CN104065285A - Grid-connected inverter system - Google Patents
Grid-connected inverter system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104065285A CN104065285A CN201410126156.4A CN201410126156A CN104065285A CN 104065285 A CN104065285 A CN 104065285A CN 201410126156 A CN201410126156 A CN 201410126156A CN 104065285 A CN104065285 A CN 104065285A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a grid-connected inverter system. The grid-connected inverter system comprises a DC power supply, an inverter, an isolating transformer and a voltage control circuit; the DC power supply produces the first DC voltage; the inverter equipped with three AC voltage output ends is used to receive the first DV voltage and convert the same into the first AC voltage as well as output the first AC voltage through the AC voltage output ends; the isolating transformer is used to isolate the output voltage of the inverter to float opposite to earth; the voltage control circuit, comprising a grounding end, and a coupling end for grounding, is used to generate the second DV voltage and load the second DV voltage to at least one AC voltage output end of the inverter through the coupling end; the voltage control circuit is used to adjust the second DV voltage in order to adjust the voltage to earth of a positive electrode or a negative electrode of the DC power supply; the current output by the voltage control circuit is not greater than a preset current threshold. With the adoption of the grid-connected inverter system, the PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) phenomenon of a DC power supply can be avoided, and the leakage protection effect is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to voltage transitions field, relate in particular to a kind of the have electromotive force of preventing induction decay and earth leakage protective grid-connected inverting system.
Background technology
Electromotive force induction decay (Potential Induced Degradation, PID) refers to over the ground that high pressure is applied on cell panel and the phenomenon that its performance is reduced.This high pressure can be also negative voltage for positive voltage, is specially the characteristic that positive voltage or negative voltage depend on cell panel.Such as, for the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, if cell panel exists negative voltage over the ground, can cause the performance of the photovoltaic battery panel of this P type to reduce.For the photovoltaic battery panel of N-type, if cell panel exists positive voltage over the ground, can cause the performance of the photovoltaic battery panel of this N-type to reduce.The photovoltaic battery panel of P type of take is example, in order to prevent PID phenomenon, conventionally by the minus earth of the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, keeps cell panel positive voltage over the ground, thereby solves PID phenomenon.Refer to Fig. 1, it is the electrical block diagram of the photovoltaic battery panel of P type in the prior art application in a grid-connected inverting system.In Fig. 1, by DC power supply 110, represent the photovoltaic battery panel of described P type.In this grid-connected inverting system 100, DC power supply 110 comprises anodal PV+ and negative pole PV-, and DC power supply 110 produces direct voltage and exports via anodal PV+ and negative pole PV-.Described inverter 120 receives described direct voltage, and described direct voltage is converted to alternating voltage, and by described alternating voltage output.The magnitude of voltage of supposing these DC power supply 110 output voltages is U, when the negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 110 does not have ground connection, symmetry due to parameters in described grid-connected inverting system, the voltage of output will be carried in respectively anodal PV+ above and negative pole PV-, be that voltage on anodal PV+ is U/2, and voltage on negative pole PV-is-U/2.And in Fig. 1, negative pole PV-ground connection, the voltage of the negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 110 is zero, thereby makes described DC power supply 110 there is no over the ground negative voltage.Yet, in such cases, if described PV+ exports the circuit of described inverter 120 to while there is leak current fault, if there is people accidentally to touch electric leakage place, may there is shock hazard.Make a concrete analysis of as follows, when people touches the anodal PV+ of DC power supply 110, the anodal PV+ of DC power supply 110, people, the negative pole PV-of ground and DC power supply 110 forms a loop.And the resistance of human body is generally very little, in the situation that the magnitude of voltage U of the output voltage of DC power supply 110 is very high, very large by the electric current of human body, surpass the maximum safe current value that people's physical efficiency is born, thus the shock hazard of causing.
Summary of the invention
A kind of grid-connected inverting system is provided, and it can effectively prevent the electromotive force induction decay of DC power supply in it and have leakage protection.
On the one hand, a kind of combining inverter is provided, it comprises DC power supply and inverter, described DC power supply produces the first direct voltage and positive pole and negative pole by described DC power supply export described inverter to, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises isolating transformer and voltage control circuit, described inverter comprises three ac voltage outputs, described inverter receives described the first direct voltage, described the first direct voltage is converted to the first alternating voltage, and described the first alternating voltage is exported via described three ac voltage outputs, described isolating transformer connects the ac voltage output of described inverter, for first alternating voltage of isolating the output of the described inverter floating ground of voltage relatively, described voltage control circuit comprises coupled end and for the earth terminal of ground connection, described voltage control circuit produces the second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in at least one ac voltage output of described inverter by described coupled end, described voltage control circuit is by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusting the size of the voltage to earth of described DC power anode or negative pole, and the current value of described voltage control circuit output is less than or equal to a default threshold current value, described default threshold current value is safe current critical value, or the critical leakage currents value allowing for described grid-connected inverting system.
In the possible implementation of the first, when described DC power supply is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, the voltage of the negative pole that described voltage control circuit is adjusted the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusted described DC power supply output is over the ground more than or equal to zero, when photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply is N-type, the voltage of the positive pole that described voltage control circuit is adjusted the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusted described DC power supply output is over the ground less than or equal to zero.
In the possible implementation of the second, the earth terminal ground connection of described voltage control circuit, the coupled end of described voltage control circuit is electrically connected at least one described ac voltage output.
In the third possible implementation, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises that sample circuit and control signal produce circuit, described sample circuit is electrically connected to positive pole and the negative pole of described DC power supply, and to the positive pole of described DC power supply over the ground with negative pole over the ground the magnitude of voltage of output voltage sample, described control signal produces circuit and is connected electrically between the output and voltage control circuit of described sample circuit, described control signal produces circuit and receives the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to sampling produces corresponding control signal and exports described control signal to described voltage control circuit, described control signal is for adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation, in the 4th kind of possible implementation, described isolating transformer also receives described the first alternating voltage, and described the first alternating voltage is converted to the second alternating voltage, the circuit that the circuit that described isolating transformer also connects described isolating transformer output and described isolating transformer input connect carries out electricity isolation.
In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible implementation; in the 5th kind of possible implementation; described grid-connected inverting system also comprises protective circuit; when there is output current in described voltage control circuit; described protective circuit is cut off the ac voltage output of described inverter and the path between described voltage control circuit; wherein, the electric current of described restriction threshold value is safe current critical value.
In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible implementation; in the 6th kind of possible implementation; described grid-connected inverting system also comprises protective circuit; whether the leakage current that described protective circuit detects described inverter is more than or equal to described default threshold current value; when the leakage current of described inverter is more than or equal to described default threshold current value; described protective circuit triggers described inverter shutdown protection; wherein, described default threshold current value is the critical leakage currents value that described grid-connected inverting system allows.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the second, in the 7th kind of possible implementation, described voltage control circuit comprises adjustable DC power supply and coupling circuit, described adjustable DC power supply comprises positive pole and negative pole, described the second direct voltage that described adjustable DC power generation magnitude of voltage is adjustable is also exported via the positive pole in described adjustable DC source, the negative electricity of described adjustable DC power supply connects described earth terminal, described coupling circuit is connected electrically between the positive pole and coupled end of described adjustable DC power supply, with at least one ac voltage output to described inverter by described the second direct voltage output.
In conjunction with the 7th kind of possible implementation, in the 8th kind of possible implementation, when described coupled end is three, described coupling circuit comprises three resistance or three inductance, each resistance or each inductance one end are electrically connected to a coupled end, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive pole of described adjustable DC power supply.
In conjunction with the 7th kind of possible implementation, in the 9th kind of possible implementation, when described coupled end is three, when described coupling circuit comprises four resistance, wherein one end of each resistance of three resistance is electrically connected to a coupled end, and the other end is connected to the positive pole in described adjustable DC source by a resistance outside described three resistance.
In conjunction with the 7th kind of possible implementation, in the tenth kind of possible implementation, when described coupled end is three, described coupling circuit comprises three resistance and three electric capacity, each resistance is all electrically connected to a coupled end with structure one end that a Capacitance parallel connection forms, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive pole in described adjustable DC source.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the second, in the 11 kind of possible implementation, when described coupled end is one, described coupling circuit is any one in the structure of resistance, inductance, resistance and the inductance structure, resistance and the capacitances in series that are composed in series.
In the 12 kind of possible implementation, described default threshold current value is 30mA; Or when the power output of described grid-connected inverting system is less than or equal to 30KVA, described default threshold current value is 300mA, when the power output of described grid-connected inverting system is greater than 30KVA, the value of described predetermined current is the product of the power output of 10mA/KVA and described grid-connected inverting system.
On the other hand, a kind of grid-connected inverting system is provided, for direct voltage is converted to alternating voltage, described grid-connected inverting system comprises at least two DC power supply and inverter, an isolating transformer and a voltage control circuit, described DC power supply is for generation of the first direct voltage positive pole and the negative pole output via corresponding DC power supply by described the first direct voltage, each inverter includes ac voltage output, each inverter is all electrically connected to at least one DC power supply, so that the first direct voltage is converted to the first alternating voltage, and the ac voltage output output via corresponding inverter by described the first alternating voltage, the ac voltage output of each inverter all with the corresponding electrical connection of ac voltage output of other inverters, described isolating transformer connects the ac voltage output of inverter, for isolating the floating ground of voltage relatively of the first alternating voltage of the output of described inverter, described voltage control circuit comprises coupled end and for the earth terminal of ground connection, described voltage control circuit is for generation of the second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in at least one ac voltage output of inverter by described coupled end, described control circuit is by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusting the size of the output voltage to earth of described DC power anode or negative pole, and the current value of described voltage control circuit output is less than or equal to a default threshold current value, described default threshold current value is safe current critical value, or the critical leakage currents value allowing for described grid-connected inverting system.
In the possible implementation of the first, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises that sample circuit and control signal produce circuit, described sample circuit is electrically connected to positive pole and the negative pole of each DC power supply, for to the positive pole of described DC power supply over the ground with negative pole over the ground the magnitude of voltage of output voltage sample, described control signal produces circuit and is connected electrically between the output and described voltage control circuit of described sample circuit, described control signal produces circuit and receives the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to sampling produces corresponding control signal, described control signal is for adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first, in the possible implementation of the second, when described DC power supply is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, described control signal produces circuit according to the minimum value of the negative pole voltage to earth of all DC power supply, adjust the size of described the second direct voltage, so that voltage to earth minimum value is more than or equal to zero in the negative pole of all DC power supply.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first, in the third possible implementation, when photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply is N-type, described control signal produces circuit according to the maximum of the anodal voltage to earth of all DC power supply, adjust the size of described the second direct voltage, so that voltage to earth maximum is less than or equal to zero in the positive pole of all DC power supply.
Grid-connected inverting system provided by the invention, is carried in the ac voltage output of described inverter by voltage control circuit by the second adjustable direct voltage of a voltage to earth, and then adjusts the size of the negative or positive electrode voltage to earth of described DC power supply.When described DC power supply is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, described voltage control circuit is more than or equal to zero by the voltage of the negative pole adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjust described DC power supply output over the ground, when photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply is N-type, described voltage control circuit is less than or equal to zero by the voltage of the positive pole adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjust described DC power supply output over the ground.Thereby reached the technique effect of the PID phenomenon of avoiding DC power supply.Further; the current value of exporting due to described voltage control circuit is less than or equal to a default threshold current value; when described grid-connected inverting system generation leak current fault; the electric current of human body of flowing through is also less than or equal to described default threshold current value; thereby the current value of the human body that guaranteed to flow through is less than the maximum safe current value that people's physical efficiency is born, thereby has reached earth leakage protective technique effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the photovoltaic battery panel of P type in the prior art application in a grid-connected inverting system;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the first better embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the second better embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 3rd better embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 4th better embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 5th better embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 6th better embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 7th better embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the 8th better embodiment;
Figure 10 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the 9th kind of better embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the electrical block diagram of the grid-connected inverting system of the present invention's the tenth better embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 2, the structural representation of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the first better embodiment.Described grid-connected inverting system 300 comprises DC power supply 310, inverter 320, isolating transformer 330, the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2 and voltage control circuit 340.Described grid-connected inverting system 300 is for being converted to alternating voltage by direct voltage.Described DC power supply 310 is for generation of the first direct voltage, and described DC power supply 310 comprises anodal PV+ and negative pole PV-, and described DC power supply 310 is exported described the first direct voltage via described anodal PV+ and described negative pole PV-.
Described inverter 320 comprises two direct voltage receiving terminals 321,322 and three ac voltage outputs 323,324,325.Described inverter 320, for receiving described the first direct voltage, is converted to the first alternating voltage by described the first direct voltage, and by described the first alternating voltage output.Particularly, two direct voltage receiving terminals 321 of described inverter 320,322 are electrically connected with anodal PV+ and the negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 310 respectively, be used for receiving described the first direct voltage, described inverter 320 is converted to the first alternating voltage afterwards via described ac voltage output 323 by described the first direct voltage, 324,325 outputs.
Described isolating transformer 330 connects the ac voltage output of described inverter 320, for the output voltage of the isolating described inverter 320 floating ground of voltage relatively.Described the first capacitor C 1 is connected between the anodal PV+ and negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 310 after connecting with described the second capacitor C 2.Although in present embodiment, the outside that is arranged on described inverter 320 with described the first capacitor C 1 and described the second capacitor C 2 is entered to describe, understandably, in other embodiments, described the first capacitor C 1 and described the second capacitor C 2 also can be integrated in described inverter 320 inside.Can further understand ground, although be described in these two capacitances in series, in actual applications, two capacitance structures of described series connection also can replace with an electric capacity.
Described voltage control circuit 340 comprises earth terminal g and coupled end.Described earth terminal g ground connection, described coupled end is electrically connected to an ac voltage output, and the number of described coupled end is one or two or three.Described voltage control circuit 340 is for generation of the second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in at least one ac voltage output of described inverter 320 by described coupled end.Described voltage control circuit 340 is by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusting the size of the voltage to earth of the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 and/or the output of PV-, and the current value of described voltage control circuit 340 outputs is less than or equal to a default threshold current value.Understandably, the maximum safe current value that described default threshold current value can enough be born for people's physical efficiency, or the maximum leakage current value allowing for this grid-connected inverting system 300.
For convenience of describing, three ac voltage outputs of described inverter 320 are called after the first ac voltage output 323, the second ac voltage output 324 and the 3rd ac voltage output 325 respectively.In the present embodiment, described voltage control circuit 340 comprises three coupled end, respectively called after the first coupled end b, the second coupled end e and the 3rd coupled end f.Described the first coupled end b is electrically connected to described the first ac voltage output 323, and described the second coupled end e is electrically connected to described the second ac voltage output 324, and described the 3rd coupled end f is electrically connected to described the 3rd ac voltage output 325.In other embodiments, the number of described coupled end can be also one or two, and now, described coupled end is coupled to an ac voltage output or any two ac voltage outputs of three ac voltage outputs.
Described voltage control circuit 340 comprises coupling circuit 341 and adjustable DC source 342.Described adjustable DC power supply 342 comprises positive pole 3421, negative pole 3422 and control signal receiving terminal 3423.Described adjustable DC source 342 is for generation of the second adjustable direct voltage of a magnitude of voltage, and by described the second direct voltage via described anodal 3421 and 3422 outputs of described negative pole.Described control signal receiving terminal 3423 is for receiving a control signal, and the size of the second direct voltage of output is adjusted in described adjustable DC source 342 under the control of described control signal.
Be specially, the positive pole 3421 of described adjustable DC power supply 342 is electrically connected to described coupling circuit 341, for exporting described the second direct voltage to described coupling circuit 341.The negative pole 3422 of described adjustable DC power supply 342 is electrically connected to described earth terminal g.In the present embodiment, the current value of the output of described adjustable DC power supply 342 is less than or equal to a default threshold current value.Such as, the maximum safe current that described default threshold current value is enough born for people's physical efficiency.In actual applications, when described grid-connected inverting system 300 is applied to commercial environment, described default threshold current value can be made as 30mA; When described combining inverter 300 is applied to industrial environment, when the power output of described grid-connected inverting system 300 is less than or equal to 30KVA, described default threshold current value is 300mA; When the power output of described grid-connected inverting system 300 is greater than 30KVA, described default threshold current value is the product of the power output of 10mA/KVA and described grid-connected inverting system.Described coupling circuit 341 is for being coupled to described the second direct voltage the ac voltage output of described inverter 320.
In the present embodiment, described coupling circuit 341 comprises three resistance, and correspondingly, described coupled end is three.For convenience of describing, described three resistance are called after the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 respectively.One end of each resistance is connected to respectively a coupled end, and the other end is connected to the positive pole 3421 in described adjustable DC source 342.Particularly, described the first resistance R 1 is electrically connected to described the first coupled end b, and the other end is connected to the positive pole 3421 in described adjustable DC source 342; Described the second resistance R 2 is electrically connected to described the second coupled end e, and the other end is connected to the positive pole 3421 in described adjustable DC source 342; Described the 3rd resistance R 3 is electrically connected to described the 3rd coupled end f, and the other end is connected to the positive pole 3421 in described adjustable DC source 342.
Described voltage control circuit 340 is described below by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then the big or small detailed process of adjusting the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 and the output voltage over the ground of negative pole PV-.
Because the adjustable DC source 342 in voltage control circuit 340 produces the second adjustable direct voltage of voltage swing, described the second direct voltage that described coupling circuit 341 produces described adjustable DC source 342 is loaded into the ac voltage output of inverter 320, thereby makes the ac voltage output voltage to earth of described inverter 320 load a direct voltage that magnitude of voltage is adjustable.Due in inverter, under voltage transformation and control strategy for given power, the potential difference of the potential difference of the input voltage of inverter and the output voltage of inverter is fixed.When adopt as described in Figure 2 circuit structure time, the current potential of the mid point of the first direct voltage that described inverter 320 receives, the current potential of the mid point D of the alternating voltage of the current potential of described the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 mid point O and 320 outputs of described inverter is equipotential.Therefore, the current potential of the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 is U/2+U
d; And the current potential of the negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 310 Wei – U/2+U
d.Wherein, U is the magnitude of voltage of the first direct voltage, described U
dthe voltage of ordering for D, the i.e. magnitude of voltage of the second direct voltage.As can be seen here, by controlling the size of the second direct voltage of adjustable DC source 342 outputs, can control the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 and the magnitude of voltage of negative pole PV-.Such as, when described DC power supply 310 is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, the voltage to earth that can adjust by controlling the size of the second direct voltage of adjustable DC source 342 outputs the negative pole PV-of DC power supply 310 is more than or equal to zero, thereby eliminates PID phenomenon.When photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply 310 is N-type, the voltage to earth that can adjust by controlling the size of the second direct voltage of adjustable DC power supply 324 outputs the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 is less than or equal to zero.
Described grid-connected inverting system 300 also has leakage protection.When the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 exports the circuit generation leak current fault of described inverter 320 to, if while having people accidentally to touch electric leakage place, the concrete analysis of the leakage protection of described grid-connected inverting system 300 is as follows.
When human body touches electric leakage place accidentally, now, the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310, human body, ground, voltage control circuit 340 and inverter 320 forms loops, because the current value of voltage control circuit 340 outputs is less than or equal to a default threshold current value, and the described default threshold current value maximum safe current value of enough bearing for people's physical efficiency.Now, although there is electric current to pass through on human body, the current value passing through is less than or equal to described default threshold current value, is less than or equal to the maximum safe current value that human body can bear, and can not damage human body.Therefore, described grid-connected inverting system 300 can, when leak current fault appears in DC power supply 310, have leakage protection.
Refer to Fig. 3, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the second better embodiment.In the present embodiment, the structure of the inverter 300 shown in described grid-connected inverting system 400 and Fig. 2 is basic identical.Difference is, in Fig. 3, described coupling circuit 441 comprises four resistance, respectively called after the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the three resistance R 3 and the 4th resistance R 4.One end described the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 connects respectively corresponding coupled end, and the other end all connects the positive pole 4421 in described adjustable DC sources 442 by described the 4th resistance R 4.Particularly, one end of described the first resistance R 1 connects described the first coupled end b, and the other end connects the positive pole 4421 in described adjustable DC source 442 by the 4th resistance R 4; One end of described the second resistance R 2 connects described the second coupled end e, and the other end connects the positive pole 4421 in described adjustable DC source 442 by described the 4th resistance R 4; One end of described the 3rd resistance R 3 connects described the 3rd coupled end f, and the other end connects the positive pole 4421 in described adjustable DC source 442 by described the 4th resistance R 4.
Refer to Fig. 4, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 3rd better embodiment.Basic identical, different in Fig. 4 in grid-connected inverting system 500 and Fig. 2, each resistance in the coupling circuit 341 in Fig. 2 all substitutes with an inductance, has formed the coupling circuit 541 in the execution mode shown in Fig. 4.Particularly, described coupling circuit 541 comprises three inductance, respectively called after the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and the 3rd inductance L 3.One end of each inductance connects a coupled end, and other one end of each inductance connects the positive pole 5421 in described adjustable DC source 542.Particularly, one end of described the first inductance L 1 connects the first coupled end b, and the other end connects the positive pole 5421 in described adjustable DC source 542; One end of described the second inductance L 2 connects the second coupled end e, and the other end connects the positive pole 5421 in described adjustable DC source 542; One end of the 3rd inductance L 3 connects the 3rd coupled end f, and the other end connects the positive pole 5421 in described adjustable DC source 542.
Refer to Fig. 5, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 4th better embodiment.Basic identical, different in Fig. 5 in grid-connected inverting system 600 and Fig. 2, each resistance in the coupling circuit 341 in Fig. 2 all substitutes by the electric capacity structure in parallel with resistance, has formed the coupling circuit 641 in present embodiment.
Refer to Fig. 6, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 5th better embodiment.Although one of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that in previous embodiment, all with voltage control circuit, comprise that three coupled end are introduced, voltage control circuit also can comprise a coupled end.In the present embodiment, described voltage control circuit 740 comprises a coupled end b.One end of described coupling circuit 741 connects the first ac voltage output 723 of described inverter 720 by described coupled end b, the other end of described coupling circuit 741 connects the positive pole 7421 in described adjustable DC source 742.In other embodiments, one end of described coupling circuit 741 also can connect by described coupled end b the second ac voltage output 724 of described inverter 720, or one end of described coupling circuit 741 also can connect by described coupled end b the 3rd ac voltage output 725 of described inverter 720.In the present embodiment, described coupling circuit 741 is a resistance.
Refer to Fig. 7, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 6th better embodiment.In the present embodiment, described voltage control circuit 840 comprises a coupled end b.One end of described coupling circuit 841 connects the first ac voltage output 823 of described inversion 820 by described coupled end b, the other end of described coupling circuit 841 connects the positive pole 8421 in described adjustable DC source 842.In other embodiments, one end of described coupling circuit 841 also can connect by described coupled end b the second ac voltage output 824 of described inverter 820, or one end of described coupling circuit 841 also can connect by described coupled end b the 3rd ac voltage output 825 of described inverter 820.In the present embodiment, principle is identical with Fig. 6, and different is that described coupling circuit 841 is the structure that a resistance is connected with an inductance.
Refer to Fig. 8, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 7th better embodiment.In the present embodiment, principle is identical with Fig. 6, and different is that described coupling circuit 941 is an inductance.Particularly, in the present embodiment, described voltage control circuit 940 comprises a coupled end b, one end of described coupling circuit 941 connects the first ac voltage output 923 of described inverter 920 by described coupled end b, the other end of described coupling circuit 941 connects the positive pole 9421 in described adjustable DC source 942.In other embodiments, one end of described coupling circuit 941 also can connect by described coupled end b the second ac voltage output 924 of described inverter 920, or one end of described coupling circuit 941 also can connect by described coupled end b the 3rd ac voltage output 925 of described inverter 920.
Refer to Fig. 9, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the 8th better embodiment.In the present embodiment, principle is identical with Fig. 6, and different is that described coupling circuit 1041 is an electric capacity and a structure that resistance is in parallel.Particularly, in the present embodiment, described voltage control circuit 1040 comprises a coupled end b, one end of described coupling circuit 1041 connects the first ac voltage output 1023 of described inversion 1020 by described coupled end b, the other end of described coupling circuit 1041 connects the positive pole 10421 in described adjustable DC source 1042.In other embodiments, one end of described coupling circuit 1041 also can connect by described coupled end b the second ac voltage output 1024 of described inverter 1020, or one end of described coupling circuit 1041 also can connect by described coupled end b the 3rd ac voltage output 1025 of described inverter 1020.In other words, after described resistance and described Capacitance parallel connection, be connected between described coupled end b and the positive pole 10421 in described adjustable DC source 1042.
Although the those skilled in the art in described field should be appreciated that the various forms of having enumerated described coupling circuit in previous embodiment, yet the coupling circuit in the present invention can include but are not limited to the form of above-mentioned several coupling circuits.
Please again consult Fig. 2, in one embodiment, described grid-connected inverting system 300 also comprises that sample circuit 350 and control signal produce circuit 360.Described sample circuit 350 is electrically connected to anodal PV+, the negative pole PV-of described DC power supply 310, for the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 310 is sampled with the magnitude of voltage of negative pole PV-output voltage over the ground over the ground, and the magnitude of voltage that sampling is obtained output.One end of described control signal generation circuit 360 is electrically connected to the output of described sample circuit 350, for receiving the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to sampling sends corresponding control signal to described control signal receiving terminal 3423, to control the size of the second direct voltage of described adjustable DC source 342 outputs.
Described isolating transformer 330 is also for receiving described the first alternating voltage, and described the first alternating voltage is converted to the second alternating voltage, to meet circuit or the different requirement of electronic component to voltage being electrically connected to from the output of described isolating transformer 330, and prevent the impact of the circuit that circuit that described isolating transformer 330 outputs connect connects described isolating transformer 330 inputs.Understandably, when described isolating transformer 330 is step-up transformer, the magnitude of voltage of described the second alternating voltage is greater than the magnitude of voltage of described the first alternating voltage; When described isolating transformer 330 is step-down transformer, the magnitude of voltage of described the second alternating voltage is less than the magnitude of voltage of described the first alternating voltage.
In one embodiment; described grid-connected inverting system 300 also comprises protective circuit (not shown); when described voltage control circuit exist excessive (such as; surpass one and limit threshold value) during output current; described protective circuit is cut off the ac voltage output of described inverter 320 and the path between described voltage control circuit 340; and then cut-out loop of electric leakage, thereby reached when leak current fault occurs described grid-connected inverting system 300 protective effect to human body.In the present embodiment, described the first ac voltage output 323 is electrically connected to described the first coupled end b by the first K switch 1, the second ac voltage output 324 is electrically connected to described the second coupled end e by second switch K2, and described the 3rd ac voltage output 325 is electrically connected to described the 3rd coupled end f by the 3rd K switch 3.When leak current fault occurs described grid-connected inverting system 300; when described voltage control circuit 340 exist excessive (such as; surpass one and limit threshold value) during output current; described protective circuit is opened K switch 1; K2 and K3 are so that form open circuit between the ac voltage output of described inverter 320 and voltage control circuit 340, and then cut-out loop of electric leakage.
In other embodiments; described protective circuit is also referred to as aftercurrent protective circuit; also for detection of 320 aftercurrent (also steelyard slepsydra electric current) in inverter, whether be more than or equal to described default threshold current value; when described protective circuit detects leakage current in described inverter 320 and is more than or equal to described default threshold current value, described protective circuit triggers described inverter 320 shutdown protections.Particularly, in actual applications, described protective circuit is opened K switch 1, and K2 and K3 are to cut off the ac voltage output of inverter 320 and the path of voltage control circuit 340, and then cut-out loop of electric leakage, thereby reaches the object of protection human body.
Refer to Figure 10, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the 9th kind of better embodiment of the present invention.Although only comprise an inverter in grid-connected inverting system 300 in Fig. 2, i.e. the present invention be take grid-connected inverting system 300 and is introduced as one-level inversion system.Understandably, grid-connected inverting system of the present invention also can be two-stage inversion system to the those skilled in the art in described field.Refer to Figure 10, described grid-connected inverting system 1200 also comprises that booster circuit 1270(is such as BOOST circuit), described booster circuit 1270 is connected between the anodal PV+ of described DC power supply 1210 and a direct-flow input end of described inverter 1220, after the magnitude of voltage of the direct voltage of described DC power supply 1210 outputs is raise, exports described inverter 1220 to.The operation principle of described voltage control circuit 1240 and other circuit or element is identical with the operation principle of each related circuit in Fig. 2-Fig. 9 or element, does not repeat them here.
Refer to Figure 11, the electrical block diagram of its grid-connected inverting system that is the present invention's the tenth better embodiment.Although only comprise an inverter in Fig. 2 in grid-connected inverting system 300, grid-connected inverting system of the present invention is also applicable to the situation of two inverters.In Figure 11, described grid-connected inverting system 1300 comprises two inverters, for convenience of describing, and difference called after the first inverter 1320, the second inverters 1350.Correspondingly, described inverter 1300 also comprises two DC power supply, respectively called after the first DC power supply 1310, the second DC power supply 1330.Described the first DC power supply 1310 is for generation of the first direct voltage, and via positive pole and the negative pole output of described the first DC power supply 1310.Described the second DC power supply 1330 is for generation of the 3rd direct voltage, and via positive pole and the negative pole output of described the second DC power supply 1330.The positive pole of described the first DC power supply 1310 is connected respectively described the first inverter 1320 with negative pole, with output dc voltage to described the first inverter 1320; The positive pole of described the second DC power supply 1330 is connected respectively described the second inverter 1350 with negative pole, with output dc voltage to described the second inverter 1350.Correspondingly, two capacitor C 11, C12 is connected to positive pole and the negative pole of described the first DC power supply 1310 after connecting.Two capacitor C 21, C22 is connected to positive pole and the negative pole of described the second DC power supply 1330 after connecting.Three ac voltage outputs of described the first inverter 1320 and the corresponding electrical connection of three ac voltage outputs of described the second inverter 1350.In other words, each ac voltage output in three of described the first inverter 1320 ac voltage outputs is electrically connected to an ac voltage output in three ac voltage outputs of described the second inverter 1350 respectively.Described the first inverter 1320 and described the second inverter 1350 share a voltage control circuit 1340, described voltage control circuit 1340 is for generation of one second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in to the ac voltage output of described the first inverter 1320 and described the second inverter 1350, and then adjust the size of output voltage to earth of the negative or positive electrode of described the first DC power supply 1320, and the current value of described voltage control circuit 1340 outputs is less than or equal to a default threshold current value.The maximum safe current value that described default threshold current value is born for people's physical efficiency, or be the maximum leakage current value of described grid-connected inverting system operation.
Particularly, sample circuit 1360 in described grid-connected inverting system 1300 is electrically connected to positive pole, the negative pole of described the first DC power supply 1310 positive poles, negative pole and described the second DC power supply 1330, for the magnitude of voltage of the positive pole of described the first DC power supply 1310, negative pole output voltage is over the ground sampled, and the magnitude of voltage of the positive pole of the second DC power supply 1330, negative pole output voltage is over the ground sampled, and the magnitude of voltage that sampling is obtained output.
One end of control signal generation circuit 1370 in described grid-connected inverting system 1300 is electrically connected to the output of described sample circuit 1360, for receiving the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to described sampling sends corresponding control signal to the control signal receiving terminal 13423 in institute described adjustable DC source 1342, to adjust the size of the second direct voltage of described adjustable DC source 1342 exporting.
Particularly, when described the first DC power supply 1310 and described the second DC power supply 1330 are the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, described control signal produces circuit 1370 according to the minimum value in the negative pole voltage to earth of the negative pole voltage to earth of described the first DC source 1310 and described the second DC source 1330, adjust the size of described the second direct voltage, so that the minimum value in the negative pole voltage to earth of the negative pole voltage to earth of described the first DC source 1310 and described the second DC source 1330 is more than or equal to zero, thereby eliminate the PID phenomenon of each DC source.
When photovoltaic battery panel that described the second DC power supply 1310 and described the second DC power supply 1330 are N-type, described control signal produces circuit 1340 according to the maximum in the negative pole voltage to earth of the anodal voltage to earth of described the first DC source 1310 and described the second DC source 1330, adjust the size of the second direct voltage of described adjustable DC source 1342 outputs, so that the maximum in the negative pole voltage to earth of the anodal voltage to earth of described the first DC source 1310 and described the second DC source 1330 is less than or equal to zero, thereby eliminate the PID phenomenon of each DC source.
Understandably, although in the present embodiment, to be arranged on the outside of inverter 1320 after described two capacitor C 11, C12 series connection, two capacitor C 21, the outside that is arranged on inverter 1350 after C22 series connection is described.At other execution modes, two capacitor C 11, C12 also can be integrated in the inside of inverter 1320, two capacitor C 21, and C22 also can be integrated in the inside of inverter 1350.Understandably, although be described in these two capacitances in series, in actual applications, two capacitance structures of described series connection also can replace with an electric capacity.
Understandably, in other embodiments, described grid-connected inverting system is also applicable to the form of the ac voltage output parallel connection of a plurality of inverters.Each inverter includes three ac voltage outputs, i.e. the first ac voltage output, the second ac voltage output and the 3rd ac voltage output.That is, the first all ac voltage output of a plurality of inverters is electrically connected to, and the second all ac voltage output of a plurality of inverters is electrically connected to, and the 3rd all ac voltage output of a plurality of inverters is electrically connected to.All inverters in whole grid-connected inverting system share a voltage control circuit.Operation principle when described voltage control circuit is controlled a plurality of inverter comprises that with Figure 11 the operation principle of two inverters is the same, at this, repeats no more.
Grid-connected inverting system provided by the invention, is carried in the second adjustable direct voltage of a voltage by voltage control circuit the ac voltage output of described inverter, and then described the second direct voltage is carried in to positive pole and the negative pole of described DC power supply.By adjusting the magnitude of voltage of described the second alternating voltage, and then adjust the size of voltage of the negative or positive electrode of described DC power supply, thereby reached the technique effect of the PID phenomenon of avoiding DC power supply.Further; the current value of exporting due to described voltage control circuit is less than or equal to a default threshold current value; when described grid-connected inverting system generation leak current fault; the electric current of human body of flowing through is also less than or equal to described default threshold current value; thereby the current value of the human body that guaranteed to flow through is less than the maximum safe current value that people's physical efficiency is born, thereby has reached earth leakage protective technique effect.
Above disclosed is only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit with this interest field of the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process that realizes above-described embodiment, and the equivalent variations of doing according to the claims in the present invention, still belong to the scope that invention is contained.
Claims (17)
1. a grid-connected inverting system, comprise DC power supply and inverter, described DC power supply produces the first direct voltage and positive pole and negative pole by described DC power supply export described inverter to, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises isolating transformer and voltage control circuit, described inverter comprises three ac voltage outputs, described inverter is converted to the first alternating voltage by described the first direct voltage, and described the first alternating voltage is exported via described three ac voltage outputs, described isolating transformer connects the ac voltage output of described inverter, for first alternating voltage of isolating the output of the described inverter floating ground of voltage relatively, described voltage control circuit comprises coupled end and for the earth terminal of ground connection, described voltage control circuit produces the second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in at least one ac voltage output of described inverter by described coupled end, described voltage control circuit is by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusting the size of the voltage to earth of described DC power anode or negative pole, and the current value of described voltage control circuit output is less than or equal to a default threshold current value, described default threshold current value is safe current critical value, or the critical leakage currents value allowing for described grid-connected inverting system.
2. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described DC power supply is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, the voltage of the negative pole that described voltage control circuit is adjusted the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusted described DC power supply output is over the ground more than or equal to zero, when photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply is N-type, the voltage of the positive pole that described voltage control circuit is adjusted the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusted described DC power supply output is over the ground less than or equal to zero.
3. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the earth terminal ground connection of described voltage control circuit, and the coupled end of described voltage control circuit is electrically connected at least one described ac voltage output.
4. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises that sample circuit and control signal produce circuit, described sample circuit is electrically connected to positive pole and the negative pole of described DC power supply, and to the positive pole of described DC power supply over the ground with negative pole over the ground the magnitude of voltage of output voltage sample, described control signal produces circuit and is connected electrically between the output and voltage control circuit of described sample circuit, described control signal produces circuit and receives the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to sampling produces corresponding control signal and exports described control signal to described voltage control circuit, described control signal is for adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage.
5. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described isolating transformer also receives described the first alternating voltage, and described the first alternating voltage is converted to the second alternating voltage, the circuit that the circuit that described isolating transformer also connects described isolating transformer output and described isolating transformer input connect carries out electricity isolation.
6. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that; described grid-connected inverting system also comprises protective circuit; when the output current of described voltage control circuit is greater than the electric current that limits threshold value; described protective circuit is cut off the ac voltage output of described inverter and the path between described voltage control circuit; wherein, the electric current of described restriction threshold value is safe current critical value.
7. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 5; described grid-connected inverting system also comprises protective circuit; whether the leakage current that described protective circuit detects described inverter is more than or equal to described default threshold current value; when the leakage current of described inverter is more than or equal to described default threshold current value; described protective circuit triggers inverter shutdown protection; wherein, described default threshold current value is the critical leakage currents value that described grid-connected inverting system allows.
8. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described voltage control circuit comprises adjustable DC power supply and coupling circuit, described adjustable DC power supply comprises positive pole and negative pole, described the second direct voltage that described adjustable DC power generation magnitude of voltage is adjustable is also exported via the positive pole in described adjustable DC source, the negative electricity of described adjustable DC power supply connects described earth terminal, described coupling circuit is connected electrically between the positive pole and coupled end of described adjustable DC power supply, with at least one ac voltage output to described inverter by described the second direct voltage output.
9. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, when described coupled end is three, described coupling circuit comprises three resistance or three inductance, each resistance or each inductance one end are electrically connected to a coupled end, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive pole of described adjustable DC power supply.
10. grid-connected inverting system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, when described coupled end is three, described coupling circuit comprises four resistance, wherein one end of each resistance of three resistance is electrically connected to a coupled end, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive pole of described adjustable DC power supply by a resistance outside described three resistance.
11. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, when described coupled end is three, described coupling circuit comprises three resistance and three electric capacity, each resistance is all electrically connected to a coupled end with structure one end that a Capacitance parallel connection forms, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive pole in described adjustable DC source.
12. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, when described coupled end is one, described coupling circuit is any one in the structure of resistance, inductance, resistance and the inductance structure, resistance and the Capacitance parallel connection that are composed in series.
13. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described default threshold current value is 30mA; Or when the power output of described grid-connected inverting system is less than or equal to 30KVA, described default threshold current value is 300mA, when the power output of described grid-connected inverting system is greater than 30KVA, described default threshold current value is the product of the power output of 10mA/KVA and described grid-connected inverting system.
14. 1 kinds of grid-connected inverting systems, for direct voltage is converted to alternating voltage, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected inverting system comprises at least two DC power supply and inverter, an isolating transformer and a voltage control circuit, described DC power supply is for generation of the first direct voltage positive pole and the negative pole output via corresponding DC power supply by described the first direct voltage, each inverter includes ac voltage output, each inverter is all electrically connected to a DC power supply, so that the first direct voltage is converted to the first alternating voltage, and the ac voltage output output via corresponding inverter by described the first alternating voltage, the ac voltage output of each inverter all with the corresponding electrical connection of ac voltage output of other inverters, described isolating transformer connects the ac voltage output of inverter, for isolating the floating ground of voltage relatively of the first alternating voltage of the output of described inverter, described voltage control circuit comprises coupled end and for the earth terminal of ground connection, described voltage control circuit is for generation of the second direct voltage, and described the second direct voltage is carried in at least one ac voltage output of inverter by described coupled end, described control circuit is by adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage and then adjusting the size of the output voltage to earth of described DC power anode or negative pole, and the current value of described voltage control circuit output is less than or equal to a default threshold current value, described default threshold current value is safe current critical value, or the critical leakage currents value allowing for described grid-connected inverting system.
15. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected inverting system also comprises that sample circuit and control signal produce circuit, described sample circuit is electrically connected to positive pole and the negative pole of each DC power supply, and to the positive pole of described DC power supply over the ground with negative pole over the ground the magnitude of voltage of output voltage sample, described control signal produces circuit and is connected electrically between the output and described voltage control circuit of described sample circuit, described control signal produces circuit and receives the magnitude of voltage that described sampling obtains, and the magnitude of voltage obtaining according to sampling produces corresponding control signal, described control signal is for adjusting the size of described the second direct voltage.
16. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, when described DC power supply is the photovoltaic battery panel of P type, described control signal produces circuit according to the minimum value of the negative pole voltage to earth of all DC power supply, adjust the size of described the second direct voltage, so that voltage to earth minimum value is more than or equal to zero in the negative pole of all DC power supply.
17. grid-connected inverting systems as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, when photovoltaic battery panel that described DC power supply is N-type, described control signal produces circuit according to the maximum of the anodal voltage to earth of all DC power supply, adjust the size of described the second direct voltage, so that voltage to earth maximum is less than or equal to zero in the positive pole of all DC power supply.
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Application publication date: 20140924 |
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