CN106577471A - 一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于猪养殖技术领域，尤其是一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，具体方法如下：（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动；（2）猪的补饲。本发明使得野猪接触性传染性胸膜肺炎病害率降低至0~1%，有效避免猪肺疫的发生，使得平均日增重达到970.5~989.8g,使得料肉比降低至2.44~2.51，使得瘦肉率达到81.6%~82.4%。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于猪养殖技术领域，尤其是一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法。
背景技术
野猪肉以其脂肪少、营养价值高、野味浓郁等特点，逐渐成为家猪的替代品和新型绿色保健食品；育肥猪是指猪体重为25~120kg的阶段，该阶段是猪群养殖周期中生长发育最快的时期，育肥期的养殖方法直接关系到养猪效益的高低，尤其在猪育肥期的疾病防控工作不容忽视，猪育肥期常见疾病有猪肺疫和接触性传染性胸膜肺炎，从而导致猪增重和猪肉质量受到影响，延长育肥期；因此，发明一种能够有效解决育肥期野猪出现以上问题的养殖方法是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，具体方法如下：
（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动
将猪舍建造在养殖基地的中间位置，猪舍四个方向均设置舍门，在养殖基地空地上均匀种植兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草，每天8:00~17:00将野猪驱赶出猪舍使其进行自由活动采食，每天17:30对养殖基地进行清扫、并用杀菌剂进行喷洒；
所述的杀菌剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：龙船花提取物3.3~3.7份、反丁烯二酸1.2~1.4份、韭菜提取物6.4~7份、荷叶碱3.9~4.1份、辣椒素2.3~2.5份；
（2）猪的补饲
每天6:00对野猪饲喂其重量0.7%~0.9%的饲料、19:00对野猪饲喂其重量1.3%~1.5%的饲料，所述的饲料，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄豆70~80份、米糠31~35份、发酵玉米胚芽粕22~24份、茶籽油4~5份、新鲜西瓜皮26~30份、新鲜南瓜皮11~12份、新鲜地瓜藤34~38份、菝葜1.3~1.5份、藏丁香0.7~0.8份、零陵香1.1~1.2份、楠藤1.9~2.1份、漆姑草1.1~1.2份、芝麻素0.12~0.14份、芍药苷0.08~0.09份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草的种植总面积占养殖基地空地的29%~31%，兰花种植面积：石竹花种植面积：金花菜种植面积：甜象草种植面积=（1.3~1.5）：（2.4~2.6）：（16~18）：（26~28）。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的杀菌剂的质量分数为0.022%~0.026%，每次每平方米喷洒量为1.3~1.5mL。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的饲料的含水量为8.8%~9.2%。
作为发明进一步的方案：本发明所使用的菝葜、藏丁香、零陵香、楠藤和漆姑草的含量均以干重重量计。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，在养殖基地种植兰花和石竹花，其花香能够有效促进野猪的神经兴奋，促进其运动，增加采食量，种植金花菜和甜象草，为野猪提供丰富的蛋白营养；每天清扫养殖基地、并用本发明的杀菌剂进行喷洒，能够有效杀灭和抑制有害菌，为野猪的生长提供无菌环境，减少病害率；每天定时饲喂本发明的饲料，能够有效增强营养，并促进机体对营养成分的消化吸收转化，增强机体抗病能力；本发明使得野猪接触性传染性胸膜肺炎病害率降低至0~1%，有效避免猪肺疫的发生，使得平均日增重达到970.5~989.8g,使得料肉比降低至2.44~2.51，使得瘦肉率达到81.6%~82.4%。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，具体方法如下：
（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动
将猪舍建造在养殖基地的中间位置，猪舍四个方向均设置舍门，在养殖基地空地上均匀种植兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草，每天8:00~17:00将野猪驱赶出猪舍使其进行自由活动采食，每天17:30对养殖基地进行清扫、并用杀菌剂进行喷洒；
所述的杀菌剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：龙船花提取物3.3份、反丁烯二酸1.2份、韭菜提取物6.4份、荷叶碱3.9份、辣椒素2.3份；
（2）猪的补饲
每天6:00对野猪饲喂其重量0.7%~0.9%的饲料、19:00对野猪饲喂其重量1.3%的饲料，所述的饲料，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄豆70份、米糠31份、发酵玉米胚芽粕22份、茶籽油4份、新鲜西瓜皮26份、新鲜南瓜皮11份、新鲜地瓜藤34份、菝葜1.3份、藏丁香0.7份、零陵香1.1份、楠藤1.9份、漆姑草1.1份、芝麻素0.12份、芍药苷0.08份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草的种植总面积占养殖基地空地的29%，兰花种植面积：石竹花种植面积：金花菜种植面积：甜象草种植面积=1.3：2.4：16：26。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的杀菌剂的质量分数为0.022%，每次每平方米喷洒量为1.3mL。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的饲料的含水量为8.8%。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，具体方法如下：
（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动
将猪舍建造在养殖基地的中间位置，猪舍四个方向均设置舍门，在养殖基地空地上均匀种植兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草，每天8:00~17:00将野猪驱赶出猪舍使其进行自由活动采食，每天17:30对养殖基地进行清扫、并用杀菌剂进行喷洒；
所述的杀菌剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：龙船花提取物3.5份、反丁烯二酸1.3份、韭菜提取物6.7份、荷叶碱4份、辣椒素2.4份；
（2）猪的补饲
每天6:00对野猪饲喂其重量0.8%的饲料、19:00对野猪饲喂其重量1.4%的饲料，所述的饲料，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄豆75份、米糠33份、发酵玉米胚芽粕23份、茶籽油4.5份、新鲜西瓜皮28份、新鲜南瓜皮11.5份、新鲜地瓜藤36份、菝葜1.4份、藏丁香0.75份、零陵香1.15份、楠藤2份、漆姑草1.15份、芝麻素0.13份、芍药苷0.085份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草的种植总面积占养殖基地空地的30%，兰花种植面积：石竹花种植面积：金花菜种植面积：甜象草种植面积=1.4：2.5：17：27。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的杀菌剂的质量分数为0.024%，每次每平方米喷洒量为1.4mL。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的饲料的含水量为9%。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，具体方法如下：
（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动
将猪舍建造在养殖基地的中间位置，猪舍四个方向均设置舍门，在养殖基地空地上均匀种植兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草，每天8:00~17:00将野猪驱赶出猪舍使其进行自由活动采食，每天17:30对养殖基地进行清扫、并用杀菌剂进行喷洒；
所述的杀菌剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：龙船花提取物3.7份、反丁烯二酸1.4份、韭菜提取物7份、荷叶碱4.1份、辣椒素2.5份；
（2）猪的补饲
每天6:00对野猪饲喂其重量0.7%~0.9%的饲料、19:00对野猪饲喂其重量1.5%的饲料，所述的饲料，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄豆80份、米糠35份、发酵玉米胚芽粕24份、茶籽油5份、新鲜西瓜皮30份、新鲜南瓜皮12份、新鲜地瓜藤38份、菝葜1.5份、藏丁香0.8份、零陵香1.2份、楠藤2.1份、漆姑草1.2份、芝麻素0.14份、芍药苷0.09份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草的种植总面积占养殖基地空地的31%，兰花种植面积：石竹花种植面积：金花菜种植面积：甜象草种植面积=1.5：（2.4~2.6）：18： 28。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的杀菌剂的质量分数为0.026%，每次每平方米喷洒量为1.5mL。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的饲料的含水量为9.2%。
选择生长状况良好、25kg左右的野猪400头，平均分成4组，每组100头，用实施例的人工养殖方法和对比例野猪的人工普通养殖方法进行养殖，养殖100天，统计其接触性传染性胸膜肺炎病害率、猪肺疫病害率、平均日增重、料肉比和瘦肉率：
表1 实施例组和对比例组的实验结果
| 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例组 | |
| 接触性传染性胸膜肺炎病害率（%） | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
| 猪肺疫病害率（%） | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 平均日增重（g） | 970.5 | 978.5 | 989.8 | 814.3 |
| 料肉比 | 2.51 | 2.48 | 2.44 | 3.21 |
| 瘦肉率（%） | 81.6 | 81.9 | 82.4 | 62.9 |
从表1可知，本发明育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法使得野猪接触性传染性胸膜肺炎病害率降低至0~1%、相对对比例野猪的人工普通养殖方法降低6%~7%，有效避免猪肺疫的发生，使得平均日增重达到970.5~989.8g、相对对比例野猪的人工普通养殖方法日增重提高156.2~175.5g,使得料肉比降低至2.44~2.51、相对对比例野猪的人工普通养殖方法降低0.7~0.77，使得瘦肉率达到81.6%~82.4%、相对对比例野猪的人工普通养殖方法提高18.7%~19.5%。
Claims (4)
1.一种育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，其特征在于，具体方法如下：
（1）养殖基地的建设及野猪在养殖基地的活动
将猪舍建造在养殖基地的中间位置，猪舍四个方向均设置舍门，在养殖基地空地上均匀种植兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草，每天8:00~17:00将野猪驱赶出猪舍使其进行自由活动采食，每天17:30对养殖基地进行清扫、并用杀菌剂进行喷洒；
所述的杀菌剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：龙船花提取物3.3~3.7份、反丁烯二酸1.2~1.4份、韭菜提取物6.4~7份、荷叶碱3.9~4.1份、辣椒素2.3~2.5份；
（2）猪的补饲
每天6:00对野猪饲喂其重量0.7%~0.9%的饲料、19:00对野猪饲喂其重量1.3%~1.5%的饲料，所述的饲料，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄豆70~80份、米糠31~35份、发酵玉米胚芽粕22~24份、茶籽油4~5份、新鲜西瓜皮26~30份、新鲜南瓜皮11~12份、新鲜地瓜藤34~38份、菝葜1.3~1.5份、藏丁香0.7~0.8份、零陵香1.1~1.2份、楠藤1.9~2.1份、漆姑草1.1~1.2份、芝麻素0.12~0.14份、芍药苷0.08~0.09份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，其特征在于，所述的兰花、石竹花、金花菜、甜象草的种植总面积占养殖基地空地的29%~31%，兰花种植面积：石竹花种植面积：金花菜种植面积：甜象草种植面积=（1.3~1.5）：（2.4~2.6）：（16~18）：（26~28）。
3.根据权利要求1所述的育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，其特征在于，所述的杀菌剂的质量分数为0.022%~0.026%，每次每平方米喷洒量为1.3~1.5mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的育肥期野猪的人工养殖方法，其特征在于，所述的饲料的含水量为8.8%~9.2%。
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