CN106614342A - Breeding method for giant salamander - Google Patents
Breeding method for giant salamander Download PDFInfo
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- CN106614342A CN106614342A CN201611183292.2A CN201611183292A CN106614342A CN 106614342 A CN106614342 A CN 106614342A CN 201611183292 A CN201611183292 A CN 201611183292A CN 106614342 A CN106614342 A CN 106614342A
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- giant salamander
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- 241000157862 Dicamptodontidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000269333 Caudata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FUBFWTUFPGFHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrofuran Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CO1 FUBFWTUFPGFHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001415303 Hynobiidae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000400041 Proteidae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269622 Salamandridae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005869 estivation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008242 dietary patterns Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256128 Chironomus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010051602 Laziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method for giant salamander and relates to the technical field of agricultural breeding. The method includes the steps of selection of a breeding pond, design of the breeding pond, arranging of oxygenation equipment, fry cultivation, breeding management and daily management. The profit rate of giant salamander breeding is increased, the yield of the giant salamander is increased, the breeding period of the giant salamander is shortened, the breeding cost is reduced, and rich resources are provided for edible and medicinal value of the giant salamander.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural breeding, more particularly, it relates to a kind of cultural method of the giant salamander.
Background technology
The giant salamander is the maximum amphibian of the distinctive build of China, is also classified as two classes by China and lays special stress on protecting aquatic moving
Thing.The giant salamander is a kind of with very high edible and medical value, therefore and catched and killed by substantial amounts of unprincipled fellow, and with ring
The severe development in border, the habitat of the giant salamander is also constantly declined by substantial amounts of destruction, self-reproduction ability, and then causes doll
Fish is in Critical Condition.In order to stablize the quantity of the giant salamander, and for the demand of people, occur as soon as and substantial amounts of how to have entered pedestrian
Work breed or artificial domestication research, and also have and seminar is carried out to giant salamander life habit and the feed eaten match somebody with somebody.
But, in existing research, it is concentrated mainly on the research to giant salamander growing environment to make to build the environment and the doll that come
The growing environment of fish matches, and then makes the process that the giant salamander grows under a suitable environment；And to the life of the giant salamander
The research of long environment, then by the control water quality of human factor, temperature, natural enemy and illumination, and provide one kind for the giant salamander and dwell
Breath place, and then be conducive to the growth of the giant salamander.
The content of the invention
For weak point present in the problems referred to above, the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of the giant salamander, improves baby
The profit margin of baby's fish culture, increased the yield of the giant salamander, and shorten the culture-cycle of the giant salamander, reduces and cultivates into
This, the edible and medical value for the giant salamander provides rich in natural resources.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of the giant salamander, wherein, comprise the following steps：
A kind of cultural method of the giant salamander, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The selection of S10, culturing pool：Culturing pool surrounding requires environment quiet, cool place, with fresh air, with surrounding hills and mountains around,
Trees are luxuriant, meagrely-populated, environment is relatively independent preferably, furthermore, it desired to have a good transport service, the bait such as local fish shrimp crab or pluck
Material aboundresources；
The design of S20, culturing pool：Giant salamander growth has obvious stage, and has metamorphosis process, propagates the giant salamander artificially
Its culturing pool palpus staged design is built, and oxygen-increasing device is arranged in culturing pool；
S30, seed rearing：Sterilization, doll's fingerling sterilization, seedling identification and the part of breeding density four including culturing pool；
S40, aquaculture management：Using Refrigeration Technique, strict temperature control, control light, improve production efficiency, the scientific cultivation of implementation,
Formulate cultural technique operational procedure；
S50, daily management：Giant salamander happiness is quiet to be afraid of noisy, and happiness clear water is afraid of muddy water, and happiness is dark to be afraid of high light, to shine as far as possible in cultivation
Its these habits are turned round and look at, regularly to the giant salamander and culturing pool sterilization diseases prevention, notices that water temperature changes, summer control water temperature is less than 25
DEG C, in case aestivation, winter prevents water temperature to be less than freezing temperature.
Preferably, in step S20, its cultivation pool area should be divided into depending on giant salamander specification size：Young doll fishpond,
Young doll fishpond, into doll fishpond and close doll fishpond, its shape is preferred with rectangle or ellipse, and length-width ratio is 5: 3, and it is high
3-5 times required in cultivated its total length of the giant salamander is spent, plant's pond surrounding and bottom should be smooth, top is built escaping-preventing facilities or added
Lid anti-escape network, can design multiple caves in pond, be easy to that the giant salamander is hidden to hide, and each culturing pool should build independent irrigation and drainage and set
Apply, accomplish that water potential is effectively adjusted, water is with easy access, blowdown is convenient.Whole plant answers the giant salamander of Erecting and improving anti-escape, anti-
Steathily, preventive establishments.
Preferably, in step S30, comprise the following steps：
The sterilization of S301, culturing pool：Newly-built culturing pool, particularly cement pit, it is necessary to soak more than two months, treat its alkali
Property disappear after can put seed in a suitable place to breed；
S302, the sterilization of doll's fingerling：To prevent doll's fingerling from bringing pathogenic microorganism in culturing pool into, should put in a suitable place to breed all
Doll's fingerling nitrofurans every cubic metre of water body 0.3g or methylene 0.6g be watered immersion 10 minutes, then by liquid medicine and
Doll's fingerling is together gently put into culturing pool；
S303, seedling identification：In amphibian animal, the species such as Hynobiidae, Salamandridae, Proteidae in Caudata and the giant salamander
It is very much like, distinguish them and most importantly compare its morphological feature；The giant salamander seed of high-quality should be body stalwartness, muscle
, without scar and parasite, abnormal front external gill is completely without pathology for plump, body surface；
S304, breeding density：Its breeding density of giant salamander culturing pool is regarding cultivation giant salamander specification and culturing pool water source, water
Depending on the factors such as body, bait.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of in step S40：S401, bait feeding：Doll's fish bait is with fresh and alive
The fish shrimp crab frog and pluck preferably, its bait feeding should accomplish timing, positioning, fixed as fish culture bait feeding
It is matter, quantitative, when the giant salamander bait feeding eat food, should try one's best and keep the giant salamander not frightened, it is to avoid it tells food；
S402, regulating water quality：The cultivation giant salamander answers Jing often to keep giant salamander pool inner water matter clearly pollution-free, water transparency
Greatly, dissolved oxygen amount is high, and pH value is between 7.2～8；
S403, regulation water temperature and illumination：During the broiling summer with cold winter, it is necessary to take cooling or heat measure,
Guarantee that the giant salamander has a suitable water temperature growing environment；Giant salamander photophobia, plant should take measures to avoid a day light intensity from penetrating, night
During evening inspection, it is impossible to high light to penetrating；
S404, anti-escape anti-theft：The giant salamander escapes ability extra-heavy, and its land or underwater exercise is more quick, and the top that can climb
Weight, it is necessary to the moment notes anti-escape, especially when raining in torrents it is noted that；
S405, the species of ingesting of the young giant salamander：The species of ingesting of the young giant salamander, the region perched because of the giant salamander and food
Structure it is different and different.
Preferably, in step S50, comprise the following steps：
S501, feeding skill：Feed is fed, preferably natural bait, mainly there is planktonic organism class, insects, meat and fish
Class, shellfish etc.；
The water quality requirement of S502, culturing pool：Require relatively to put down in the anniversary water temperature luffing for raising giant salamander indoor culture pond
Surely, water temperature can be than relatively low between 1～March, and water temperature can be higher between 7～September, for the giant salamander water temperature of artificial feeding
It is than convenient that should be maintained between 15～24 DEG C.
Preferably, the oxygen-increasing device includes main body frame, motor, impeller-driven, oxygenation water wheels, the power of oxygen-increasing device
Partial motor drives two transverse axis to drive impeller by speed changer disjunctor, while driving vertical shaft, drives oxygenation water wheels, impeller cylinder
Set some blades on shape wheel hub, oxygenation water wheels are the inside and outside nested structure of hollow cone, overcoat top sets circular locating dowel, two
Individual locating dowel intermediate vertical sets two discharge pores, and inner sleeve top sets the Long Circle location hole with positioning column kit, in two location holes
Between set a discharge pore, set some fresh air inlets on oxygenation water wheels top cover, often discharge into and set in air holes deep bead, on oxygenation water wheels shell
If some water extraction boards, overcoat venthole is placed in water extraction board root both sides.
Preferably, two discharge pores of the overcoat vertically correspond to a discharge pore of inner sleeve.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
The present invention is by the strict control to feeding time so that the giant salamander also will not mutually bait because of hungry, together
When also save the giant salamander nursing feed, further reduce the giant salamander batch production feed cost, improve raiser
Economic profit, improve the income of raiser, sufficiently protect being catched and killed for the wild giant salamander；The giant salamander is enable in height
Cultivated in density environments, further improve the profit margin of doll's fish culture, increased the yield of the giant salamander, and shortened
The culture-cycle of the giant salamander, aquaculture cost is reduced, be that the edible and medical value of the giant salamander provides rich in natural resources, increasing
Oxygen device employs impeller driving device, can freely walk in fishpond, and relatively fixed aerator is greatly improved fishpond increasing
Oxygen area, simultaneously because employing the novel oxygenation water wheels of structure substantially improves fishpond oxygenation dissolved oxygen effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the cultural method of giant salamander of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the oxygen-increasing device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional views of the oxygen-increasing device of the present invention；
Wherein 1 is motor, 2 is speed changer disjunctor, 3 is control cabinet, 4 is transverse axis, 5 is support, 6 is impeller, 7 is body frame
Frame, 8 be keg float, 9 be chassis, 10 be vertical pivot, 11 be oxygenation water wheels, 12 be locating dowel, 13 be location hole, 14 be overcoat, 15 be
Inner sleeve, 16 be venthole, 17 be water extraction board, 18 be fresh air inlet, 19 be deep bead.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with example to this
Invention is described in further detail, but example is not as a limitation of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, embodiments of the invention are comprised the following steps：
The selection of S10, culturing pool：Culturing pool surrounding requires environment quiet, cool place, with fresh air, with surrounding hills and mountains around,
Trees are luxuriant, meagrely-populated, environment is relatively independent preferably, furthermore, it desired to have a good transport service, the bait such as local fish shrimp crab or pluck
Material aboundresources.
The design of S20, culturing pool：Giant salamander growth has obvious stage, and has metamorphosis process, propagates the giant salamander artificially
Its culturing pool palpus staged design is built, and oxygen-increasing device is arranged in culturing pool.Its cultivation pool area should regard giant salamander specification
Size is divided into：Young doll fishpond, young doll fishpond, into doll fishpond and close doll fishpond, its shape is with rectangle or ellipse
It is preferred, length-width ratio is 5: 3, at 3-5 times of cultivated its total length of the giant salamander, light is answered in plant's pond surrounding and bottom to its requirement for height
Sliding, top builds escaping-preventing facilities or adds a cover anti-escape network, and multiple caves can be designed in pond, is easy to that the giant salamander is hidden to hide, each cultivation
Pond should build independent irrigation and drainage facility, accomplish that water potential is effectively adjusted, and water is with easy access, and blowdown is convenient.Whole plant should build
Found the anti-escape perfect giant salamander, anti-theft, preventive establishments.Oxygen-increasing device includes main body frame, motor power, impeller-driven, oxygenation
Water wheels, aerator power section motor 1 drives two transverse axis 4 to drive impeller 6 by speed changer disjunctor 2, while driving vertical shaft 10, drives
Dynamic oxygenation water wheels 11, set some blades in the cylindrical bosses of impeller 6, oxygenation water wheels 11 are the inside and outside nested structure of hollow cone,
The top of overcoat 14 sets circular locating dowel 12, and two locating dowel intermediate verticals set two discharge pores 16, and the top of inner sleeve 15 sets and positioning
The Long Circle location hole 13 of column kit, sets a discharge pore 16 in the middle of two location holes, on oxygenation water wheels top cover some fresh air inlets are set
18, often discharge into and deep bead 16 is set in air holes, some water extraction boards 17 are set on oxygenation water wheels shell, overcoat venthole is placed in water extraction board
17 root both sides, 14 liang of overcoat discharges pore 16, and vertically correspondence inner sleeve 15 1 discharges pore 16.
S30, seed rearing：Sterilization, doll's fingerling sterilization, seedling identification and the part of breeding density four including culturing pool.
The sterilization of S301, culturing pool：Newly-built culturing pool, particularly cement pit, it is necessary to soak more than two months, treat its alkali
Property disappear after can put seed in a suitable place to breed.For original culturing pool will carry out disinfection, disinfecting drug typically with the bleaching powder of 2PPM or
90% trichlorphon of 1PPM kills the harmful organisms such as bacterium or parasite, and injecting new water after then being rinsed with clear water can put
Foster seed.
S302, the sterilization of doll's fingerling：To prevent doll's fingerling from bringing pathogenic microorganism in culturing pool into, should put in a suitable place to breed all
Doll's fingerling nitrofurans every cubic metre of water body 0.3g or methylene 0.6g be watered immersion 10 minutes, then by liquid medicine and
Doll's fingerling is together gently put into culturing pool.
S303, seedling identification：In amphibian animal, the species such as Hynobiidae, Salamandridae, Proteidae in Caudata and the giant salamander
It is very much like, distinguish them and most importantly compare its morphological feature；The giant salamander seed of high-quality should be body stalwartness, muscle
, without scar and parasite, abnormal front external gill is completely without pathology for plump, body surface.
S304, breeding density：Its breeding density of giant salamander culturing pool is regarding cultivation giant salamander specification and culturing pool water source, water
Depending on the factors such as body, bait.Generally, its scope of activities of the seed stage consideration giant salamander is less, and ingestion ability is weaker, puts
Foster density can be suitably bigger than normal, is easy to centralized management to raise.Considering that giant salamander scope of activities is big into the salamander stage, ingestion ability is strong, plus
Running foul of each other property, its breeding density should be little.We for many years cultivation practice think, the seed stage its breeding density be 70～
90 tails/square metre, into the tail of giant salamander stage 10～15/square metre.When putting in a suitable place to breed as far as possible, it is desirable to which specification ensures neat, between individuality
More than 0.6 times should not be differed.
S40, aquaculture management：Using Refrigeration Technique, strict temperature control, control light, improve production efficiency, the scientific cultivation of implementation,
Formulate cultural technique operational procedure.
S401, bait feeding：Doll's fish bait preferably the fresh and alive fish shrimp crab frog and pluck, its bait feeding and fish
Class breeding bait feeds the same, should accomplish timing, positioning, determine matter, quantitatively.Regularly, according to giant salamander activity situation, feed and exist more
Carry out at dusk；Positioning, bait placement position near giant salamander cave, should be easy to the giant salamander of laziness to take food；Determine matter, the giant salamander
Food quality is required tighter, it is desirable to fresh and alive, and the kind to bait can not change too big, it is to avoid giant salamander food refusal；Quantitatively,
The giant salamander is voracious, and feeding amount should be incremental from less to more, is typically fed by the 10～20% of body weight, when specifically feeding
Should also suitably be adjusted situations such as individual according to water temperature, weather conditions, giant salamander.When giant salamander bait feeding is eaten food, should use up
Amount keeps the giant salamander not frightened, it is to avoid it tells food.
S402, regulating water quality：The cultivation giant salamander answers Jing often to keep giant salamander pool inner water matter clearly pollution-free, water transparency
Greatly, dissolved oxygen amount is high, and pH value is between 7.2～8.In actual breeding process, residual bait and excreta are removed in time, periodically with raw stone
Grey regulating water quality, it is long-term to keep water flowing.
S403, regulation water temperature and illumination：During the broiling summer with cold winter, it is necessary to take cooling or heat measure,
Guarantee that the giant salamander has a suitable water temperature growing environment；Giant salamander photophobia, plant should take measures to avoid a day light intensity from penetrating, night
During evening inspection, it is impossible to high light to penetrating.
S404, anti-escape anti-theft：The giant salamander escapes ability extra-heavy, and its land or underwater exercise is more quick, and the top that can climb
Weight, it is necessary to the moment notes anti-escape, especially when raining in torrents it is noted that.All intake-outlets of culturing pool and whole plant and land
Passway will fill escaping-preventing facilities.Its economic worth of giant salamander is higher, to note at the moment preventing lawless person's in breeding process
Steal.
S405, the species of ingesting of the young giant salamander：The species of ingesting of the young giant salamander, the region perched because of the giant salamander and food
Structure it is different and different.But Major Foods include following several classes：(1) (2) aquatic oligochaetes such as cladocera flea shape Magna, carina culvert
Water silk earthworm, cercobranchiate earthworm etc..(3) water and soil insects aquatic insect larva, chironomus larvas.(4) fish and shrimp loach, crucian, river crab
Deng.(5) artifical compound feed.
S50, daily management：Giant salamander happiness is quiet to be afraid of noisy, and happiness clear water is afraid of muddy water, and happiness is dark to be afraid of high light, to shine as far as possible in cultivation
Its these habits are turned round and look at, regularly to the giant salamander and culturing pool sterilization diseases prevention, notices that water temperature changes, summer control water temperature is less than 25
DEG C, in case aestivation, winter prevents water temperature to be less than freezing temperature.
S501, feeding skill：Feed is fed, preferably natural bait, mainly there is planktonic organism class, insects, meat and fish
Class, shellfish etc.；Sooner or later once, the time is morning 7 for each bait throwing in daily：Before 20 and evening 10：Before 20 preferably.Should be first in bait throwing in material
Clean out the residual bait of last time.Feeding volume is the 10～20% of body weight.Should increase daily ration, feeding quantity when water temperature is at 18～23 DEG C, number of times and
Time can keep constant.
The water quality requirement of S502, culturing pool：Require relatively to put down in the anniversary water temperature luffing for raising giant salamander indoor culture pond
Surely, water temperature can be than relatively low between 1～March, and water temperature can be higher between 7～September, for the giant salamander water temperature of artificial feeding
It is than convenient that should be maintained between 15～24 DEG C.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultural method of the giant salamander, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The selection of S10, culturing pool：Culturing pool surrounding requires environment quiet, cool place, with fresh air, with surrounding hills and mountains around, trees
Luxuriant, meagrely-populated, environment is relatively independent preferably, furthermore, it desired to have a good transport service, the bait such as local fish shrimp crab or pluck money
Enrich in source；
The design of S20, culturing pool：Giant salamander growth has obvious stage, and has metamorphosis process, and it is supported to propagate the giant salamander artificially
Grow pond palpus staged design to build, and oxygen-increasing device is set in culturing pool；
S30, seed rearing：Sterilization, doll's fingerling sterilization, seedling identification and the part of breeding density four including culturing pool；
S40, aquaculture management：Using Refrigeration Technique, strict temperature control, control light, improve production efficiency, the scientific cultivation of implementation are formulated
Cultural technique operational procedure；
S50, daily management：Giant salamander happiness is quiet to be afraid of noisy, and happiness clear water is afraid of muddy water, and happiness is dark to be afraid of high light, and it is looked after as far as possible in cultivation
These habits, regularly to the giant salamander and culturing pool sterilization diseases prevention, notes that water temperature changes, summer controls water temperature less than 25 DEG C,
In case aestivation, winter prevents water temperature to be less than freezing temperature.
2. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S20, its culturing pool face
Product should be divided into depending on giant salamander specification size：Young doll fishpond, young doll fishpond, into doll fishpond and close doll fishpond, its shape
Be preferred with rectangle or ellipse, length-width ratio is 5: 3, its requirement for height at 3-5 times of cultivated its total length of the giant salamander, plant
Pond surrounding and bottom should be smooth, and top builds escaping-preventing facilities or adds a cover anti-escape network, and multiple caves can be designed in pond, are easy to the giant salamander
Hidden to hide, each culturing pool should build independent irrigation and drainage facility, accomplish that water potential is effectively adjusted, and water is with easy access, and blowdown is convenient.
The anti-escape giant salamander of Erecting and improving, anti-theft, preventive establishments are answered by whole plant.
3. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S30, including following step
Suddenly：
The sterilization of S301, culturing pool：Newly-built culturing pool, particularly cement pit, it is necessary to soak more than two months, treat that its alkalescence disappears
Seed can be put after mistake in a suitable place to breed；
S302, the sterilization of doll's fingerling：To prevent doll's fingerling from bringing pathogenic microorganism in culturing pool into, should be by all babies for putting in a suitable place to breed
Baby's fingerling nitrofurans every cubic metre of water body 0.3g or methylene 0.6g is watered immersion 10 minutes, then by liquid medicine and doll
Fingerling is together gently put into culturing pool；
S303, seedling identification：In amphibian animal, the species such as Hynobiidae, Salamandridae, Proteidae in Caudata and the giant salamander are extremely
It is similar, distinguish them and most importantly compare its morphological feature；The giant salamander seed of high-quality should be body stalwartness, muscle fertilizer
, without scar and parasite, abnormal front external gill is completely without pathology for thick, body surface；
S304, breeding density：Its breeding density of giant salamander culturing pool is regarding cultivation giant salamander specification and culturing pool water source, water body, bait
Depending on the factors such as material.
4. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S40, also including following
Step：
S401, bait feeding：Doll's fish bait preferably the fresh and alive fish shrimp crab frog and pluck, with fish support by its bait feeding
Grow bait feeding the same, timing, positioning should be accomplished, determine matter, quantitative, when giant salamander bait feeding is eaten food, should try one's best and keep baby
Baby fish is not frightened, it is to avoid it tells food；
S402, regulating water quality：The cultivation giant salamander answers Jing often to keep giant salamander pool inner water matter clearly pollution-free, and water transparency is big,
Dissolved oxygen amount is high, and pH value is between 7.2～8；
S403, regulation water temperature and illumination：During the broiling summer with cold winter, it is necessary to take cooling or heat measure, it is ensured that
The giant salamander has a suitable water temperature growing environment；Giant salamander photophobia, plant should take measures to avoid a day light intensity from penetrating, and night patrols
When looking into, it is impossible to high light to penetrating；
S404, anti-escape anti-theft：The giant salamander escapes ability extra-heavy, and its land or underwater exercise is more quick, and the top weight that can climb, must
Must the moment note anti-escape, especially when raining in torrents it is noted that；
S405, the species of ingesting of the young giant salamander：The species of ingesting of the young giant salamander, the region perched because of the giant salamander and eating patterns
It is different and different.
5. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S50, including following step
Suddenly：
S501, feeding skill：Feed is fed, preferably natural bait, mainly there is planktonic organism class, insects, meat and fish, shellfish
Class etc.；
The water quality requirement of S502, culturing pool：It is relatively more steady in the anniversary water temperature luffing requirement for raising giant salamander indoor culture pond,
Water temperature can be than relatively low between 1～March, and water temperature can be higher between 7～September, should for the giant salamander water temperature of artificial feeding
It is than convenient to be maintained between 15～24 DEG C.
6. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the oxygen-increasing device include main body frame,
Motor, impeller-driven, oxygenation water wheels, the motor of the power section of oxygen-increasing device drives two transverse axis to drive leaf by speed changer disjunctor
Wheel, while driving vertical shaft, drives oxygenation water wheels, and some blades are set in impeller cylindrical bosses, and oxygenation water wheels are hollow cone
In vivo, jacket structure, overcoat top sets circular locating dowel, and two locating dowel intermediate verticals set two discharge pores, and inner sleeve top sets
With the Long Circle location hole of positioning column kit, a discharge pore is set in the middle of two location holes, on oxygenation water wheels top cover some air intakes are set
Hole, often discharges into and deep bead is set in air holes, and some water extraction boards are set on oxygenation water wheels shell, and overcoat venthole is placed in water extraction board root
Both sides.
7. the cultural method of the giant salamander as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that two discharge pores of the overcoat are vertically right
The one of inner sleeve is answered to discharge pore.
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