CN106899036B - Photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation - Google Patents
Photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106899036B CN106899036B CN201710157349.XA CN201710157349A CN106899036B CN 106899036 B CN106899036 B CN 106899036B CN 201710157349 A CN201710157349 A CN 201710157349A CN 106899036 B CN106899036 B CN 106899036B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
A photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation comprises a photovoltaic array, an inverter matrix, an alternating current power distribution unit and an isolation transformer; the output end of each battery assembly in the photovoltaic array is connected with the input end of each inverter in the inverter matrix; the output end of each inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current power distribution unit; the output end of the alternating current distribution unit is connected with the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer, and the high-voltage side of the isolation transformer is directly connected with the power grid; each inverter in the inverter matrix mainly comprises a DC/AC inversion unit, an AC auxiliary source, a controller and an AC filtering unit; the PID-resistant power module is arranged at the output end of the alternating-current power distribution unit or at the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer and is used for lifting the ground voltage of the alternating-current side and the direct-current side of the inverter; the PID-resistant power supply module can be installed as an independent unit module; the method can realize the inhibiting function of PID effect in the daytime inverter working process of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system and the function of applying back pressure compensation and recovery to the PID effect when the night inverter is disconnected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Potential Induced Decay (PID) effect of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced decay.
Background
The potential induced attenuation (PID) effect of the photovoltaic module refers to the phenomenon that the battery pack factor, open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are reduced, the battery and even the module power are attenuated, and the power generation performance and durability of the photovoltaic module with the PID effect are seriously affected due to the fact that leakage current exists between glass, packaging materials, aluminum frames and battery pieces in the photovoltaic module, so that a large amount of charges are accumulated on the surfaces of the battery pieces. The traditional method for solving the PID effect of the photovoltaic power station comprises the following steps: firstly, as shown in fig. 1, grounding a negative electrode or a positive electrode of a photovoltaic module; scheme II, as shown in figure 2, applying back pressure to the ground at night; in a third scheme, as shown in fig. 3, a coupling point is constructed by using at least one phase on the ac side of the inverter, and a lifting voltage is applied between the coupling point and the ground to raise the voltage of the coupling point, so as to raise the voltage of the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground. However, the first solution presents a safety risk in terms of leakage current and electric shock. The second scheme cannot play a role in inhibiting the PID effect when the inverter is in grid-connected operation. A third solution requires the use of a related device connection to construct the coupling end of the lifting circuit on the grid.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation, which can simultaneously realize the function of inhibiting the PID effect of the photovoltaic power generation system in the working process of an inverter in daytime and the function of applying back pressure at night to recover the PID effect. .
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation comprises a photovoltaic array, an inverter matrix, an alternating current power distribution unit and an isolation transformer; the output end of each battery assembly in the photovoltaic array is connected with the input end of each inverter in the inverter matrix, and a direct current power supply is provided for the inverter; the output end of each inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current power distribution unit and is used for carrying out power distribution output on alternating current; the output end of the alternating current power distribution unit is connected with the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer, and the high-voltage side of the isolation transformer is directly connected with the power grid; each inverter in the inverter square matrix mainly comprises a DC/AC inversion unit, an AC auxiliary source, a controller and an AC filtering unit, wherein the input end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the output end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the input end of the AC filtering unit, the output end of the AC auxiliary source is connected with the power end of the controller, power is supplied to the controller when the inverter is off-grid at night, the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the driving end of a switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit and a grid-connected relay switch K in the AC filtering unit, and a control signal 1 and a control signal 2 are respectively output, wherein the control signal 1 controls the switching state of each switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit, and the control signal 2 controls the working state of the grid-connected relay K in the AC filtering unit; the PID-resistant power module is arranged at the output end of the alternating-current power distribution unit or at the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer and is used for lifting the voltage of the alternating-current side and the direct-current side of the inverter to the ground; the PID-resistant power module can be installed as an independent unit module independent of the photovoltaic power generation system.
The DC/AC inversion unit is composed of a three-phase inversion bridge.
The alternating current filter unit is formed by connecting a three-phase LC alternating current filter circuit in series with a grid-connected relay switch K respectively.
The PID-preventing power module comprises a power frequency transformer, a voltage lifting circuit and a coupling circuit, wherein the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the output end of an alternating current power distribution unit or the low-voltage side three-phase input of an isolation transformer, the secondary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the voltage lifting circuit to supply power to the voltage lifting circuit, the neutral point N of the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the positive output end of the voltage lifting circuit through the coupling circuit, and the negative output end of the voltage lifting circuit is grounded.
The voltage lifting circuit is an AC/DC power module capable of adjusting direct current output voltage.
The power frequency transformer adopts a YY transformer, an YD transformer or a split transformer; the input and output of the transformer are single tap or multiple taps.
The coupling circuit is a resistive, capacitive or inductive circuit formed by any combination of resistors, capacitors and inductors in series and parallel.
The controller in each inverter controls a switching tube of the DC/AC inversion unit and a grid-connected relay in the AC filtering unit according to a normal inversion working state when the inverter works normally in daytime;
when the inverter is off-line at night, the controller in each inverter supplies power by an alternating current auxiliary source in the inverter, at the moment, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 1 for controlling the switching tube of the lower half bridge arm of one phase in the DC/AC inversion unit to be conducted, and meanwhile, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 2 for controlling the grid-connected relay K in the filtering branch circuit of the phase corresponding to the lower half bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inversion unit in the alternating current filtering unit to be attracted; when the inverter is off-line at night, a current loop is formed by the PID-prevention power module, the alternating current power distribution unit, the filter circuit sucked by the relay of the alternating current filter unit, the lower bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inverter unit and the PV-in the photovoltaic array, so that the constant voltage output by the voltage lifting circuit in the PID-prevention power module is applied between the PV-and the ground through the loop as back pressure, and the PID effect of the photovoltaic module is recovered; this achieves the back-pressure compensation recovery function of the system when the inverter is not operating at night.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The PID-preventing power module can be installed as an independent unit module independent of the photovoltaic power generation system. The module can be arranged on the alternating current output side of a photovoltaic power generation system or the low voltage side of an isolation transformer, and the module is flexible and convenient to install.
(2) The PID-resistant power supply module can be directly connected with alternating current three phases, the middle is not required to be connected after other electric elements are used for virtually forming neutral points, and meanwhile, the PID-resistant power supply module is used for supplying power to the voltage lifting circuit from the three-phase power supply, so that the circuit cost is effectively saved.
(3) The voltage lifting circuit in the PID prevention power supply module is an AC/DC power supply module with adjustable direct current output voltage, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of the site so as to meet the requirement of the site.
(4) The photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation has the functions of inhibiting PID effect in daytime and applying back pressure compensation recovery to PID effect at night, and is comprehensive and stable in function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system of the prior art scheme for preventing potential induced degradation.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system of the prior art scheme with potential induced decay.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system with three-prevention potential induced decay according to the prior art scheme.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention that is protected from potential induced decay.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an anti-PID power supply according to the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PID effect recovery circuit according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 4, the photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation comprises a photovoltaic array, an inverter matrix, an alternating current power distribution unit and an isolation transformer; the output end of each battery assembly in the photovoltaic array is connected with the input end of each inverter in the inverter matrix, and a direct current power supply is provided for the inverter; the output end of each inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current power distribution unit and is used for carrying out power distribution output on alternating current; the output end of the alternating current power distribution unit is connected with the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer, and the high-voltage side of the isolation transformer is directly connected with the power grid; each inverter in the inverter square matrix mainly comprises a DC/AC inversion unit, an AC auxiliary source, a controller and an AC filtering unit, wherein the input end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the output end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the input end of the AC filtering unit, the output end of the AC auxiliary source is connected with the power end of the controller, power is supplied to the controller when the inverter is off-grid at night, the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the driving end of a switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit and a grid-connected relay switch K in the AC filtering unit, and a control signal 1 and a control signal 2 are respectively output, wherein the control signal 1 controls the switching state of each switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit, and the control signal 2 controls the working state of the grid-connected relay K in the AC filtering unit; the PID-resistant power module is arranged at the output end of the alternating-current power distribution unit or at the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer and is used for lifting the voltage of the alternating-current side and the direct-current side of the inverter to the ground; the PID-resistant power module can be installed as an independent unit module independent of the photovoltaic power generation system. The alternating current filter unit is formed by connecting a three-phase LC alternating current filter circuit in series with a grid-connected relay switch K respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the PID-preventing power module includes a power frequency transformer, a voltage lifting circuit and a coupling circuit, where the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the output end of the ac power distribution cabinet or the low-voltage side three-phase input of the isolation transformer, the secondary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the voltage lifting circuit to supply power to the voltage lifting circuit, the neutral point N of the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the positive output end of the voltage lifting circuit through the coupling circuit, and the negative output end of the voltage lifting circuit is grounded.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage boost circuit is an AC/DC power module with adjustable DC output voltage.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power frequency transformer adopts a YY transformer, an YD transformer or a split transformer; the input and output of the transformer are single tap or multiple taps.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling circuit is a resistive, capacitive or inductive circuit formed by any combination of series connection and parallel connection of a resistor, a capacitor and an inductor.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the photovoltaic power generation system works in a grid-connected mode in daytime, a controller in the inverter controls switching tubes and relays in the DC/AC inversion unit and the alternating current filtering unit according to a normal inversion working state. The voltage lifting circuit in the PID prevention power module outputs a certain voltage value, the neutral point N of the primary side of the YY transformer is lifted by the same voltage value, the voltage of an alternating current three-phase part connected with the primary side of the YY transformer is synchronously lifted by the same voltage value, and simultaneously, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array connected with the inverter square matrix are stably lifted by the same voltage value. Aiming at different types of photovoltaic modules, the scheme can realize the function of inhibiting the PID effect of the system in the working process of the daytime inverter. When the photovoltaic power generation system is off-grid at night, the controller in the inverter provides power by the auxiliary power supply in the inverter, at the moment, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 1 for controlling the switching tube of the lower half bridge arm of a certain phase in the DC/AC inversion unit to be conducted, and meanwhile, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 2 for controlling the grid-connected relay K in the filtering branch circuit of the alternating current filtering unit, which corresponds to the lower half bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inversion unit, to be attracted. When the inverter is off-line at night, a current loop is formed by the PID-prevention power module, the alternating current power distribution unit, the filter circuit sucked by the relay of the alternating current filter unit, the lower bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inverter unit and the PV-, so that the constant voltage output by the voltage lifting circuit in the PID-prevention power module is applied between the PV and the ground through the loop as counter pressure, and the PID effect recovery is carried out on the photovoltaic module. This achieves the back-pressure compensation recovery function of the system when the inverter is not operating at night.
As shown in FIG. 6, an embodiment of the night PID effect recovery circuit is provided. When the inverter is off-line at night, the alternating current auxiliary source in the inverter supplies power to the controller. At this time, the controller in the inverter is changed from a normal inversion control mode to a control mode of PID effect recovery, namely, the controller sends out a control signal 1 to control the switch tube T2 of the lower bridge arm in the b-phase bridge arm in the DC/AC inversion unit to be conducted, and simultaneously sends out a control signal 2 to control the grid-connected relay K in the b-phase branch in the AC filtering unit to be attracted, so that the constant voltage output by the voltage lifting circuit in the PID prevention power module is applied between PV-ground through the b-phase filtering branch in the AC filtering unit and the b-phase lower half bridge arm in the inverter, the PID effect recovery is carried out on the photovoltaic module, and the back pressure compensation recovery function of the system when the inverter does not work at night is realized.
Claims (4)
1. A photovoltaic power generation system capable of preventing potential induced attenuation comprises a photovoltaic array, an inverter matrix, an alternating current power distribution unit and an isolation transformer; the output end of each battery assembly in the photovoltaic array is connected with the input end of each inverter in the inverter matrix, and a direct current power supply is provided for the inverter; the output end of each inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current power distribution unit and is used for carrying out power distribution output on alternating current; the output end of the alternating current power distribution unit is connected with the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer, and the high-voltage side of the isolation transformer is directly connected with the power grid; the method is characterized in that: each inverter in the inverter square matrix mainly comprises a DC/AC inversion unit, an AC auxiliary source, a controller and an AC filtering unit, wherein the input end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the output end of the DC/AC inversion unit is connected with the input end of the AC filtering unit, the output end of the AC auxiliary source is connected with the power end of the controller, power is supplied to the controller when the inverter is off-grid at night, the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the driving end of a switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit and a grid-connected relay switch K in the AC filtering unit, and a control signal 1 and a control signal 2 are respectively output, wherein the control signal 1 controls the switching state of each switching tube in the DC/AC inversion unit, and the control signal 2 controls the working state of the grid-connected relay K in the AC filtering unit; the PID-resistant power module is arranged at the output end of the alternating-current power distribution unit or at the low-voltage side of the isolation transformer and is used for lifting the ground voltage of the alternating-current side and the direct-current side of the inverter; the PID-resistant power module can be independently arranged outside the photovoltaic power generation system and used as an independent unit module for installation;
the alternating current filter unit is formed by respectively connecting a three-phase LC alternating current filter circuit in series with a grid-connected relay switch K;
the PID-resistant power supply module comprises a power frequency transformer, a voltage lifting circuit and a coupling circuit, wherein the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the output end of an alternating current power distribution unit or the low-voltage side three-phase input of an isolation transformer, the secondary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the voltage lifting circuit to supply power to the voltage lifting circuit, the neutral point N of the primary side of the power frequency transformer is connected with the positive output end of the voltage lifting circuit through the coupling circuit, and the negative output end of the voltage lifting circuit is grounded;
the voltage lifting circuit is an AC/DC power supply module capable of adjusting direct current output voltage;
the coupling circuit is a resistive, capacitive or inductive circuit formed by any combination of resistors, capacitors and inductors in series and parallel.
2. A photovoltaic power generation system preventing potential induced degradation according to claim 1, wherein: the DC/AC inversion unit is composed of a three-phase inversion bridge.
3. A photovoltaic power generation system preventing potential induced degradation according to claim 1, wherein: the power frequency transformer adopts a YY transformer, an YD transformer or a split transformer; the input and output of the transformer are single tap or multiple taps.
4. A photovoltaic power generation system preventing potential induced degradation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: when the inverter works normally in daytime, the controller in the inverter controls a switching tube of the DC/AC inversion unit and a grid-connected relay in the AC filtering unit according to a normal inversion working state;
when the inverter is off-line at night, the controller in each inverter supplies power by an alternating current auxiliary source in the inverter, at the moment, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 1 for controlling the switching tube of the lower half bridge arm of one phase in the DC/AC inversion unit to be conducted, and meanwhile, the controller in the inverter sends out a control signal 2 for controlling the grid-connected relay K in the filtering branch circuit of the phase corresponding to the lower half bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inversion unit in the alternating current filtering unit to be attracted; when the inverter is off-line at night, a current loop is formed by the PID-prevention power module, the alternating current power distribution unit, the filter circuit sucked by the relay of the alternating current filter unit, the lower bridge arm conducted in the DC/AC inverter unit and the PV-in the photovoltaic array, so that the constant voltage output by the voltage lifting circuit in the PID-prevention power module is applied between the PV-and the ground through the loop as back pressure, and the PID effect of the photovoltaic module is recovered; this achieves the back-pressure compensation recovery function of the system when the inverter is not operating at night.
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