CN106912417A - Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrialized cultivation method - Google Patents
Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrialized cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Utilized the present invention relates to the protection of China South Sea high level marine economy species in imminent danger and effective exploitation, belong to echinoderm cultural technique field in agriculture aquaculture, specifically a kind of Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrialized cultivation method.With the dispensing density in 1000-1200/pond by Bohadschia argus Jaeger cultivate in be provided with cultivation substrate culturing pool in cultivate, 4-6ppm of DO values in breeding process, and 1 bait was fed with every 24 days, and pond day quantity of exchanged water is reached 25%, when sea cucumber specification reaches 500g/ bars, discharge water results；Wherein, the feeding volume of bait adding for 3rd 5% by sea cucumber weight in pond.The present invention is the method for the high effect culture Bohadschia argus Jaeger under the conditions of human controllable utilized to the protection of South Sea high level marine economy species in imminent danger and effective exploitation.
Description
Technical field
Protection and effective exploitation the present invention relates to China South Sea high level marine economy species in imminent danger
Utilize, belong to echinoderm cultural technique field in agriculture aquaculture, it is specifically a kind of
Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrialized cultivation method.
Background technology
Bohadschia argus Jaeger belongs to Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Parapet hand mesh, Holothuriidae, Bai Nican
Category (Liao Yulin, 1997)." white beche-de-mer ", " Virgin's milk ginseng " are commonly called as in Hainan Region.
Morphological feature is：General body 30-50cm long, the back side is Dark grey or greyish white with yellow,
There are many significant snake mesh shape speckles, the ambient color of each speckle is shallower, inside there is black circle,
It is yellow in circle, there is a stain in center, a small wart is stretched out from point, is also often arranged in not
The stringer of rule.Mouth is partial to the outside of belly, has tentacle 20.The outside of belly is flat, in ficelle,
And the pipe foot of the close many irregular arrangements of life.Back side osteoderm piece is mainly complicated and simple different flower
Grain pattern body；Outside of belly intracutaneous osteocomma is ovoid grain body and vinaceous figure body.
EcologicaI distribution：Inhabit in tropical forest insect reef or in lagoon, depth of water 6-18m is long more
There is the coral reef sand bottom of marine alga.Hainan Island periphery and the North Sea, Xisha are distributed in China
The archipelagos such as archipelago, Nansha.
Bohadschia argus Jaeger medicinal study is thought at present：
Its chemical analysis：Entirety (triterpenoid glycosides) containing Triterpene Glycosides, uses
Smith edman degradation Edmans obtain sea cucumber -9- (11)-β of alkene -3,12 salmefamols
[holost-9- (11)-ene-3 β, 12 α-diol] and sea cucumber -9 (11)-β -ol of alkene -3
[holost-9 (11)-en-3 beta -ols], ocean glucoside (marine glycoside), saponin
(saponins), lanolin-9 (the 11)-β of alkene-3 -ol [lanost-9 (11)-en-3 β
- ol], 4 α, 14-5 α of alpha-alpha-dimethyl-cholesteric-9 (11)-β of alkene-3 -ol [4
α, 14-dimethyl-5 α-cholest-9 (11) en-3 beta -ols], 14 α, methyl courage
Sterol-9 (the 11)-β of alkene-3 -ol [14 α-methylcholest-9 (11)-en-3 β
- ol], holothurin A.
Its pharmacological action：In vitro test, during Bohadschia argus Jaeger saponin 3-100 μ g/ml,
To Candida albicans, candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis), Candida utilis
Yeast (C.utilis), candida krusei (C.krusei) etc. have very strong anti-true
Bacterium acts on.The holothurin A isolated from Bai Nican (Bohadschia graeffei),
The propagation of yeast can be completely inhibited in vitro, and tumour cell can be substantially suppressed when heavy dose of.
Bohadschia argus Jaeger body is fertile greatly, and big individuality is soft up to more than 50 centimetres, body wall thickness
It is soft.Author saw there is single body weight in 2007 in Hainan Lingao County Mei Xia ports all places company parent
4500 kilograms of Bohadschia argus Jaeger.After its simple work is cooked, mouthfeel is tender smooth, and taste is put down
With and with light fresh perfume (or spice), edibility it is similar to stichopus japonicus.It is always China Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, Hainan
The marine products treasure of one band, is more doted on by Hongkong and Macro and south east asia gourmet.It is 1984, beautiful
State president Rigen visits China, and Bohadschia argus Jaeger has entertained Rigen as state banquet dish.Current snake mesh
Bai Nican it is fresh ginseng price more than 100 yuan/jin, a traditional unit of weight, than current more than 80 yuan/city of Shandong stichopus japonicus
The price of jin is also high, and market scope is wide, and market demand stage is high, possesses and grinds well
Study carefully, develop and promotional value.
Current Bohadschia argus Jaeger is all to arrest to get in shallow sea diving, does not have artificial breeding, cultivation
Report, be not the economic kind for possessing industry size.Author is from 2005 in Hainan Lingao
The all places company in county's U.S.'s summer proceeds by seed ginseng collection, cultivation, the artificial breeding of Bohadschia argus Jaeger
With the research work of cultivation, seedling more than 20 ten thousand was bred successively in 2007,2008, pass through
Marine site is broadcast at the bottom that cultivation is thrown to all places company management to 5 centimetres of specifications, grows fine at present,
Generally to the specification of 200 grams/.It is to cultivate to possess the South Sea characteristic Bohadschia argus Jaeger
Economic kind has made the preparation on necessary basis.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrialized cultivation method.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is comprised the following steps：
A kind of industrialized cultivation method of Bohadschia argus Jaeger：With the dispensing in 1000-1200/pond
Density by Bohadschia argus Jaeger cultivate in be provided with cultivation substrate culturing pool in cultivate, in breeding process
DO 4-6ppm of value, and 1 bait was fed with every 2-4 days, and reach pond day quantity of exchanged water
To the 25% of pond volume, when sea cucumber specification reaches 500g/ bars, discharge water results；Wherein,
The feeding volume of bait is added for 3-5% days by sea cucumber in pond is heavy.
The cultivation substrate is located at culturing pool bottom, and cultivation substrate is from the bottom to top rough sand and broken coral
Coral mixture layer, four pin cement brick layer and plastic cement cage；Wherein, rough sand and broken coral mixture layer
Middle rough sand and broken coral are 1 by weight:1 ratio mixing.
The end position two ends of the culturing pool are respectively configured adjustable water level formula drainpipe and water inlet pipe, bottom
Portion configures flexible pipe pneumatic head, and pneumatic head is 0.5-1/square metre in the distribution density of bottom of pond；
Water-storage depth is 1-1.5 meters in culturing pool, and retaining volume accounts for the 1/2-4/5 of cultivation pool volume.
The bait percentage by weight meter, 65-70% substrate material, 8--10% Eucheuma dry powder, 5-8%
Sargassum powder, 10-15% oyster shell whitings and 2-5% oyster ammonite；Wherein, substrate material is to dry
The unpolluted floating bottom ooze in seabed.
The culturing pool rinses pond once per pond discharging water in 10-15 days.
The present invention is had the advantage that：
What the present invention was utilized to the protection of South Sea high level marine economy species in imminent danger and effective exploitation
The method of the high effect culture Bohadschia argus Jaeger under the conditions of human controllable.Specially:
1st, the present invention provides entirety not propagate the torrid zone ginseng kind-Bohadschia argus Jaeger of record artificially
Artificial cultivating method；
2nd, technical scheme is applicable not only to propagating artificially for Bohadschia argus Jaeger finished product ginseng,
Be applied to Bohadschia argus Jaeger seed ginseng simultaneously stores up the cultivation cultivated with growth phase after young ginseng；
3rd, technical scheme is applied to Bohadschia argus Jaeger batch production, high-density breeding.
Specific embodiment
By following examples, the present invention is further described in detail.But therefore do not limit
Present disclosure processed, simple replacement or change that those skilled in the art make to present invention
Fall within rights protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention does not have the tropical sea cucumber species for propagating record artificially for Bohadschia argus Jaeger is this,
The basic facilities condition of its industrial aquaculture is set, the basic density of cultivation is needed in breeding process
The Essential Environment requirement wanted, it is necessary to bait fundamental component and feeding method, and in cultivation
During management method, establish the overall technology link of Bohadschia argus Jaeger industrial aquaculture.
Embodiment 1
1st, the determination of breed variety
Breed variety belongs to Holothuriidae Bohadschia argus Jaeger category for Bohadschia argus Jaeger, and body is oval,
Adult body surface is stingless.Tropical Ocean Area is distributed in, South China Sea is distributed mainly in China.Life
In coral reef marine site, there is the husky bottom of a small number of sea grass.Happiness high temperature, without aestivation.Body is long during life
400-500mm, about 100mm wide, more than about 400 grams of adult body weight.It is the one kind at China South Sea
It is new to cultivate the economic kind of high level echinoderm of getting up.
2nd, culturing pool construction
Specification for 7m × 3m × 1.8m rectangle cement pit, can water-storage depth be 1.5m,
Configuration flexible pipe pneumatic head:The Ge/㎡ of distribution density 0.5；In Chi Duanwei configuration adjustable water level formula rows
Water pipe, a diameter of 18.8cm；Other end position two water inlets of a diameter of 4.7cm of configuration in pond
Pipe.Double-layered sunshade net is set away from the 1.8m of pond top on culturing pool.
3rd, culturing pool substrate is built
It is 1 in the thick mass ratios of bottom of pond paving 15cm:1 rough sand and broken coral mixture,
This layer of four pin cement brick of substrate overlying 0.5m × 0.5m, the height of brick pin is 20cm, then
The code 3-5 layers of plastic cement cage of the four sides opening of 40cm × 32cm × 12cm on this layer of cement brick,
As cultivation substrate.
4th, seed is delivered
Selection specification for more than 2cm seed seed require be placed on the palm of the hand can overturn rapidly,
Voluntarily creep and leave, the brown Huang of body, body surface not damaged, dispensing density is 1000/pond.
5th, environmental Kuznets Curves
With rhodes blower connecting plastic pipeline, connected with the flexible pipe of flexible pipe 0.2cm diameters to pond
Gas stone, is uniformly invested in pond bottom, keeps DO values to be not less than 4ppm；All the time open into row
Water system, makes pond day quantity of exchanged water reach 25%.
6th, bait makes
Make substrate material after being dried with the unpolluted floating bottom ooze in seabed, add 8% kylin dried vegetable
Powder, 5% sargassum powder, 10% oyster shell whiting, 2% oyster ammonite makes bait by oneself, by pond
The 3-5% day feeding volumes of sea cucumber weight, feed 1 time for every 3 days.
7th, management and results
Every 3 days 1 time observation and the activity situation of record sea cucumber, including body change long, ingest
Situation, sick enemy situation, number change etc., carry out the record of related data.Every 15 days will
Pond is discharged water, and rinses pond once, and sea cucumber is reclassified by specification and raising is organized.Treat sea
When ginseng specification reaches 500g/ bars, discharge water results.
Embodiment 2
The industrialized cultivation method example of Bohadschia argus Jaeger, comprises the following steps：
1st, the determination of breed variety
Breed variety belongs to Holothuriidae Bohadschia argus Jaeger category for Bohadschia argus Jaeger, and body is oval,
Adult body surface is stingless.Tropical Ocean Area is distributed in, South China Sea is distributed mainly in China.Life
In coral reef marine site, there is the husky bottom of a small number of sea grass.Happiness high temperature, without aestivation.Body is long during life
400-500mm, about 100mm wide, more than about 400 grams of adult body weight.It is the one kind at China South Sea
It is new to cultivate the economic kind of high level echinoderm of getting up.
2nd, plant is coastal positioned at Lingao County, Hainan Province, breeding water mud sump 100, the cultivation
Field possesses the guarantee condition of complete water, electricity, gas.
3rd, culturing pool
Specification is the rectangle cement pit of 7m × 3m × 1.8m, and water-storage depth is 1.5m, is matched somebody with somebody
Put flexible pipe pneumatic head:The Ge/㎡ of distribution density 0.5；Adjustable water level formula draining is configured in Chi Duanwei
Pipe, a diameter of 18.8cm；Two water inlet pipes of a diameter of 4.7cm of other end position configuration in pond.
Double-layered sunshade net is set away from the 1.8m of pond top on culturing pool.
4th, culturing pool substrate is built
It is 1 in the thick mass ratios of bottom of pond paving 15cm:1 rough sand and broken coral mixture,
This layer of four pin cement brick of substrate overlying 0.5m × 0.5m, the height of brick pin is 20cm, then
The plastic cement cage of the four sides opening of 3 layers of 40cm × 32cm × 12cm of code on this layer of cement brick,
As cultivation substrate.
5th, seed is delivered
It is 1200/pond that Bohadschia argus Jaeger seed delivers density, and selection specification is more than 2cm's
Seed, being placed on the palm of the hand can rapidly overturn, voluntarily creep and leave, and the brown Huang of body, body surface is lossless
Wound,.
5th, environmental Kuznets Curves
With rhodes blower connecting plastic pipeline, connected with the flexible pipe of flexible pipe 0.2cm diameters to pond
Gas stone, is uniformly invested in pond bottom, keeps DO values to be not less than 4ppm；All the time open into row
Water system, makes pond day quantity of exchanged water reach 25%.
6th, bait makes
Make substrate material after being dried with the unpolluted floating bottom ooze in seabed, bed material accounts for feeding quality ratio
The 68% of example, adds 10% Eucheuma dry powder, 8% sargassum powder, 10% oyster shell whiting, 4% dried oyster
Digested tankage, makes bait by oneself, by the 3-5% day feeding volumes of sea cucumber weight in pond, feeds 1 within every 3 days
It is secondary.
7th, management and results
Every 3 days 1 time observation and the activity situation of record sea cucumber, including body change long, ingest
Situation, sick enemy situation, number change etc., do the record of related data.Every 15 days by pond
The pool is discharged water, and rinses pond once, and sea cucumber is reclassified by specification and raising is organized.Sea cucumber is advised
When lattice reach 650g/ bars, discharge water results.Average product reaches 277 jin/pond.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of industrialized cultivation method of Bohadschia argus Jaeger, it is characterised in that：With
The dispensing density in 1000-1200/pond by Bohadschia argus Jaeger cultivate in be provided with cultivation substrate support
Grow in pond and cultivate, 4-6ppm of DO values in breeding process, and fed 1 bait with every 2-4 days
Material, and pond day quantity of exchanged water is reached 25%, when sea cucumber specification reaches 500g/ bars, put
Water is harvested；Wherein, the feeding volume of bait is added for 3-5% days by sea cucumber in pond is heavy.
2. the industrialized cultivation method of the Bohadschia argus Jaeger as described in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The cultivation substrate is located at culturing pool bottom, and cultivation substrate is from the bottom to top rough sand and broken coral
Coral mixture layer, four pin cement brick layer and plastic cement cage；Wherein, rough sand and broken coral mixture layer
Middle rough sand and broken coral are 1 by weight:1 ratio mixing.
3. the industrialized cultivation method of the Bohadschia argus Jaeger as described in claim 1, its feature
It is：The end position two ends of the culturing pool are respectively configured adjustable water level formula drainpipe and water inlet pipe,
Bottom configures flexible pipe pneumatic head, and pneumatic head is 0.5-1/square metre in the distribution density of bottom of pond；
Water-storage depth is 1-1.5 meters in culturing pool, and retaining volume accounts for the 1/2-4/5 of cultivation pool volume.
4. the industrialized cultivation method of the Bohadschia argus Jaeger as described in claim 1, its feature
It is：Bait by weight percentage, 65-70% substrate material, 8--10% Eucheuma dry powder, 5-8%
Sargassum powder, 10-15% oyster shell whitings and 2-5% oyster ammonite；Wherein, substrate material is to dry
The unpolluted floating bottom ooze in seabed.
5. the industrialized cultivation method of the Bohadschia argus Jaeger as described in claim 1, its feature
It is：The culturing pool rinses pond once per pond discharging water in 10-15 days.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114223589A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Bottom sowing proliferation method for tropical sea cucumber seedlings in open sea area |
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| JP2002306050A (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-22 | Okikaiko:Kk | Method for controlling acanthaster by structure having net arranged in dark place |
| CN1709135A (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2005-12-21 | 青岛金海力水产科技有限公司 | Compound fodder for holothurian culture |
| CN101156557A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2008-04-09 | 李成林 | deep well booth holothurian culture method |
| CN102422823A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-25 | 连江罗源湾金牌渔业科技有限公司 | Factory sea cucumber pool-culturing device and culturing method thereof |
| CN103798158A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-21 | 赵宪东 | Culture method for sea cucumbers |
| CN103960171A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Artificial cultivation method for bohadschia argus larvae |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114223589A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Bottom sowing proliferation method for tropical sea cucumber seedlings in open sea area |
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