CN106844815A - A kind of LASER HEATING program composition and optimization method - Google Patents
A kind of LASER HEATING program composition and optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106844815A CN106844815A CN201610942026.7A CN201610942026A CN106844815A CN 106844815 A CN106844815 A CN 106844815A CN 201610942026 A CN201610942026 A CN 201610942026A CN 106844815 A CN106844815 A CN 106844815A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of LASER HEATING programming method, the deformation condition of blank in heat rotation shaping is grasped by way of numerical simulation, easily defect and its Germ distribution occurs；Heating strategy is worked out accordingly, selects the position relationship of contact zone on corresponding laser parameter, including hot spot and blank, laser power and laser facula size etc.；According to the position relationship of contact zone on hot spot and blank, by numerical simulation result, Roller locus are mapped as the discrete loci of laser facula；According to laser facula and the position relationship of laser head, the discrete loci of laser facula is converted into the control track of laser head, the control program of laser head is converted into by CAM softwares.A kind of establishment of LASER HEATING program proposed by the present invention and optimization method, it is that the realization based on LASER HEATING mould pressing is laid a good foundation, simultaneously also for precise control LASER HEATING process provides good method, dependence of the LASER HEATING program composition to experience is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic forming technology field, more particularly to a kind of establishment based on LASER HEATING program and excellent
Change method.
Background technology
Rotary pressure technology has been obtained extensively as a kind of advanced near-net-shape technique in the processing of hollow revolving body part
Application.With the gradually maturation of Fiber laser technology, conventional energy resource is substituted to spinning blank using the laser of high-energy-density
On-line heating is carried out to be possibly realized.LASER HEATING is related to multiple parameters, not only including laser parameter, also joins including spinning process
Number.It is maximum to the influence for shaping with the loading track of laser in many parameters.Because laser is on spinning roller blank
Loading track determines that can LASER HEATING area cover the local deformation area on blank, i.e. can the temperature of deformed area material reach modeling
Property deformation requirement.
It is general that spinning roller loading track is generated using two ways for conventional spinning shaping：One kind is to warp
The artificial operating process tested carries out playback, and another kind is that the foundation die shape that Patent No. CN102650863A is proposed coordinates work
Skill parameter adjustment Roller locus, reconvert is into CNC program.Due to laser facula loading not only be related to Roller locus, also with
The deformation process of spinning blank is relevant, therefore the above method is not particularly suited for laser facula loading.Based on LASER HEATING spinning mistake
Cheng Zhong, in order to ensure heating effect, it is necessary to laser facula is carried in into the spinning on spinning blank in front of contact zone direction of feed
On blank, the region is the fillet surface between valid shaping area and free deformation zone, its locus and spinning roller loading position,
Forming parameters and material property are relevant, as the loading of spinning roller is continually changing, transition can only be by virtue of experience predicted at present
The locus of curved surface.
LASER HEATING track how is generated, so as to meet the heating needs of shaping, LASER HEATING mould pressing is realized
How basis, be converted into Laser shock loading track control program and realize automated production, is LASER HEATING rotary pressure technology application
The problem that must be solved in journey.
The content of the invention
For the problem that presently, there are, the present invention provides establishment and the optimization method of a kind of LASER HEATING program, its purpose
It is that it is possible under the conditions of existing software and hardware provide a kind of reliable, feasible laser for the mould pressing based on LASER HEATING
Heating schedule preparation method, for realizing the LASER HEATING in spinning process, and then realizes the automation of production.
To achieve these goals, a kind of one aspect of the present invention, there is provided LASER HEATING programming method, including
Following steps：
A kind of LASER HEATING programming method, comprises the following steps：
1) blank geometry and material characteristic parameter, spinner's chisel geometric parameter and forming parameters, including blank are obtained
Thickness t0, diameter D, material properties (Young's modulus, yield strength, thermal coefficient of expansion and coefficient of heat conduction etc.), speed of mainshaft n,
Feed rate f, spinning roller diameter Dr, radius of corner ρrAnd/or the spinning roller angle of attack
2) according to spinning forming process, spinning roller loading track is generated；
3) according to step 1) and 2) technological parameter and the spinning roller loading track that obtain, set up with numerical simulation analysis software
Overall hot spinning numerical simulator, and calculated；
4) according to Analysis results of numerical simulation, active position and the region in LASER HEATING area in spin-forming procedure are determined
The distribution situation of interior temperature, i.e. heating strategy；
5) according to step 4) work out heating strategy, determine the LASER HEATING parameter corresponding to different time points, including light
Spot and relative position relation, the laser power P and/or laser facula size d of spinning roller contact zone on blank, revolve on hot spot and blank
Taking turns the relative position relation of contact zone includes the axial distance Δ and the circumference angle α of the two of hot spot and contact zone；
6) logarithm value analog result is post-processed, and according to the relative position requirement of contact zone on hot spot and blank, is being become
Spinning blank surface search different time points during shape meet the unit of status requirement, are sat by the Y and Z that record the unit
Mark, setup time point and hot spot Y and the corresponding relation of Z coordinate, and then form what a series of hot spot loading positions were changed over time
Discrete point；
7) according to laser facula and laser head in the Y direction with the offset distance of Z-direction, the discrete point of spot tracks is changed
A series of position coordinateses of laser head into heating process；
8) CAM softwares are used, a series of point coordinates of laser head positions is converted into movement locus control routine；
9) control TRAJECTORY CONTROL code and corresponding laser power P to combine laser head, generate the control program of laser head.
Preferably, the spinning roller loading track leads in the case of the general rotation spinning of single pass and cone shear spinning shaping
The bus for crossing spinning mandrel determined, the spinning roller loading track, in the case of multi-process conventional spinning spinning, according to spinning operation
The bus of part is designed.
Preferably, the laser facula size d is used to characterize the size in laser irradiation region domain.
Preferably, the hot spot allows for ensureing the laser of laser head output with the circumference angle α of contact zone on blank
Can be directly incident in blank surface.
Preferably, the track that laser facula is formed on blank need not keep man-to-man mapping with spinning roller loading track
Relation.
To achieve these goals, a kind of another aspect of the present invention, there is provided LASER HEATING program optimization method, bag
Include following steps：
1) connect using LASER HEATING parameter as experimental factor, including on laser power P, spot size d and hot spot and blank
Area's axial distance Δ and/or circumferential angle α are touched, and determines the level of factor；
2) service test method for designing carries out the plan design based on LASER HEATING spinning；
3) according to testing program, LASER HEATING program is generated with LASER HEATING programming method；
4) according to testing program, the engineer testing based on LASER HEATING spinning is carried out；
5) result of the test is analyzed, is determined to be adapted to the laser parameter of shaping according to evaluation index；
6) using the LASER HEATING parameter of optimization, with LASER HEATING journey after the generation optimization of LASER HEATING programming method
Sequence.
Preferably, the evaluation index that the LASER HEATING program optimization method is used to optimize laser parameter can be multiple.
Preferably, the engineer testing can be real processing, or numerical simulation.
The invention provides a kind of establishment based on LASER HEATING program and optimization method, its advantage is：Generated
The LASER HEATING track precise control that can realize to heating region temperature, the heating needs of shaping can be met, make efficiently, section
Can, environmental protection be possibly realized based on LASER HEATING rotary pressing processing；Laser shock loading track is converted into control program, is realized and is based on
The automated production of LASER HEATING mould pressing, reduces labour intensity low.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the hot spot and contact zone position view on blank of embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 3 is laser facula of the invention, Roller locus curve.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment：Using based on LASER HEATING mould pressing AZ31 magnesium alloy plates
1) the thickness t of blank 20It is 2mm, diameter D is 155mm, from radius of corner ρrIt is 12mm, spinning roller diameter DrFor
The circular spinning roller 5 of 200mm carries out single pass draw spinning shaping, the outer diameter D of core 1mIt is 100mm, speed of mainshaft n is during shaping
450r/min, feed rate f are 0.15mm/s.
2) single pass drawing and forming is used, the track of spinning roller 5 is consistent with the bus of core 1, without otherwise designed.
3) when material temperature reaches 200-300 DEG C, AZ31 magnesium alloys can smoothly shape, thus use step 1) parameter
With step 2) in track, set up the AZ31 magnesium alloy mould pressings that material temperature is 250 DEG C using business software MSC.Marc
Numerical simulator, and carry out computing.
4) from terms of analog result, the maximum reduction of wall thickness is being measured at spinning product bottom 8.3mm.Spinning belongs to
Successive partial plastic forming technology, not only spinning roller 5 can produce plastic deformation, contact zone D with the contact zone of blank 2 in forming process
And its surrounding can also deform；When carrying out local heating using laser, when maximum thinning place is located at contact zone D rear sides, laser adds
Hot-zone A will not only cover contact zone D, it is necessary to cover the position that maximum reduction occur in D rear sides in contact zone, in order to avoid material at this
There is crackle because plasticity is too low.Therefore, to prevent wall thickness excessive thinning, cause product to occur being broken into target, formulate heating
Strategy：When spinning roller 5 is not in contact with blank 2, not deformed blank is preheated using laser, blank 2 is possessed initial temperature；When
When shaping starts, appropriate increase LASER HEATING power P and laser facula size d, while reduce hot spot contacts interval with blank 2
Axial distance Δ, heating zone A is covered the rear side of contact zone D to greatest extent, it is maximum thinning in forming process to ensure
Place's material possesses enough plasticity.
5) according to step 4) work out heating strategy, complete laser parameter setting：Warm-up phase, laser power P is
1200W, laser facula size d are 4mm, and hot spot is 0 (spinning roller is not in contact with blank) with contact zone axial distance Δ；Heating period,
The scope of given LASER HEATING parameter, laser power P is that 1200-1800W, laser facula size d are 4-8mm and hot spot and blank
The interval axial distance Δ of upper contact is 2-6mm.In due to forming process, laser head 3 is clamped in the end of six-DOF robot 4
End, to prevent robot 4 from interfering with spinning machine, and also to ensure the effect of LASER HEATING, in whole forming process,
From the circumference angle α of contact zone on unified hot spot and blank, its value is 90 ° (as shown in Figure 2).
6) write post processor, by interface from numerical simulation result by given position relation (i.e. hot spot with contact
Area's axial distance Δ and circumferential angle alpha) extraction unit coordinate, so as to obtain hot spot adding in spinning blank surface in deformation process
Carrier rail mark.
7) laser parameter for selecting the heating period is used as experimental factor, and determines the level of each factor, wherein hot spot with
Contact zone axial distance Δ is respectively 2mm, 4mm and 6mm, and laser power P is respectively 1200W, 1500W and 1800W, spot size
D is respectively 4mm, 6mm and 8mm.
8) a Three factors-levels orthogonal test, the optimization for completing LASER HEATING parameter are designed.
9) with step 6) post processor write, the coordinate value of laser facula loading track discrete point is generated respectively.
10) to step 9) coordinate value of spot tracks point of generation is biased, and biasing coordinate has with laser facula size
Close, the corresponding biasing coordinates of spot size d of such as 6mm are (+43.3, -25), convert thereof into six-DOF robot 4 and control
Required coordinate value, generates machining locus, and control program is generated in WorkVisual.
11) according to testing program, the engineer testing based on LASER HEATING spinning is carried out.
12) result of the test shows that part spinning part rupture fails smoothly shaping, it follows that the used heating of experiment
Strategy is suitable, while being necessary the maximum reduction of spinning part as the evaluation index for optimizing.Testing result shows：Two groups
Laser parameter, can guarantee that and controls within 10% the maximum reduction of spinning part.This two groups of parameters are respectively：Laser power
P is that 1500W, laser facula size d are that 4mm, hot spot and contact zone axial distance Δ are 4mm；Laser power P is 1800W, laser
Spot size d is 4mm, and hot spot is 6mm with contact zone axial distance Δ.The temperature carried out near contact zone is surveyed in forming process
Amount display, when laser power P is 1500W, the error with temperature used by numerical simulation is 12.3%, closer to analog temperature,
Therefore first group of data is chosen as optimal value.
13) with the LASER HEATING parameter of optimization：Laser power P be 1500W, laser facula size d be 4mm, hot spot with
Axial distance Δ in contact zone is 4mm, repeat step 6), 9), 10), generate the LASER HEATING program of optimization.
To sum up, the present invention is grasped the deformation condition of blank in heat rotation shaping by way of numerical simulation, defect easily occurs
And its Germ distribution；Heating strategy is worked out accordingly, selects corresponding laser parameter, including hot spot and contact zone on blank
Position relationship, laser power and laser facula size etc.；Then, according to the position relationship of contact zone on hot spot and blank, by
Numerical simulation result, Roller locus are mapped as the discrete loci of laser facula；Finally, according to laser facula and the position of laser head
Relation is put, the control track of laser head is translated into, the control program of laser head is converted into by CAM softwares.Simultaneously
A kind of method present invention also offers use experimental design optimizes LASER HEATING parameter, and then realizes LASER HEATING program optimization
Method.A kind of establishment of LASER HEATING program proposed by the present invention and optimization method, are based on LASER HEATING mould pressing
Realization is laid a good foundation, while also reducing LASER HEATING journey for precise control LASER HEATING process provides good method
Sequence works out the dependence to experience.
It should be noted that herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to a reality
Body or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or deposited between operating
In any this actual relation or order.And, term " including ", "comprising" or its any other variant be intended to
Nonexcludability is included, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of key elements not only will including those
Element, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or also include being this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there is other identical element in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.
More than, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its invention
Design is subject to equivalent or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of LASER HEATING programming method, it is characterised in that step includes：
1) blank geometry and material characteristic parameter, spinner's chisel geometric parameter and forming parameters, including sotck thinkness are obtained
t0, diameter D, material properties, speed of mainshaft n, feed rate f, spinning roller diameter Dr, radius of corner ρrAnd/or the spinning roller angle of attack
2) according to spinning forming process, spinning roller loading track is generated；
3) according to step 1) and 2) technological parameter and the spinning roller loading track that obtain, set up overall with numerical simulation analysis software
Hot spinning numerical simulator, and calculated；
4) according to Analysis results of numerical simulation, determine LASER HEATING area in spin-forming procedure active position and region in temperature
The distribution situation of degree, i.e. heating strategy；
5) according to step 4) heating strategy worked out, determine the LASER HEATING parameter corresponding to different time points, including hot spot with
The relative position relation of spinning roller contact zone, laser power P and/or laser facula size d on blank, hot spot connect with spinning roller on blank
Touching the relative position relation in area includes the axial distance Δ and the circumference angle α of the two of hot spot and contact zone；
6) logarithm value analog result is post-processed, and according to the relative position requirement of contact zone on hot spot and blank, is being deformed
Spinning blank surface search different time points in journey meet the unit of status requirement, by recording the Y and Z coordinate of the unit,
The corresponding relation of setup time point and hot spot Y and Z coordinate, so form that a series of hot spot loading positions change over time it is discrete
Point；
7) according to laser facula and laser head in the Y direction with the offset distance of Z-direction, the discrete point of spot tracks is converted into plus
A series of position coordinateses of laser head in thermal process；
8) CAM softwares are used, a series of point coordinates of laser head positions is converted into movement locus control routine；9) by laser head
Control TRAJECTORY CONTROL code and corresponding laser power P are combined, and generate the control program of laser head.
2. LASER HEATING programming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in general rotation spinning and the cone of single pass
In the case of the shaping of shape part shear spinning, the spinning roller loading track can be determined by the bus of spinning mandrel, in multi-pass
In the case of general rotation spinning, then the spinning roller loading track need to be designed according to the bus of spinning process part processing.
3. LASER HEATING programming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser facula size d is used
In the size for characterizing laser irradiation region domain.
4. LASER HEATING programming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hot spot is contacted with blank
The selection of interval circumference angle α will also ensure that laser can be irradiated directly in blank surface except heating effect to be ensured.
5. LASER HEATING programming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that laser facula is formed on blank
Track and spinning roller loading track need not keep man-to-man mapping relations.
6. a kind of LASER HEATING program optimization method, it is characterised in that step includes：
1) using LASER HEATING parameter as experimental factor, including contact zone on laser power P, spot size d and hot spot and blank
Axial distance Δ and/or circumferential angle α, and determine the level of factor；
2) service test method for designing carries out the plan design based on LASER HEATING spinning；
3) according to testing program, LASER HEATING program is generated with LASER HEATING programming method；
4) according to testing program, the engineer testing based on LASER HEATING spinning is carried out；
5) result of the test is analyzed, is determined to be adapted to the laser parameter of shaping according to evaluation index；
6) using the LASER HEATING parameter of optimization, with LASER HEATING program after the generation optimization of LASER HEATING programming method.
7. LASER HEATING program optimization method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the purpose of optimization is to improve shaping
Quality, evaluation index is designed as needed, may be greater than equal to 1.
8. LASER HEATING program optimization method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the engineer testing can be true
Real processing, or numerical simulation.
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| CN201610942026.7A CN106844815B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Laser heating programming and optimizing method |
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| CN201610942026.7A CN106844815B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Laser heating programming and optimizing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109702024A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fine grain magnesium-alloy tube plastic processing method |
| CN113441598A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 武汉重型机床集团有限公司 | High-precision recording method for spinning machine |
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| DE4425033A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-01-18 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method and device for press forming workpieces |
| CN102430904A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-05-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Auxiliary laser heating milling device and method |
| CN102650863A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-29 | 鑫港企业有限公司 | Method for generating CNC (computerized numerical control) program code for spinning lathe by feeding CAD (computer-aided design) file |
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| DE4425033A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-01-18 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method and device for press forming workpieces |
| CN102650863A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-29 | 鑫港企业有限公司 | Method for generating CNC (computerized numerical control) program code for spinning lathe by feeding CAD (computer-aided design) file |
| CN102430904A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-05-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Auxiliary laser heating milling device and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109702024A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fine grain magnesium-alloy tube plastic processing method |
| CN109702024B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏理工学院 | Plastic processing method for fine-grain magnesium alloy pipe |
| CN113441598A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 武汉重型机床集团有限公司 | High-precision recording method for spinning machine |
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| CN106844815B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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