CN106842347A - A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor - Google Patents
A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106842347A CN106842347A CN201611217569.9A CN201611217569A CN106842347A CN 106842347 A CN106842347 A CN 106842347A CN 201611217569 A CN201611217569 A CN 201611217569A CN 106842347 A CN106842347 A CN 106842347A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cold atom
- laser
- interference
- cold
- cloud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor, including：The n cold atom interference unit of array arrangement, cold atom interference unit includes：Vacuum cavity；Vacuum cavity includes upper interference region, lower interference region, detecting area and atomic group preparation structure, and upper interference region is a slender type pipeline, and top is provided with glass window；Lower interference region is the cavity of multiwindow, and side is provided with glass window.Four atoms of the vertical laser steering of three beams are interfered simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorMeasured while component；Three atoms that three groups of horizontal laser lights are manipulated in same levels are interfered simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorMeasured while component.The present invention can measure all five isolated components of gravity gradient tensor, contain the full detail of gravity gradient tensor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gravity field survey technical field, and in particular to a kind of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor is complete
The measuring system of component.
Background technology
The accurate measurement of gravitational field can be used for the related basic physicses research of gravitation, can be used for again Gravity Matching navigation,
The practical field such as subterranean resource exploration.Gravitational field is a vector field, and its first-order derivative to locus is exactly gravity gradient.Weight
Power gradient is a second-order tensor, there is 9 components, can be expressed as：This is one 3 × 3
Matrix.Because the space residing for measurement sensor does not have source to attract quality, so havingAnd because draw
The field of force is conservation law, it is desirable to Γij=Γji.So gravity gradient tensor only has five isolated components.
The measurement of gravity gradient tensor component can be realized by different methods.Such as low-temperature superconducting gravity gradient
The gradient former of instrument, rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer, electrostatic suspension gravity gradiometer and FG-5 absolute gravimeters composition,
Intervening atom gravity gradiometer etc..Intervening atom gravity gradiometer has the advantages that potential sensitivity is high, inferred-zero drifts about.
Cold atom interference technique was initially subordinate to culture and education and awards group's realization in Zhu by U.S. Stamford in 1991.Due to microcosmic grain
Son have fluctuation, therefore microcosmic particle ripple bag different paths develop after overlap can interfere phenomenon.Using sharp
Light manipulates atom, makes the ripple bag of atom that beam splitting, reflection occur, beam is closed, it is possible to achieve the interference of atom.Atom has static matter
Amount, its ripple bag develops in gravitational field and is influenceed by gravitional force, and the interferometric phase of intervening atom includes gravity.Therefore, atom
Interferometer can be used to carry out High-Precision Gravimeter Survey.
Gradiometry requirement is carried out using intervening atom method and construct two atomic interferometers in one direction, measure
Two acceleration of gravity.By two acceleration of gravity difference again divided by the distance between two interferometers, a gravity is just obtained
The value of gradient tensor component.
At present, to the measurement measured mainly to single component of gravity gradient tensor.The first is rightMeasurement,
Its two atom for being configured to manipulate vertical direction simultaneously using the laser beam of vertical direction is interfered.(Physics
Review A 65,033608,2002).Second is right(or) measurement, what it was configured to using horizontal direction
Two atoms that laser beam manipulates horizontal direction simultaneously are interfered.(X.Wu, PhD thesis, Stanford
University, 2009).Both the above gravity measuring device can only all measure some component of gravity gradient tensor, so
The full detail of gravity gradient tensor can not be provided, its range of application is restricted.
The content of the invention
For the defect of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor
The measuring system of full component, it is intended to which the intervening atom gravity gradiometer for solving prior art can only carry out single gravity gradient tensor
The not enough problem of component measurement.
The invention provides a kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor, including：N battle array
The cold atom interference unit of column arrangement, cold atom interference unit includes：Vacuum cavity；Vacuum cavity includes upper interference region, under
Interference region, detecting area and atomic group preparation structure, upper interference region are a slender type pipeline, and interference region is provided with described
Glass window for introducing vertical laser L1；Lower interference region is the cavity of multiwindow, and is provided with glass window to introduce water
Flat laser L2；Detecting area is the cavity of multiwindow, and is provided with for for exploring laser light L4 and the fluorescence to be collected provide logical
The window in road；Atomic group preparation structure is polyhedral structure and is provided with for being that cooling laser L5, L6 and vertical laser L1 are carried
Cold atom cloud a0 during for passage and for monitoring preparation provides the window of passage, wherein, n is the integer more than or equal to 2.
Further, the cold atom interference unit also includes：Vertical laser beam transmitter, horizontal laser beam transmitting
Device, photodetector, vavuum pump, alkali metal shuttle, laser mirror and the anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother's Huo Zi coils；The vertical laser beam
Transmitter expands device for cylindrical laser beam, is vertically right against the top window of interference region, for by laser from optical fiber
Draw and outgoing；The horizontal laser beam transmitter expands device for cylindrical laser beam, is vertically right against the side of lower interference region
Face-port mouthful, for laser to be drawn simultaneously outgoing from optical fiber；The window that photodetector is directed at the detecting area is installed, for receiving
Collect the fluorescence of atomic emissions and be converted into electric signal；The vavuum pump is connected with the atomic group preparation structure, for maintaining
The vacuum of vacuum cavity is stated 10-8Pa~10-7Pa；The alkali metal shuttle is connected with the atomic group preparation structure,
Inside fills alkali metal atom sample, goes out atomic gas for disperse and provides operation material；The laser mirror perpendicular to
Vertical laser L1 is placed, for vertical laser L1 originals road to be reflected to form to the laser penetrated so as to be operated to atom；It is described
Anti- last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils are arranged in the atomic group preparation structure and make its diameter parallel a branch of in cooling laser L5, use
To produce magnetic field intensity zero point and magnetic field gradient at its center, so as to coordinate with cooling laser L5, L6, the prisoner at magnetic field zero
Prohibit atom.
Further, between the lower interference region and detecting area, the detecting area and the atomic group preparation structure it
Between connected by titanium alloy pipeline.
Further, horizontal laser beam transmitter includes：Four identical optical fiber beam expansion devices, for outgoing horizontal laser light
L2。
Further, photodetector is photoelectric tube or photomultiplier.
Further, anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils are two coils for being passed through reverse current.
Further, when n is 3, three cold atom interference units are arranged at a right angle in approximately the same plane.
Further, in three cold atom interference units, the first cold atom interference unit A and the interference of the 3rd cold atom are single
Along the x-axis direction, the line of the first cold atom interference unit A and the second cold atom interference unit B is along the y-axis direction for the line of first C；
On vertical direction, the vertical laser L1 of three beams manipulates the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the second cold atom cloud A-a2, the 3rd cold atom cloud B-
A1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorSurveyed while component
Amount；The difference of the result of interference between the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the second cold atom cloud A-a2 is givenMeasurement result；
Difference between first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 is givenFirst cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 4th cold
Difference between atomic group C-a1 is givenIn the horizontal direction, three groups of horizontal laser light L2 manipulate the in same levels
One cold atom cloud A-a1, the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorMeasured while component；The difference of the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 result of interference is given
Go outThe difference of the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 result of interference is givenWherein, x-y-z structures
Into right hand rectangular coordinate system, vertically, x or y is along thing or North and South direction for z-axis.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention is simultaneously complete using laser steering multiple atomic group using multiple cold atom interference unit cooperations
Into interference, the non-diagonal component of gravity gradient tensor can be measured using two difference of atomic group result of interferenceThere is no gravity gradient tensor non-diagonal component measurement device and side based on intervening atom method at present
Case, system of the present invention realizes the breakthrough of zero.
(2) present invention is simultaneously complete using laser steering multiple atomic group using multiple cold atom interference unit cooperations
Into interference.In one-shot measurement, system of the present invention can realize three components of gravity gradient tensor vertical directionWhile measurement or two components of horizontal directionWhile measure.Compared to single
Component of tensor intervening atom gravity gradiometer, the system has measuring speed higher.
(3) present invention is simultaneously complete using laser steering multiple atomic group using multiple cold atom interference unit cooperations
Into interference.Measurement alternately both vertically as well as horizontally can draw all five isolated components of gravity gradient tensor, i.e.,
The present invention can measure the full detail of gravity gradient tensor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that present system constitutes schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is cell arrangement structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the horizontal direction laser-configured schematic diagram for manipulating atom；
Fig. 4 is Three-Dimensional Magnetic light trap structures schematic diagram.
Wherein, A is the first cold atom interference unit, and B is the second cold atom interference unit, and C is that the 3rd cold atom interferes list
Unit, a0 is cold atom cloud when preparing, and A-a1 is the first cold atom cloud, A-a2 is the second cold atom cloud, B-a1 is the 3rd cold original
Son group, C-a1 are the 4th cold atom cloud, and L1 is vertical laser, and L2 is horizontal laser light, and L21 is first level laser, and L22 is second
Horizontal laser light, L3 is horizontal state selection laser, and L4 is exploring laser light, and L5 is to cool down laser downwards, and L6 is to cool down laser, 101 upwards
It is upper interference region, 102 is lower interference region, and 103 is detecting area, and 104 is atomic group preparation structure, and 201 is vertical radiating laser beams
Device, 202 is horizontal laser beam transmitter, and 203 is photodetector, and 204 is vavuum pump, and 205 is alkali metal shuttle, 206
It is laser mirror, 207 is mother's Huo Zi coils of the anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The deficiency of single gravity gradient tensor component measurement can only be carried out for former intervening atom gravity gradiometer, this
Implementation of the invention there is provided a kind of full amount measuring system of gravity gradient tensor based on intervening atom method.
The measuring system of the array full component of intervening atom gravity gradient tensor that the present invention is provided includes：N array
The cold atom interference unit of arrangement, n is the integer more than or equal to 2.
In the present invention, for sake of convenience, right hand rectangular coordinate system x-y-z is defined.Wherein z-axis vertically, x (or
Y) along thing or North and South direction.
For the ease of description, it is equal to as a example by 3 by n, three cold atom interference units A, B, C are arranged at a right angle in the horizontal plane
Row, wherein the line of the first cold atom interference unit A and the 3rd cold atom interference unit C is along the x-axis direction, the interference of the first cold atom
The line of unit A and the second cold atom interference unit B is along the y-axis direction；In the vertical direction, the vertical laser L1 of three beams manipulates first
Cold atom cloud A-a1, the second cold atom cloud A-a2, the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, realize
In gravity gradient tensorMeasured while component.Wherein, the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and second cold
The difference of the result of interference between atomic group A-a2 is givenMeasurement result；First cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom
Difference between group B-a1 is givenDifference between first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 is givenIn the horizontal direction, the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the 3rd cold atom in three groups of horizontal laser light L2 manipulation same levels
Group B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorSurveyed while component
Amount.Wherein, the difference of the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 result of interference is givenFirst cold atom cloud
The difference of A-a1 and the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 result of interference is given
By the measurement of horizontal direction and vertical direction alternately, it can be deduced that all five independences of gravity gradient tensor point
The value of amount.Five isolated components contain the full detail of gravity gradient tensor, so system of the present invention can carry out weight
The full component measurement of power gradient tensor.
Fig. 1 shows the full amount measuring system of the gravity gradient tensor based on intervening atom provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structure, for convenience of description, illustrate only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention, and is equal to as a example by 3 by n, and details are as follows：
The full amount measuring system of this gradient tensor includes three structure identical cold atom interference units A, B and C, three lists
Unit is at a right angle in the horizontal plane to place, wherein the line of the first cold atom interference unit A and the 3rd cold atom interference unit C is along x
The line of direction of principal axis, the first cold atom interference unit A and the second cold atom interference unit B is along the y-axis direction.Each cell arrangement knot
As shown in Fig. 2 cold atom interference unit A, B, the structure of C are identical, now details are as follows by taking cold atom interference unit A as an example for structure：
Mainly it is made up of the ultrahigh vacuum degree cavity 101-104 and accessory structure 201-207 that constitute vacuum tank；Laser
L1-L6 and cold atom cloud a0, a1, a2 are the operation material of the system.
Ultrahigh vacuum degree cavity 101-104 parts are the major mechanical structure of the present apparatus, and it is atom vapor that Main Function is
One sealing container and the preparation for cold atom are provided and manipulation provides a ultrahigh vacuum degree environment, required vacuum one
As be 10-8-10-7Pa levels.Vacuum cavity selected materials typically have titanium alloy or devitrified glass.Now enter by taking titanium alloy as an example
Row brief description：It is same between cavity and cavity to be attached using titanium alloy pipeline；The place that laser beam passes through uses glass
Window；Connection between each separating component is sealed using flange screw anaerobic copper backing.
Ultrahigh vacuum degree cavity includes：Upper interference region 101, lower interference region 102, detecting area 103, atomic group preparation structure
104.Wherein, upper interference region 101 typically can be a slender type pipeline, and Main Function is for the second cold atom cloud A-a2 interferes
Space is provided；Its upper end is provided with glass window to introduce vertical laser L1.Lower interference region 102 is generally the cavity of multiwindow,
Main Function is for the first cold atom cloud A-a1 interference provides space；Glass window is installed to draw on its face perpendicular to y-axis
Enter horizontal laser light L2.Detecting area 103 is generally the cavity of multiwindow, and it provides space, is installed for the detection process of atom
Window provides passage for the fluorescence to be collected of exploring laser light L4 and photodetector 203.Atomic group preparation structure 104, typically
It is polyhedral structure, there are many windows；It can provide space for cooling Trapping of Atoms, and window can be cooling laser L5, L6 and erect
Straight laser L1 provides passage, while cold atom cloud a0 when also being prepared for monitoring provides passage.Lower interference region 102 and detecting area
Connected by titanium alloy pipeline between 103, between detecting area 103 and atomic group preparation structure 104.
Accessory structure 201-207 is some for being attached on main cavity 101-104 or coordinating with main cavity 101-104
Gadget.They collectively form the entirety of this exemplary unit with main cavity 101-104.Wherein, the He of vertical laser beam transmitter 201
The generally pylindrical laser beam of horizontal laser beam transmitter 202 expands device, is used to from optical fiber draw laser and outgoing；It
Be respectively perpendicular the side window of the top window and lower interference region 102 for being right against interference region 101.As shown in figure 3, level swashs
Light-beam transmitter 202 is made up of four identical optical fiber beam expansion devices, to two composition first levels of outgoing horizontal laser light L2
Laser L21, the second horizontal laser light L22.Photodetector 203 typically can be photoelectric tube or photomultiplier, and its alignment is visited
The window for surveying area 103 is installed, and effect is the fluorescence for collecting atomic emissions, and is converted into electric signal, facilitates subsequent treatment and note
Record.Vavuum pump 204 generally comprises ionic pump and getter pump, is connected with atomic group preparation structure 104, is used to maintain ultrahigh vacuum
Vacuum in degree cavity 101-104.Alkali metal shuttle 205 is connected with atomic group preparation structure 104, and inside fills alkali gold
Category atomic sample, goes out atomic gas, for the present apparatus provides operation material to disperse.Laser mirror 206 is perpendicular to sharp vertically
Light L1 is placed, and is used to for vertical laser L1 originals road to reflect to form laser to penetrating, and atom is operated.Anti- last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils
207 is two coils for being passed through reverse current, in atomic group preparation structure 104 and makes its diameter parallel in cooling laser
It is a branch of in L5, to produce magnetic field intensity zero point and magnetic field gradient at its center, so as to coordinate with cooling laser L5, L6,
The Trapping of Atoms at magnetic field zero.
Laser beam L1-L6 is used for preparing and manipulating cold atom cloud.Wherein vertical laser L1 and horizontal laser light L2 is generally
Raman light beams or Bragg light beams, its effect is irradiated atoms, makes atom that stimulated Raman transition or Bragg diffraction to occur,
Beam splitting, reflection and the conjunction beam of atomic wave are realized, that is, is manipulated atom and is interfered；General vertical laser and horizontal laser light L1, L2
In can also be coupled into removing light, for removing the atom of specific energy state.The principle for removing light is atom is obtained photon momentum
Accelerate, so that " being blown away ".As shown in figure 3, horizontal laser light L2 has two composition first level laser L21, the second horizontal laser lights
L22.The two compositions are parallel to each other, and each composition is formed by two beam laser-correlations, and the two beam laser phases difference lock to penetrating
Determine and can adjust.First level laser L21 completes the reflective operation of the first cold atom cloud A-a1 ripple bags；Second horizontal laser light
L22 completes the beam splitting of the first cold atom A-a1 ripple bags, closes beam operation.The effect of horizontal state selection light L3 is the interference to horizontal direction
Carry out state selection；The effect of detection light L4 is irradiated atoms, makes atom-exciting transition, and then spontaneous radiation goes out fluorescence.By detection
Fluorescence intensity, can detect the number in not homomorphism atom, interferometric phase information be drawn, so as to derive acceleration of gravity
Information.Cooling laser L5, L6 be using red off resonance laser-correlation to prepare when cold atom a0 carry out Doppler cooling, while
The imprison of the cold atom cloud a0 being engaged with externally-applied magnetic field when can also realize preparing；Pump light composition is wherein also typically coupled with back,
Because atom meeting spontaneous radiation during Doppler cooling, to other atomic ground states that can not continue cooling procedure, is called
Dark-state, returning pump light can return pump to the atomic ground state that can continue to Doppler cooling by Dark atom.Fig. 4 is exemplary three-dimensional magneto-optic
Well structure, cooling laser L5, L6 includes three beams of laser respectively, forms the three pairs of laser to penetrating, and three pairs to the laser penetrated two-by-two
Vertically.In upthrow process, to change the laser frequency of cooling laser L5 downwards, therefore the frequency of cooling laser L5 will can downwards
Independently of cooling laser L6 controls upwards.
Cold atom cloud a0, A-a1, A-a2 are the operation material of the system.Cold atom cloud a0 when wherein preparing is to prepare
The cold atom cloud that journey is formed, the first cold atom cloud for A-a1 be on throw the atomic group of lower interference region 102, the second cold atom cloud A-
A2 throws the cold atom cloud of interference region 101 on being.
The example operation logic of the present apparatus and operating process are as follows：Alkali metal evaporate into from alkali metal shuttle 205
In atomic group preparation structure 104.Using Three-Dimensional Magnetic light trap structures as shown in Figure 4 cooling imprison can be carried out to atom.It is three-dimensional
Magneto-Optical Trap is made up of cooling laser L5, L6 and mother Huo Zi of anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches coil 207 of three pairs of air exercises.Three pairs of laser are orthogonal, three
Make decelerating atoms on individual direction；Anti- last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils 207 and cooling laser L5, L6 coordinate Trapping of Atoms at center, are formed
Cold atom cloud a0 during preparation.
Cool down downwards the frequency of laser L5 by atom using being reduced after three-dimensional Magneto-Optical Trap cooling imprison to enough atoms
Throw.For the first cold atom interference unit A, the upthrow initial velocity of control atom can be by the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and second
Predetermined height is thrown on cold atom cloud A-a2；Control upthrow interval can make the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the second cold atom cloud
A-a2 geo-stationaries in upthrow flight course.Such first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the second cold atom cloud A-a2 are relative to vertical
Doppler's off resonance of laser L1 is identical, it is possible to manipulate the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and second simultaneously with a branch of vertical laser L1
Cold atom cloud A-a2.For second and the 3rd cold atom interference unit B, C, it is only necessary to one the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 of upthrow or
The cold atom cloud C-a1 of person the 4th.First cold atom cloud A-a1 of the first cold atom interference unit A upthrows, the interference of the second cold atom are single
3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 of first B upthrows, the height of the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 of the 3rd cold atom interference unit C upthrows will be protected
Hold consistent.
Interference for vertical direction is, it is necessary in the vertical direction is carried out " state selection ".Enter in the first cold atom cloud A-a1
After lower section interference region 102, it is possible to use vertical laser L1 carries out energy level selection and the selection of speed to atom simultaneously, referred to as
" state selection ".Energy level selection includes the selection of the hyperfine structure energy level of atom and magnetic sublevel.Regulation laser frequency and vertical side
Resonated to the null magnon energy level of magnetic quantum number, they are chosen and by other atoms " blowing away "；Vertical direction
Magnetic quantum number be zero atom pair magnetic field it is insensitive, the influence in magnetic field can be reduced.Speed selection utilizes friction speed
Doppler's mismatching angle that atom relative atom manipulates laser L1 is different, the frequency of regulation Atomic Manipulation laser L1, intensity and continues
Time, select the atom of specific speed distribution.After speed selection the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of atom in the vertical direction can with narrower,
Be conducive to improving signal to noise ratio.
Interference for horizontal direction, it is necessary to carry out " state selection " in the horizontal direction." state selection " in horizontal direction with it is perpendicular
Nogata to " state selection " function phase it is same, method is similar to.Only difference is that " state selection " of horizontal direction will utilize horizontal direction
Laser is carried out.Carried out " state selection " using horizontal state selection laser L3 in this example system.
It is exactly interventional procedures after state selection.Interventional procedures are generally typical three pulses matter wave interference process.Atomic group
In atom be a kind of matter wave, make thing using the vertical laser L1 of the three beams of constant duration or three groups of horizontal laser light L2 pulses
Then the beam splitting of ripple bag, the reflection of matter ripple close beam and can just interfere phenomenon.For the interference of vertical direction, in vertical direction
After state selection is completed, the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the second cold atom cloud A-a2, the 3rd cold original are manipulated using the vertical laser L1 of three beams
Son group B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 complete interventional procedures simultaneously.In the interferometric phase that the interventional procedures of vertical direction are obtained,
Include the information of acceleration of gravity vertical component, g can be expressed asz.For the interference of horizontal direction, choosing in the horizontal direction
After state is completed, the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the 3rd cold atom cloud in same level are manipulated using three groups of horizontal laser light L2
B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 complete interventional procedures simultaneously.In the interferometric phase that the interventional procedures of horizontal direction are obtained, comprising
There is the information of acceleration of gravity horizontal component, g can be expressed asy。
After the completion of interventional procedures, atom freely falls to detecting area 103, at this moment can irradiate former using exploring laser light L4
Son, and using the Measurement atom fluorescence intensity of photodetector 203 so as to provide result of interference, show that four acceleration of gravity are vertical
Component gzOr three acceleration of gravity horizontal component gy.Any two gravity can be directly extracted using suitable method to add
The difference of velocity component.All five isolated components of gravity gradient tensor can be obtained by the difference of these components of acceleration.Gravity
The expression formula of gradient tensor component is followed successively by：
Wherein xACRepresent the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 distance along the x-axis direction；yABRepresent the
One cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 distance along the y-axis direction；zAARepresent the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and second
Cold atom cloud A-a2 distances along the z-axis direction.Represent the acceleration of gravity horizontal component that the first cold atom cloud A-a1 is measured
gy；Represent the acceleration of gravity horizontal component g that the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 is measuredy；Represent the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1
The acceleration of gravity horizontal component g for measuringy；Represent the acceleration of gravity vertical component g that the first cold atom cloud A-a1 is measuredz；Represent the acceleration of gravity vertical component g that the second cold atom cloud A-a2 is measuredz；Represent that the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 is surveyed
The acceleration of gravity vertical component g for arrivingz；Represent the acceleration of gravity vertical component g that the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 is measuredz。
It is general to require to vibrations noise because intervening atom gradiometry is measured by the difference of two components of acceleration
With laser phase noise there is common mode inhibition to act on.The system can be accomplished by the following way common mode inhibition.For laser phase
Position noise, three cold atom interference units A, B, the vertical laser L1 of C are by same laser by being introduced respectively by optical fiber after beam splitting
Three units；Similarly, three cold atom interference units A, B, the horizontal laser light L2 of C also derive from same light source.Made an uproar for vibrations
Sound, vertical direction, three vertical laser beam transmitters 201 are fixed on same rigid structure, and three laser mirrors 206 are fixed
On same rigid structure；Horizontal direction, three groups totally ten two horizontal laser beam transmitters 202 be fixed on same rigid structure
On.The principle of common mode inhibition is that the phase noise of same light source is identical, is fixed on the laser beam transmitter on same rigid structure
Shock conditions are identical, so they can be fallen by difference in difference measurement.
The present invention utilizes three cold atom interference units A, B, C cooperations, using laser steering multiple atomic group simultaneously
Interference is completed, the non-diagonal component of gravity gradient tensor can be measured using two difference of atomic group result of interferenceThere is no gravity gradient tensor non-diagonal component measurement device and side based on intervening atom method at present
Case, system of the present invention realizes the breakthrough of zero.The present invention utilizes three cold atom interference units A, B, C cooperations, profit
Interference is completed simultaneously with laser steering multiple atomic group.In one-shot measurement, system of the present invention can realize gravity gradient
Three components of tensor vertical directionWhile measurement or two components of horizontal direction 's
Measure simultaneously.Compared to single component of tensor intervening atom gravity gradiometer, the system has measuring speed higher.Profit of the invention
With three cold atom interference units A, B, C cooperations, interference is completed simultaneously using laser steering multiple atomic group.Alternately
Measurement both vertically as well as horizontally can show that whole five isolated components, the i.e. present invention of gravity gradient tensor can be measured
The full detail of gravity gradient tensor.
In sum, the full amount measuring system of this intervening atom gravity gradient tensor can measure the complete of gravity gradient tensor
Five, portion isolated component, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide more gravity field informations, it is all significant to the related field of gravity field survey.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor, it is characterised in that including：N array
The cold atom interference unit of formula arrangement, the cold atom interference unit includes：Vacuum cavity；The vacuum cavity includes upper interference
Area (101), lower interference region (102), detecting area (103) and atomic group preparation structure (104), the upper interference region (101) is one
Root slender type pipeline, and interference region (101) is provided with the glass window for introducing vertical laser L1 on described；It is described lower dry
It is the cavity of multiwindow to relate to area (102), and is provided with glass window to introduce horizontal laser light L2；The detecting area (103) is many
The cavity of window, and the window for providing passage for exploring laser light L4 and the fluorescence to be collected is installed；The atomic group
Preparation structure (104) for polyhedral structure and be provided with for for cooling laser L5, L6 and vertical laser L1 provide passage and
Cold atom cloud a0 when being prepared for monitoring provides the window of passage, wherein, n is the integer more than or equal to 2.
2. measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cold atom interference unit also includes：Vertical laser
Beam transmitter (201), horizontal laser beam transmitter (202), photodetector (203), vavuum pump (204), alkali metal sample hold
Device (205), laser mirror (206) and mother Huo Zi coils of the anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches (207)；
The vertical laser beam transmitter (201) expands device for cylindrical laser beam, is vertically right against interference region (101)
Top window, for laser to be drawn simultaneously outgoing from optical fiber；
The horizontal laser beam transmitter (202) expands device for cylindrical laser beam, is vertically right against lower interference region (102)
Side window, for laser to be drawn simultaneously outgoing from optical fiber；
The window that the photodetector (203) is directed at the detecting area (103) is installed, for collect atomic emissions fluorescence simultaneously
It is converted into electric signal；
The vavuum pump (204) connects with the atomic group preparation structure (104), the vacuum for maintaining the vacuum cavity
10-8Pa~10-7Pa；
The alkali metal shuttle (205) connects with the atomic group preparation structure (104), and inside fills alkali metal atom sample
Product, go out atomic gas and provide operation material for disperse；
The laser mirror (206) is placed perpendicular to vertical laser L1, for vertical laser L1 originals road to be reflected to form to penetrating
Laser so as to being operated to atom；
Anti- last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils (207) is on the atomic group preparation structure (104) and makes its diameter parallel in cold
But it is a branch of in laser L5, to produce magnetic field intensity zero point and magnetic field gradient at its center, so as to cooling laser L5, L6
Coordinate, the Trapping of Atoms at magnetic field zero.
3. measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the lower interference region (102) and detecting area (103) it
Between, be connected by titanium alloy pipeline between the detecting area (103) and the atomic group preparation structure (104).
4. measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal laser beam transmitter (202) includes：Four
Identical optical fiber beam expansion device, for outgoing horizontal laser light L2.
5. measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the photodetector (203) is photoelectric tube or light
Electric multiplier tube.
6. measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that anti-last of the twelve Earthly Branches mother Huo Zi coils (207) is passed through for two
The coil of reverse current.
7. the measuring system as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that when n is 3, three cold atom interference units
Arranged at a right angle in approximately the same plane.
8. measuring system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in three cold atom interference units, the first cold atom is done
Relate to the line of unit A and the 3rd cold atom interference unit C along the x-axis direction, the first cold atom interference unit A and the second cold atom are dry
Relate to the line of unit B along the y-axis direction；
In the vertical direction, the vertical laser L1 of three beams manipulates the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the second cold atom cloud A-a2, the 3rd cold original
Son group B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorComponent
Measure simultaneously；The difference of the result of interference between the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the second cold atom cloud A-a2 is givenMeasurement
As a result；Difference between first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 is givenFirst cold atom cloud A-a1 and
Difference between 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 is given
In the horizontal direction, the first cold atom cloud A-a1, the 3rd cold atom in three groups of horizontal laser light L2 manipulation same levels
Group B-a1, the 4th cold atom cloud C-a1 interfere simultaneously, in realizing gravity gradient tensorMeasured while component；
The difference of the first cold atom cloud A-a1 and the 3rd cold atom cloud B-a1 result of interference is givenFirst cold atom cloud A-a1 and
The difference of four cold atom cloud C-a1 result of interference is given
Wherein, x-y-z constitutes right hand rectangular coordinate system, and vertically, x or y is along thing or North and South direction for z-axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611217569.9A CN106842347B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611217569.9A CN106842347B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106842347A true CN106842347A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106842347B CN106842347B (en) | 2018-09-04 |
Family
ID=59136580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611217569.9A Active CN106842347B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106842347B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108897057A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江大学 | The full tensor gradiometry method and gravity gradiometer to be suspended based on luminous power |
| CN109708674A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所 | A kind of cold atom cloud control method that quickly sunken prisoner and high frequency are cast in opposite directions |
| CN111610571A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | System and method for monitoring and compensating dynamic errors of atomic interference gravimeter |
| CN111781654A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Multi-component cold atom gravity gradient measurement system and method |
| CN112014777A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Space magnetic gradient tensor measurement system based on optical fiber magnetic field sensor and working method thereof |
| CN112729355A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Method for calibrating Raman light incidence angle suitable for atomic interferometer |
| CN112833879A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Six-axis inertia measuring device based on cold atom interference technology |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103076640A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-05-01 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Method for inverting earth gravitational field by using variance-covariance diagonal tensor principle |
| CN103472494A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Sensor and method for measuring gravitational potential three-order differential quotient based on atom interference effect |
| CN203519846U (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Vertical gravity gradient measurement sensor based on atomic interference effects |
| US9134450B2 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-09-15 | Muquans | Cold atom gravity gradiometer |
| CN105738962A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉天琴引力科技有限公司 | Full-tensor gravity gradient measurement device and method |
| CN206369817U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-01 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor |
-
2016
- 2016-12-26 CN CN201611217569.9A patent/CN106842347B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9134450B2 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-09-15 | Muquans | Cold atom gravity gradiometer |
| CN103076640A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-05-01 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Method for inverting earth gravitational field by using variance-covariance diagonal tensor principle |
| CN203519846U (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Vertical gravity gradient measurement sensor based on atomic interference effects |
| CN103472494A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Sensor and method for measuring gravitational potential three-order differential quotient based on atom interference effect |
| CN105738962A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉天琴引力科技有限公司 | Full-tensor gravity gradient measurement device and method |
| CN206369817U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-01 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ZHONG-KUN HU ETL.: "High Sensitivity Gravity Measurement swith Cold Atom Interferometry", 《2014 OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA》 * |
| 吴琼: "世界重力梯度仪的研究现状", 《物探与化探》 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108897057A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江大学 | The full tensor gradiometry method and gravity gradiometer to be suspended based on luminous power |
| CN109708674A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所 | A kind of cold atom cloud control method that quickly sunken prisoner and high frequency are cast in opposite directions |
| CN109708674B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-05-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所 | Control method for rapid cold radical trapping and high-frequency opposite-direction ejection |
| CN111610571A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | System and method for monitoring and compensating dynamic errors of atomic interference gravimeter |
| CN111610571B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-12-25 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | System and method for monitoring and compensating dynamic errors of atomic interference gravimeter |
| CN111781654A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Multi-component cold atom gravity gradient measurement system and method |
| CN112014777A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Space magnetic gradient tensor measurement system based on optical fiber magnetic field sensor and working method thereof |
| CN112729355A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Method for calibrating Raman light incidence angle suitable for atomic interferometer |
| CN112729355B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-03-17 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Method for calibrating Raman light incident angle suitable for atomic interferometer |
| CN112833879A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Six-axis inertia measuring device based on cold atom interference technology |
| CN112833879B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Six-axis inertia measuring device based on cold atom interference technology |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106842347B (en) | 2018-09-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106842347B (en) | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor | |
| Geiger et al. | High-accuracy inertial measurements with cold-atom sensors | |
| CN103472494B (en) | Based on gravity potential three rank difference quotient survey sensor and the method thereof of intervening atom effect | |
| Canuel et al. | Exploring gravity with the MIGA large scale atom interferometer | |
| CN106772652B (en) | A kind of intervening atom gravity measuring device based on double substance wave sources | |
| de Angelis et al. | Precision gravimetry with atomic sensors | |
| Schmidt et al. | A mobile high-precision absolute gravimeter based on atom interferometry | |
| CN103837904B (en) | Based on combination inertial sensor and the measuring method thereof of many constituent atoms interferometer | |
| CN103472495B (en) | Based on the vertical gradiometry sensor of intervening atom effect | |
| CN106959473A (en) | A kind of removable cold atom absolute gravity acceleration transducer | |
| CN206531978U (en) | A kind of intervening atom gravity measuring device based on double material wave sources | |
| CN104007480B (en) | Horizontal gravity gradient based on cold atomic beam interferometer measures sensor | |
| Barrett et al. | Mobile and remote inertial sensing with atom interferometers | |
| US10107937B2 (en) | Gradiometer configuration invariant to laser phase noise and sensor rotations | |
| US11269111B2 (en) | Gravity gradiometer | |
| CN203519846U (en) | Vertical gravity gradient measurement sensor based on atomic interference effects | |
| CN206369817U (en) | A kind of measuring system of the full component of array intervening atom gravity gradient tensor | |
| CN203881958U (en) | Level gravity gradient measurement sensor based on cold atomic beam interferometer | |
| CN203480055U (en) | Geopotential third-order derivative measuring transducer based on atom interference effect | |
| CN108169804A (en) | Atomic interference gravity gradient measurement method and device based on two-dimensional cross grating and similar pyramid structure | |
| Canuel et al. | MIGA: combining laser and matter wave interferometry for mass distribution monitoring and advanced geodesy | |
| CN105674972A (en) | Miniature combined uniaxial cold atom inertial sensor and measuring method thereof | |
| Hughes et al. | New physics and astronomy with the new gravitational-wave observatories | |
| Canuel et al. | Technologies for the ELGAR large scale atom interferometer array | |
| Shimoda et al. | Early earthquake detection capabilities of different types of future-generation gravity gradiometers |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |