CN106662266B - 滑阀 - Google Patents
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- CN106662266B CN106662266B CN201580036609.7A CN201580036609A CN106662266B CN 106662266 B CN106662266 B CN 106662266B CN 201580036609 A CN201580036609 A CN 201580036609A CN 106662266 B CN106662266 B CN 106662266B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/04—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/06—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions
- F16H63/062—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions electric or electro-mechanical actuating means
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
- F16H61/662—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
- F16H61/66254—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members controlling of shifting being influenced by a signal derived from the engine and the main coupling
- F16H61/66259—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members controlling of shifting being influenced by a signal derived from the engine and the main coupling using electrical or electronical sensing or control means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
- B60W10/101—Infinitely variable gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
- F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
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- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0251—Elements specially adapted for electric control units, e.g. valves for converting electrical signals to fluid signals
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/04—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/06—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions
- F16H63/065—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions hydraulic actuating means
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
- F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/50—Mechanical actuating means with screw-spindle or internally threaded actuating means
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H2025/204—Axial sliding means, i.e. for rotary support and axial guiding of nut or screw shaft
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- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H2025/2062—Arrangements for driving the actuator
- F16H2025/2087—Arrangements for driving the actuator using planetary gears
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0251—Elements specially adapted for electric control units, e.g. valves for converting electrical signals to fluid signals
- F16H2061/0253—Details of electro hydraulic valves, e.g. lands, ports, spools or springs
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
- F16H2063/3063—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force using screw devices
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- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
- F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
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Abstract
本发明提供一种滑阀,其能够实现V型带式无级变速器等液压控制对象的响应性的提高与安全方面的优越性。在形成于阀体(31)的阀柱***孔(32)内组装阀柱(40)。使阀柱(40)凭借电动机(12)以及滚珠丝杠(21)向第一位置与第二位置位移,上述第一位置是将输入端口(37)与输出端口(38)连通并且将输出端口(38)与排放端口(39)切断的位置,上述第二位置是将输入端口(37)与输出端口(38)切断并且将输出端口(38)与排放端口(39)连通的位置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在对V型带式无级变速器的变速比切换用缸进行液压控制的情况下、对组装于自动变速器的离合器进行液压控制的情况下等所使用的滑阀。
背景技术
作为组装于自动变速器的变速比切换用离合器的液压控制所使用的滑阀,以往公知一种下述专利文献1所记载的滑阀。在该滑阀中,在形成有输入端口、输出端口、排放端口以及反馈端口的套筒内以能够滑动的方式***阀柱(spool),利用驱动部件使上述阀柱向第一位置和第二位置移动,上述第一位置是连通输入端口与输出端口并且切断输出端口与排放端口的位置,上述第二位置是切断上述输入端口与输出端口并且连通上述输出端口与排放端口的位置,而对组装于自动变速器的变速比切换用离合器的开/关进行控制。
在上述滑阀中,除了自动变速器的变速比的切换控制用以外,也能够作为V型带式无级变速器的变速比的切换控制用而使用。
专利文献1:日本特开2009-58013号公报
然而,在上述以往的滑阀中,作为驱动部件采用螺线管,利用该螺线管使阀柱移动。这种情况下,由于螺线管的柱塞的移动量为数mm左右较小,通过该阀柱的稍微移动进行多个端口的连通、切断的切换,所以无法形成开度较大的端口。因此,连接液压泵的排出口与输入端口的供油路或者连接输出端口与控制对象亦即离合器的供油路也会变细,使通油量也会减少,从而液压控制的对象亦即离合器的响应性也变差,进而在提高其响应性上留有应该改善的点。
这里,在日本特开2000-28023号公报中记载了一种出射装置用的液压控制阀,其以电动机为驱动源,利用滚珠丝杠将该电动机的旋转运动转换为阀柱的直动运动,通过在上述以往的滑阀采用该公报所记载的上述电动机以及滚珠丝杠机构,从而能够使阀柱较大地移动。通过该移动量的增大化,能够增大输入端口等各端口、连接于各个端口的油路的截面积,因此能够提高控制对象亦即离合器的响应性。
然而,在利用由电动机以及滚珠丝杠机构使阀柱沿轴向移动的滑阀对使V型带式无级变速器的驱动带轮侧的滑动带轮移动的变速比切换用缸进行液压控制的情况下,在利用电动机的驱动使阀柱向高速侧移动的行程中,若电动机发生故障,则会被保持为工作油被送入变速比切换用缸内的供油状态,从而V型带式无级变速器成为高速旋转模式,进而因车辆的加速对驾驶员负载有较大的冲击并给予较大的不安感。
发明内容
本发明的课题在于提供一种滑阀,其实现V型带式无级变速器等液压控制对象的响应性的提高,且能够提高安全方面的优越性。
为了解决上述的课题,在本发明中,采用以下构成,上述构成具有:阀体,其在内部具有阀柱***孔,并设置有与该阀柱***孔连通的输入端口、输出端口以及排放端口;阀柱,其以能够滑动的方式***于上述阀柱***孔,并通过沿轴向的移动来进行上述各端口的连通与切断;电动机,其将上述阀柱沿轴向驱动;滚珠丝杠,其将上述电动机的旋转运动转换为上述阀柱的沿轴向的直线运动,并使阀柱向第一位置和第二位置位移,上述第一位置是利用电动机的向一方向的旋转来将上述输入端口与输出端口连通并且将输出端口与排放端口切断的位置,上述第二位置利用电动机的向另一方向的旋转来将输入端口与输出端口切断并且将输出端口与排放端口连通的位置;以及弹性部件,其将上述阀柱朝向第二位置施力。
在利用上述的构成所构成的滑阀对V型带式无级变速器的变速比切换用的缸进行液压控制的情况下,利用油路将输入端口与油泵的排出口连通,利用油路将输出端口与缸的供油/排油口连通。
在如上述的使用中,若驱动电动机,则滚珠丝杠工作,从而阀柱沿轴向移动。若使该阀柱向第一位置移动,则输入端口与输出端口连通,从而从油泵被排出的油被送入缸内,使形成驱动带轮的滑动带轮朝向固定带轮移动,进而驱动带轮向高速侧变速。
若将V型带式无级变速器切换至规定的变速比,则使电动机反转,而使阀柱向分别将输入端口与输出端口切断以及将输出端口与排放端口切断的中立位置位移。
这里,向高速侧位移的阀柱在其位移中途若电动机发生故障,则利用弹性部件的弹力向第二位置位移,从而输入端口与输出端口被切断,并且输出端口与排放端口连通,进而缸内的油从输出端口被排出至排放端口。利用该排油使驱动带轮的滑动带轮向与固定带轮分离的方向移动,从而形成驱动带轮向低速侧变速的状态。
这样,若电动机在向高速侧变速的状态下发生故障,则驱动带轮向低速侧变速,因此车辆成为减速行驶状态,从而相对于驾驶员的冲击也减小,进而与驱动带轮向高速侧变速的情况相比,在安全方面较优越。
这里,对滚珠丝杠而言,螺纹轴与螺母中的一方形成利用电动机进行旋转的旋转部件,另一方形成沿轴向移动的直动部件,从而利用该直动部件使阀柱沿轴向移动。
在本发明所涉及的滑阀中,作为弹性部件,能够采用压缩螺旋弹簧。在该压缩螺旋弹簧的两端设置一对弯折片,通过将一方的弯折片设为朝向轴向的弯折片并以能够滑动的方式***形成于阀柱的端面的轴向孔,将另一方的弯折片与阀体卡定而防止阀柱旋转,从而无需将形成滚珠丝杠的螺纹轴与螺母中的、使阀柱沿轴向移动的一方的直动部件止转,而能够实现构成的简化。
在将滚珠丝杠中的直动部件止转时,可以将该直动部件直接止转,也可以如上述那样通过将阀柱止转而将直动部件止转。在将阀柱止转时,能够采用在该阀柱的前端面的偏心位置突出地设置导销并将该导销以能够滑动的方式***于在阀体的端板形成的销孔的止转单元、在阀柱的前端面的中心突出地设置剖面非圆形的导销并将该导销以能够滑动的方式***于在阀体的端板形成的非圆形的销孔的止转单元。
另外,通过设置对电动机的旋转进行减速并将该旋转传递至滚珠丝杠的旋转部件的行星齿轮式减速机构,从而作为电动机能够采用容量较小的小型的电动机,进而能够实现滑阀的轴向长度的小型化。
另外,通过形成使电动机相对于滚珠丝杠并列的配置,利用正齿轮式减速机构对该电动机的旋转进行减速并将该旋转传递至滚珠丝杠的旋转部件,从而能够使滑阀的轴向长度更加小型化。
另外,通过将滚珠丝杠的螺母形成阀柱,能够使滑阀沿轴向更加小型化。
在本发明中,如上述那样,由于利用电动机的驱动使滚珠丝杠工作,而使阀柱沿轴向移动,所以与利用螺线管使阀柱移动的滑阀相比,能够增大阀柱的移动量。通过该移动量的增大化,能够增大输入端口等各端口、连接于各个端口的油路的截面积,从而能够实现V型带式无级变速器等液压控制对象的响应性的提高。
另外,在利用电动机的驱动使阀柱向输入端口与输出端口连通的高速侧位移的动作时,若电动机发生故障,则弹性部件推压阀柱而使之向将输出端口与排放端口连通的低速侧自动地位移,因此与将阀柱保持于向高速侧变速的位置的情况相比,在安全方面较优越。
附图说明
图1是示意地表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的使用的一个例子的纵向剖视图。
图2A是使图1所示的滑阀向高速侧位移的状态的剖视图。
图2B是使滑阀向低速侧位移的状态的剖视图。
图3A是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的其他例子的剖视图。
图3B是沿着图3A的III-III线的剖视图。
图4A是表示阀柱的止转的其他例子的剖视图。
图4B是沿着图4A的IV-IV线的剖视图。
图5A是表示阀柱的止转的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图5B是沿着图5A的V-V线的剖视图。
图6是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图7A是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图7B是沿着图7A的VII-VII线的剖视图。
图8是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图9是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图10是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
图11是表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他例子的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,基于附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。如图1所示,本发明所涉及的套筒阀由电动机部10、将旋转运动转换为直线运动的运动转换机构部20以及液压控制部30构成。
电动机部10由电机壳11与收纳于该电机壳11的内部的电动机12构成,上述电动机12的旋转轴12a贯通电机壳11的端板11a,而面向与该电机壳11的端部连接的后述的螺母壳体28内。
运动转换机构部20由滚珠丝杠21与覆盖该滚珠丝杠21的螺母壳体28构成。滚珠丝杠21由在外周形成有螺纹槽23的螺纹轴22、嵌合于该螺纹轴22的外侧的螺母24以及组装于在该螺母24的内周形成的螺纹槽25与螺纹轴22的螺纹槽23之间的滚珠26构成,上述螺母24嵌合于具有封闭端的筒状的螺母支架27的开口端部内,且能够与该螺母支架27一体地旋转。另一方面,螺母支架27连接于电动机12的旋转轴12a,被电动机12驱动而旋转。
螺母24以及螺母支架27整体被连接于电机壳11的上述螺母壳体28覆盖,且被组装于该螺母壳体28的两端部内的一对滚动轴承29支承为能够旋转。
液压控制部30具有连接于螺母壳体28的端部的阀体31。在阀体31形成有从一端贯通至另一端的阀柱***孔32,该阀柱***孔32的前端被连接于阀体31的端板33封闭。
在阀柱***孔32的内径面从滚珠丝杠21侧按顺序设置有第一周向槽34、第二周向槽35以及第三周向槽36。另一方面,在阀体31的外周设置有连通于第一周向槽34的输入端口37、连通于第二周向槽35的输出端口38以及连通于第三周向槽36的排放端口39。
在阀柱***孔32***有轴状的阀柱40。阀柱40的一端部以无法与滚珠丝杠21的螺纹轴22相对旋转的方式连接于滚珠丝杠21的螺纹轴22,且能够与螺纹轴22一体地沿轴向移动。
在阀柱40从螺纹轴22侧的端部按顺序设置有能够沿着阀柱***孔32的内径面滑动的第一环槽脊(land)41、第二环槽脊42以及第三环槽脊43,在相邻的第一环槽脊41与第二环槽脊42之间设置有槽状的第一通油路44。另外,在第二环槽脊42与第三环槽脊43之间设置有第二通油路45。
上述阀柱40能够从中立位置在第一位置(高速侧位置)和第二位置(低速侧位置)之间移动,所述中立位置是第二环槽脊42切断输入端口37与输出端口38以及输出端口38与排放端口39的位置,所述第一位置是如图2A所示那样,第一通油路44将输入端口37与输出端口38连通并且第二环槽脊42将输出端口38与排放端口39切断的位置,所述第二位置是如图2B所示那样,第二环槽脊42将输入端口37与输出端口38切断并且第二通油路45将输出端口38与排放端口39连通的位置。
在阀柱***孔32的封闭端部组装有将阀柱40向低速侧位置施力的弹性部件46。弹性部件46由压缩螺旋弹簧构成,在其两端部设置有朝向轴向的弯折片46a、46b,一方的弯折片46a以能够滑动的方式***形成于阀柱40的前端面的轴向孔47,另一方的弯折片46b与阀体31的端板33卡定而防止阀柱40以及螺纹轴22旋转。
实施方式所示的滑阀由上述的构造构成,采用该滑阀,例如,在对图1所示的V型带式无级变速器(CVT)的变速比切换用的缸S进行液压控制的情况下,利用油路T1将输入端口37与油泵P的排出口连通,利用油路T2将输出端口38与使形成V型带式无级变速器(CVT)的驱动带轮50的滑动带轮51朝向固定带轮52移动的缸S的供油/排油口连通。
这里,在V型带式无级变速器(CVT)中,利用滑动带轮51相对于固定带轮52的移动,使挂于驱动带轮50的V型带53的卷径以及挂于从动带轮54的V型带53的卷径变化,从而使变速比变化。
图1表示滑阀的阀柱40位于中立位置的状态,输入端口37与输出端口38以及输出端口38与排放端口39被上述阀柱40切断。
若从图1所示的状态起驱动电动机12,则螺纹轴22凭借螺母24的旋转而沿轴向移动,从而连接于该螺纹轴22的阀柱40沿轴向移动。
若凭借上述电动机12的向一方向的旋转,使阀柱40朝向高速侧位置移动,则如图2A所示,输入端口37与输出端口38经由阀柱40的第一通油路44连通,并且第二环槽脊切断输出端口38与排放端口39,从而被从油泵P排出的油被送入缸S内,进而形成驱动带轮50的滑动带轮51朝向固定带轮52移动,而将驱动带轮50向高速侧变速。
另一方面,若凭借电动机12的向另一方向的旋转,使阀柱40朝向低速侧位置移动,则如图2B所示,输入端口37与输出端口38被阀柱40的第二环槽脊42切断,并且输出端口38与排放端口39通过第二通油路45连通,从而缸S的油被排出至排放端口39,滑动带轮51凭借V型带53的张力朝向与固定带轮52分离的方向移动,而将驱动带轮50向低速侧变速。
若将V型带式无级变速器(CVT)切换为规定的变速比,则使电动机12反转,而使阀柱40返回中立位置。图1表示使阀柱40返回中立位置的状态,在该中立位置,输入端口37与输出端口38以及输出端口38与排放端口39分别被阀柱40的第二环槽脊42切断,从而V型带式无级变速器(CVT)维持等速性。
在如上所述的变速动作中,若电动机12在向高速侧位移的阀柱40使输入端口37与输出端口38连通的位移状态下发生故障,则阀柱40利用弹性部件46的弹力向图2B所示的低速侧位置位移。
凭借阀柱40向低速侧位置的位移,输入端口37与输出端口38被切断,并且输出端口38与排放端口39连通,从而缸S内的油从输出端口38被排出至排放端口39,进而驱动带轮50的滑动带轮51向与固定带轮52分离的方向移动,而将驱动带轮50向低速侧变速。
这样,若电动机12在向高速侧变速的状态下发生故障,则驱动带轮50向低速侧被变速,因此车辆成为减速行驶状态,从而从车辆施加于驾驶员的冲击减小,进而与将驱动带轮50向高速侧变速的情况相比,在安全方面较优越。
如图1所示的滑阀那样,通过利用电动机12的驱动使滚珠丝杠21工作,而使阀柱40沿轴向移动,从而与利用螺线管使阀柱移动的滑阀相比,能够增大阀柱40的移动量。而且,凭借该阀柱40的移动量的增大化,能够增大输入端口37、输出端口38以及排放端口39的各个端口、连接于各个端口的油路T1、T2的截面积,从而能够提高V型带式无级变速器(CVT)的变速时的响应性。
在图1所示的滑阀中,虽然利用形成滚珠丝杠21的螺母24的旋转使螺纹轴22沿轴向移动,但是如图3A所示,也可以在电动机12的旋转轴12a连接螺纹轴22,利用该螺纹轴22的旋转,使螺母24沿轴向移动。
在图3A、图3B中,利用线性滚珠轴承60将螺母24止转,并且作为支承为能够沿轴向移动,并将阀柱40朝向低速侧位置施力的弹性部件46,采用不具有弯折片46a、46b的压缩螺旋弹簧。
这里,将螺母24止转的线性滚珠轴承60在被压入螺母壳体28的内径面的外圈61的内侧组装有保持器62,在该保持器62沿周向隔开间隔地设置有多个椭圆形引导槽63,将该引导槽63的一对平行的直线轨道部63a、63b的一方的直线轨道部63a形成为在保持器内径面开口的长孔。另外,在引导槽63内组装有多个滚珠64,使该滚珠64能够沿着形成于外圈61的内径面的滚动面65滚动,使上述直线轨道部63a内的滚珠64的一部分从保持器62的内径面向内侧突出,使该滚珠64能够沿着形成于螺母24的外周的直线槽66滚动,从而将螺母24支承为能够移动,并且将其止转。
在图1中,利用弹性部件46,将滚珠丝杠21的被直线驱动的螺纹轴22止转,另一方面,在图3A、图3B中,虽然利用线性滚珠轴承60将滚珠丝杠21的被直线驱动的螺母24止转,但是止转单元并不局限于此。
图4A、图4B以及图5A、图5B表示滚珠丝杠21的被直线驱动的螺纹轴22或者螺母24的止转单元的其他的例子。在图4A、图4B中,在阀柱40的前端面的偏心位置突出地设置导销67,并将该导销67以能够滑动的方式***形成于阀体31的端板33的销孔68而将阀柱40止转,从而将使阀柱40沿轴向移动的螺纹轴22或者螺母24止转。
在图5A、图5B中,在阀柱40的前端面的中心突出地设置剖面非圆形的导销69,并将该导销69以能够滑动的方式***形成于阀体31的端板33的非圆形的销孔70而将阀柱40止转,从而将使阀柱40沿轴向移动的螺纹轴22或者螺母24止转。
在图3A、图3B所示的滑阀中,虽然滚珠丝杠21中的滚珠26的循环方式采用了片断式,但是如图6所示,也可以是在螺母24的两端连接一对端盖71,在该端盖71与螺母24分别形成循环路72,而使滚珠26循环的端盖式。
图7A、图7B表示滑阀的其他的实施方式。在该实施方式中,利用行星齿轮式减速机构80对电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转进行减速而使螺母24旋转这一点与图1所示的滑阀不同。因此,对于与图1所示的滑阀相同的部件标注相同的附图标记,并省略说明。
这里,行星齿轮式减速机构80由安装于电动机12的旋转轴12a的太阳轮81、组装于螺母壳体28与电机壳11的对置部之间的固定的齿圈82、与该齿圈82以及太阳轮81双方啮合的小齿轮83以及作为支承该小齿轮83的行星架的螺母支架27构成,利用上述太阳轮81的旋转使小齿轮83一边自转一边公转而使螺母支架27以及支承于该螺母支架27的螺母24减速旋转。
如上述那样,通过利用行星齿轮式减速机构80对电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转进行减速而使螺母24旋转,从而作为电动机12,能够采用容量较小的小型,进而能够实现滑阀的轴向长度的小型化。
在图8中,利用行星齿轮式减速机构80对电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转进行减速,并将该旋转传递至螺纹轴22这一点与图3A、图3B所示的滑阀不同。
另外,在图9中,利用行星齿轮式减速机构80对电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转进行减速,并将该旋转传递至螺纹轴22这一点与图6所示的滑阀不同。在图8以及图9所示的任一个滑阀中,都能够实现轴向长度的小型化。
在图8以及图9中,84表示将小齿轮83支承为能够旋转的行星架。该行星架84被固定于螺纹轴22,而与螺纹轴22一体地旋转。
图10表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他的例子。在该例子中,将电动机12与滚珠丝杠21的螺纹轴22并列,经由正齿轮式减速机构85将该电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转传递至滚珠丝杠21的螺母24。
另外,在单一的壳体86内收纳电动机12以及滚珠丝杠21,在覆盖该滚珠丝杠21的壳体部内,与螺纹轴22在同一轴上组装引导筒87,将设置于螺纹轴22的导销89以能够滑动的方式***形成于该引导筒87的内周的轴向的引导槽88,而将螺纹轴22止转。此外,由于与图1所示的滑阀相同,所以对于相同的部件标注相同的附图标记,并省略说明。
如图10所示,通过将电动机12相对于滚珠丝杠21并列配置,利用正齿轮式减速机构85对该电动机12的旋转进行减速,并将该旋转传递至滚珠丝杠21的螺母24,从而能够将滑阀的轴向长度更加小型化。
图11表示本发明所涉及的滑阀的又一其他的例子。在该例子中,在形成于阀体31的阀柱***孔32内组装将电动机12的旋转轴12a的旋转转换为直线运动的滚珠丝杠21,将其螺纹轴22与旋转轴12a连接,将经由滚珠26螺纹卡合于上述螺纹轴22的螺母24作为阀柱,在该螺母24与图1所示的阀柱40相同地形成第一环槽脊41~第三环槽脊43,并且在相邻的环槽脊之间形成第一通油路44以及第二通油路45。
另外,在作为阀柱的螺母24的外周设置导销90,将该导销90以能够滑动的方式***形成于阀柱***孔32的内周的轴向槽91内而将螺母24止转,并且形成能够滑动的支承。
如图11所示,通过将滚珠丝杠21的螺母24作为阀柱,从而能够使滑阀沿轴向更加小型化。
符号说明
12…电动机;21…滚珠丝杠;22…螺纹轴;23…螺纹槽;24…螺母;25…螺纹槽;26…滚珠;31…阀体;32…阀柱***孔;33…端板;37…输入端口;38…输出端口;39…排放端口;40…阀柱;46…弹性部件;46a…弯折片;47…轴向孔;67…导销;68…销孔;69…导销;70…销孔;80…行星齿轮式减速机构;85…正齿轮式减速机构。
Claims (5)
1.一种滑阀,其特征在于,具有:
阀体(31),其在内部具有阀柱***孔(32),并设置有与该阀柱***孔(32)连通的输入端口(37)、输出端口(38)以及排放端口(39);
阀柱(40),其以能够滑动的方式***于所述阀柱***孔(32),并通过沿轴向的移动来进行所述各端口的连通与切断;
电动机(12),其将所述阀柱(40)沿轴向驱动;
滚珠丝杠(21),其将所述电动机(12)的旋转运动转换为所述阀柱(40)的沿轴向的直线运动,并使阀柱(40)向第一位置和第二位置位移,所述第一位置是利用电动机(12)的向一方向的旋转来将所述输入端口(37)与输出端口(38)连通并且将输出端口(38)与排放端口(39)切断的位置,所述第二位置利用电动机(12)的向另一方向的旋转来将输入端口(37)与输出端口(38)切断并且将输出端口(38)与排放端口(39)连通的位置;以及
弹性部件(46),其将所述阀柱(40)朝向第二位置施力,
所述弹性部件(46)由压缩螺旋弹簧构成,在该压缩螺旋弹簧的两端设置一对弯折片(46a、46b),将一方的弯折片(46a)作为朝向轴向的弯折片并以能够滑动的方式***在所述阀柱(40)的端面形成的轴向孔(47),将另一方的弯折片(46b)与所述阀体(31)卡定,而将阀柱(40)以及滚珠丝杠(21)的直动部件止转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑阀,其特征在于,
所述滚珠丝杠(21)由在外周形成有螺纹槽(23)的螺纹轴(22)、与该螺纹轴(22)嵌合并在内周设置有螺纹槽(25)的螺母(24)以及组装于该螺母(24)的螺纹槽(25)与螺纹轴(22)的螺纹槽(23)之间的滚珠(26)构成,将所述螺纹轴(22)与螺母(24)的一方作为利用所述电动机(12)在规定位置旋转的旋转部件,将另一方作为沿轴向移动的直动部件,从而利用该直动部件使阀柱(40)沿轴向移动。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑阀,其特征在于,
设置有行星齿轮式减速机构(80),其对所述电动机(12)的旋转进行减速,并将该旋转传递至滚珠丝杠(21)的旋转部件。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑阀,其特征在于,
将所述电动机(12)相对于滚珠丝杠(21)并列配置,利用正齿轮式减速机构(85)对该电动机(12)的旋转进行减速,并将该旋转传递至滚珠丝杠(21)的旋转部件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的滑阀,其特征在于,
所述阀柱(40)由所述滚珠丝杠(21)的螺母(24)构成。
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WO2016017458A1 (ja) | 2016-02-04 |
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