CN106585399B - 补电车及其充放电控制电路 - Google Patents

补电车及其充放电控制电路 Download PDF

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CN106585399B
CN106585399B CN201611060401.1A CN201611060401A CN106585399B CN 106585399 B CN106585399 B CN 106585399B CN 201611060401 A CN201611060401 A CN 201611060401A CN 106585399 B CN106585399 B CN 106585399B
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charge
battery pack
discharge
voltage
relay
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CN106585399A (zh
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彭军义
武宽
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Shenzhen OptimumNano Energy Co Ltd
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Shenzhen OptimumNano Energy Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/44—Control modes by parameter estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种充放电控制电路包括主控模块及多个充放电单元，每个充放电单元包括电池组、采集模块、放电继电器及充电机。每个采集模块采集相应的电池组的电压及电流信号，并将采集到的电压及电流信号输出给所述主控模块，当接收到放电信号时，所述主控模块控制每个放电继电器闭合，以使每个电池组通过相应的放电继电器给相应的充电机供电，所述主控模块根据接收到的电压信号判断所述多个电池组的电压高低，并控制电压高的电池组所对应的充电机增加输出电流，电压低的电池组所对应的充电机减少输出电流。上述充放电控制电路能避免大电流回流且能使多个电池组同时进行放电。本发明还提供一种应用所述充放电控制电路的补电车。

Description

补电车及其充放电控制电路
【技术领域】
本发明涉及电动汽车领域，尤其涉及一种补电车及其充放电控制电路。
【背景技术】
目前，移动补电车通常采用多组电池并联来存储电能。由于电池的特性在长期充放电过程中会出现较大的差异，因此，造成电池组之间可能存在过大的压差。又由于单体电池的电阻很小，通常约为毫欧，因此，1V的电压会造成20A的回流。由此可知，电池组之间过大的压差会造成大电流回流问题，而大电流回流可能会对控制回路中的元器件造成损坏，从而使补电车无法正常工作。
另外，现有的补电车在充电时优先对总电压低的电池组进行充电，在放电时优先对总电压高的电池进行放电，因此，所有的电池组无法同时进行充电或放电，从而减低了电池组的利用率，并且延长了充放电所需的时间。
鉴于此，实有必要提供一种补电车及其放电控制电路以克服以上缺陷。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的是提供一种能避免大电流回流且能使多个电池组同时进行放电的充放电控制电路。
本发明的目的是还提供一种应用所述充放电控制电路的补电车。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种充放电控制电路，所述充放电控制电路包括主控模块及多个充放电单元，每个充放电单元包括电池组、采集模块、放电继电器及充电机，每个电池组与相应的采集模块相连，并通过相应的放电继电器与相应的充电机相连，所述主控模块与每个采集模块、每个放电继电器及每个充电机相连，所述多个充放电单元的充电机相连，每个采集模块采集相应的电池组的电压及电流信号，并将采集到的电压及电流信号输出给所述主控模块，当接收到放电信号时，所述主控模块控制每个放电继电器闭合，以使每个电池组通过相应的放电继电器给相应的充电机供电，所述主控模块根据接收到的电压信号判断所述多个电池组的电压高低，并控制电压高的电池组所对应的充电机增加输出电流，电压低的电池组所对应的充电机减少输出电流。
进一步地，每个充放电单元还包括充电继电器，每个充电继电器与相应的电池组、所述主控模块及充电接口相连，当接收到充电信号时，所述主控模块控制每个充电继电器闭合，所述充电接口通过相应的充电继电器给相应的电池组充电，所述主控模块控制电压高的电池组减少输入电流，电压低的电池组增加输入电流。
进一步地，所述主控模块包括电池管理***。
进一步地，每个电池组还通过保险丝与相应的放电继电器及充电继电器相连。
进一步地，每个采集模块包括霍尔传感器。
进一步地，每个电池组包括多个先并联再串联的单体电池。
进一步地，每个电池组还包括串联在所述多个单体电池之间的中间继电器，所述中间继电器与所述采集模块相连，当所述采集模块采集所述电池组的电压及电流时，所述采集模块控制所述中间继电器闭合，当所述采集模块不采集所述电池组的电压及电流或采集到的电压及电流出现异常时，所述采集模块控制所述中间继电器断开。
为了实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种补电车，所述补电车包括如上所述的充放电控制电路、放电接口及充电接口，所述充放电控制电路与所述放电接口及所述充电接口相连，所述放电接口用于连接电动汽车，所述充电接口用于连接充电桩。
相比于现有技术，本发明通过为每个电池组设置一个充放电单元且在每个充放电单元中设置一个充电机，以使所述多个电池组之间不存在并联回路，从而使所述多个电池组之间即使存在电压差也不会造成大电流回流，进而使所述充放电控制电路有效地避免大电流回流。本发明通过所述主控模块在放电时控制每个放电继电器同时闭合，并控制电压高的电池组所对应的充电机增加输出电流，电压低的电池组所对应的充电机减少输出电流，从而使所述多个电池组能同时放电且达到放电平衡，进而缩短了放电时间，且提高了所述多个电池组的利用率。本发明还通过所述主控模块在充电时控制每个充电继电器同时闭合，并控制电压高的电池组减少输入电流，电压低的电池组增加输入电流，从而使所述多个电池组能同时充电且达到充电平衡，进而缩短了充电时间，且提高了所述多个电池组的利用率。
【附图说明】
图1为本发明的实施例提供的补电车的原理框图。
图2为本发明的实施例提供的补电车充电及放电时的原理框图。
图3为图1中每个充放电单元中电池组与采集模块、放电继电器及充电继电器相连的示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益技术效果更加清晰明白，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
请一并参阅图1及图2，本发明的实施例提供的补电车10包括充放电控制电路100、放电接口200及充电接口300。所述充放电控制电路100与所述放电接口200及所述充电接口300相连，所述放电接口200用于连接电动汽车20，所述充电接口300用于连接充电桩30。当所述放电接口200与所述电动汽车20相连时，所述补电车10可以为所述电动汽车20充电。当所述充电接口300与所述充电桩30相连，所述充电桩30可以为所述补电车10充电。
所述充放电控制电路100包括主控模块110及多个充放电单元120。每个充放电单元120包括电池组121、采集模块123、放电继电器125及充电机126。每个电池组121与相应的采集模块123相连，并通过相应的放电继电器125与相应的充电机126相连。所述主控模块110与每个采集模块123、每个放电继电器125及每个充电机126相连。所述多个充放电单元120的充电机126相连，每个充电机126与所述放电接口200相连。每个采集模块123采集相应的电池组121的电压及电流信号，并将采集到的电压及电流信号输出给所述主控模块110。当接收到放电信号时，所述主控模块110控制每个放电继电器125闭合，以使每个电池组121通过相应的放电继电器125给相应的充电机126供电。所述主控模块110控制电压高的电池组121所对应的充电机126增加输出电流，电压低的电池组121所对应的充电机126减少输出电流。在本实施方式中，所述主控模块110包括电池管理***，所述充放电单元120的数量可根据实际情况进行相应调整。
每个充放电单元120还包括充电继电器128，每个充电继电器128与相应的电池组121、所述主控模块110及充电接口300相连。当接收到充电信号时，所述主控模块110控制每个充电继电器128闭合，所述充电接口300通过相应的充电继电器128给相应的电池组121充电。所述主控模块110控制电压高的电池组121减少输入电流，电压低的电池组121增加输入电流。
请参阅图3，每个电池组121包括多个先并联再串联的单体电池B1。每个电池组121还包括串联在所述多个单体电池B1之间的中间继电器1216，所述中间继电器1216与所述采集模块123相连。当所述采集模块123采集所述电池组121的电压及电流时，所述采集模块123控制所述中间继电器1216闭合。当所述采集模块123不采集所述电池组121的电压及电流或采集到的电压及电流出现异常时，所述采集模块123控制所述中间继电器1216断开。每个电池组121还通过保险丝F1与相应的放电继电器125及充电继电器128相连。每个采集模块123包括霍尔传感器。所述保险丝F1用于防止大电流对所述充放电控制电路100中的电子元件造成损坏。
下面将对本发明补电车10及其充放电控制电路100的工作原理进行说明。
工作时，每个采集模块123控制相应的电池组121的中间继电器1216闭合，并采集相应的电池组121的电压及电流信号，且将采集到的电压及电流信号输出给所述主控模块110。在本实施方式中，每个采集模块123在不采集相应的电池组121的电压及电流或采集到的电压及电流出现异常时，控制相应的中间继电器1216断开，从而对相应的电池组121进行保护并节省电能。
当所述电动汽车20与所述放电接口200相连，且所述主控模块110接收到放电信号时，所述主控模块110控制每个放电继电器125闭合。每个电池组121通过相应的放电继电器125给相应的充电机126供电，每个充电机126通过所述放电接口200给所述电动汽车20充电。所述主控模块110根据接收到的电压信号判断所述多个电池组121的电压高低，并控制电压高的电池组121所对应的充电机126增加输出电流，电压低的电池组121所对应的充电机126减少输出电流，从而使所述多个电池组121达到放电平衡。
当所述充电接口300与所述充电桩30相连，且所述主控模块110接收到充电信号时，所述主控模块110控制每个充电继电器128闭合。所述充电桩30通过所述充电接口300及相应的充电继电器128给相应的电池组121充电。所述主控模块110根据接收到的电压信号判断所述多个电池组121的电压高低，并控制电压高的电池组121减少输入电流，电压低的电池组121增加输入电流，从而使所述多个电池组121达到充电平衡。
本发明通过为每个电池组121设置一个充放电单元120且在每个充放电单元120中设置一个充电机126，以使所述多个电池组121之间不存在并联回路，从而使所述多个电池组121之间即使存在电压差也不会造成大电流回流，进而使所述充放电控制电路100有效地避免大电流回流。本发明通过所述主控模块110在放电时控制每个放电继电器125同时闭合，并控制电压高的电池组121所对应的充电机126增加输出电流，电压低的电池组121所对应的充电机126减少输出电流，从而使所述多个电池组121能同时放电且达到放电平衡，进而缩短了放电时间，且提高了所述多个电池组121的利用率。本发明还通过所述主控模块110在充电时控制每个充电继电器128同时闭合，并控制电压高的电池组121减少输入电流，电压低的电池组121增加输入电流，从而使所述多个电池组121能同时充电且达到充电平衡，进而缩短了充电时间，且提高了所述多个电池组121的利用率。
本发明并不仅仅限于说明书和实施例中所描述，因此对于熟悉领域的人员而言可容易地实现另外的优点和修改，故在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念的精神和范围的情况下，本发明并不限于特定的细节、代表性的设备和这里示出与描述的图示示例。

Claims (8)

1.一种充放电控制电路，其特征在于：所述充放电控制电路包括主控模块及多个充放电单元，每个充放电单元包括电池组、采集模块、放电继电器及充电机，每个电池组与相应的采集模块相连，并通过相应的放电继电器与相应的充电机相连，所述主控模块与每个采集模块、每个放电继电器及每个充电机相连，所述多个充放电单元的充电机相连，每个采集模块采集相应的电池组的电压及电流信号，并将采集到的电压及电流信号输出给所述主控模块，当接收到放电信号时，所述主控模块控制每个放电继电器闭合，以使每个电池组通过相应的放电继电器给相应的充电机供电，所述主控模块根据接收到的电压信号判断多个所述电池组的电压高低，并控制电压高的电池组所对应的充电机增加输出电流，电压低的电池组所对应的充电机减少输出电流。
2.如权利要求1所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：每个充放电单元还包括充电继电器，每个充电继电器与相应的电池组、所述主控模块及充电接口相连，当接收到充电信号时，所述主控模块控制每个充电继电器闭合，所述充电接口通过相应的充电继电器给相应的电池组充电，所述主控模块控制电压高的电池组减少输入电流，电压低的电池组增加输入电流。
3.如权利要求2所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：所述主控模块包括电池管理***。
4.如权利要求2所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：每个电池组还通过保险丝与相应的放电继电器及充电继电器相连。
5.如权利要求1所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：每个采集模块包括霍尔传感器。
6.如权利要求1所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：每个电池组包括多个先并联再串联的单体电池。
7.如权利要求6所述的充放电控制电路，其特征在于：每个电池组还包括串联在多个所述单体电池之间的中间继电器，所述中间继电器与所述采集模块相连，当所述采集模块采集所述电池组的电压及电流时，所述采集模块控制所述中间继电器闭合，当所述采集模块不采集所述电池组的电压及电流或采集到的电压及电流出现异常时，所述采集模块控制所述中间继电器断开。
8.一种补电车，其特征在于：所述补电车包括如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的充放电控制电路、放电接口及充电接口，所述充放电控制电路与所述放电接口及所述充电接口相连，所述放电接口用于连接电动汽车，所述充电接口用于连接充电桩。
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