CN106717192B - Rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application multifunctional dry direct seeding machine - Google Patents

Rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application multifunctional dry direct seeding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106717192B
CN106717192B CN201710128811.3A CN201710128811A CN106717192B CN 106717192 B CN106717192 B CN 106717192B CN 201710128811 A CN201710128811 A CN 201710128811A CN 106717192 B CN106717192 B CN 106717192B
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seed
fertilizer
seed metering
housing
rotary tillage
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CN106717192A (en
Inventor
朱德泉
马锦
武立权
蒋锐
张顺
朱宏
张俊
李兰兰
田亮
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A01B49/06Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
    • A01B49/065Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary tillage seeding, fertilizing and pesticide applying multifunctional dry direct sowing machine which comprises a rack, a rotary tillage device, a seeding device, a fertilizer applying device, a pesticide applying device and an earthing and pressing device, wherein a housing is erected on the rack, the rotary tillage device is installed at the bottom end of the housing, the fertilizer applying device is installed at the upper end of the housing, a fertilizer discharger and a fertilizer applying furrow opener are arranged at the lower end of a fertilizer box in the fertilizer applying device, a gearbox and a suspension bracket are installed in front of the fertilizer applying device, the output power of the gearbox is transmitted to a gear box on a right side plate of the housing through a transmission shaft, then the gear box transmits the power to the rotary tillage device below, the pesticide applying device is installed behind the fertilizer applying device, and the seeding device and the earthing and pressing device are sequentially installed on the rack behind the housing. The rice direct seeding machine has a simple and reasonable structure, adopts an operation mode integrating functions of rotary tillage, fertilization, seeding, pesticide application and the like, has high operation efficiency, and effectively solves the technical problems of single function, low efficiency and poor operation quality of the conventional rice direct seeding machine.

Description

Rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application multifunctional dry direct seeding machine
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation machinery, and mainly relates to a rotary tillage seeding, fertilizing and pesticide applying multifunctional dry direct seeding machine, in particular to a multifunctional dry direct seeding machine which can integrate multiple processes of rotary tillage, soil crushing, ditching, fertilizing, seeding, soil covering, compacting, pesticide applying and the like.
Background art:
china is a big agricultural country, and rice is the main grain crop with the largest planting area, the highest yield per unit and the most total yield in China. The rice seedling and transplanting operation links are multiple, and the requirements on soil preparation and seedling raising are high. The mechanical direct seeding is the simplest mechanical planting mode in the light rice cultivation technology, can reduce seedling raising links, saves labor, time and labor, saves seedling beds and has high production efficiency. However, the prior rice dry direct seeding machine in China has the disadvantages of single operation, more labor input, high labor intensity, low efficiency and difficult quality guarantee, particularly, the prior rural labor is deficient, the land plowing and planting quality is not high, the weed is serious, the seedling emergence is poor, the rice direct seeding quality and yield are seriously influenced, a multifunctional rice planting machine integrating multiple processes of rotary tillage, soil crushing, ditching, fertilization, seeding, earthing, pressing, pesticide application and the like is developed for improving the rice production efficiency and reducing the labor intensity, and the rice dry direct seeding machine is urgently needed for rice production.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a rotary tillage seeding, fertilizing and pesticide applying multifunctional dry direct sowing machine which has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, easy production and manufacture, convenient mass production, reasonable planting, reduction of idle lands, and capability of simultaneously completing the functions of rotary tillage, soil crushing, fertilizer application, sowing, soil covering, pressing, pesticide application and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multi-functional drought direct seeder of rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application, comprises frame, rotary tillage device, seeder, fertilizer injection unit, earthing suppression device, its characterized in that: the frame is put on the shelf and is equipped with the housing, the housing bottom is equipped with rotary cultivator attachment, the housing upper end is equipped with fertilizer injection unit, fertilizer injection unit's the place ahead is equipped with gearbox and mounted frame, gearbox output power passes through the transmission shaft and transmits the gear box on the housing right side board to the gear box transmits power for the rotary cultivator attachment of its below, the fertilizer injection unit rear is equipped with the fertilizer application device, install seeder, earthing suppression device in proper order in the frame at housing rear.
Fertilizer injection unit constitute by fertile case, fertilizer auger shaft, fertilizer auger, fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer amount adjusting device, fertilization furrow opener, fertilization hose, the below of fertile case among the fertilizer injection unit is equipped with fertilizer apparatus and fertilization furrow opener, the fertilizer apparatus auger passes through fertilizer auger shaft to be fixed in the middle of the fertile case, and the fertilizer hose is installed to the fertile case lower extreme, and the fertilizer hose other end is connected with the fertilization furrow opener.
The pesticide applying device comprises a pesticide box, a two-cylinder piston type diaphragm pump, a sprayer and a motor, wherein the pesticide box, the two-cylinder piston type diaphragm pump and the motor are all arranged on a support between a fertilizer box and a housing, the pesticide box and the sprayer pass through, a distribution and diversion hose is arranged between the pesticide box and the sprayer and connected with each other, the distribution and diversion hose is composed of a main pipe and three branch pipes, the main pipe is connected with the pesticide box, and the branch pipes are respectively connected with a spray rod valve and a control switch.
The spray heads are in a slit type fan shape, the height of the spray heads from the ground is about 0.75m, the spray angle is 80-90 degrees, the spray heads are 9 and are uniformly distributed on the spray rod, and the spray area at two ends of the spray heads is half of the middle part of the spray heads in a full spray mode; the spray lance is installed above the soil scraping plate of the soil covering and pressing device.
The seeding device comprises a seed box, a seed metering device and a seed metering furrow opener, wherein seed metering holes are distributed in a seed metering wheel, the seed metering device comprises a seed discharging shell, a seed discharging shaft, a seed cleaning brush, a seed discharging wheel and a seed protecting device, the seed box is arranged above the seed metering device and the seed metering furrow opener, the seed metering device comprises the seed discharging shell, the seed discharging shaft, the seed cleaning brush, the seed discharging wheel and the seed protecting device, the seed metering hole is distributed in the seed metering wheel, a seed metering opening of the seed discharging shell is in a rectangular open type, a partition plate is arranged on the inner side of a feed inlet in the seed discharging shell, the seed discharging wheel is arranged in the seed discharging shell on the inner side of the partition plate, the seed cleaning brush is arranged above the seed metering wheel, the shape of a working area of the seed cleaning brush is arc, the seed cleaning brush is fixed above the seed metering wheel and is tightly attached to the surface of the seed metering shell, and the seed protecting device is arranged above a discharge outlet of the seed metering shell and tightly attached to the seed metering wheel.
The seed discharging holes are convex-mouth type profiling holes, and the capacity of the seed discharging holes is designed to accommodate 3-5 seeds.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention can realize the integrated operation of multiple working procedures such as rotary tillage, soil crushing, ditching, fertilizing, seeding, soil covering, compacting, pesticide application and the like, improves the operation efficiency and the operation effect, and reduces the labor intensity and the production cost.
2. The invention has simple structure, reasonable relative position design of each device, and staggered positions of the fertilizer furrow opener and the seed sowing furrow opener, thereby avoiding the occurrence of interference phenomenon; arrange rotary cultivator attachment in the place ahead, arrange fertile device, seeder and arrange intermediate position in, the rear is arranged in to the firming device, will apply medicine shower nozzle in the firming device rear in, apply medicine again after earlier seed earthing and suppression, can effectively avoid hindering kind of a plant, arrange the medical kit in the one end of keeping away from the gear box in the frame simultaneously, be favorable to the dry direct seeding machine balanced in during operation atress.
3. The number of the spray heads of the pesticide applying device is nine, a full-spraying mode is adopted, the spraying areas at two ends are half of the middle part, heavy spraying is reduced after the direct seeding machine turns, the spraying amount is as uniform as possible, and the pesticide damage to seeds is reduced; meanwhile, the three rear medicine conveying branch hoses are connected to the spray rod, so that the uniform distribution of the medicine amount is facilitated.
4. The seed metering device adopts a hole wheel type mechanical seed metering device, the hole adopts a convex nozzle type hole imitating the shape of a seed, the shape of the seed cleaning brush is designed to be circular arc, the seed metering opening is in a rectangular open type, the collision between the discharged seed and the shell of the seed metering device can be reduced, the hole forming rate is better, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a structural view 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial top view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view of the seed meter configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of a seed wheel according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the spraying range of the selected nozzle of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
see the drawings.
A rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application multifunctional dry direct seeder comprises a rack 16, a rotary tillage device 30, a fertilizer application device 31, a seeding device 32, an earthing and pressing device 33 and a pesticide application device 34, wherein a housing 21 is arranged on the rack 16, the rotary tillage device 30 is arranged at the bottom end of the housing 21, the fertilizer application device 31 is arranged on the housing 21, a fertilizer distributor 2 and a fertilizer furrow opener 14 are installed at the lower end of a fertilizer box 1 in the fertilizer application device 31, a gearbox 22 and a suspension bracket 20 are arranged in front of the fertilizer application device 31, the suspension bracket 20 is installed on the housing 21 and connected with a high-power tractor suspension device through a bolt during working, the gearbox 22 is further installed on the housing 21, the gearbox 22 is connected with a tractor power output shaft, the output power of the gearbox 22 is transmitted to a gearbox 25 on a right side plate 24 of the housing through a transmission shaft 23, and the gearbox 25 transmits the power to a rotary tillage knife roller 15 part below. The fertilizer box 1 is arranged on the housing 21, and a pesticide box 17, a motor 4 and a pump 3 are arranged on the frame 16 between the fertilizer box 1 and the housing 21; the lower end of the fertilizer box 1 is respectively provided with a fertilizer distributor 2 and a fertilizer furrow opener 14, and the lower end of the seed box 5 is provided with a seed metering device 28 and a seed metering furrow opener 12; the right side of the fertilizer box 1 is provided with a fertilizer discharging amount adjusting knob 26, and the fertilizer discharging amount adjusting knob 26 can adjust the fertilizer discharging amount.
The working process of the fertilizer applying device 31 is that fertilizer is put into the fertilizer box 1, the fertilizer is stirred under the combined action of the fertilizer discharging auger 19 and the fertilizer discharging auger shaft 18, the fertilizer discharging amount is adjusted through the fertilizer discharging amount adjusting knob 26, the fertilizer passes through the fertilizer discharging device 2 and then is discharged into the fertilizer applying hose, meanwhile, after the fertilizer applying opener 14 opens the ditch, the fertilizer falls into the ditch groove, and finally the fertilizer is covered by the covering plate 13 arranged behind the fertilizer applying opener 14.
The working process of the pesticide applying device 34 is that the pesticide in the pesticide box 17 is conveyed to the fan-shaped spray head 7 arranged on the soil scraping plate 8 right above the press wheel 6 through the shunting pesticide applying hose 29 under the action of the pump 3 and the motor 4, and pesticide application is controlled by adjusting a distribution valve and a control switch.
The seeding device 32 works by putting seeds into the seed box 5, then the seeds fall into the left side of the partition plate 28-5 of the seeding apparatus, the rotation of the press wheel 6 transfers the power to the seeding shaft 27 through the action of the chain wheel 10 and the chain 11, so as to drive the seeding wheel 28-4 to rotate, in the seed filling process, the seeds enter the convex mouth type profiling hole 28-5, when the seeds rotate to the upper side, the redundant seeds are brushed out under the action of the seed cleaning brush 28-1, and then the seeds pass through the seed protection device 28-3 and finally fall into the groove opened by the seed sowing furrow opener 12, wherein the soil on the ditching land wheel 12 can be scraped by the ditching scraper blade, and the press wheel 6 is provided with the antiskid device 9 to prevent the land wheel from slipping.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional drought direct seeder of rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application, comprises frame, rotary tillage device, seeder, fertilizer injection unit, earthing suppression device, its characterized in that: a housing is arranged on the rack, a rotary tillage device is arranged below the housing, a fertilizing device is arranged above the housing, a gearbox and a suspension bracket are arranged in front of the fertilizing device, the output power of the gearbox is transmitted to the gearbox on the right side plate of the housing through a transmission shaft, the gearbox transmits the power to the rotary tillage device below the gearbox, a pesticide applying device is arranged behind the fertilizing device, and a seeding device and an earth covering and pressing device are sequentially arranged on the rack behind the housing;
the fertilizer applying device consists of a fertilizer box, a fertilizer applying auger shaft, a fertilizer applying auger, a fertilizer applicator, a fertilizer applying amount adjusting device, a fertilizer applying furrow opener and a fertilizer applying hose, wherein the fertilizer applicator and the fertilizer applying furrow opener are arranged below the fertilizer box in the fertilizer applying device;
the pesticide applying device comprises a pesticide box, a two-cylinder piston type diaphragm pump, a spray head and a motor, wherein the pesticide box, the two-cylinder piston type diaphragm pump and the motor are all arranged on a support between a fertilizer box and a housing, the pesticide box and the spray head are connected through a shunt hose, the shunt hose is composed of a main pipe and three branch pipes, the main pipe is connected with the pesticide box, the branch pipes are respectively connected with a spray rod, and a distribution valve and a control switch are arranged between the branch pipes;
the spray heads are in a slit type fan shape, the height of the spray heads from the ground is about 0.75m, the spray angles are 80-90 degrees, the spray heads are 9 and are uniformly distributed on the spray rod, a full-spray mode is adopted, and the spray areas at two ends are half of the middle part; the spray rod is arranged above the soil scraping plate of the soil covering and pressing device;
the seeding device comprises a seed box, a seed metering device and a seed metering furrow opener, wherein the seed box is arranged above the seed metering device and the seed metering furrow opener, the seed metering device comprises a seed metering shell, a seed metering shaft, a seed cleaning brush, a seed metering wheel and a seed protecting device, seed metering holes are distributed on the seed metering wheel, a seed metering opening of the seed metering shell is in a rectangular open type, a partition plate is arranged on the inner side of a feed inlet in the seed metering shell, the seed metering wheel is arranged in the seed metering shell on the inner side of the partition plate, the seed cleaning brush is arranged above the seed metering wheel, the working area of the seed cleaning brush is in a circular arc shape, the seed cleaning brush is fixed above the seed metering wheel and is tightly attached to the wheel surface of the seed cleaning brush, and the seed protecting device is arranged above a discharge port of the seed metering shell and is tightly attached to the seed metering wheel;
the seed discharging holes are convex-mouth type profiling holes, and the capacity of the seed discharging holes is designed to accommodate 3-5 seeds.
CN201710128811.3A 2017-03-06 2017-03-06 Rotary tillage seeding fertilization pesticide application multifunctional dry direct seeding machine Active CN106717192B (en)

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CN203369076U (en) * 2013-07-10 2014-01-01 南通市农机化技术推广中心 Split plastic film mulch planter
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005224114A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 National Agriculture & Bio-Oriented Research Organization Method for seeding and apparatus therefor
CN203369076U (en) * 2013-07-10 2014-01-01 南通市农机化技术推广中心 Split plastic film mulch planter
CN203984985U (en) * 2014-08-04 2014-12-10 青铜峡市民乐农业机械有限公司 Fertilization of rice essence amount nonirrigated farmland hill-drop planter
JP2016136902A (en) * 2015-01-28 2016-08-04 株式会社クボタ Agriculture feeder
CN204697499U (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-10-14 西北农林科技大学 A kind of Double-cutter orchard furrowing fertilising earthing all-in-one
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CN106233838A (en) * 2016-10-19 2016-12-21 安徽农业大学 A kind of rotary tillage ferti drill for sowing in lines supporting with walking tractor

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