CN103409613A - Method for realizing gradient property distribution of hot stamping workpiece - Google Patents
Method for realizing gradient property distribution of hot stamping workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN103409613A CN103409613A CN2013103865386A CN201310386538A CN103409613A CN 103409613 A CN103409613 A CN 103409613A CN 2013103865386 A CN2013103865386 A CN 2013103865386A CN 201310386538 A CN201310386538 A CN 201310386538A CN 103409613 A CN103409613 A CN 103409613A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing gradient property distribution of a hot stamping workpiece, comprising the following steps of: according to property requirements on the hot stamping workpiece, determining the mechanical properties that the hot stamping workpiece is necessary to have in different positions; according to the relationship between the final mechanical property and a cooling speed in the quenching process, determining the cooling speeds of the different positions of the hot stamping workpiece at the hot stamping quenching stage; determining the position of a thermal barrier coating needing to be formed on the inner surface of a mould, the material of the thermal barrier coating and the thickness of the thermal barrier coating according to the obtained corresponding cooling speeds of the hot stamping workpiece at different positions; forming the thermal barrier coating in a corresponding position of the mould in a corresponding way; performing moulding and quenching treatment on a plate through a hot stamping process to obtain the hot stamping workpiece, and realizing the gradient distribution of the mechanical properties by virtue of the difference of the cooling speeds at different positions of the hot stamping workpiece. The method is simple and convenient to implement so that lots of manufacture cost and production period are saved; the method is also flexible and efficient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot stamping method, particularly relate to a kind of method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes.
Background technology
At present, the application of super-high strength steel becomes automobile and other and manufactures one of the mainstream development trend in fields, and hot press-formed be a kind of important mode that realizes the super-high strength steel product.The technical process that existing hot press-formed technology adopts is: select the special hot stamping material, and------plate heat tracing (the abundant austenitizing of plate)---moves in mould---quench cooled when completing shaping---and finally obtains superstrength stamped part (be organized as martensite, intensity is even higher in the 1500MPa left and right) in blanking.For the crashproof parts in the Hyundai Motor industry, just need the different sites of same parts to have different mechanical property (being that gradient performance distributes).
Quenching in mould is hot press-formed valuable feature, only have when speed of cooling is greater than certain threshold value (approximately 27 ℃/s) time, austenite could fully be converted to martensite, and product shows high strength; When speed of cooling was less than normal, part performance embodies that intensity is lower but toughness is relatively better, therefore by the speed of cooling of controlling the product different positions, can realize that the gradient performance of final product different positions distributes.Existingly realize that the method for gradient performance all is based on above-mentioned principle design, mainly comprise plate piecemeal heating method, mould piecemeal heating/method of cooling, mould minute block of material method (comprising the ceramic insert method), die clearance method etc.Plate welding method also can realize that gradient performance distributes, but also wants many one welding sequences.These methods generally all need to design and produce different moulds for the different performance requriements of product, need to, through repeatedly repairing a die and debugging test, have design complexity, production cycle length, the more high unfavorable factor of cost.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of by the mould inner surface different positions, applying the method that thermal barrier coating can be realized hot stamping product material gradient performance profile simply, efficiently that the shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention are to provide.
Reach for achieving the above object other relevant purposes, the invention provides a kind of method that realizes hot stamping product material gradient performance profile, comprise the following steps: according to the performance requriements to described hot stamping product, determine the mechanical property that described hot stamping product should have at the different positions place; According to the relation of speed of cooling in final mechanical property and quenching process, determine that the different positions of described hot stamping product is in the hot stamping speed of cooling in quenching stage; The speed of cooling that should have according to the different positions place that obtains described hot stamping product, determine the position of the thermal barrier coating that need to apply at mould inner surface, material and the coating thickness of thermal barrier coating; Select corresponding coating method, apply described thermal barrier coating in the corresponding position of described mould; Adopt hot stamping technique to form with quench treatment to obtain described hot stamping product plate, utilize the difference of described hot stamping product different positions place speed of cooling, obtain the Gradient distribution of mechanical property.
Preferably, the speed of cooling of described plate in described mould controlled by thermal conductivity, the coating thickness of the material of described thermal barrier coating.
Preferably, described coating method comprises that single kind single layer of material applies, list is planted the material multiple coating, multiple Material cladding applies.
Preferably, in described mould, be provided with cooling water channel.
Preferably, described hot stamping technique comprises: described plate is placed in process furnace and is heated to more than austenitizing temperature and insulation; After the abundant austenitizing of described plate, open process furnace and rapidly described plate transferred on pressing machine in the mould that is coated with described thermal barrier coating; Start fast described pressing machine, make described plate at described mould internal shaping and carry out quench treatment.
Preferably, described in the heat-processed to described plate, remaining vacuum state in process furnace.
Preferably, when described plate is high-strength steel, in process furnace, add to 950 ℃ and be incubated 3 minutes, or be heated to 900 ℃ and be incubated 4 minutes, or be heated to 860 ℃ and be incubated 5.5 minutes.
As mentioned above, the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. need not change the material of existing mould structure and hot stamping product, implement simple possible;
2. the cleaning of thermal barrier coating and again apply all easily, debugging limit in limit applies as required, even can apply by multiple Material cladding, uses flexibly, does not need repeatedly to repair a die, and experiment process is shorter;
3. thermal barrier coating can directly be coated on existing hot stamping die, has saved a large amount of manufacturing costs and production cycle, and efficiency is high;
4. with respect to the ceramic insert method, thermal barrier coating has overcome the shortcomings such as large, the shock-resistant ability of self fragility of pottery is low, frangible, following process ability, should use convenient, fast, efficient.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the schema of realizing the method that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as the schematic diagram of the hot stamping process unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by specific specific examples explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification sheets.The present invention can also be implemented or be applied by other different embodiment, and the every details in this specification sheets also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change not deviating under spirit of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.It should be noted that, the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, satisfy in graphic only show with the present invention in relevant assembly but not component count, shape and size drafting while implementing according to reality, during its actual enforcement, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change, and its assembly layout kenel also may be more complicated.
The present invention, on the basis of existing hot stamping technique, provides a kind of hot stamping product that can make to have the method that gradient performance distributes.Because thermal barrier coating has lower heat conductance, generally all too fast in order to prevent that the body material temperature from rising as lagging material, can also play the photothermal effect of shifting.The present invention has utilized the heat-blocking action of thermal barrier coating, makes hot stamping in hot stamping technique, have different speed of cooling with the different position of plate, thereby realizes that the gradient performance of hot stamping product distributes.
Figure 1 shows that this schema of realizing the method that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes, as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
S101: according to the performance requriements to the hot stamping product, determine the mechanical property that the hot stamping product should have at the different positions place.
The automobile B-column of take is example; thereby require its bottom to have the higher intensity protection passenger safety that deforms when preventing from colliding; its top requires to have good toughness; intensity can not be too high; in order to when collision, can farthest absorb energy, and be convenient to when mounted weld with miscellaneous part.
S102: according to the relation of speed of cooling in final mechanical property and quenching process, determine that the different positions of hot stamping product is in the hot stamping speed of cooling in quenching stage.
For example, when speed of cooling is lower than 27 ℃/s, hot stamping only has part to be transformed into martensite with the austenite of the microtexture of plate, and the hot stamping product finally obtained has less intensity; Speed of cooling is during higher than 27 ℃/s, and austenite all is transformed into martensite, and the intensity of hot stamping product can reach the 1500Mpa left and right.
S103: obtain according to step S102 the speed of cooling that the different positions place of hot stamping product should have, determine the position of the thermal barrier coating that need to apply at mould inner surface, material and the coating thickness of thermal barrier coating.
On mould, the position of uncoated thermal barrier coating has heat absorption capacity preferably, so hot stamping is very fast in corresponding position speed of cooling with plate, and austenite changes into martensite fully, and the hot stamping product is very high in the intensity of this position.On mould, be coated with the heat-proof quality of the position of thermal barrier coating due to thermal barrier coating, make hot stamping slower in the speed of cooling of corresponding position with plate, thereby intensity be just lower.
Hot stamping is controlled by thermal conductivity, the coating thickness of heat barrier coat material by the speed of cooling of plate in mould.The material that thermal conductivity is little or thicker coating all can cause slower speed of cooling.The material of thermal barrier coating, coating thickness can adopt different array modes, but the mechanical property distribution effect reached is identical.The relation of the thermal conductivity of heat barrier coat material, coating thickness and speed of cooling can be rule of thumb or finite element simulation determine.The heat barrier coat material often adopted has alumina type stupalith, zirconium white class stupalith or magnesium oxide class stupalith etc., and concrete material has Al
2O
3, ZrO
2, MgO etc.
S104: select corresponding coating method, apply thermal barrier coating in the corresponding position of mould.
Coating method comprises single plant single layer of material coating, single kind material multiple coating, multiple Material cladding coating etc.Can select the method for hand spray or automatic coating thermal barrier coating to be coated in to the corresponding position of mould.Adopting more is the method for automatic coating, and its spraying homogeneity is better, and efficiency is higher.
S105: adopt hot stamping technique to form with quench treatment to obtain the hot stamping product plate, utilize the difference of hot stamping product different positions place speed of cooling, obtain the Gradient distribution of mechanical property.
Hot stamping technique in step S105 comprises the following steps:
S201: plate is placed in process furnace and is heated to more than austenitizing temperature and insulation.
S202: after the abundant austenitizing of plate, open process furnace and rapidly plate transferred on pressing machine in the mould that is coated with thermal barrier coating.
S203: quick trigger pressure machine makes plate at the mould internal shaping and carries out quench treatment.
Below by an embodiment, the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes provided by the invention is described.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the hot stamping process unit of the present embodiment employing.
The hot stamping product of the present embodiment is super-high strength steel product (be organized as martensite, intensity is even higher in the 1500MPa left and right).This super-high strength steel product is a deep-draw cylindrical shell, requires cylinder body bottom intensity high, and upper edge intensity is low, so that technological operations such as follow-up machinings.
Therefore, the bottom that this hot stamping product intensity is high should have speed of cooling faster in the hot stamping quenching process, and the upper edge that intensity is low should have slower speed of cooling.
As shown in Figure 2, in the bottom surface of the blank holder corresponding with the cylindrical shell top edge 3 and the convex surface place of die 5, all applied thermal barrier coating 2.Hot stamping will have slower speed of cooling with the corresponding position of plate 4 in the hot stamping quenching process, the austenite of these positions only has part to be transformed into martensite, thereby intensity is lower, but has good unit elongation and secondary workability.Method by automatic coating in this enforcement has applied the thick zirconia coating of 100~300 μ m in the corresponding position of blank holder 3 and die 5, the zirconia coating in this scope has effect of heat insulation preferably.
The mould that is coated with thermal barrier coating 2 is arranged on pressing machine, starts to adopt hot stamping technique to form with quench treatment and have with acquisition the hot stamping product that gradient performance distributes plate 4.
At first more than hot stamping being placed in process furnace and being heated to austenitizing temperature with plate 4, and the insulation reasonable time.The asynchronism(-nization) that different Heating temperatures need to be incubated.(yield strength reaches 210~550MPa), needs insulation 3 minutes if be heated to 950 ℃, if be heated to 900 ℃ of needs insulations 4 minutes, if be heated to 860 ℃ of needs insulations 5.5 minutes for the high-strength steel material.For preventing that in heat-processed, plate is oxidized, the process furnace planted agent remains vacuum state.After austenitizing, the original ferrite and pearlite structural transformation of plate is austenite structure.
After the abundant austenitizing of plate, open process furnace and rapidly plate 4 transferred in the mould on pressing machine.
The trigger pressure machine, form and the while quench treatment plate 4 in the mould that seals, is coated with thermal barrier coating 2 fast.Punch 1 and die 5 coordinate, plate 4 is stamped into to a deep-draw cylindrical shell, this cylindrical shell top edge heat-blocking action speed of cooling due to thermal barrier coating 2 in quenching process is slower, the speed of cooling that the cylinder bottom is divided is very fast, therefore this cylindrical shell upper edge intensity intensity lower, the cylinder end is higher, has realized the gradient performance distribution.
By thermal barrier coating, realize that the gradient performance distribution does not have particular requirement to mould itself, generally if for the mould on the hot stamping streamline, need to arrange cooling water channel in mould.Under the environment of laboratory Discontinuous manufacture, can omit cooling water channel.
Finally the hot stamping product is taken out, then carry out subsequent disposal.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes, by the mode at the mould surface spraying thermal barrier coating, change the capacity of heat transmission of mould corresponding site, and then the quenching phase transformation law of change high temperature plate, thereby make the different positions of hot stamping product have different final mechanical properties.That the invention process is got up is simple and convenient, it is flexible and efficient to use, and has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not be used to limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present invention and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, such as in affiliated technical field, have and know that usually the knowledgeable, not breaking away from all equivalence modifications that complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought or changing, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes, is characterized in that, comprising:
1) according to the performance requriements to described hot stamping product, determine the mechanical property that described hot stamping product should have at the different positions place;
2), according to the relation of speed of cooling in final mechanical property and quenching process, determine that the different positions of described hot stamping product is in the hot stamping speed of cooling in quenching stage;
3) according to described step 2) obtain the speed of cooling that the different positions place of described hot stamping product should have, determine the position of the thermal barrier coating that need to apply at mould inner surface, material and the coating thickness of thermal barrier coating;
4) select corresponding coating method, apply described thermal barrier coating in the corresponding position of described mould;
5) adopt hot stamping technique to form with quench treatment to obtain described hot stamping product plate, utilize the difference of described hot stamping product different positions place speed of cooling, obtain the Gradient distribution of mechanical property.
2. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the speed of cooling of described plate in described mould controlled by thermal conductivity, the coating thickness of the material of described thermal barrier coating.
3. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described coating method comprises singly plants that single layer of material applies, singly plants the material multiple coating, multiple Material cladding applies.
4. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with cooling water channel in described mould.
5. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hot stamping technique comprises:
1) described plate is placed in process furnace and is heated to more than austenitizing temperature and insulation;
2), after the abundant austenitizing of described plate, open process furnace and rapidly described plate transferred on pressing machine in the mould that is coated with described thermal barrier coating;
3) start fast described pressing machine, make described plate at described mould internal shaping and carry out quench treatment.
6. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in process furnace, remaining vacuum state described in the heat-processed to described plate.
7. the method that realizes that hot stamping product gradient performance distributes according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: when described plate is high-strength steel, in process furnace, add to 950 ℃ and be incubated 3 minutes, or be heated to 900 ℃ and be incubated 4 minutes, or be heated to 860 ℃ and be incubated 5.5 minutes.
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CN106119688B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-11-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of high intensity Q & P steel part preparation methods of capability gradient distribution |
CN106119688A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of high intensity Q & P steel part preparation method of capability gradient distribution |
CN109590393A (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2019-04-09 | 福特汽车公司 | For producing the cooling duct of the 3-D printing of the PHS part with tailored properties |
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