CN106813540A - The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state - Google Patents
The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106813540A CN106813540A CN201710034988.7A CN201710034988A CN106813540A CN 106813540 A CN106813540 A CN 106813540A CN 201710034988 A CN201710034988 A CN 201710034988A CN 106813540 A CN106813540 A CN 106813540A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- low temperature
- temperature state
- ultra low
- rock section
- borehole
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting, comprises the following steps under a kind of ultra low temperature state：(1) borehole is set in freezing basement rock section drilling, the borehole includes three kinds, respectively snubber, reliever, periphery hole, by the way of concentric circles burn cut, and positioned at innermost circle, the periphery hole is located at the outmost turns of borehole to the snubber, the reliever is located between snubber and periphery hole, the reliever sets multi-turn, during perforating, finally beats periphery hole；(2) to borehole blasting charge, powder stick first is installed to periphery hole.The advantage of the method is：The effect of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting can be greatly improved under ultra low temperature state, operating efficiency is improved, and can prevent ponding from entering in borehole to a certain degree, influence powder charge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of side of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under blasting method, more particularly to ultra low temperature state
Method.
Background technology
To realize that pit shaft safely and fast digs block, pit shaft is constructed using " bet of freezing " method, i.e. table soil section is applied using freezing process
Work, rock section uses pre grouting from the surface water shutoff, and this processing mode there is freezing basement rock section.And to the explosion of freezing basement rock section
There is efficiency again.
In order to ensure that the huge thick strong expanded clay freezing strength of pit shaft meets safe construction requirement, the pit shaft freezing time is more long,
And start number of units is more, causes pit shaft freezing rock section Care in method ultralow.Under low temperature environment, the easy ponding knot of eye for having broken into
Ice, causes powder stick to fill not on earth, or even dress is not entered, and is met head in pan bottom shape, well side after having a strong impact on charging quality, and explosion
Portion is concavo-convex uneven, and artificial brushing workload is big.Secondly, the sensitivity of explosive is reduced with the reduction of temperature, causes low-temperature condition
Under, the common freeze proof explosive for using can not all detonate, and blasting efficiency is poor, and drilling depth is few.Also occurred in work progress simultaneously
Miss-fire phenomenon, potential safety hazard is big.
And it is cold to -30 DEG C of environment of Freezing Station to be that the freeze proof explosive of three-level glue is put in the explosive that common explosion is used
Freeze, taken out after 24h, it is found that powder stick is hardened, while being scratched explosive with knife, find there is tiny crystal to separate out in explosive, by this
A little tiny crystal are chemically examined, and learn the crystal for ammonium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate is the oxidant of aqueous gels.It is ultralow through analysis
Freezing basement rock section blasting efficiency is low under temperature state, and drilling depth is few, or even the main cause for occurring miss-firing is glue at low ambient temperatures
Explosive is hydrogel material, and ammonium nitrate is again supersaturated solution in water, and with the reduction of temperature, the solubility of ammonium nitrate is drastically
Decline, there are substantial amounts of ammonium nitrate crystals to separate out in aqueous gels, the ammonium nitrate of precipitation is in pin column, and interlaced obstruction is mutually moved
It is dynamic, the flowing plasticity of explosive is reduced, and its sensitivity and power are significantly reduced, demolition effect is influenceed, or even miss-fire.
Occurred two kinds of misfire conditions in work progress：One is that detonator all explodes, and explosive is not detonated；Two is one
Part detonator and explosive all detonate, and remaining detonator and explosive all do not detonate.
So needing to solve the problems, such as the formulation challenges of the blasting efficiency of explosive and explosive, also have in borehole under low-temperature condition
The effect problem of the easy icing effect explosive of ponding.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the blow-up rate problem of explosive and the formulation challenges of explosive, also low temperature
There is the effect problem of the easy icing effect explosive of ponding under state in borehole, therefore vertical under a kind of ultra low temperature state is provided herein
The method of freezing basement rock section deep hole blasting.
A kind of method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) borehole is set in freezing basement rock section drilling, the borehole includes three kinds, respectively snubber, reliever, periphery
Eye, by the way of concentric circles burn cut, and positioned at innermost circle, the periphery hole is located at the outermost of borehole to the snubber
Circle, the reliever is located between snubber and periphery hole, and the reliever sets multi-turn during perforating, finally beats periphery
Eye；
(2) to borehole blasting charge, demolition set and explosive first are installed to periphery hole.
Optimization, snubber is than reliever depth 200mm in the step (1).
Optimization, snubber eye spacing is 750-950mm in the step (1), and the eye spacing of the reliever is 679-
850mm, the eye spacing of the periphery hole is 500-600mm.
Optimization, snubber is 4-8 in the step (1), every 8-12 volumes of powder charge, and the reliever is 60-90,
Every 4-8 volumes of powder charge, the periphery hole is 35-45, every 2-6 volumes of powder charge.
Optimization, in the step (2) explosive will in the common freeze proof explosive of three-level glue add antifreeze formamide and
Surfactant lauryl amine.
Optimization, the demolition set is primacord.
Optimization, the primacord is outer layer cotton thread or linen thread material looping with hexogen or Tai'an as medicine core, described
Primacord explosion velocity is in more than 6500m/s.
Optimization, the borehole depth is 3-5m.
Optimization, demolition set also includes adhesive tape, detonator, detonator wire, and explosive is outer to be packed with leather hose, and primacord passes through glue
Band is fixed on the outward flange of detonator, and detonator wire is drawn from detonator, explosive is arranged in leather hose, and primacord, detonator are set
In explosive, detonator wire is drawn from leather hose.
Optimization, after step (1), interim shuting is installed in pit shaft hanging scaffold position, borehole wall water drenching is caused into interim cutting
In tank.
The advantage of the invention is that：
(1) first beat periphery hole during perforating in the present invention, but first fill the explosive of periphery hole, can so shorten ponding in big gun
The cooling time of intraocular, and interim shuting is installed in pit shaft hanging scaffold position, borehole wall water drenching is caused in the water tank on hanging scaffold,
Reduction is met head on ponding.
(2) present invention is when the eye spacing that borehole is controlled in strict accordance with design requirement, especially periphery hole eye spacing, and controls
Quasi- borehole depth, eyeground all falls within same level, the method increase perforating quality so that it is guaranteed that side portion's Shaping by blast is good, base plate
It is smooth.
(3) water is improved by adding antifreeze formamide and surfactant lauryl amine in aqueous gels in the present invention
The anti-freezing property of glue explosive, and make it remain good elastoplasticity, meets Shaft Freezing rock section under ultra low temperature state
Explosion is used.
(4) primacord has that explosion velocity is high, initiating ability is strong, water-fast and freexing tolerance energy in the present invention, and its explosion velocity exists
More than 6500m/s, and 2h is freezed under the conditions of -40 DEG C, proper detonation is remained to, from the method for fuse arming test experiment initiation, thoroughly solve
The problem that detonator and explosive miss-fire under ultra low temperature state.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the freezing basement rock section borehole of the method for Shaft Freezing basic unit section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state of the present invention
Layout drawing.
Fig. 2 is that the installation of the primacord of the method for Shaft Freezing basic unit section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state in the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is under ultra low temperature state of the present invention before and after the blasting technology optimization of the method for Shaft Freezing basic unit section deep hole blasting
Blast hole utilization factor comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting, comprises the following steps under a kind of ultra low temperature state：
(1) borehole is set in freezing basement rock section drilling, borehole includes three kinds, respectively snubber, reliever, periphery hole,
By the way of concentric circles burn cut, and positioned at innermost circle, periphery hole is located at the outmost turns of borehole to snubber, and reliever is located at
Between snubber and periphery hole, reliever sets multi-turn during perforating, finally beats periphery hole.
(2) to borehole blasting charge, demolition set and explosive first are installed to periphery hole.Freezed in borehole so as to shorten ponding
Time.
Than reliever depth 200mm, borehole depth is 3-5m to snubber, and snubber eye spacing is 750- in step (1)
950mm, the eye spacing of the reliever is 679-850mm, and the eye spacing of the periphery hole is 500-600mm.Snubber is 4-8
Individual, every 8-12 volumes of powder charge, the reliever is 60-90, every 4-8 volumes of powder charge, and the periphery hole is 35-45, every
2-6 volumes of powder charge.
In more detail, as shown in figure 1, borehole depth is 5m in step (1), snubber is than reliever depth 200mm.Slotting
Eye is six of 6, i.e. innermost circle, and eye spacing is 850mm, every powder charge volume 10.Reliever is 81, i.e. innermost circle and outermost
81 between circle, eye spacing is 679-850mm, every 4-8 volumes of powder charge.Periphery hole is 42 of 42, i.e. outmost turns, periphery
The eye spacing of eye is 544mm, every powder charge volume 4.Powder charge 488.6kg, it is appropriate to adjust according to variation of lithological during Specific construction
It is whole.The eye spacing of borehole is controlled in strict accordance with above-mentioned design requirement, especially the eye spacing of periphery hole, and control quasi- borehole depth
Fall same level in degree, eyeground, it is ensured that side portion's explosive forming is good, and base plate is smooth.
Optimization, explosive will add antifreeze formamide and surface in step (2) in the common freeze proof explosive of three-level glue
Activating agent lauryl amine.The anti-freezing property of aqueous gels is improved, and it is remained good elastoplasticity, meet ultra low temperature state
The explosion of lower Shaft Freezing rock section is used.
As shown in Fig. 2 demolition set is primacord.Demolition set also includes adhesive tape 3, detonator 4, detonator wire 5, outside explosive
Packed with leather hose 6, primacord 1 is fixed on the outward flange of detonator 4 by adhesive tape 3, and detonator wire 5 is drawn from detonator 4, by explosive
2 are arranged in leather hose 6, and primacord 1, detonator 3 are arranged in explosive 2, and detonator wire 5 is drawn from leather hose 6.Primacord is with black
Suo Jin or Tai'an are medicine core, outer layer cotton thread or linen thread material looping, and primacord explosion velocity is in more than 6500m/s.Primacord 1 has
Have that explosion velocity is high, initiating ability is strong, water-fast and freexing tolerance energy, and 2h is freezed under the conditions of -40 DEG C, remain to proper detonation.From
Primacord 1 detonates method, thoroughly solves the problem that detonator 4 and explosive 2 under ultra low temperature state miss-fire.
Optimization, by same Radius justify on each demolition set exposed hole outside detonator wire 5 be coupled together, and
One end connection 6m copper core millisecond delay electric detonators of detonator wire 5.380v exchanges electric initiating, short-delay blasting.
Before step (1), top strongly weathered sand-rock uses 1 HZ-6 center steering grab loader, is equipped with mini-excavator
Driving, artificial pneumatic pick brushing driving, after shaft excavation enters middle and lower part weak weathered stratum, when pneumatic pick pneumatic shovel excavates difficult, adopts
Take drill bursting construction.Drill bursting construction in step (1), using SJZ-6.10 type umbrella drilling rigs, with 6 YGZ-70 type independences
Rotary rock drill, uses the hollow hexagonal drilling rods of B25 × 5500mm and the cross alloy tool steel bit jewel holes of Φ 55mm.It is same after explosion
Cash is filled using 1 HZ-6 type center steerings grab loader, with PC-60 excavators, artificial net bottom brushing, two sets of single-hoistings, 3.8m
Integrated hydraulic metal form high builds wall, bottom discharge bucket decentralization concrete.
After step (1), interim shuting can also be installed in pit shaft hanging scaffold position, borehole wall water drenching is caused into interim shuting
It is interior, so as to reduce ponding of meeting head on.
As shown in figure 3, can be seen that the method significantly improves Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting by many experiments
The utilization rate of middle explosive.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is these are only, creation is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of creation etc., should be included in the guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. under a kind of ultra low temperature state Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) borehole is set in freezing basement rock section drilling, the borehole includes three kinds, respectively snubber, reliever, periphery hole,
By the way of concentric circles burn cut, and positioned at innermost circle, the periphery hole is located at the outmost turns of borehole, institute to the snubber
State reliever to be located between snubber and periphery hole, the reliever sets multi-turn during perforating, finally beats periphery hole；
(2) to borehole blasting charge, powder stick first is installed to periphery hole.
2. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
Snubber is than reliever depth 200mm in the step (1).
3. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
Snubber eye spacing is 750-950mm in the step (1), and the eye spacing of the reliever is 679-850mm, the periphery hole
Eye spacing be 500-600mm.
4. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
Snubber is 4-8 in the step (1), every 8-12 volumes of powder charge, and the reliever is 60-90, every 4-8 volumes of powder charge,
The periphery hole is 35-45, every 2-6 volumes of powder charge.
5. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
Explosive will add antifreeze formamide and surfactant 12 in the step (2) in the common freeze proof explosive of three-level glue
Amine.
6. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
The demolition set is primacord.
7. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 6 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
The primacord is outer layer cotton thread or linen thread material looping with hexogen or Tai'an as medicine core, and the primacord explosion velocity exists
More than 6500m/s.
8. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
The borehole depth is 3-5m.
9. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 6 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, it is characterised in that
Demolition set also includes adhesive tape, detonator, detonator wire, and detonator is held together with primacord by adhesive tape, then integrally fills in it
Enter in primer [cartridge], be connected with bus finally by detonator wire.
10. under ultra low temperature state according to claim 1 Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting method, its feature exists
In, after step (1), interim shuting is installed in pit shaft hanging scaffold position, borehole wall water drenching is caused in interim shuting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710034988.7A CN106813540A (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710034988.7A CN106813540A (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state |
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| CN106813540A true CN106813540A (en) | 2017-06-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710034988.7A Pending CN106813540A (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The method of Shaft Freezing rock section deep hole blasting under ultra low temperature state |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107976128A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-01 | 林继承 | A kind of severe cold geology detonator blasting device |
| CN112197657A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-08 | 河南理工大学 | Deep-thickness punching layer large-diameter vertical shaft frozen soil blasting construction method |
| CN115854804A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-28 | 河北省矾山磷矿有限公司 | Quasi-smooth blasting method for tunneling engineering |
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| JP2000213900A (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-08-02 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Blasting method |
| CN105043177A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Rock block cracking method and device |
| CN105737700A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Pot bottom shaped deep hole smooth bottom smooth blasting construction method applicable to vertical shaft |
| CN105823387A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-08-03 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Rapid construction method for deep hole blasting of vertical shaft frozen bedrock |
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2017
- 2017-01-18 CN CN201710034988.7A patent/CN106813540A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000213900A (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-08-02 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Blasting method |
| CN105043177A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Rock block cracking method and device |
| CN105737700A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Pot bottom shaped deep hole smooth bottom smooth blasting construction method applicable to vertical shaft |
| CN105823387A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-08-03 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Rapid construction method for deep hole blasting of vertical shaft frozen bedrock |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107976128A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-01 | 林继承 | A kind of severe cold geology detonator blasting device |
| CN112197657A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-08 | 河南理工大学 | Deep-thickness punching layer large-diameter vertical shaft frozen soil blasting construction method |
| CN112197657B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-09-21 | 河南理工大学 | Deep-thickness punching layer large-diameter vertical shaft frozen soil blasting construction method |
| CN115854804A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-28 | 河北省矾山磷矿有限公司 | Quasi-smooth blasting method for tunneling engineering |
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