CN102694477B - High-voltage alternating current power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage direct current power supply common-base circuit - Google Patents
High-voltage alternating current power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage direct current power supply common-base circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-voltage alternating current power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage direct current power supply common-base circuit which belongs to the technical field of electric appliance control power supplies. The circuit comprises a low-voltage alternating current power supply which is obtained by carrying out step-down on a high-voltage alternating current power supply by a depressurization capacitor, a low-voltage direct current power supply which is obtained by carrying out step-down and bridge rectifier on the high-voltage alternating current power supply by the depressurization capacitor, a voltage stabilizing circuit which is connected with the low-voltage direct current power supply, a high-voltage alternating current load control device and a control circuit of the control device. The high-voltage alternating current power supply is single-phase or three-phase four-wire. A capacitor is parallelly connected between the negative pole of the low-voltage direct current power supply and the alternating current input end of a rectifier bridge, and a voltage stabilizing diode is parallelly connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the low-voltage direct current power supply. The circuit can meet the following requirements at the same time: low power consumption, small size, low cost and high efficiency; and the low-voltage direct current power supply, the low-voltage alternating current power supply and the high-voltage alternating current power supply can be common-base, or the control devices of the low-voltage direct current power supply, the low-voltage alternating current power supply and the high-voltage alternating current load can be common-base.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrical equipment control power technique fields, be specifically related to a kind of high-voltage ac power and its low-voltage alternating current power supply producing and low-voltage dc power supply three power supplys circuit altogether.
Background technology
In low-voltage electrical apparatus small-power phase control techniques, high-tension AC load often needs to carry out control out of service or that put into operation according to various signals.Generation and the required low-voltage dc power supply of processing control signals are obtained by all-wave or halfwave rectifier conventionally.The method that obtains this control low-voltage dc power supply has four kinds: the first is directly high voltage AC power to be carried out to rectification, then by switch power technology, high-voltage DC power supply is become to low-voltage dc power supply; The second is directly high voltage AC power to be carried out to rectification, then obtains low-voltage dc power supply by resistance step-down and voltage stabilizing didoe (or three-terminal voltage-stabilizing module) voltage stabilizing; The third is first by rectification after capacitance decompression, then by resistance step-down and voltage stabilizing didoe (or three-terminal voltage-stabilizing module) voltage stabilizing, obtains low-voltage dc power supply; The 4th kind is to obtain low-voltage dc power supply by transformer pressure-reducing, after rectification.The load current of the low-voltage dc power supply of using at control circuit is less, in order to improve the conversion efficiency from AC power to low-voltage dc power supply, should select the mode of rectification after ac capacitor step-down.
Bidirectional thyristor is often used as high-voltage ac power load and puts into operation and the phased device of electric semiconductor out of service.The negative pole of the low-voltage dc power supply that the negative electrode of thyristor will be used with control circuit is connected together (or claiming that two or more circuit modules have public tie point altogether).That can accomplish this point has halfwave rectifier and a transformer pressure-reducing rectification.Halfwave rectifier capacitor step-down weak effect can not use, and can only use resistor step-down or the step-down of resistance capacitance parallel branch.Because the loss of dropping resistor is larger, from reducing the requirement of energy consumption, adopt the halfwave rectifier of resistor step-down inapplicable.If adopt transformer pressure-reducing rectifier system, because the loss of transformer is larger, neither best-of-breed technology approach.Adopt capacitor step-down, then can obtain low-voltage dc power supply through bridge-type or full-wave rectification, but the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply can not with the negative electrode of thyristor altogether.A kind of way is altogether, after low-voltage dc power supply, then adopts DC-isolation power supply, make the low-voltage dc power supply after isolation negative pole can with the negative electrode of thyristor altogether.But the efficiency of insulating power supply is lower, and cost is higher.Thus, make the negative electrode of control low-voltage dc power supply negative pole and thyristor altogether, only have the way that adopts transformer pressure-reducing rectification and low-voltage direct insulating power supply, the efficiency of these two kinds of ways and cost are all higher.
In order to regulate the power of high-voltage ac power load, or make high-voltage ac power load drop into and out of service, conventionally adopt phase controlled thyristors.Will be by regulating the on-delay angle of thyristor to reach the object that regulates high-voltage ac power load, just must obtain the frequency of high-voltage ac power and the signal at phase angle, therefore need to have the low-voltage alternating current power supply with high-voltage ac power same frequency same-phase same waveform.Namely, when high efficiency obtains low-voltage dc power supply, also must obtain expeditiously the low-voltage alternating current power supply with high-voltage ac power same frequency same-phase same waveform.
Further, the negative pole of the low-voltage dc power supply that also must use with control circuit from the signal of the low-voltage alternating current power supply of high-voltage ac power altogether so that control circuit obtains phase control signal.
Visible by above-mentioned analysis, to realize economic and practical high quality control to low-voltage electrical apparatus, circuit is had to following requirement: the one, that power consumption is little, volume is little, cost is low; The 2nd, can obtain expeditiously low-voltage dc power supply and low-voltage alternating current power supply; The 3rd, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage dc power supply must can be altogether, to produce phased signal; The 4th, low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, high-voltage ac power three must be altogether, or the control device of low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, the load of control high-voltage alternating must can be altogether.
Can meet at present the technological approaches of the 3rd and the 4th requirement, have transformer mode and low-voltage direct insulating power supply mode, but volume of transformer be large, cost is high, and power consumption is large; The mode of low-voltage direct insulating power supply, although the common ground problem of the low-voltage dc power supply after the negative electrode that can solve thyristor and isolation is that cost is high, and needs self-oscillation that small signal circuit is had to electromagnetic interference equally.
Use has the relay of electrical isolation function, or uses the load of the thyristor control high-voltage ac power of photoelectricity isolated controlling, can make low-voltage dc power supply and high-voltage ac power have the performance of electrical isolation.Use this two kinds of method control high-voltage ac powers load, solve problem altogether although convenient, the cost of relay and photoelectric coupling thyristor is high, and volume is large.
As long as use the load of thyristor control high-voltage ac power, high-voltage ac power and low-voltage dc power supply are not just electrical isolation, and not all control circuit all must carry out electrical isolation with high-voltage ac power.
The result of literature search shows there is no so far to meet the technical scheme of above-mentioned four requirements simultaneously.For example: the Chinese patent document that application number is 90102363.9, name is called " capacitive voltage regulating dc power supply ", this technical scheme circuit more complicated, although solved the efficiency of transformer pressure-reducing rectification, manufacturing cost is high.Application number is 00120735.0 Chinese patent document, and name is called " coil-free ac/dc power source ", and this technical scheme does not also obtain low-voltage dc power supply with transformer pressure-reducing, but has used power-type switching tube, is similar to Switching Power Supply.The efficiency of switch power technology is conventionally in 85% left and right.Application number is 03129175.9 Chinese patent document, and name is called " a kind of low-voltage DC power source circuit ", and this technology is also to have used power-type switching tube, and efficiency is lower, and manufacturing cost is not low yet.Application number is 200620014628.8 Chinese patent document, name is called " resistance-capacitance voltage-reducing power circuit ", this technical scheme adopts the method for halfwave rectifier, can be without power-type switching tube, also can accomplish high-voltage alternating and low-voltage direct altogether, but the low-voltage alternating current power supply that produces phase control signal can not be provided.Application number is 201010234344.0 Chinese patent document, name is called " energy-saving capacitor depressurization dual-power-supply double-isolation control module ", this technical scheme adopts capacitor step-down, improve AC power and be rectified into the efficiency of DC power supply, but do not solved common ground problem and obtain low-voltage AC power supply signal problem.Application number is 200920148689.7 Chinese patent document, name is called " capacitor parallel-connection type booster circuit of transducer air conditioning ", the object of this technical scheme is to improve the voltage of direct current output by electrolytic capacitor, do not use decompression capacitor, wherein the positive ends of the electrolytic capacitor of two serial connections is connected with the positive ends of bridge rectifier VD, the negative polarity end of the electrolytic capacitor of two serial connections is connected with the negative polarity end of VD, the positive polarity of the electrolytic capacitor of two serial connections is connected in series the diode anode cathode connection being a little connected in series with two and is connected together with negative polarity.Application number is 200520001549.9 Chinese patent document, title: " suppressing the transformerless DC power supply of electronic circuit conducted interference ", this technical scheme is concatenated into after a resistance capacitance parallel branch by a resistance branch, be linked into again an ac input end of bridge rectifier, shunt capacitance on the diode of four (or two) brachium pontis of bridge rectifier; The object of this technical scheme be by the resistance of serial connection and brachium pontis and the diode that connects form a resistance-capacitance absorption branch road, the interference signal suppressing in electronic circuit is transmitted in DC power supply.What between an ac input end of the AC power of this technical scheme mesohigh and rectifier bridge, be connected in series is resistance branch and resistance capacitance parallel branch; The resistance of this technical scheme serial connection forms these two effects of resistance capaciting absorpting circuit by step-down with the electric capacity on brachium pontis; The electric capacity that this technical scheme goes up and connects at rectifying bridge arm (diode) is the capacitive part suppressing in the required resistance-capacitance absorption branch road of conducted interference; Between the negative pole (the anodic bonding points of two diodes) of the DC power supply of this technical scheme rectifier bridge output and two ac input ends of rectifier bridge and the capacitor connecing, play the effect that suppresses interference.Application number is 200910126979.6 Chinese patent document, title: " transforming circuit for capacitor ", in this technology, between an ac input end of bridge rectifier and the phase line of high-tension AC power or zero line, be serially connected with decompression capacitor, between two ac input ends of bridge rectifier and connect a dividing potential drop electric capacity.The dividing potential drop electric capacity of this technology is directly connected on two ac input ends of rectifier bridge, and the voltage-dividing capacitor of this technology only plays the effect that exchanges dividing potential drop.Application number is 200710008782.3, title: " capacitance-voltage-distributing type DC power supply " is just the same in the annexation of capacitor and bridge rectifier with above-mentioned " transforming circuit for capacitor ".Application number is the Chinese patent document of 89202917.X, title: " capacitive charger ", this technology and above-mentioned " transforming circuit for capacitor " are almost identical, and just decompression capacitor capacity regulates by one group of switch in this technology.Application number is 99248860.5 Chinese patent document, title: " capacitance decompression driving light-emitting diode assembly ", the difference of this technology and above-mentioned " capacitive charger " is that the direct voltage size of bridge rectifier output depends on the ratio of the resistance value of DC load and the capacitor value of decompression capacitor.Application number is 201120066640.4 Chinese patent document, and name is called " the brightness tunable radiation emitting diode drive circuit of capacitively coupled ", and its technical scheme is similar to the patent document that application number is 99248860.5.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-voltage alternating and low-voltage alternating-current and low-voltage direct three power supplys circuit altogether, this circuit can meet following requirement simultaneously: power consumption is little, volume is little, cost is low; Can obtain expeditiously low-voltage dc power supply and low-voltage alternating current power supply; Low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, high-voltage ac power three can be altogether, or the control device three of low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, high-voltage alternating load can be altogether.
Circuit of the present invention contains the low-voltage alternating current power supply being obtained after decompression capacitor step-down by high-voltage ac power, the low-voltage dc power supply being obtained after bridge rectifier through decompression capacitor step-down by high-voltage ac power, the voltage stabilizing circuit being connected with low-voltage dc power supply, the control device of high-voltage alternating load and the control circuit of this control device
When high-voltage ac power is while being single-phase, the phase line of single phase alternating current power supply or zero line are received the first end of decompression capacitor, the second end of this decompression capacitor is received an ac input end in rectifier bridge, another ac input end connects zero line or the phase line of high-voltage ac power, each and be connected to a capacitor between two ac input ends in the negative pole of low-voltage DC potential source and rectifier bridge, the second end of decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, or that end that high-voltage ac power is not connected with decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, preferably the second end of decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, the signal output part of control circuit connects the signal input part of control device, the power input of the output connection control circuit of voltage stabilizing circuit, between the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage DC potential source, be parallel with voltage stabilizing didoe, the second end that low-voltage alternating-current load is connected on decompression capacitor and high-voltage ac power are not and between one end of being connected of decompression capacitor,
In the time that high-voltage ac power is three-phase four-wire system, every phase line of three-phase alternating-current supply received the first end of a decompression capacitor, the second end of each decompression capacitor is received respectively in three ac input ends that have in three-phase four-wire system full bridge rectifier, a remaining ac input end connects the zero line of high-voltage ac power, between four ac input ends in the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply and rectifier bridge, be respectively parallel with a capacitor, the second end of decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, the signal output part of control circuit connects the signal input part of control device, the power input of the output connection control circuit of voltage stabilizing circuit, between the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage DC potential source, be parallel with voltage stabilizing didoe.
No matter be to single-phase or the AC power of three-phase four-wire system, also no matter be single-phase bridge rectification or three-phase bridge rectification, the capacitor step-down circuit of the high-voltage ac power relating to above, rectification circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, the control circuit of control device is prior art, by those skilled in the art is known.The control device of said high-voltage load can be the power semiconductor device of voltage or Current Control, preferably adopts unidirectional or bidirectional thyristor.
Operation principle: be connected between the ac input end of full bridge rectifier of decompression capacitor and the negative pole of low-voltage DC potential source and produce the low pressure sine ac power supply that contains DC component, this sine ac power supply and low-voltage dc power supply be (one end of low pressure sinusoidal ac potential source and the negative polarity end of low-voltage dc power supply have points of common connection) altogether.The zero line of high pressure sine ac power supply can flow through the positive and negative half-wave current of high pressure sine ac power supply load to the parallel branch of the capacitor between the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply and rectifier diode, and the equivalent AC impedance of this branch road to compare the impedance of high pressure simple alternating current load little a lot of times, thereby make the zero line of high pressure sine ac power supply and the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply possess the electrical characteristic on common ground.So form high-voltage alternating sine power supply, low pressure sine ac power supply and low-voltage dc power supply totally three power supplys circuit structure altogether.
The negative electrode of controlling the single-phase or bidirectional thyristor of high pressure sine ac power supply load can be connected with the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply, thus the negative electrode of the thyristor of formation high pressure sine ac power supply, low-voltage dc power supply, low pressure sine ac power supply and control high pressure simple alternating current load circuit altogether.
In this circuit structure, between the zero line of the paramount pressure sine ac power supply of ac input end of all full bridge rectifiers that are connected to decompression capacitor, produce the not low pressure sine ac power supply containing DC component, this low-voltage alternating current power supply can connect the load of sinusoidal low-voltage alternating current power supply.
Under the condition allowing at cost and volume, the electric property of this circuit structure all and the capacity such as the connect capacitor that is C, can further be improved in the two ends of all diodes that also can be in bridge rectifier.
The zero line of high pressure sine ac power supply to the parallel branch of the capacitor between the negative polarity end of low-voltage dc power supply and rectifier diode flows through the electric current of high pressure sine ac power supply load when larger, the magnitude of voltage of the low-voltage direct output of bridge rectifier is raise, so low-voltage direct output is connected to voltage stabilizing didoe, to limit the magnitude of voltage of low-voltage direct.
Further illustrate the operation principle of circuit of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the topology diagram between each functional module in circuit of the present invention.Fig. 1 mesohigh AC power refers to that China's low voltage electric network voltage is 220 volts or 380 volts of AC power, and American-European countries is 120 volts.Low-voltage alternating current power supply is by producing after decompression capacitor.Low-voltage dc power supply produces after by decompression capacitor and rectification.Low-voltage alternating-current load comprises the phase control signal that line voltage is provided to control circuit, owes (electricity) and presses or cross the signal that (electricity) presses, or compensate the AC load of use for control circuit.The load current size that low-voltage alternating current power supply can bear depends on the capacitive reactance size of decompression capacitor.The load of low-voltage dc power supply is mainly control circuit in the monitoring state.In Fig. 2, the magnitude of voltage of low-voltage dc power supply is relevant with the ratio of the capacitive reactance (being the equivalence interchange capacitive reactance between the ac input end in bridge rectifier) of the capacitive reactance of decompression capacitor and dividing potential drop electric capacity.In the time that high-tension AC load is larger, the amplitude of the low-voltage ac voltage component on the capacitor in parallel with rectifier diode is constant, but the amplitude of DC voltage component can rise, in order to make the voltage of input of voltage stabilizing circuit be unlikely to exceed the upper limit of voltage stabilizing circuit input voltage, need to add voltage stabilizing didoe.T in figure is controlled thyristor.High-voltage alternating load can be the relay/contactor coil of an actuator, can be also light-emitting apparatus etc., and high-tension AC load can be very not heavy in a word.
Single-phase high voltage AC power obtains low-voltage alternating current power supply after decompression capacitor 1 step-down, and single-phase high voltage AC power is through decompression capacitor 1 step-down and after rectification, obtain low-voltage dc power supply, and voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with low-voltage dc power supply.The phase line L of high-voltage ac power connects the first end of decompression capacitor 1, and the low-voltage alternating current power supply producing on the branch road of rectifier diode and Parallel-connected Capacitor is directly connected with low-voltage dc power supply altogether.The parallel branch of high-voltage ac power by rectifier diode and capacitor and low-voltage dc power supply are altogether.The zero line N of high-voltage ac power is connected with one end of a branch road being formed in parallel with capacitor 3 by diode 2, the negative pole that the other end of this branch road is low-voltage dc power supply.Between the positive pole of low-voltage dc power supply and negative pole, be parallel with the voltage-stabiliser tube 4 that deboost raises.Between the second end of decompression capacitor 1 and the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply, cross-over connection has a branch road being formed in parallel by diode 6 and capacitor 5, the second end of decompression capacitor 1 is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, the signal output part of control circuit connects the gate pole of bidirectional thyristor, the power input of the output connection control circuit of voltage stabilizing circuit.High-voltage ac power is single-phase simple alternating current civil power.Low-voltage alternating-current and low-voltage direct are altogether.In Fig. 2,7 is rectifier diode, and 8 is filtering capacitor.The low pressure sine ac power supply that contains DC component that the branch road that diode 6 and capacitor 5 are formed in parallel produces is as the phase control signal of control circuit.In the time of the load of bidirectional thyristor T conducting high-voltage alternating, a branch road being formed in parallel by diode 2 and capacitor 3 provides the alternating current path of the positive and negative half-wave current of high-voltage alternating load, plays high-voltage alternating and low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-tension supply load effect altogether thereof.For three-phase alternating current high pressure, its operation principle is also identical.
Circuit of the present invention adopts bridge rectifier, can be one single-phase formed by four rectifier diodes full-bridge, or the full-bridge that formed by eight rectifier diodes of three-phase four-wire system.The anodic bonding of rectifier diode point in circuit (the negative polarity node of DC power supply) is between the ac input end point (anode of diode and cathode connection) of rectifier bridge, all and connect that capacity equates, its capacity C is greater than decompression capacitor capacity C 1 several times to hundred times above capacitor; The cathode connection of rectifier diode in circuit (the positive polarity node of DC power supply) is between the ac input end point (anode of diode and cathode connection) of rectifier bridge, can shunt-wound capacitance device, and also shunt-wound capacitance device not.When the cathode connection of rectifier diode in circuit is between the ac input end point of rectifier bridge when shunt-wound capacitance device, play the equivalence changing between bridge rectifier ac input end and exchange the effect of capacitive reactance, do not change the key property of circuit of the present invention.
The points of common connection of all decompression capacitors and bridge rectifier ac input end is between the negative polarity end of low-voltage dc power supply, voltage that produce and the negative polarity end of DC low-voltage DC power supply low-voltage AC potential source altogether, under single-phase high voltage Power Supplies Condition with the voltage same-phase of single-phase high voltage power supply; Under the condition of the three-phase high-voltage power supply of three-phase four-wire system, with the phase voltage same-phase in three-phase.
The capacity of setting decompression capacitor is C1, the condenser capacity in parallel with rectifier diode is C, in the time that the electric current of high-voltage alternating load, low-voltage direct load and low-voltage alternating-current load is all zero, the negative polarity end of DC power supply is between the ac input end of bridge rectifier, and the theoretical ratio of the low-voltage alternating current power supply voltage effective value Uc at the branch road two ends of any one diode and Parallel-connected Capacitor and high pressure sinusoidal voltage effective value U is: U/Uc=C/ (2C1+1).
In the time that the electric current of high-voltage alternating load, low-voltage direct load and low-voltage alternating-current load is all zero, in bridge rectifier, all diodes two ends are all and when the capacity such as the be connected to capacitor that is C, and the negative polarity end of DC power supply to the low-voltage alternating current power supply voltage effective value Uc at the branch road two ends of any one diode between the ac input end of bridge rectifier and Parallel-connected Capacitor and the theoretical ratio of high pressure sinusoidal voltage effective value U is: U/Uc=C/ (C1+1).
In the time that the electric current of high-voltage alternating load, low-voltage direct load and low-voltage alternating-current load is all zero, the negative polarity end of DC power supply contains two components to the low-voltage ac voltage at the branch road two ends of any one diode between the ac input end of bridge rectifier and Parallel-connected Capacitor, and wherein the theoretical D. C. value of DC voltage component is (√ 2/2) × Uc.Another is alternating current component, and the theoretical amplitude of its sine wave AC is also (√ 2/2) × Uc.
The electric current of high-voltage alternating load flows through after one of them diode and Parallel-connected Capacitor branch road by low-voltage dc power supply negative polarity end, the direct voltage of the DC voltage component on this branch road and bridge rectifier output can raise, even if the high pressure sinusoidal voltage value of input remains unchanged, the low-voltage dc voltage value of output also can raise.The alternating voltage component that has common node in the parallel branch of other the diode that does not flow through high-voltage alternating load current and capacitor remains unchanged.
With the capacitor of diodes in parallel can be non-polar capacitor, can be also to have electrolytic capacitor polarity, that can bear half-sinusoid electric current.The volume of capacitor of considering nonpolarity high power capacity low-voltage is larger, should adopt loss tangent value little, can bear for a long time the electrolytic capacitor of the half-sinusoid electric current of 50 or 60 hertz.
Because capacitor has the characteristic of constant-current source as voltage drop element, so in the time having low-voltage alternating-current load current, its load impedance exchanges capacitive reactance and is relation in parallel with being connected in parallel on equivalence on diode, the voltage at rectifier bridge ac input end two ends will reduce.The load capacity of low-voltage alternating current power supply is relevant with the equivalence interchange capacitor value of rectifier bridge ac input end point-to-point transmission.
The low-voltage alternating current power supply producing on low-voltage dc power supply and the branch road by rectifier diode and Parallel-connected Capacitor is common ground, but high-voltage ac power and low-voltage dc power supply are by the parallel branch of diode and capacitor " altogether ", the positive and negative half-wave current of high-voltage alternating load current all will pass through this branch road, so high-voltage alternating load capacity also has certain restriction.
Fig. 3 is another form of expression of Fig. 2, and the difference of the two is only: in Fig. 2, the first end of decompression capacitor is connected on the live wire L of high-voltage ac power, and in Fig. 3, the first end of decompression capacitor is connected on the zero line N of high-voltage ac power.
Fig. 4 is the improvement circuit of Fig. 2, and the difference of Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 is: all rectifier diodes are respectively parallel with a capacitor, is 3,5,9,10 in figure.In Fig. 4, preferably equate with the capacity of the capacitor 3,5,9,10 of four diodes in parallels respectively.The capacity that is connected on two capacitors 9 and 10 of low-voltage dc power supply positive terminal can affect DC voltage component on two capacitors 3 and 5 that are connected on DC power cathode end and the amplitude of alternating voltage component.In the time that these four condenser capacities equate to be C, the proportionate relationship of low-voltage alternating current power supply voltage effective value Uc and high-voltage ac power voltage effective value U is: U/Uc=(C/C1+1).
The beneficial effect of circuit of the present invention is to meet following requirement simultaneously: power consumption is little, volume is little, cost is low; Can obtain expeditiously low-voltage dc power supply and low-voltage alternating current power supply; Low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, high-voltage ac power three can be altogether, or the control device three of low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply, high-voltage alternating load can be altogether.This circuit can be used as household electrical appliance, office electrical equipment, industrial enterprise with low-voltage electrical apparatus etc. is all need to be in the electrical equipment of standby mode work required low-voltage DC potential source and do the low-voltage ac signal source of controlling use under holding state.
The anti-line voltage interference performance intrinsic because of circuit of the present invention is also very strong, can be used for metering, demonstration, the field bus communication system of some electric power systems or other physical systems, the occasions such as wireless communication system.
Many control apparatuses in Industry Control, relaying protection, household electrical appliance and office equipment are in holding state conventionally.Under holding state, the power consumption of control circuit can be accomplished very little, is conventionally not more than 100 milliwatts, but in order to obtain the needed low-voltage dc power supply of control circuit, but will consume the active power of several watts to tens watts.In order to obtain the simple alternating current low voltage signal of line voltage, also need to consume very large active power.Although energy consumption is very little in every FU time, they are throughout the year at network operation, and the enormous amount of this class low-voltage electrical, and total energy consumption is just very surprising.Circuit of the present invention has very high practical value aspect energy-saving and cost-reducing.
For response International Energy Agency (IEA) was in the energy-conservation proposal " 1 watt of plan " to whole world initiation in 2000, on December 17th, 2008, EU Committee has put into effect Eco-Design regulation, to reduce the standby of all household electrical appliance and office equipment or the power consumption of " shut " mode", and in formal enforcement on January 7th, 2009.Laws and regulations requirement: before 2013, the standby of all electric equipment products or the energy consumption of " shut " mode" must be less than 1 watt (for the product without indicating device), or be less than 2 watts (for the products that have indicating device).From 2013, the standby of all electric equipment products or the energy consumption of " shut " mode" must be less than 0.5 watt (for the product without indicating device), or be less than 1 watt (for the product that has indicating device), and before the year two thousand twenty, the power consumption of standby or " shut " mode" reduces 75% again.This is the requirement of whole mankind's sustainable development, is energy-saving and emission-reduction, and the needs of environmental protection are the Trade technique barriers that EU Committee arranges.Reduce household electrical appliance and the standby of office appliances or the power consumption of " shut " mode", the power consumption that comprises the standby mode that reduces industrial enterprise low voltage electrical equipment is the problem that keeps the necessary solution of competitiveness institute of China's low-pressure electronic equipment product, also be energy-saving and emission-reduction, the needs of sustainable development.
Along with the development of very large scale integration technology, the power consumption of functional integrated circuit (IC) chip is more and more less, and the power consumption of generation low-voltage dc power supply and low-voltage alternating current power supply never can lower.To obtain aspect low-voltage dc power supplies and low-voltage alternating current power supply Technological Economy meaning very obvious exchanging by 220 volts/380 volts expeditiously in the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the topology diagram between each functional module in circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of electrical schematic diagram of high-voltage ac power while being single-phase.
Fig. 3 is high-voltage ac power another electrical schematic diagram while being single-phase.
Fig. 4 is high-voltage ac power while being single-phase, electrical schematic diagram when each rectifier diode is parallel with capacitor.
Fig. 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the electrical schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is the electrical schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: see Fig. 5.High-voltage ac power load (being to be subject to phased load in Fig. 5) is an illuminating lamp that brightness is adjustable, or by the ohmic load of phased adjusting active power.The gate signal of control circuit output is phased trigger impulse, thereby control the on-delay angle of thyristor, the active power of high-tension AC power load is changed, reach the object of controlling lighting brightness, or reach the object of controlling resistance bearing power.
Embodiment 2: see Fig. 6.High-voltage ac power load (being subject to phased load) is a relay or contactor coil, the gate signal of control circuit output is the signal that certain that receive according to control circuit requires the energising of relay/contactor coil or power-off, be to cause a kind of state of low-voltage electrical apparatus (as holding state, power supply state) proceed to another state (as operating state, off-position).The gate pole trigger impulse of phase controlled thyristors, or be high level (coil electricity), or be low level (coil blackout), thus the energising of control relay coil and power-off.In the relaying protection of electric power system or in the low-voltage electrical apparatus of family expenses, office use, this relay coil can be tripping coil, makes power failure, or energising pull-in winding, power supply started; Also can be the relay that produces protection action.For example residual current protecting relay, now, the low-voltage alternating-current load in Fig. 6 is resistance, the capacitive compensation circuit of residual current transformer.The diode being connected altogether with DC power cathode end and Parallel-connected Capacitor branch road output to the amplitude variable quantity that includes high-voltage ac power in the signal of control circuit.In the time that the voltage of high voltage source raises or reduces, the voltage amplitude in this parallel branch can change, thereby realizes the defencive function of under-voltage (voltage is too low) or overvoltage (voltage is too high).For example the present invention can be used as under the holding state of television set again, accepts the required power supply of circuit of remote control command, can ensure that the stand-by power consumption of television set is less than 0.1 watt.Now, the high-voltage alternating load in Fig. 6 is the coil of a small-sized relay, and control circuit receives the instruction that is transformed into operating state by holding state, and a high level of control circuit output, powers on relay, to cause television set to be transferred to mode of operation.
Embodiment 3: see Fig. 7.Every phase line of three-phase four-wire system high-voltage ac power connects the first end of corresponding decompression capacitor, and three-phase low-voltage AC power is directly connected with high-voltage ac power altogether.The zero line N (n) of high-voltage ac power is connected with the input of a branch road being formed in parallel with capacitor 12 by rectifier diode 11, the negative pole that the anode of this rectifier diode is low-voltage dc power supply.Between the second end of each decompression capacitor and the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply, cross-over connection has a branch road being formed by rectifier diode and Parallel-connected Capacitor respectively.The second end of each decompression capacitor is connected with the corresponding signal input of control circuit, and the signal output part of control circuit connects the gate pole of thyristor 13, the power input of the output connection control circuit of voltage stabilizing circuit.Three phase line A, B, C are connected respectively to three tie point a of three parallel branches by diode and capacitor through decompression capacitor, b, and c, zero line N directly receives the 4th rectifier diode and the tie point n with the parallel branch of capacitor 12 by diode 11.Node a, b, the voltage between c and low-voltage dc power supply negative pole end is exactly low-voltage ac voltage signal, and the phase voltage of they and three-phase high-voltage AC supply voltage is homophase and three-phase symmetrical respectively.The value of the voltage signal voltage between node n and low-voltage dc power supply negative pole reflects the symmetry of three-phase alternating-current supply.In the time that three-phase voltage is symmetrical, in theory, the voltage between node n and low-voltage dc power supply negative pole is zero; In the time that three-phase voltage is asymmetric, in the voltage between node n and low-voltage dc power supply negative pole, the direct current signal and the AC signal that have amplitude to be greater than zero.Node a, b, the low-voltage ac voltage signal between c and low-voltage dc power supply negative pole is also asymmetric.In the time there is phase shortage (one or two phase line power-off in three phase lines), node a, b, it is that c can reflect the voltage signal of low-voltage direct negative pole for which phase power-off.Therefore the present embodiment can or claim earth leakage circuit breaker, open-phase protection relay, phase failure relay, low-voltage alternating current power supply and the low-voltage dc power supply of three-phase asymmetrical protection relay etc. as Aftercurrent protection circuit breaker.The coil of relay or contactor, can be powered by the phase line of three-phase alternating-current supply, has phase voltage, or powered by low-voltage dc power supply on coil.
Above embodiment is only used to that the invention will be further described, and scope of the present invention is not subject to the limitation of illustrated embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. a high-voltage alternating and low-voltage alternating-current and low-voltage direct three power supplys circuit altogether, contain the low-voltage alternating current power supply being obtained by high-voltage ac power after decompression capacitor step-down, the low-voltage dc power supply being obtained after decompression capacitor step-down and bridge rectifier by high-voltage ac power, the voltage stabilizing circuit being connected with low-voltage dc power supply, the control device of high-voltage alternating load and the control circuit of this control device, it is characterized in that: high-voltage ac power is single-phase sine, the phase line of high-voltage ac power or zero line are received the first end of decompression capacitor (C1), second end of this decompression capacitor (C1) is received an ac input end in rectifier bridge, another ac input end connects zero line or the phase line of high-voltage ac power, rectifier diode two ends between two ac input ends in the negative pole of low-voltage DC potential source and rectifier bridge are each and be connected to a capacitor (C), the second end of decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, or that end that high-voltage ac power is not connected with decompression capacitor is connected with the signal input part of control circuit, the signal output part of control circuit connects the signal input part of control device, the power input of the output connection control circuit of voltage stabilizing circuit, between the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage DC potential source, be parallel with voltage stabilizing didoe, the second end that low-voltage alternating-current load is connected on decompression capacitor and high-voltage ac power are not and between one end of being connected of decompression capacitor.
2. high-voltage alternating as claimed in claim 1 and low-voltage alternating-current and low-voltage direct three power supplys circuit altogether, it is characterized in that: in bridge rectifier, exchange the two ends of input respectively to containing simple alternating current component and DC component in the voltage waveform of the electric capacity between the negative pole end of low-voltage dc power supply (C), sinusoidal voltage component on these two electric capacity (C) is added, form decompression capacitor (C1) and the low pressure sine ac power supply obtaining after two containers of connecting (C) dividing potential drop, the waveform of this low pressure sine ac power supply is identical with the waveform of high pressure sine ac power supply, and can be with low-voltage alternating-current load.
3. high-voltage alternating as claimed in claim 1 and low-voltage alternating-current and low-voltage direct three power supplys circuit altogether, it is characterized in that: the load of high-voltage ac power can be connected between high voltage source phase line or zero line and the negative pole of low-voltage dc power supply, and by providing alternating current path with the jumbo capacitor (C) of diodes in parallel, thereby reach three power supplys electrical characteristic altogether.
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| CN201210196677.8A CN102694477B (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | High-voltage alternating current power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage direct current power supply common-base circuit |
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| CN201210196677.8A CN102694477B (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | High-voltage alternating current power supply, low-voltage alternating current power supply and low-voltage direct current power supply common-base circuit |
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| CN102694477B true CN102694477B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
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| DE102015200902A1 (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2016-07-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit arrangement for high-voltage tests and high-voltage test system |
| CN106899200A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-27 | 上海昱章电气成套设备有限公司 | The supply unit of rod control system |
| CN109039072B (en) | 2018-08-21 | 2020-09-08 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Bipolar bidirectional direct-current converter and control method and control device thereof |
| CN109872549A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-11 | 深圳市赛诺杰科技有限公司 | A kind of power supply circuit that can continuously power and the traffic-control unit based on it |
| CN112910274A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-06-04 | 杭州先途电子有限公司 | Controller |
| CN112953469A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 华中科技大学 | Hydrogen thyratron high-pressure suspension trigger and control system thereof |
| CN113595466A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-02 | 浙江台运汽车科技有限公司 | Electric isolation circuit of motor controller |
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