有背衬层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面。
2.根据权利要求1的灰泥板,其中所述聚合物型添加剂以相对于所述石膏为至少4重量%的量存在。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2的灰泥板,其中所述颗粒以相对于所述石膏为至少2重量%的量存在。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项的灰泥板,其中所述颗粒为木颗粒。
5.根据权利要求4的灰泥板,其中所述木颗粒的长度在范围0.5-25mm内。
6.根据权利要求4或权利要求5的灰泥板,其中所述木颗粒的厚度小于4mm。
7.根据权利要求4-6任一项的灰泥板,其中所述灰泥板进一步包括玻璃纤维。
8.根据权利要求7的灰泥板,其中所述玻璃纤维以至少1重量%的量存在。
9.根据前述权利要求任一项的灰泥板,其中所述聚合物型添加剂选自包括如下的组:聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物、用聚磺苯乙烯交联的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳、丙烯酸酯胶乳、丙烯酸类共聚物胶乳、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸、阳离子型淀粉、乙基化的淀粉、糊精、以及其混合物。
10.根据权利要求1-8任一项的灰泥板,其中所述聚合物型添加剂为淀粉或聚乙酸乙烯酯。
11.根据权利要求10的灰泥板,其中所述聚合物型添加剂为聚乙酸乙烯酯。
12.灰泥板,其包括石膏基质,所述石膏基质具有相对于所述石膏为至少2重量%的量的嵌入其中的木颗粒,所述石膏基质进一步包括相对于所述石膏为至少1重量%的量的玻璃纤维。
13.根据权利要求12的灰泥板,其中没有背衬层状体附着至所述灰泥板的任一面。
14.根据权利要求12或权利要求13的灰泥板,其中所述颗粒的最大尺度在范围0.5-25mm内。
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CN202210121202.6A Pending CN114455928A (zh) | 2014-11-20 | 2015-11-19 | 具有改善的固着强度的建筑板材 |
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EP (1) | EP3221139A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2018503577A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20170085495A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN107001143A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR102729A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2015348035B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112017010218A2 (zh) |
CA (2) | CA3205506A1 (zh) |
CL (1) | CL2017000967A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO2017005625A2 (zh) |
CU (1) | CU24484B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB201420678D0 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2017005625A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY192776A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20171544A1 (zh) |
PH (1) | PH12017500888A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2698749C2 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG11201703431UA (zh) |
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CN115135621A (zh) * | 2020-02-12 | 2022-09-30 | 圣-戈贝恩普拉科公司 | 具有改进的尺寸稳定性的建筑面板 |
Families Citing this family (5)
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TWI761339B (zh) | 2016-04-08 | 2022-04-21 | 法商聖哥般公司 | 改良式石膏基板 |
CN108948771A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 南宁市黄陈生猪养殖场 | 一种强力抗压胶泥粉混合板材及其制备方法 |
GB2579043B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-04-14 | Saint Gobain Placo Sas | Method of preparing a gypsum-based product |
WO2020125918A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Knauf Gips Kg | Gypsum building material with improved high-temperature resistance |
CN113800867A (zh) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-17 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | 一种纸面石膏板 |
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- 2014-11-20 GB GBGB1420678.3A patent/GB201420678D0/en not_active Ceased
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2015
- 2015-11-19 CA CA3205506A patent/CA3205506A1/en active Pending
- 2015-11-19 CN CN201580062275.0A patent/CN107001143A/zh active Pending
- 2015-11-19 RU RU2017113092A patent/RU2698749C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-11-19 AU AU2015348035A patent/AU2015348035B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-11-19 EP EP15800916.7A patent/EP3221139A1/en active Pending
- 2015-11-19 MX MX2017005625A patent/MX2017005625A/es unknown
- 2015-11-19 SG SG11201703431UA patent/SG11201703431UA/en unknown
- 2015-11-19 CU CU2017000065A patent/CU24484B1/es unknown
- 2015-11-19 CN CN202210121202.6A patent/CN114455928A/zh active Pending
- 2015-11-19 US US15/527,128 patent/US20170334784A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-11-19 CA CA2967624A patent/CA2967624C/en active Active
- 2015-11-19 JP JP2017522616A patent/JP2018503577A/ja active Pending
- 2015-11-19 WO PCT/GB2015/053534 patent/WO2016079528A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-11-19 BR BR112017010218A patent/BR112017010218A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-11-19 PE PE2017000874A patent/PE20171544A1/es unknown
- 2015-11-19 KR KR1020177012213A patent/KR20170085495A/ko unknown
- 2015-11-19 MY MYPI2017701343A patent/MY192776A/en unknown
- 2015-11-20 AR ARP150103789A patent/AR102729A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2015-11-20 TW TW104138444A patent/TW201623751A/zh unknown
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2017
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- 2017-05-12 PH PH12017500888A patent/PH12017500888A1/en unknown
- 2017-06-06 CO CONC2017/0005625A patent/CO2017005625A2/es unknown
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2020
- 2020-08-10 US US16/988,773 patent/US11505498B2/en active Active
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2022
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CN115135621A (zh) * | 2020-02-12 | 2022-09-30 | 圣-戈贝恩普拉科公司 | 具有改进的尺寸稳定性的建筑面板 |
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CL2017000967A1 (es) | 2017-12-22 |
MY192776A (en) | 2022-09-08 |
US20170334784A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
SG11201703431UA (en) | 2017-05-30 |
KR20170085495A (ko) | 2017-07-24 |
AU2015348035A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
US20230040864A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
CO2017005625A2 (es) | 2017-08-18 |
TW201623751A (zh) | 2016-07-01 |
US11505498B2 (en) | 2022-11-22 |
PH12017500888A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 |
RU2698749C2 (ru) | 2019-08-29 |
CN114455928A (zh) | 2022-05-10 |
CU24484B1 (es) | 2020-10-20 |
AU2015348035B2 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
JP2018503577A (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
RU2017113092A (ru) | 2018-12-20 |
RU2017113092A3 (zh) | 2019-04-01 |
PE20171544A1 (es) | 2017-10-27 |
AR102729A1 (es) | 2017-03-22 |
MX2017005625A (es) | 2017-08-07 |
CU20170065A7 (es) | 2018-02-08 |
BR112017010218A2 (pt) | 2018-02-14 |
CA2967624C (en) | 2023-09-05 |
GB201420678D0 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
CA3205506A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
EP3221139A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
US20200369569A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
WO2016079528A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
CA2967624A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
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