CN106513678A - Powder sintering molding method and mold - Google Patents
Powder sintering molding method and mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN106513678A CN106513678A CN201611073068.8A CN201611073068A CN106513678A CN 106513678 A CN106513678 A CN 106513678A CN 201611073068 A CN201611073068 A CN 201611073068A CN 106513678 A CN106513678 A CN 106513678A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014987 copper Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009699 high-speed sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
- B22F3/1216—Container composition
- B22F3/1241—Container composition layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
- B22F3/1258—Container manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating metal powder sintering, in particular to a powder sintering molding method and mold. According to the method, a powder material is contained in a concave mold, heating current is input, the powder material is extruded under the condition of preventing the concave mold from shunting the heating current, and the powder material is subjected to sintering molding under pressure. Due to the fact that the heating current is input to the powder material under the condition of preventing the concave mold from shunting the heating current, the current density of the powder material can be increased, and the power load can be reduced; and in addition, the size of the concave mold is far larger than that of the powder material, and therefore after the current shunting function of the concave mold is eradicated, the heating effect of the powder material can be optimized to a large degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal powder sintered technical field of electrical heating, has especially related to a kind of powder sintered molding side
Method and mould.
Background technology
Powder metallurgy is one kind of powder sintered forming technique, and which is to use metal dust（Or metal dust and non-metal powder
The mixture at end）As raw material, the Technology of metal material, composite and all types of products is manufactured, with uniqueness
Chemical composition and machinery, physical property, have very vast potential for future development.
Discharge plasma sintering（Spark Plasma Sintering, abbreviation SPS）It is one kind of PM technique, its
It is by the ON-OFF DC pulse voltages that particular power source control device occurs are added on powder body blank, using electro-discharge machining
(discharge impact pressure and Jiao Er heating) is sintered to blank, while be also effectively utilized between pulsed discharge initial stage powder body producing
Raw Spark Discharges (moment produces high-temperature plasma) play a driving role to sintering, process with many conventional discharges
Be beyond one's reach effect, has become an important ring of synthesis process technology.Compared with normal sintering mode, SPS methods have operation
Simply, the features such as high speed sintering, high, safe and reliable repeatability, save space, save energy and low cost.
With conducting self-heating reaction synthesis method（SHS）Similar with microwave sintering method, SPS is itself inside effectively utilizes powder
Heating functioin and be sintered.In SPS sintering processes, electric discharge etc. that moment produces when electrode is passed through DC pulse current from
Daughter, makes inside sintered body each evengranular itself produce Joule heat and activate particle surface.Therefore SPS sintering processes can
To regard the result of granule electric discharge, conductive heater and pressurization comprehensive function as.Except heat and the two accelerations of sintering that pressurize because
Plain outer, in SPS technologies, intergranular effective electric discharge can produce localized hyperthermia, peel off surface local melting, surface mass；
The sputtering of high-temperature plasma and discharge impact can remove powder particle surface impurity（Such as oxide on surface etc.）With the gas of absorption.
SPS is relied on makes pulse current heat by graphite jig and sample.Existing SPS sintering forming dies include recessed
Mould and upper and lower pressure head.Wherein upper and lower pressure head can be induced current in powdered sample, to realize sintering.Meanwhile, upper and lower pressure head
Contact with die, make die conductive and heat.Although the heating of graphite die can be heated from outside to sample, graphite die pair
The pulse current of upper and lower pressure head transmission is shunted, and is reduced the electric current density of sample, be increased power supply load.Due to recessed
The volume of mould is much larger than volume of sample, and its shunting action is very it will be evident that the heating effect of sample can be reduced to a great extent
Really.
It is on the other hand, in powder metallurgy, also frequently with temperature and pressure base, compared with base of colding pressing, little with briquetting pressure,
The advantages of blank consistency is high.But, conventional temperature and pressure base be by mould to the dusty material in die cavity transmit heat come
Powder heating is realized, the efficiency of heating surface is low, and non-uniform temperature, affect product quality.Can be realized using resistance heating manner
The uniform quick heating of powder, i.e., induced current in powder batch by pressure head, makes blank itself produce Joule heat and reality
Now heat.Due to needing larger pressure during molding, female die of die typically adopts metal material, and size is larger.If heating
When die can produce shunting, then shunt current will be very big, directly affect heats.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of powder sintered forming method, to reduce the metal powder sintered molding of electrical heating
Power supply load, improve the efficiency of heating surface, optimize its heats.
Meanwhile, the present invention also aims to provide the powder sintered mould that can be used to implementing said method.
For achieving the above object, powder sintered forming method of the invention is employed the following technical solutions：Powder sintered molding
Method, the method are to be mounted in die and be passed through heated current by dusty material, in the condition for avoiding die from shunting heated current
It is lower by dusty material sinter molding.
The forming method is SPS forming methods, it is to avoid die shunting heated current is realizing by using compound concave die
, the compound concave die includes outer layer and is located at the insulating barrier of outer layer internal face.
When methods described is SPS forming methods, the outer layer is non-graphite outer layers, and the insulating barrier is ceramic layer.
The forming method be powder warm compaction molding method, it is to avoid die shunting heated current be by using compound concave die come
Realize, the compound concave die includes outer layer and is located at the insulating barrier of outer layer internal face.
When methods described is powder warm compaction molding method, the outer layer is steel layer.
Powder sintered mould is employed the following technical solutions：Powder sintered mould, including punch and with punch
The die matched somebody with somebody, the die are compound concave die, and the compound concave die includes outer layer and the insulating barrier on outer layer inwall.
The cladding material is graphite.
The insulating barrier is ceramic layer or steel layer.
Earthenware of the insulating barrier by elastic conjunction in outer layer is formed, or by outer layer inwall with thermal jet
The coating that painting or self- propagating mode are obtained is formed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Due to being passed through heated current to dusty material, it is to avoid die shunting heating electricity
Carry out under conditions of stream, therefore the electric current density of dusty material can be increased, reduce power supply load, in addition the volume of die
Much larger than dusty material volume, after its shunting action is prevented, the efficiency of heating surface can be improved to a great extent, optimize powder
The heats of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment 1 of powder sintered mould；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment 2 of powder sintered mould.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described further.
The specific embodiment of the powder sintered forming method of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, method used herein specifically SPS forming methods.
The method is to be mounted in die and be passed through heated current by dusty material, in the bar for avoiding die from shunting heated current
Plasma discharging heating is carried out to dusty material under part, dusty material sinter molding under stress is made.Wherein sinter molding be
Carry out under vacuum condition, it is to avoid die shunt heated current particular by using compound concave die or by die be set to insulation
Come what is realized, the compound concave die includes outer layer and is located at the insulating barrier of outer layer internal face die.The outer layer of compound concave die is stone
Black outer layer, insulating layer material adopt insulating ceramics, and wherein insulating ceramic materials are Al of the content more than 95%2O3Ceramics（Or hot pressing
Pure SiC ceramic）.Insulating barrier specifically can be formed by earthenware of the elastic conjunction in outer layer, or by outer layer inwall
On the coating that obtained with thermal spraying or self- propagating mode formed.
When the method is implemented, can carry out according to step in detail below：1）Quantitative dusty material to be sintered is put into
The seaming chuck of mould is then put into die cavity by the die die cavity of mould；2）Mould is put in the test cavity of SPS equipment, will examination
Test evacuation after the pass hull closure sealing of chamber；3）SPS equipment pressure heads are descending, press the upper and lower pressure head of touch tool so as to produce a level pressure
Power, and make upper male mould, material powder and the lower punch and SPS heating power supplies of mould constitute galvanic circle；4）Open SPS heating electricity
Source, is heated rapidly to dusty material and requires temperature, and molding under stress；5）Close power supply and remove pressure, make mould and burning
The product that knot is obtained（Blank）Test cavity is returned to into normal pressure after cooling；6）Equipment test chamber is opened, mould is taken out, mould is opened
Take out the product that sintering is obtained.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, method used herein specifically powder warm compaction molding method.
The method suitable for less than 900 DEG C it is compressing, carry out on the forcing press with heating power supply powder metallurgy into
Type.The method is to be mounted in die and be passed through heated current by dusty material, under conditions of die shunting heated current is avoided
Resistance heating is carried out to dusty material, dusty material sinter molding under stress is made.Avoid die shunting heated current specifically
Realize by using compound concave die, the compound concave die includes outer layer and is located at the insulating barrier of outer layer internal face.It is compound recessed
The outer layer of mould is metal outer, and insulating layer material adopts insulating ceramics, and wherein insulating ceramic materials are Al of the content more than 95%2O3
Ceramics（Or the pure SiC ceramic of hot pressing）.Insulating barrier specifically can be formed by earthenware of the elastic conjunction in outer layer, or is passed through
The coating obtained with thermal spraying or self- propagating mode on outer layer inwall is formed.
The concrete operation step of the enforcement the method：
1）By mould installion on the forcing press with heating power supply, upper lower punch connects the both positive and negative polarity of heating power supply respectively；
2）Dusty material to be sintered is put into into the die die cavity of mould；
3）Forcing press is descending, and upper male mould enters die die cavity, applies certain pressure to powder, and makes the upper male mould of mould, material
Powder and lower punch constitute galvanic circle with heating power supply；
4）Heating power supply is opened, is heated rapidly to dusty material and is required temperature, and molding under stress；
5）Heating power supply is closed, forcing press backhaul drives upper male mould up；
6）Forcing press ejecting mechanism drives lower punch up, the product stripping that sintering is obtained；
7）Repeat step 2）～6）Carry out the compacting sintering molding of powder metallurgy product.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, the powder is metal dust, but in other embodiments, the material of powder is not only
It is limited to metal, for example which can also be metal and nonmetallic mixture, or only nonmetallic, the such as sinterable compacting such as ceramics
The material of molding.
The embodiment 1 of the powder sintered mould of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, the device of the present embodiment is by matching each other
Punch, cushion block and die constitute.Its convex mould is divided into upper male mould 11 and lower punch 12, and cushion block is divided into cushion block 13 and lower cushion block
14, in the present embodiment, die is compound concave die, including outer layer 15 and the insulating barrier 16 being located on the inwall of outer layer 15.
The structure of upper male mould 11, lower punch 12, upper cushion block 13 and lower cushion block 14 is prior art, not superfluous herein
State.However it is necessary that especially, it is emphasized that upper male mould 11, lower punch 12, upper cushion block 13 and lower cushion block 14 are conductor material, this
Graphite material is specially in embodiment（Can also be using materials such as red coppers in other embodiments）, when in use can
Current path is constituted together with dusty material 17 to be sintered.
The outer layer 15 of compound concave die acts primarily as the effect of carrying, and in the present embodiment, the outer layer 15 of compound concave die is graphite
Outer layer, can be very good proof strength and thermostability, and certainly, in other embodiments, outer layer 15 can also adopt Steel material system
Into.Insulating barrier 16 acts primarily as insulating effect, uses dielectric ceramic layer herein.The material of ceramic layer is content more than 95%
Al2O3Ceramics（Or the pure SiC ceramic of hot pressing or other insulating ceramic materials）.Herein, the insulating barrier 16 of compound concave die is filled by interference
The earthenware fitted in outer layer is formed.
When in use, upper male mould, lower punch, upper cushion block and lower cushion block are formed together with dusty material to be sintered
Current path, now due to the insulating effect of insulating barrier, the relatively large die of volume is not involved in shunting, thus can reduce SPS
The power supply load of molding, improves the efficiency of heating surface, optimizes its heats.
The present invention powder sintered mould embodiment 2, as shown in Fig. 2 the device of the present embodiment include die and
The upper male mould 21 matched with die and lower punch 24.The die is compound concave die, by outer layer 25 and the inwall for being located at outer layer 25
On insulating barrier 23.Insulating barrier 23 acts primarily as insulating effect, while with thermostability and higher hardness, use absolutely herein
Edge ceramic layer.Outer layer 25 is mould steel, with preferable intensity and thermostability.
The embodiment 3 of the powder sintered mould of the present invention, the enforcement of the device and above-mentioned powder sintered mould
Example 1,2 is differed only in, and described insulating barrier formed by the coating obtained in thermal spraying mode on outer layer inwall.
The embodiment 4 of the powder sintered mould of the present invention, the enforcement of the device and above-mentioned powder sintered mould
Example 1,2 is differed only in, and described insulating barrier formed by the coating obtained in self- propagating mode on outer layer inwall.
In the other embodiments of the powder sintered mould of the present invention, the monoblock type that die may also be employed all insulation is recessed
Mould.
The embodiment of the die of the powder sintered mould of the present invention, the die can be burnt for the powder of the invention described above
The die of any one in the embodiment 1,2,3,4 of knot mould, it will not go into details herein.Certainly, die may also be employed complete exhausted
Edge is integrally die.
Claims (10)
1. powder sintered forming method, it is characterised in that the method is to be mounted in die and be passed through heated current by dusty material,
By dusty material sinter molding under conditions of die shunting heated current is avoided.
2. powder sintered forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the forming method is SPS forming methods,
Die is avoided to shunt heated current by using compound concave die to realize, the compound concave die includes outer layer and is located at outer layer
The insulating barrier of internal face.
3. powder sintered forming method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the outer layer is non-graphite outer layers.
4. the powder sintered forming method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the insulating barrier is ceramic layer.
5. powder sintered forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the forming method is powder warm compaction molding
Method, it is to avoid die shunts heated current by using compound concave die to realize, the compound concave die includes outer layer and sets
In the insulating barrier of outer layer internal face.
6. powder sintered forming method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the outer layer is steel layer.
7. powder sintered mould, the die matched including punch and with punch, it is characterised in that the die is compound recessed
Mould, the compound concave die include outer layer and the insulating barrier on outer layer inwall.
8. powder sintered mould according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cladding material is graphite.
9. the powder sintered mould according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the insulating barrier be ceramic layer or
Person's steel layer.
10. the powder sintered mould according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the insulating barrier is by elastic conjunction
Earthenware in outer layer is formed, or the coating shape by being obtained with thermal spraying or self- propagating mode on outer layer inwall
Into.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611073068.8A CN106513678A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Powder sintering molding method and mold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611073068.8A CN106513678A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Powder sintering molding method and mold |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106513678A true CN106513678A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=58353711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201611073068.8A Pending CN106513678A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Powder sintering molding method and mold |
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| CN107282929A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-24 | 大连大学 | Fiber alignment strengthens composite material by electric current direct heating powder hot extrusion preparation method and device |
| CN111334685A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-26 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of high-density Half-Heusler thermoelectric material and obtained product |
| CN112010651A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-01 | 四川大学 | Anode material forming and roasting integrated preparation equipment and preparation method |
| CN112658221A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Continuous casting method of high-entropy alloy |
| CN113927032A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-01-14 | 山东晶盾新材料科技有限公司 | Mold structure for rapid hot-pressing sintering |
| CN114986971A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Powder pressing mechanism, controllable pressing device and high-flux powder pressing machine |
| CN114986970A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明理工大学 | High-flux powder pressing control system and high-flux powder pressing method |
| CN115401197A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Diamond-impregnated bit manufacturing die, manufacturing method and diamond-impregnated bit |
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