CN106998980B - 使用激光传感器检测地板类型 - Google Patents

使用激光传感器检测地板类型 Download PDF

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CN106998980B
CN106998980B CN201480083712.2A CN201480083712A CN106998980B CN 106998980 B CN106998980 B CN 106998980B CN 201480083712 A CN201480083712 A CN 201480083712A CN 106998980 B CN106998980 B CN 106998980B
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cleaning device
robotic cleaning
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CN106998980A (zh
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A·黑格马克
P·福斯贝里
M·林德
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Electrolux AB
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    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/2826Parameters or conditions being sensed the condition of the floor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
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    • A47L9/04Nozzles with driven brushes or agitators
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    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
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    • A47L9/2836Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
    • A47L9/2842Suction motors or blowers
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    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2836Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
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    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2836Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
    • A47L9/2852Elements for displacement of the vacuum cleaner or the accessories therefor, e.g. wheels, casters or nozzles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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    • G01B11/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/06Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/30Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G01B11/303Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces using photoelectric detection means
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    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0231Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种机器人清洁设备(10)以及一种在该机器人清洁设备处检测表面(31)的结构的方法,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。机器人清洁设备(10)检测该清洁设备在其上移动的表面(31)的结构的方法包括:使用结构化的竖直光(30)照亮(S101)该表面、捕捉(S102)该表面的图像(37)、检测(S103)所捕捉的图像中的至少一个光亮区段、根据该至少一个光亮区段的外观确定(S104)该表面的结构。

Description

使用激光传感器检测地板类型
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机器人清洁设备以及一种在该机器人清洁设备处检测表面的结构的方法,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。
背景技术
在许多技术领域中,希望使用具有自主行为的机器人,因而使得它们可以在一个空间周围自由地移动而不与可能的障碍物碰撞。
机器人真空吸尘器在本领域是已知的、装备有呈一个或多个电机形式的驱动装置用于使该吸尘器在待清洁的表面上移动。机器人真空吸尘器进一步装备有呈用于引起自主行为的微处理器和导航装置形式的智能,使得机器人真空吸尘器能够自由地来回移动并且清洁呈例如房间形式的空间。因此,这些现有技术机器人真空吸尘器具有或多或少地自主地对其中具有家具(如桌椅)以及其他障碍物(如墙和楼梯)的房间进行真空吸尘的能力。
但是,现有机器人真空吸尘器并没有检测其正在运行的表面的类型。一个例外是伊莱克斯(Electrolux)研发的所谓的Trilobite吸尘器,该吸尘器使用其加速度计或陀螺仪检测表面不平的程度、并且同样测量刷辊电机的电流。刷辊电机在其上驱动的地毯越厚,刷辊电机消耗的电流越多。使用加速度计或陀螺仪的问题是很难检测出刷辊本身造成的振动差以及不平的地板造成的振动差。使用刷辊电流的问题是在所有表面上电流具有典型的随机变化,所以测得的电流需要被低通过滤,从而使得检测缓慢。
对于机器人真空吸尘器,重要的是知晓该机器人真空吸尘器横越的表面是哪一种类型(硬地板、瓷砖、地毯等),出于两个主要原因:第一,通过将风机和/或刷子的速度与机器人真空吸尘器横越的表面的具体类型相适配能够提高机器人真空吸尘器的集尘能力。第二,相比于例如在镶木地板上,能够预期的是机器人真空吸尘器的轮子在地毯上滑动得更多,并且这对于导航目的是有价值去知晓的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决或至少减轻本领域中的这个问题,并且提供一种在该机器人清洁设备处检测表面的结构的方法,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。
这个目的在本发明的第一方面是通过一种机器人清洁设备检测表面的结构的方法达到的,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。该方法包括:使用结构化的竖直光照亮该表面,捕捉该表面的图像,检测所捕捉的表面中的至少一个光亮区段、并且根据该至少一个光亮区段的外观确定该表面的结构。
这个目的在本发明的第二方面是通过机器人清洁设备被配置为检测表面的结构达到的,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。该机器人清洁设备包括安排为使该机器人清洁设备在表面上移动的推进***、被安排成使用结构化的竖直光照亮该表面的至少一个光源、以及被安排成捕捉所照亮的表面的图像的相机设备。进一步地,该机器人清洁设备包括被安排为控制该推进***移动机器人清洁设备的控制器,并且其中,该控制器进一步被安排为控制该相机设备捕捉表面的图像、检测所捕捉的图像的至少一个光亮区段、以及根据该至少一个光亮区段的外观确定该表面的结构。
有利地,该机器人清洁设备的控制器控制该结构化的竖直光源(例如第一和第二竖直线激光器中的至少一者)使用激光照亮机器人清洁设备附近并且进一步控制相机捕捉所照亮的周围环境的图像。在捕捉到的图像中,发出的激光光束将作为控制器检测到的光亮区段出现。机器人清洁设备的控制器可以根据所检测到的光亮区段的外观确定表面的结构,机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。
如以上所述的,对于机器人真空吸尘器,重要的是知晓该机器人真空吸尘器横越的表面是哪一种类型(硬地板、瓷砖、地毯等),出于两个原因:第一,通过将风机和/或刷子的速度与机器人真空吸尘器横越的表面的具体类型相适配能够提高机器人真空吸尘器的集尘能力。第二,相比于例如在镶木地板上,能够预期的是机器人真空吸尘器的轮子在地毯上滑动得更多,并且这对于导航目的是有价值去知晓的。
在本发明的一个实施例中,如果在捕捉的(多张)图像中检测到的至少一个光亮区段由直且平滑的线组成,则该表面被确定为包括平坦的地板。
在本发明的另一实施例中,如果在捕捉的(多张)图像中检测到的至少一个光亮区段由直且有噪声的线组成,则该表面被确定为包括具有结构化上侧的地毯。
在本发明的又另一个实施例中,如果该至少一个光亮区段由被分段成多个竖直线段的直线组成,则该表面被确定为包括小地毯。
以下将描述本发明的优选实施例。
总的来说,除非另有明确定义,在权利要求中所使用的所有术语是根据它们在技术领域中的普通含义来解释的。除非另有明确声明,所有引用的“一/一个/元件、装置、部件、手段、步骤等”是如参考该元件、装置、部件、手段、步骤等中的至少一个实例开放性解释的。除非明确声明,本文中披露的任何方法的步骤不必完全按照所披露的顺序执行。
附图简要说明
现在将通过举例的方式通过参考附图来描述本发明,在附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明实施例的机器人清洁设备的底视图;
图2示出了图1中所示的机器人清洁设备的正视图;
图3a示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的机器人清洁设备正在实施该方法;
图3b展示了机器人清洁设备捕捉的图3a的环境的图像;
图3c展示了根据本发明的方法的一个实施例的流程图;
图4a示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的机器人清洁设备正在实施该方法;
图4b展示了机器人清洁设备捕捉的图4a中的环境的图像;
图5a示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的机器人清洁设备正在实施该方法;并且
图5b展示了通过图5a中环境的机器人清洁设备捕获的图像。
具体实施方式
现在将参照这些附图在下文中更为全面地描述本发明,在附图中示出了本发明的某些实施例。然而本发明可以采用许多不同的形式来实施,并且不应被解释为局限于在此阐述的实施例;而是,这些实施例是以举例方式提供的,这样使得本披露将变得全面和完整,并且将向本领域技术人员充分地表示本发明的范围。贯穿本说明书,相同的数字指代相同的元件。
本发明涉及机器人清洁设备,或者换言之,涉及用于清洁表面的自动自推进机器,例如,机器人真空吸尘器、机器人清洁器或机器人地板洗涤器。根据本发明的机器人清洁设备能够用市电操作并且具有电绳、能够用电池操作或者使用任何其他种类的合适的能源,例如,太阳能。
图1示出了从下方观看的根据本发明的实施例的机器人清洁设备10,即,示出了机器人清洁设备的底侧。箭头指示机器人清洁设备的前进方向。机器人清洁设备10包括主体11,该主体容纳诸如推进***的多个部件,该推进***包括呈能够使驱动轮12、13移动的两个电动轮电机15a、15b形式的驱动装置,从而使得清洁设备能够在有待清洁的表面上移动。每个轮电机15a、15b能够控制各自的驱动轮12、13彼此独立地旋转以便使机器人清洁设备10在待清洁的表面上移动。可以设想许多不同的驱动轮安排以及各种不同的轮电机安排。应注意的是,机器人清洁设备可以任何具有合适的形状,如具有更多传统的圆形主体或三角形主体的设备。作为替代方案,可以使用跟踪推进***或甚至气垫船推进***。该推进***可以进一步被安排为引起机器人清洁设备10进行偏摆、俯仰、平移或滚动移动中的任一项或多项。
控制器16(如微处理器)鉴于从障碍物检测设备(图1中未示出)接收的信息来控制这些轮电机15a、15b根据需要使驱动轮12、13旋转,该障碍物检测设备用于检测机器人清洁设备必须绕其导航的、处于墙壁、落地灯、桌腿形式的障碍物。障碍物检测设备可以以记录其周围环境借助于例如3D相机、与激光器、激光扫描仪组合的相机实现的3D传感器***等形式被实施,用于检测障碍物并将关于任何检测到的障碍物的信息传达到微处理器16。微处理器16与轮电机15a、15b通信,以便根据由障碍物检测设备提供的信息来控制轮12、13的移动,使得机器人清洁设备10能够根据需要在有待清洁的表面上移动。这将参照后边的附图进行更详细的描述。
另外,主体11可以可选地安排有用于从待清洁的表面上除去碎屑和灰尘的清洁构件17,该清洁构件呈安排在机器人吸尘器10的底部处的开口18中的可旋转刷辊的形式。因此,可旋转刷辊17沿水平轴线安排在开口18中,以增强清洁设备10的灰尘和碎屑收集特性。为了使刷辊17旋转,刷辊电机19操作地联接到刷辊上,以根据从控制器16接收的指令控制其旋转。
而且,机器人吸尘器10的主体11包括抽风机20,该抽风机创造气流以便经由主体11的底侧中的开口18将碎屑运输到被容纳在该主体中的集尘袋或旋流器安排(未示出)。抽风机20被通信地连接到控制器16上的风扇电机21驱动,风机电机21从该控制器接收用于控制抽风机20的指令。应注意的是,可以设想机器人清洁设备具有可旋转刷辊17和抽风机20中的任一者用于将碎屑运送到集尘袋。然而,这两个的组合会增强机器人清洁设备10的除屑能力。
主体11或机器人清洁设备10进一步装备有角度测量设备24,例如像陀螺仪24和/或加速计或任何其他适合用于测量机器人清洁设备10的方向的设备。三轴陀螺仪能够测量计算机清洁设备10的滚动、俯仰、偏摆移动的转速。三轴陀螺仪能够测量所有方向的加速度,这主要用来确定计算机清洁设备是否被阻挡或被抬升或是否被卡住(即,即使轮子正在转但并没有移动)。机器人清洁设备10在每个驱动轮12、13上进一步包括编码器(在图1中未示出),在这些轮子旋转时该编码器产生脉冲。这些脉冲可以是磁性的或光学的。通过在控制器16处对脉冲计数可以确定每个轮子12、13的速度。通过轮速读数与陀螺仪信息相结合,控制器16可以执行所谓的航位推算以便确定清洁设备10的位置与航向。
主体11可以进一步安排有邻近开口18的旋转侧刷14,可以通过驱动电机15a、15b、刷辊电机19或可替代地单独的侧刷电机(未示出)来控制旋转侧刷的旋转。有利地,旋转侧刷14从有待清洁的表面扫起碎屑和灰尘,从而使得灰尘在开口18处最终来到主体11的下方,并因此能够运输到机器人清洁设备的集尘室。进一步地有利的是,将提高机器人清洁设备10的到达率,并更有效地清洁例如角落和地板与墙壁交汇的区域。如图1所展示的,旋转侧刷14朝一个方向旋转,从而使得它朝向开口18扫起碎屑,从而使得抽风机20能够将碎屑运输到集尘室。机器人清洁设备10可以包括两个旋转侧刷,这两个旋转侧刷被侧向地安排在开口18的每一侧并邻近该开口。
另外参照图1,以一个或多个微处理器形式实施的控制器/处理单元16被安排为执行被下载到与该微处理器相关联的合适的存储介质26中的计算机程序25,该存储介质例如是随机存取存储器(RAM)、快闪存储器或硬盘驱动器。控制器16被安排为在包括计算机可执行指令的适当计算机程序25被下载至存储介质26并且被控制器16执行时实施根据本发明的多个实施例的方法。存储介质26还可以是包括计算机程序25的一种计算机程序产品。替代地,计算机程序25可以通过合适的计算机程序产品(如数字化通用磁盘(DVD)、光盘(CD)或者记忆棒)来传递至存储介质26。作为另外一个替代方案,计算机程序25可以通过网络下载至存储介质26。控制器16可以替代地以数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、复杂可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)等的形式来实施。
图2示出了本发明的实施例中的图1的机器人清洁设备10的正视图,展示了呈3D传感器***22形式的前述障碍物检测设备,该相机***包括至少一个相机23以及第一和第二线激光器27、28,这些线激光器可以是水平或竖直定向的线激光器。进一步示出了前面参照图1a讨论的控制器16、主体11、驱动轮12、13和可旋转刷辊17。控制器16操作性地联接到用于记录机器人清洁设备10的附近的图像的相机23。第一和第二线激光器27、28可以优选地是竖直线激光器并且被安排在相机23的侧面并且被配置为照亮比机器人清洁设备10的高度和宽度更大的高度和宽度。进一步地,相机23的视场角度优选地小于第一线激光器和第二线激光器27、28照亮的空间。相机23由控制器16控制来每秒捕捉和记录多张图像。通过控制器16从这些图像中提取数据,并且通常将数据与计算机程序25一起保存在存储器26中。
第一线激光器和第二线激光器27、28沿着垂直于该相机的光轴的一条轴线被安排在相机23的相应侧上。另外,线激光器27、28被定向成使得它们的相应激光束在相机23的视场内相交。典型地,交点与相机23的光轴重合。
第一和第二线激光器27、28被配置为优选地朝竖直朝向、正常朝机器人清洁设备10的移动方向扫描机器人清洁设备10的附近。第一线激光器和第二线激光器27、28被配置为发出照亮例如待清洁的房间里的家具、墙壁和其他物体的激光束。在机器人清洁设备10在有待清洁的表面上移动时,相机23被控制器16控制,以捕捉并记录图像,通过从这些图像提取特征并通过测量被机器人清洁设备10覆盖的距离,控制器16从这些图像创建机器人清洁设备10在其中操作的周围环境的表示或布局。因此,控制器16从所记录的图像中得到机器人清洁设备10相对于待清洁的表面的位置数据、从得到的位置数据中生成周围环境的3D表示、并且控制驱动电机15a、15b来使机器人清洁设备根据提供给机器人清洁设备10的生成的3D表示和导航信息来移动,使得能够在考虑到所生成的3D表示的情况下对有待清洁的表面导航。因为得到的位置数据会用作机器人清洁设备的导航基础,所以定位正确是重要的;机器人设备会以其他方式根据误导的其周围环境的“地图”来进行导航。
从3D传感器***22记录的图像中生成的3D表示因此帮助对墙壁、落地灯、桌腿形式的、机器人清洁设备必须在其周围导航的障碍物以及机器人清洁设备10必须横越的小地毯、地毯、门阶等进行检测。机器人清洁设备10因此被配置为通过运行/清洁来了解其环境或者周围环境。
参照图2,为了说明目的,3D传感器***22是与机器人清洁设备10的主体11分开的。然而,在一种实际实现方式中,3D传感器***22优选地与机器人清洁设备10的主体11整合,以尽量减小机器人清洁设备10的高度,由此使得其在障碍物(例如沙发)的下方穿过。
因此,包括相机23和第一竖直线激光器和第二竖直线激光器27、28的3D传感器***22被安排为记录机器人清洁设备的附近的图像,可以从这些图像检测到物体/障碍物。控制器16能够通过从所记录的图像中得到位置数据来相对于检测到的障碍物对机器人清洁设备10并且因此对有待清洁的表面进行定位。从定位开始,控制器16通过经由轮子驱动电机15a、15b控制轮子12、13越过待清洁的表面来控制机器人清洁设备10的移动。
得到的位置数据帮助控制机器人清洁设备10的移动,使得清洁设备可以被导航移动非常靠近物体,并且在物体周围紧密移动,以从物体所在的表面上除去碎屑。所以,利用得到的位置数据来与物体(例如是厚的小地毯或墙壁)齐平地移动。通常,控制器16经由驱动电机15a、15b连续生成传递控制信号至驱动轮12、13,使得使机器人清洁设备10靠近物体导航。
图3a展示了根据本发明的实施例的对表面的结构的检测,机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。为了说明目的,示出了机器人设备10的一个竖直线激光器27。如可以看到的,线激光器27将激光束30投射到待清洁的房间的地板31以及第一墙壁32上。为了将环境光的不利影响最小化,任选地控制线激光器27来以最高可能的功率发光。另外,可以在相机23的前方安排滤光器以便使该相机更加可感知线激光器27所发出的光。因此,滤光器适配于线激光器27发出的结构化光的波长。这在存在例如通过第二墙壁33上的窗户34进入房间的阳光引起的固定光源的情况下甚至更有利,产生了两个固定安排的光源35、36,通过相机23可以不期望地检测到这些光源。
图3b展示了机器人设备的相机23捕捉的图3a中所展示的周围环境的图像37,在该图像中,机器人在其上移动的表面31是平坦并且光滑的,如镶木地板或一块油地毡。
图3c展示了根据本发明的实施例的检测表面的结构的方法的流程图,机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。在第一步骤S101中,3D传感器***22的第一和第二竖直线激光器27、28使用竖直激光线30照亮机器人清洁设备10的附近。应注意的是,一个线激光器用于说明的目的,但是在实践中,通常使用两个竖直线激光器27、28,如图2所示。如图3a中可以看到的,光束30照亮待清洁房间的表面31(在本案例中,是平坦的地板)以及第一墙壁32。此后,在步骤S102中,3D传感器***22的相机23捕捉所照亮的周围环境的图像37。
在捕捉到的图3b的图像37中,激光束将作为在S103中由机器人设备10检测的光亮区段30出现。现在,在步骤S104中,机器人设备10可以根据所捕捉的图像37中的光亮区段30的外观来确定表面31的结构,该机器人在该表面上移动。
例如,参照图3b中捕捉的图像37,如果表面31是平坦且光滑的地板,如镶木地板,检测到的光亮区段30将包括狭窄的直线,该直线是明显的并且不受噪声影响。
有利地,通过确定表面31的结构可以改善多个清洁方面,机器人10在该表面上移动。例如,如果机器人设备10在如镶木地板的平坦并且光滑的表面31上移动,可以使用低操作电流驱动抽风机20,并且刷辊17和/或侧刷14通常可以被驱动以低转速旋转,由此延长机器人设备电池充电之间的时间周期。进一步有利的是,可以取决于表面的结构控制机器人设备10的移动;例如,如果机器人设备10在地毯上移动,该机器人设备则可以较低速度驱动以便避免打滑和/或从地毯上或多于一次地在至少部分的地毯上走过。在另一个实例中,处于清洁程序的机器人设备10可以如作为该程序的最后一步选择走过地板的、地毯位于的区段。
图4a展示了根据本发明的另一个实施例的对表面的结构的地毯,机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。如可以看到的,如图3a,线激光器27将激光束30投射到待清洁的房间的表面31以及第一墙壁32上。然而,在这个具体实施例中,具有结构化上侧的薄地毯38被放置在地板上并且被激光器27的光束30照亮。
图4b展示了机器人设备的相机23捕捉的图4a中展示的周围环境的图像37,在该图像中,机器人在其上移动的表面31是平坦并且光滑的,如镶木地板或一块油地毡,同时地毯38具有结构化上侧。其结果是,从平坦的镶木地板反射的光产生的光亮区段30将具有与图3b示出的相同的明显外观,然而结构化地毯38反射的光产生的光亮区段30a将会是有噪声的并且引起模糊线,该模糊线具有沿横向于竖直线激光器发出的激光的入射方向的方向的一些延伸。
因此,如果机器人设备10确定所捕捉的图像37中的光亮区段30a的外观是有噪声且模糊的,可以得出该表面是具有结构化上侧的地毯38的结论,相比于平坦且光滑的地板产生不同的光折射。
在这个具体实施例中,通过有利地确定结构化地毯将要被机器人设备10横越,可能有必要向抽风机20供应更大的操作电流、和以更高的转速旋转刷辊17和/或侧刷14。另外,相比于平坦且光滑的表面,可能有必要多于一次地走过地毯。
图5a展示了根据本发明的又一实施例的对表面的结构的检测,机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动。如可以看到的,如图3a,线激光器27将激光束30投射到待清洁的房间的表面31以及第一墙壁32上。但是,在这个具体实施例中,厚地毯39(例如,小地毯)被放置在地板上并且被激光器27的光束30照亮。
图5b展示了机器人设备的相机23捕捉的图5a中展示的周围环境的图像37,在该图像中,机器人在其上移动的表面31是平坦并且光滑的,如镶木地板或一块油地毡,同时小地毯39是参差不齐的并且通常包括从小地毯竖直向上延伸至距小地毯上侧几厘米的成片的纤维材料。其结果是,从平坦的镶木地板反射的光产生的光亮区段30将具有与图3b和图4b示出的相同的明显外观,然而从小地毯39反射的光产生的光亮区段30b将破碎成多个小的、基本上竖直线段。竖直线段的高度越高,小地毯就越厚。
因此,如果机器人设备10确定所捕捉的图像37的光亮区段30b的外观包括竖直线段,可以得出该表面是参差不齐的地毯39的结论。
在这个具体实施例中,通过有利地确定小地毯将要被机器人设备10横越,可能有必要向抽风机20供应更大的操作电流、和以甚至更高的转速旋转刷辊17和/或侧刷14。进一步地,可能有必要多于一次地走过地毯。而且,当机器人设备10在厚的小地毯39上移动时,可能要经受所谓的打滑,即,机器人的轮子正在转动但是机器人并没有移动(或者没有移动到轮子转动所预期的程度)。如前面已经讨论的,当使用航位推算时,轮子速度读数与陀螺仪信息相结合,并且控制器16可以确定机器人设备10的位置和航向。这是已知的方法,其中通过使用关于之前确定的位置的位置数据来计算当前位置。因此,在确定位置和航向时可以有利地考虑当机器人设备10横越小地毯39时所预期的轮子12、13的打滑。其结果是,控制器16可以有利地以更高的精度预测机器人10的位置并且适配驱动模式以便在位置估算中避免过多的错误。
上文主要参照一些实施例对本发明进行了描述。然而,本领域技术人员容易了解的是,除以上披露的实施例之外的其他实施例在由所附专利权利要求书限定的本发明的范围内同样是可能的。

Claims (11)

1.一种机器人清洁设备(10)检测表面(31)的结构的方法,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动,该方法包括:
使用竖直线激光照亮(S101)该表面;
捕捉(S102)该表面的图像(37);
检测(S103)所捕捉的图像中的至少一个光亮区段(30、30a、30b);并且
该机器人清洁设备(10)根据该至少一个光亮区段(30、30a、30b)的外观确定(S104)该表面的结构,其中,如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30)由直并且平滑的线组成,则该表面(31)被确定为包括平坦的地板,如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30a)由直并且有噪声的线组成,则该表面(31)被确定为包括具有结构化上侧的地毯(38),如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30b)破碎成多个小的基本上竖直线段,则该表面(31)被确定为包括小地毯(39)。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,检测这些竖直线段的长度以确定该小地毯(39)的厚度。
3.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法,另外包括:
基于该表面(31)的所确定的结构控制该机器人清洁设备(10)的操作。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,控制该机器人清洁设备(10)的操作包括:
控制机器人清洁设备抽风机(20)的抽吸能力、该机器人清洁设备的刷辊(17)或侧刷(14)的转速、或该机器人清洁设备(10)在该表面(31)上的移动中的任一项或多项。
5.机器人清洁设备(10),该机器人清洁设备被配置为检测表面(31)的结构,该机器人清洁设备在该表面上移动,该机器人清洁设备包括:
被安排为使该机器人清洁设备(10)在该表面(31)上移动的推进***(12,13,15a,15b);
被安排为使用竖直线激光照亮该表面(31)的至少一个光源(27);
被安排为捕捉该表面(31)的多张图像的相机设备(23);
被安排为控制该推进***使该机器人清洁设备移动的控制器(16);其中
该控制器(16)另外被安排为控制该相机设备捕捉该表面的图像(37)、检测所捕捉的图像中的至少一个光亮区段(30、30a、30b)、并且根据该至少一个光亮区段(30、30a、30b)的外观确定该表面的结构,其中如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30)由直并且平滑的线组成,则该表面(31)被确定为包括平坦的地板,如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30a)由直并且有噪声的线组成,则该表面(31)被确定为包括具有结构化上侧的地毯(38),如果该机器人清洁设备(10)确定该至少一个光亮区段(30b)破碎成多个小的基本上竖直线段,则该表面(31)被确定为包括小地毯(39)。
6.如权利要求5所述的机器人清洁设备(10),所述至少一个光源包括:
被安排为照亮该表面(31)的第一竖直线激光器(27)和第二竖直线激光器(28)。
7.如权利要求6所述的机器人清洁设备(10),其中,所述第一竖直线激光器(27)和所述第二竖直线激光器(28)沿着一条垂直于该相机设备(23)的光轴的轴线而安排在该相机设备的相应侧上。
8.如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的机器人清洁设备(10),该控制器(16)被另外安排为:
基于该表面(31)的所确定的结构控制该机器人清洁设备的操作。
9.如权利要求8所述的机器人清洁设备(10),该控制器(16)被安排为当控制该机器人清洁设备(10)的操作时:
控制机器人清洁设备抽风机(20)的抽吸能力、该机器人清洁设备的刷辊(17)或侧刷(14)的转速、或该机器人清洁设备(10)在该表面(31)上的移动中的任一项或多项。
10.一种计算机程序(25),包括多个计算机可执行指令,这些计算机可执行指令用于当在设备(10)中所包括的控制器(16)上执行这些计算机可执行指令时致使该设备进行如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法。
11.一种计算机程序产品,包括计算机可读介质(26),该计算机可读介质具有在其中实施的根据权利要求10所述的计算机程序(25)。
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