CN106719182A - Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device - Google Patents
Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719182A CN106719182A CN201611113517.7A CN201611113517A CN106719182A CN 106719182 A CN106719182 A CN 106719182A CN 201611113517 A CN201611113517 A CN 201611113517A CN 106719182 A CN106719182 A CN 106719182A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of shellfish culture, and in particular to a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device.The present invention breaks through traditional Patinopecten yessoensis buoyant raft, bottom sowing culture thinking limitation, shackle culture pattern is changed into the cultivation of subsea level frame-type from extra large top layer suspended longline farming, cultivation is changed using water layer, and effectively reduction top layer cultivation attachment is more, Summer mortality rate phenomenon high；Supported as cultivation by the use of metal framework, it is replaceable after assembling is flexible, convenient disassembly, and component is damaged, material storage place is saved, reduce aquaculture cost；Bottom culture framework fixed point is carried out with breeding ship to lay, reclaiming ship carries out assigned spot recovery, realization precisely lays, and precisely fishes for, while avoiding scallop bottom sowing culture sea area utilization rate low, the end of the year long broadcasts trawlnet, the problems such as environments such as subsea destruction is serious, and cultivation stability raising, develop Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture new model, industrialization, intensive, three-dimensional culture are realized, cultivation efficiency is improve.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of shellfish culture, and in particular to a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device
Research and development and application.
Background technology
Patinopecten yessoensis (Patinopecten yessoensis) the cold aqueous shellfish of category, Hokkaido, Japan marine site is originated in, be
One of culturing economic shellfish important in the world.LiaoNing, China, Along The Coast of Shandong Province are introduced from early 1980s, by nearly 30 years
Cultivation, Patinopecten yessoensis artificial breeding and cultural technique mature, as the coastal main cultivated shellfish of northern China
One of.Dalian Changhai County, Patinopecten yessoensis cultured area is 180 mu within 1985, underproduces 200 tons；Through nearly 30 years or so
Development, cut-off cultured area in 2014 reaches more than 600 ten thousand mu, about 220,000 tons of yield.
Due to cultivation scale overdistension, breeding environment is continually changing, and the development of Patinopecten yessoensis aquaculture industry faces some and asks
Topic.Especially over nearly 10 years, continuously there is massive mortality phenomenon, average mortality in suspended longline farming two ages Patinopecten yessoensis in Changhai County
Up to 70 ~ 80%, Patinopecten yessoensis suspended longline farming area is reduced to more than 10 ten thousand mu by more than 40 ten thousand mu of the period of great prosperity, and scale seriously contracts
Subtract, Patinopecten yessoensis aquaculture industry is inflicted heavy losses on, economic loss is up to 200,000,000 yuan every year on average；And large-scale bottom is broadcast propagation and is also made
Environments such as subsea heavy damage, fishes efficiency low.Traditional buoyant raft and bottom broadcasts propagation Patinopecten yessoensis breeding way and has a strong impact on society
Economic benefit and fisherfolk income.Therefore, a kind of new model for being suitable for Patinopecten yessoensis cultivation is studied as the need for industry development.
Be combined for detachable cage and scallop shackle culture mode by the present invention, carries out scallop seabed shackle culture pattern
Explore, started brand-new seabed shackle culture pattern, it is low to efficiently solve scallop suspended longline farming survival rate, cultivation operation is numerous
It is trivial；The bottom culture rate of recapture is low, breeding environment by substrate influenceed greatly, accomplished lady worm harm it is big the problems such as, realize it is intensive efficiently support
Grow.
The content of the invention
High to solve traditional Patinopecten yessoensis suspended longline farming death rate, it is low that the propagation rate of recapture is broadcast at bottom, artificial, fuel consumption cost
Greatly, the enemy such as accomplished lady worm endangers the problem such as big, and the present invention provides a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device, carries out
Patinopecten yessoensis stereo synthesis are cultivated.
The technical scheme is that Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device, the cultivation apparatus are using through anti-corrosion
The metal framework for the treatment of forms cultivation framework as support, and whole cultivation framework can be dismantled freely, cultivate frame roof and bottom
Lifting rope fixing point of piercing one's ears is symmetrical arranged, the lifting rope that will pierce one's ears is fixed along the vertical direction stretching of cultivation framework, is used on lifting rope of piercing one's ears and worn
Ear is fixed and signs isodensity fixed fan spat kind, and scallop seed is pierced one's ears using monoshell mode, single piece of mode is fixed；Cultivation frame roof
Corner sets cultivation framework lowering suspension centre.
Described cultivation framework is metal framework, and appearance carries out zinc-plated treatment, prevents from carrying out it under the conditions of sea-farming
Corrosion, causes metal framework structure stability, rigidity to decline.
Described whole cultivation framework can be dismantled freely, cultivation framework can freely dismantle part assembling using buckle or
Screw-nut is connected, easy to disassemble and installation, is detachably deposited after cultivation framework use, reduces space hold.
Described cultivation framework is tetragonal body structure, and the cultivation pin of base of frame four sets up anti-depression structure, prevents from cultivating frame
Frame cloth is placed on the softer mariculture area of substrate and becomes silted up and bury.
Described lifting rope of piercing one's ears is fixed along the vertical direction stretching of cultivation framework, and lifting rope of piercing one's ears is along cultivation frame roof to bottom
Upper and lower vertical direction is fixed with " oneself " font reciprocating direction, and the lifting rope that makes to pierce one's ears is parallel with cultivation framework vertical direction, it is to avoid
Because of ocean current and caused by pierce one's ears scallop and lifting rope friction of piercing one's ears, scallop of piercing one's ears comes off.
Using fixed label isodensity fixed fan spat kind of piercing one's ears on described lifting rope of piercing one's ears, every fixed label both sides pair of piercing one's ears
Title fixes two pieces of scallop seeds, and fixed fan spat kind mode is fixed using left ear monoshell, scallop is effectively ensured and fixes initial stage survival
Rate.
The method for carrying out Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture using above-mentioned Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture device, its step
It is as follows：
（1）Scallop seed is pierced one's ears
Annual March in spring, the stronger age Patinopecten yessoensis of selection shell more than 5cm high, vigor is pierced one's ears, position of piercing one's ears
It is scallop left housing vestibule base portion, mode of piercing one's ears beats ear for monoshell；After piercing one's ears, sea area buoyant raft is temporary during scallop is fitted into scallop cylinder mould
Support, temporarily support one week, dead scallop of being pierced one's ears in removing scallop cage, then using the scallop survived as the scallop seed of cultivation, is used
Pierce one's ears it is fixed sign isodensity and be fixed on pierces one's ears on lifting rope, single piece or double pieces of modes are fixed；
（2）Cultivation framework assembling
Assembling cultivation framework, cultivation framework is connected using buckle or screw-nut, in cultivation frame roof and bottom
Between the lifting rope fixing point of piercing one's ears being correspondingly arranged, the lifting rope that will pierce one's ears is fixed along the vertical direction stretching of cultivation frame；Lifting rope pierce one's ears along foster
Grow frame roof to be fixed with " oneself " font reciprocating direction to the upper and lower vertical direction in bottom, make pierce one's ears lifting rope and cultivation frame Vertical Square
To parallel, it is to avoid because ocean current and caused by pierce one's ears Patinopecten yessoensis and lifting rope friction of piercing one's ears, scallop of piercing one's ears comes off, and controls Patinopecten yessoensis
Density is 400-500 pieces/cubic metre；
（3）Cultivation framework lays
Annual March in spring or November in autumn, in weather with no wind, no waves, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning, it is determined that cultivating
Framework placement, connects cultivation framework lowering suspension centre and is vertically hung using crane, realizes that seabed precisely lays, it is ensured that
Cultivation framework reaches steady, four angles setting anti-depression structures of cultivation base of frame behind seabed, prevents cultivation framework from laying cultivation
Sea area substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried；
（4）Aquaculture management
After cultivation framework cloth is put into mariculture area seabed, one week interior to carry out laying validity check, prevent because placement, substrate,
The conditions such as ocean current and cause to incline, turn on one's side；After cultivation framework lays 1 year, culture efficiency inspection is carried out, if reaching market sale
Commercial specification, directly takes out cultivation framework from mariculture area lifting, and cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis carries out into shellfish sale, if not up to commodity
Specification can continue cultivation, until forming commercial specification into shellfish；
（5）Harvest
After shackle culture Patinopecten yessoensis reaches commercial specification, reclaiming ship fixed point using cultivation carries out cultivation framework recovery；To pierce one's ears
Lifting rope fixing point discharges, and lifting rope of piercing one's ears begins to use recover that scallop is recycled into the vanning of scallop week by one end, and cultivation framework is torn open
Carry out, except dirty treatment, carrying out demolition and maintenance in case next cycle uses after unloading.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention breaks through traditional Patinopecten yessoensis buoyant raft, bottom sowing culture thinking limitation, using gold
Category framework is supported as cultivation, develops big specification, high-quality Patinopecten yessoensis facility cultivation production model, realizes industrialization, intensive
Change, three-dimensional culture, improve cultivation efficiency；Shackle culture pattern is changed into the cultivation of subsea level frame-type from extra large top layer suspended longline farming,
Cultivation is changed using water layer, and effectively reduction top layer cultivation attachment is more, Summer mortality rate phenomenon high；Cultivation framework by
Metal material is assembled, replaceable after assembling is flexible, convenient disassembly, and component is damaged, and saves material storage place, reduces and supports
Grow cost；Carry out bottom culture framework fixed point with breeding ship to lay, reclaiming ship carries out assigned spot recovery, and realization precisely lays, precisely
Fish for, while avoid scallop bottom sowing culture sea area utilization rate low, the end of the year long broadcasts trawlnet, the problems such as environments such as subsea destruction is serious, and
Cultivation stability is improved, and is a kind of scallop efficient facility culture model, is conducive to scallop industry sustainable development.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
In figure：1st, framework is cultivated, 2, lifting rope of piercing one's ears, 3, lifting rope fixing point of piercing one's ears, 4, cultivation framework lowering suspension centre, 5, anti-recessed
Fall into structure, 6, hanger scallop.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
By taking the annual Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture experiment of applicant 2015 as an example, technical solution of the present invention is explained in detail
State.
Selection Zhangzi Islands China in the 2015 Patinopecten yessoensis one age shellfish for breeding of locally heating up is experiment material, an age shellfish average size
It is shell 6.72cm high, body weight 36.07g.Test at the beginning of 5 months 2015, take 5000 pieces of mariculture one age shellfish, punching of piercing one's ears is beaten
To be put into breeding cage behind hole, carry out sea area buoyant raft per 8 pieces of density of every layer of cage and temporarily support, temporarily the foster time is one week, will be dead after one week
The age shellfish that dies is chosen, and statistics survival rate is 92%；As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it is that the use of hanger scallop 6 is pierced one's ears by the age shellfish for surviving
Fixed label isodensity is fixed on pierces one's ears on lifting rope 2, and hanger is fixed label and laid for one according to every 13cm intervals, is pierced one's ears according to every solid
Surely sign both sides it is symmetrical fix two pieces of left ear monoshell fixed forms of hanger scallop 6 and be fixed on hanger and fix sign, every lifting rope 2 of piercing one's ears
Single vertical direction can fix 26 pieces of hanger scallop, and every lifting rope 2 of piercing one's ears can fix 312 pieces of hanger scallop；Will be by zinc-plated place
The cultivation framework 1 of the tetragonal body structure of reason, is connected using buckle or screw-nut and is assembled, and cultivates the specification of framework 1
It is 2m*2m*1.9m；Between the lifting rope fixing point 3 of piercing one's ears that the top and bottom of cultivation framework 1 are correspondingly arranged, lifting rope fixing point of piercing one's ears
From being 15cm, settable fixed 12 groups of the suspension centre of cultivation framework horizontal direction will fix the lifting rope 2 of piercing one's ears of hanger scallop 6 to gauge
Fixed with " oneself " font reciprocating direction along the cultivation vertical direction of framework 1, the lifting rope 2 that makes to pierce one's ears is equal with the vertical direction of framework 1 is cultivated
OK, it is to avoid because ocean current and caused by hanger Patinopecten yessoensis 6 with pierce one's ears lifting rope 2 friction cause hanger scallop 6 to come off, each cultivation framework
3744 pieces of hanger scallop can be laid altogether in 1.
May 18, going to sea carries out the sea area of Patinopecten yessoensis shackle culture framework 1 and lays, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning,
It is determined that the cultivation placement of framework 1, connects cultivation framework lowering suspension centre 4 and vertically hung using crane, seabed essence is realized
Standard lays, it is ensured that steady behind the cultivation arrival of framework 1 seabed, four angles of cultivation base of frame set anti-depression structure 5, prevent cultivation
Framework 1 lays that mariculture area substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried；After the cultivation cloth of framework 1 is put into mariculture area seabed, carried out in one week
Lay validity check, prevent because of conditions such as placement, substrate, ocean currents and caused by incline, turn on one's side.
Formed by the seabed of a year, in May, 2016, spot-check Patinopecten yessoensis growing state, shrimp in single cultivation framework
Smooth scallop is respectively 46.58%, 180%, sea compared with period shell increase 3.13cm high, increased weight 64.93g, growth rate is initially laid
During bottom is formed, survival rate 42.2%.Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture experiment effect is preferable, refers to table 1.
Table 1 cultivates Patinopecten yessoensis in 1 year single cultivation framework and forms situation statistical form
The present invention carries out aquaculture model renewal for scallop shackle culture, and shackle culture pattern is by extra large top layer suspended longline farming after renewal
It is changed into the cultivation of subsea level frame-type, cultivation is changed using water layer, effectively reduction top layer cultivation attachment is more, Summer mortality
Rate phenomenon high；Cultivation apparatus will pierce one's ears the upper and lower fixation of lifting rope simultaneously, it is to avoid mutually be twisted during lifting rope sea-farming of piercing one's ears
Twine, cultivation apparatus unit of water body can 550 pieces of cultured scallop, single cultivation framework can support 3744 pieces of scallop, cultivate the anniversary
Listing.The cultured scallop results stage is simple and convenient, and scallop finished product 159.58kg can be obtained after forming, and is fanned according to market price per kilogram
30 yuan of calculating of shellfish, single cultivation framework can obtain 4787 yuan of income.Single cultivation framework and cultivation seed, human and material resources cost
It it is 3000 yuan or so, single structure unit period earning rate is up to 59.58%, and cultivation efficiency and earning rate are higher.
The present invention proposes a kind of scallop seabed shackle culture method and device, except Patinopecten yessoensis can also be used for other scallop product
Plant, such as Atlantic Ocean deep water shellfish, Chlamys farreri, shackle culture pattern is transferred to seabed by seawater surface, by using seabed
Cultivation new facility realizes that aquaculture model changes, and increases product benefit, improves cultivation efficiency.Invention can be widely applied to northern China
In scallop submarine facility cultivation project.After invention Industry Promotion, can largely alleviate China's Patinopecten yessoensis suspended longline farming and produce
Amount declines, and seabed scallop cultivation quality reduction, product supply falls short of demand aquiculture status of Denging realize that the cultivation of high-quality Patinopecten yessoensis is supplied
Should.
Claims (7)
1. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device, it is characterised in that the cultivation apparatus use the gold through preservative treatment
Category framework forms cultivation framework as support, and whole cultivation framework can be dismantled freely, and cultivation frame roof and bottom symmetrical are set
Pierce one's ears lifting rope fixing point, the lifting rope that will pierce one's ears is fixed along the vertical direction stretching of cultivation framework, using fixed label of piercing one's ears on lifting rope of piercing one's ears
Isodensity fixed fan spat kind, scallop seed is pierced one's ears using monoshell mode, single piece of mode is fixed；Cultivation frame roof corner is set
Cultivation framework lowering suspension centre.
2. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cultivation
Framework is metal framework, and appearance carries out zinc-plated treatment.
3. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is whole
Cultivation framework can be dismantled freely, and the part assembling that can freely dismantle of cultivation framework is connected using buckle or screw-nut, is easy to
Dismounting and installation.
4. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cultivation
Framework is tetragonal body structure, and the cultivation pin of base of frame four sets up anti-depression structure, and substrate is softer to support to prevent cultivation framework cloth to be placed on
Grow sea area and become silted up and bury.
5. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pierces one's ears
Lifting rope is fixed along cultivation framework vertical direction stretching, pierce one's ears lifting rope along cultivation frame roof to the upper and lower vertical direction in bottom with
" oneself " font reciprocating direction is fixed, and the lifting rope that makes to pierce one's ears is parallel with cultivation framework vertical direction.
6. Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pierces one's ears
Using fixed label isodensity fixed fan spat kind of piercing one's ears on lifting rope, two pieces of scallop seedlings are symmetrically fixed in every fixed both sides of signing of piercing one's ears
Kind, fixed fan spat kind mode is fixed using left ear monoshell, scallop is effectively ensured and fixes initial stage survival rate.
7. the Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture device described in usage right requirement 1 carries out the side of Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture
Method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
（1）Scallop seed is pierced one's ears
Annual March in spring, the stronger age Patinopecten yessoensis of selection shell more than 5cm high, vigor is pierced one's ears, position of piercing one's ears
It is scallop left housing vestibule base portion, mode of piercing one's ears beats ear for monoshell；After piercing one's ears, sea area buoyant raft is temporary during scallop is fitted into scallop cylinder mould
Support, temporarily support one week, dead scallop of being pierced one's ears in removing scallop cage, then using the scallop survived as the scallop seed of cultivation, is used
Pierce one's ears it is fixed sign isodensity and be fixed on pierces one's ears on lifting rope, single piece or double pieces of modes are fixed；
（2）Cultivation framework assembling
Assembling cultivation framework, cultivation framework is connected using buckle or screw-nut, in cultivation frame roof and bottom
Between the lifting rope fixing point of piercing one's ears being correspondingly arranged, the lifting rope that will pierce one's ears is fixed along the vertical direction stretching of cultivation frame；Lifting rope pierce one's ears along foster
Grow frame roof to be fixed with " oneself " font reciprocating direction to the upper and lower vertical direction in bottom, make pierce one's ears lifting rope and cultivation frame Vertical Square
To parallel, it is to avoid because ocean current and caused by pierce one's ears Patinopecten yessoensis and lifting rope friction of piercing one's ears, scallop of piercing one's ears comes off, and controls Patinopecten yessoensis
Density is 400-500 pieces/cubic metre；
（3）Cultivation framework lays
Annual March in spring or November in autumn, in weather with no wind, no waves, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning, it is determined that cultivating
Framework placement, connects cultivation framework lowering suspension centre and is vertically hung using crane, realizes that seabed precisely lays, it is ensured that
Cultivation framework reaches steady, four angles setting anti-depression structures of cultivation base of frame behind seabed, prevents cultivation framework from laying cultivation
Sea area substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried；
（4）Aquaculture management
After cultivation framework cloth is put into mariculture area seabed, one week interior to carry out laying validity check, prevent because placement, substrate,
The conditions such as ocean current and cause to incline, turn on one's side；After cultivation framework lays 1 year, culture efficiency inspection is carried out, if reaching market sale
Commercial specification, directly takes out cultivation framework from mariculture area lifting, and cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis carries out into shellfish sale, if not up to commodity
Specification can continue cultivation, until forming commercial specification into shellfish；
（5）Harvest
After shackle culture Patinopecten yessoensis reaches commercial specification, reclaiming ship fixed point using cultivation carries out cultivation framework recovery；To pierce one's ears
Lifting rope fixing point discharges, and lifting rope of piercing one's ears begins to use recover that scallop is recycled into the vanning of scallop week by one end, and cultivation framework is torn open
Carry out, except dirty treatment, carrying out demolition and maintenance in case next cycle uses after unloading.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611113517.7A CN106719182A (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | Patinopecten yessoensis seabed shackle culture method and device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107711637A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | A kind of device and its cultural method of bottom culture Patinopecten yessoensis |
| CN107751068A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-06 | 陈华勤 | One kind prolongs rope type oyster culture device |
| CN108834968A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of shallow sea attached type shellfish aquaculture device and its application method |
| CN109147244A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-01-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七六研究所 | A kind of aquafarm burglar alarm based on magnetic field signal and optical fiber barrier combined detection |
| CN109769720A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 烟台中集蓝海洋科技有限公司 | Coral cultivation apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109147244A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-01-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七六研究所 | A kind of aquafarm burglar alarm based on magnetic field signal and optical fiber barrier combined detection |
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| CN108834968A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of shallow sea attached type shellfish aquaculture device and its application method |
| CN108834968B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-03-26 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Shallow sea attached shellfish culture and proliferation device and using method thereof |
| CN109769720A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 烟台中集蓝海洋科技有限公司 | Coral cultivation apparatus |
| CN109769720B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-02-08 | 烟台中集蓝海洋科技有限公司 | Coral breeding device |
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