CN106832306A - 一种聚硅氧烷及其制备体系和聚硅氧烷‑聚氨酯‑二氧化钛混合涂料和该涂料的应用 - Google Patents
一种聚硅氧烷及其制备体系和聚硅氧烷‑聚氨酯‑二氧化钛混合涂料和该涂料的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及户外用织物功能化制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种聚硅氧烷及其制备体系和聚硅氧烷‑聚氨酯‑二氧化钛混合涂料和该涂料的应用。本发明采用低廉的聚硅氧烷、聚氨酯粘合剂、二氧化钛粉末制备得到了一种具有自清洁、抗紫外、超疏水性能的多功能涂层。将多功能涂层通过简单工艺涂覆到混纺经编布上就可以得到多功能的户外用织物。该产品可利用二氧化钛吸收紫外线的能力,可以大幅降解织物表面的有机污染物,同时以聚硅氧烷为主要成分的涂层并不会被二氧化钛光降解,织物的耐老化牢度有很好的保证。自身又具有超疏水功能,可以有效屏蔽户外大量的液滴水。采用原料成本较低、工艺简单、技术改造难度小,适宜工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及户外用织物功能化制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种聚硅氧烷及其制备体系和聚硅氧烷-聚氨酯-二氧化钛混合涂料和该涂料的应用。
背景技术
随着经济发展,城市中的人们对于户外生活及运动的需求不断上涨,户外用品得到了越来越多的重视。人们最喜欢的户外活动场所多为湖、溪畔、空旷的山林等地,这些户外环境与城市生活最大的差别就在于高强度的日晒、相对潮湿的水环境及许多有机漂浮物。阳光中含有大量的紫外线,长期曝晒对人体皮肤及其他器官会造成严重伤害,而过于潮湿的环境也会使得人们感到不便,过多的有机漂浮物会很容易弄脏旅人帐篷布的表面。因此人们对户外用织物的疏水性、抗紫外、自清洁性能有了最新的要求。
现有的大量生产技术大多只能解决上述部分问题,如申请公开号为CN106012568A的发明专利就提供了一种利用氧化锌作为涂层填料的制备抗紫外帐篷布的制备方法;申请公开号为CN105128434A的发明专利提供了一种防火阻燃帐篷布的制备方法。
发明内容
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明的第一个目的是合成一种具有一定交联程度和粘结牢度的聚硅氧烷,本发明的第二个目的是提供一种制备上述聚硅氧烷的反应体系,本发明的第三个目的是提供一种户外用织物涂覆涂料,本发明的第四个目的是提供一种户外用织物涂层,本发明的第五个目的是提供一种户外用织物,本发明的第六个目的是提供一种户外用织物的制备方法。
为实现上述的第一个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种聚硅氧烷,该聚硅氧烷由端乙烯基硅油分子式两端的双键与含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷分子中的硅氢键发生硅氢加成反应形成网状交联结构制得;所述的端乙烯基硅油分子式如下:
;
所述的含氢二甲基硅氧烷分子式如下:
;
所述的l=500~1000,m=10~50,n=200~8000,优选,所述的l=800~900,m=20~25,n=500~680。
为了实现上述的第二个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种制备上述的聚硅氧烷的组合物体系,该组合物体系按质量百分比计由以下的组分构成:
组分A为端乙烯基硅油 75~90%,
组分B为含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷 9~23%,
组分C为Karstedt催化剂 1~2%;
所述的端乙烯基硅油分子式如下:
;
所述的含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷如下:
;
所述的l=500~1000,m=10~50,n=200~800,优选,所述的l=800~900,m=20~25,n=500~680。
作为优选,该组合物体系按质量百分比计由以下的组分构成:
组分A为端乙烯基硅油 80~84%,
组分B为含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷 16~20%,
催化剂C为Karstedt催化剂 1~1.5%。
本发明端乙烯基硅油分子式两端的双键可在合适条件下打开,从而可与含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷分子中的硅氢键发生硅氢加成反应。优选选择分子中含有800~900个重复单元二甲基硅酮的端乙烯基硅油,分子量大于此范围,则硅油在成膜溶剂中分散和溶解较难较慢,不利生产。分子量小于此范围,硅氢加成反应过于剧烈,体系稳定性及最终复合膜的品质均会变差。
含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷分子式重复单元由甲基硅酮和二甲基硅酮两种组成。其中的每个甲基硅酮单元中都含有一个硅氢键,这个活泼基团可加成到不饱和烯烃中,从而可与端乙烯基硅油发生硅氢加成反应。优选含氢硅油分子中甲基硅酮单元的数量20~25(即m=20~25),优选二甲基硅酮单元数量为500~680。在此情况下,体系反应过程较稳定、涂层性能稳定。
为了实现上述的第三个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种户外用织物涂覆涂料,该涂覆涂料按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
上述的组合物体系 30~50%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 10~50%,
二氧化钛 20~40%。
作为优选,该涂覆涂料按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
上述的组合物体系 33~45%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 20~40%,
二氧化钛 25~35%。
作为优选,所述的聚氨酯类粘合剂由乙烯基聚氨酯乳液、封闭型聚氨酯乳液按6.5~8.5:3.5~1.5质量比例混合。聚氨酯类粘合剂在混合涂料中的作用是提升涂料的粘结力,常规条件下,乙烯基聚氨酯乳液的粘结力要比封闭型聚氨酯乳液强,所以聚氨酯粘合剂以乙烯基聚氨酯乳液为主,但考虑到不同织物的表面特性,可根据需求进行改变。
所用二氧化钛为目前市面上常用的粉末TiO2,优选为德固赛公司的P25型TiO2粉末。这种二氧化钛具有良好的抗紫外性能和光催化性能。选择较高的二氧化钛含量是为了通过在涂层表层形成TiO2粉末团聚体的微纳结构,提高所制涂层的粗糙程度,进而结合聚硅氧烷的低表面能,提高涂层及其整理面料的拒水拒油性能。
为了实现上述的第四个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种户外用织物涂层,该织物涂层按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
上述的聚硅氧烷 35~40%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 10~30%,
二氧化钛 25~35%。
作为优选,该织物涂层按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
权利要求1所述的聚硅氧烷 36~37%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 20~30%,
二氧化钛 25~30%。
为了实现上述的第五个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种户外用织物,该户外织物的织物基体由涤纶、氨纶、棉纤维混纺而成,织物基体涂覆有上述的织物涂层,涂层厚度0.8~1.5mm。涂层厚度大于1.5mm会严重影响整个织物的手感和透气性,难以符合使用要求,而低于0.8mm则涂层含量太少,难以发挥应有的各种效果。
作为优选,所述的织物基体各组分的质量百分比为:
涤纶:70~80%,
氨纶: 5~20%,
棉纤维: 5~10%。
作为再优选,所述的织物基体各组分的质量百分比为:
涤纶: 73~75%,
氨纶: 10~15%,
棉纤维: 7~10%。
为了实现上述的第六个目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种上述的户外用织物的方法,该方法采用所述的户外用织物涂覆涂料,该方法包括以下的步骤:
(1)组分A与组分B混合均匀后,加入组分C,室温下进行硅氢加成反应0.5~1.0h,之后快速加入二氧化钛粉体搅拌,最后加入聚氨酯类粘合剂,快速搅拌后,涂层浆料均匀涂覆在织物基体上;
(2)将涂覆好的织物在一定温度下烘干一段时间,等待涂层凝固,烘干温度为70~80℃,烘干时间为1~3h。
烘干温度大于80℃易使得水分挥发太快,涂层难以均一稳定地附着在织物基体表面,而低于70℃则水分挥发太慢,不利于节约时间和能源。
本发明由于采用了上述的技术方案,涂层涂覆在织物表面后会形成一种特殊微纳结构,二氧化钛形成的团聚体结合聚硅氧烷的低表面能使涂层具有了超疏水功能,可以有效屏蔽户外大量的液滴水;利用二氧化钛吸收紫外线的能力,可以大幅提高织物的紫外屏蔽作用,利用二氧化钛的光催化能力,可有效降解织物表面的有机污染物,同时以高耐候性聚硅氧烷为主要成分的涂层对二氧化钛光降解具有较强的耐受性,织物的牢度有较好的保证。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.本发明所述户外织物布具有抗紫外、自清洁功能。利用二氧化钛吸收紫外线的能力,可以大幅提高织物的紫外屏蔽作用,利用二氧化钛的光催化能力,可有效降解织物表面的有机污染物,同时以高耐候性聚硅氧烷为主要成分的涂层对二氧化钛光降解具有较强的耐受性,织物的牢度有较好的保证;
2.本发明所述户外织物布利用在织物布表面构造有效的微纳结构,并结合聚硅氧烷的低表面能特点,可方便地使涂层具有超疏水功能,可以有效屏蔽户外大量的液滴水;
3、本发明所述户外织物布优选的织物基体不仅具有较高的机械强度,同时也具有较好的透气性和手感;
4.本发明采用原料成本较低、工艺简单、技术改造难度小,适宜工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明聚硅氧烷制备的反应图。图中所述的l=500~1000,m=10~50,n=200~800,x=0~50 ,优选,所述的l=800~900,m=20~25,n=500~680,x=8~25 。
具体实施方式
1、织物基体具体按表1配方进行机织
表1
2、功能涂层按表2配方进行配制
表2
功能涂层按表2配方进行配制,然后涂覆到表1制备的织物。将涂覆好的织物在一定温度下烘干一段时间,等待涂层凝固,所涂覆的涂层厚度0.8~1.5mm。将所得织物进行水接触角测试、UPF值测试、光催化实验测试。
光催化实验条件:实验在日光下进行,实验条件为晴天,日光充足,日照时间为早上10点开始,48h后结束,进行染液测试。染料为罗丹明B,浓度为20ppm,体积为50mL。户外织物的质量为5g。
水接触角实验其降解效果、UPF值和水接触角测试结果如表3所示。
测试结果:
表3
。
Claims (13)
1.一种聚硅氧烷,其特征在于该聚硅氧烷由端乙烯基硅油分子式两端的双键与含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷分子中的硅氢键发生硅氢加成反应形成网状交联结构制得;所述的端乙烯基硅油分子式如下:
;
所述的含氢二甲基硅氧烷分子式如下:
;
所述的l=500~1000,m=10~50,n=200~8000,优选,所述的l=800~900,m=20~25,n=500~680。
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的聚硅氧烷的组合物体系,其特征在于该组合物体系按质量百分比计由以下的组分构成:
组分A为端乙烯基硅油 75~90%,
组分B为含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷 9~23%,
组分C为Karstedt催化剂 1~2%;
所述的端乙烯基硅油分子式如下:
;
所述的含氢二甲基硅氧烷分子式如下:
;
所述的l=500~1000,m=10~50,n=200~8000,优选,所述的l=800~900,m=20~25,n=500~680。
3.一种制备权利要求1所述的聚硅氧烷的组合物体系,其特征在于该组合物体系按质量百分比计由以下的组分构成:
组分A为端乙烯基硅油 80~84%,
组分B为含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷 16~20%,
催化剂C为Karstedt催化剂 1~1.5%。
4.一种户外用织物涂覆涂料,其特征在于该涂覆涂料按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
权利要求2或3所述的组合物体系 30~50%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 10~50%,
二氧化钛 20~40%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的户外用织物涂覆涂料,其特征在于该涂覆涂料按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
权利要求2或3所述的组合物体系 33~45%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 20~40%,
二氧化钛 25~35%。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的户外用织物涂覆涂料,其特征在于:聚氨酯类粘合剂由乙烯基聚氨酯乳液、封闭型聚氨酯乳液按6.5~8.5:3.5~1.5质量比例混合。
7.一种户外用织物涂层,其特征在于该织物涂层按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
权利要求1所述的聚硅氧烷 35~40%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 10~30%,
二氧化钛 25~35%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种户外用织物涂层,其特征在于该织物涂层按质量百分比计包括以下的组分:
权利要求1所述的聚硅氧烷 36~37%,
聚氨酯类粘合剂 20~30%,
二氧化钛 25~30%。
9.一种户外用织物,该户外织物的织物基体由涤纶、氨纶、棉纤维混纺而成,其特征在于织物基体涂覆有权利要求7或8所述的织物涂层,涂层厚度0.8~1.5mm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种户外用织物,其特征在于织物基体各组分的质量百分比为:
涤纶:70~80%,
氨纶: 5~20%,
棉纤维: 5~10%。
11.根据权利要求1所述的一种户外用织物,其特征在于织物基体各组分的质量百分比为:
涤纶: 73~75%,
氨纶: 10~15%,
棉纤维: 7~10%。
12.一种制备权利要求10或11所述的户外用织物的方法,其特征在于该方法采用权利要求4或5或6所述的户外用织物涂覆涂料,该方法包括以下的步骤:
(1)组分A与组分B混合均匀后,加入组分C,室温下进行硅氧加成反应0.5~1.0h,之后快速加入二氧化钛粉体搅拌,最后加入聚氨酯类粘合剂,快速搅拌后,涂层浆料均匀涂覆在织物基体上;
(2)将涂覆好的织物在一定温度下烘干一段时间,等待涂层凝固,烘干温度为70~80℃,烘干时间为1~3h。
13.一种户外服装,其特征在于该服装由权利要求10或11所述的户外用织物制得。
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