CN106410974A - Two-stage energy storage system used for wireless sensor node - Google Patents
Two-stage energy storage system used for wireless sensor node Download PDFInfo
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- CN106410974A CN106410974A CN201611142973.4A CN201611142973A CN106410974A CN 106410974 A CN106410974 A CN 106410974A CN 201611142973 A CN201611142973 A CN 201611142973A CN 106410974 A CN106410974 A CN 106410974A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage energy storage system used for a wireless sensor node. The system includes a first-stage energy storage unit and a second-stage energy storage unit; the second-stage energy storage unit is parallelly connected at two ends of the first-stage energy storage unit; and the two-stage energy storage system used for the wireless sensor node selects in real time the size and number of second-stage energy storage components to be connected and a connection mode according to availability of energy of an environment where a sensor is, thereby achieving the optimal effective energy storage and recycle rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to system power supply technical field, deposit particularly to a kind of two-stage energy for wireless senser node
Storage system.
Background technology
Increasing in field applications such as infrastructure, high-risk environment monitoring and national defence with wireless senser, traditional
The method providing power supply using battery can not meet the demand of power supply, extracts with the environment residing for from sensor node
With the development further collecting energy technologies, specially to be powered using environmental energy collection technique or as supplementary power mode
Wireless sensor network is possibly realized.
If the finite energy that the environment residing for sensing system is obtained in that and be discontinuous, and during interval therein
Between again longer, then, the energy being stored on lithium battery or ultracapacitor will enter normal work shape repeatedly due to sensor
The electric leakage of state and lithium battery or super capacitor itself and depleted.In general, system is wanted for energy storage elements
When sensor signal receive-transmit system enters normal operating conditions from sleep state, starting time is more short better for Seeking Truth.If storage
The initial voltage of energy element is zero, then, when having collectable energy, the less charging rate of capacitance of energy-storage travelling wave tube is more
Fast or rate of voltage rise is faster, and the energy being collected just can be in time for sensor signal receive-transmit system offer work electricity
Pressure is so as to enter working condition as early as possible；On the other hand, if the capacitance of energy-storage travelling wave tube is less, the total capacity of its storage is fewer,
It is unfavorable for that when noenergy can be collected the long period, that is, the persistent period was shorter to system power supply；There is filling of low drain electrical property
Battery such as lithium battery is relatively suitable as energy-storage travelling wave tube, but the charging times of lithium battery i.e. service life are limited
(if once, the service life of lithium battery is less than 2 years for daily discharge and recharge), and need to design special charge and discharge control electricity
Road；The service life of super capacitor can exceed 10 years (can discharge and recharge more than 500,000 times), and is widely used in wireless senser
System, but the leakage current of super capacitor is again big than rechargeable battery, and the bigger leakage current of capacitance is bigger, and the higher electric leakage of voltage is more
Greatly；When capacitance voltage is close to limiting voltage, electric leakage assumes exponential type increases phenomenon.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless senser node.
For this reason, technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless senser node, including first order energy-storage units and second level storage
Can unit；Second level energy-storage units are connected in parallel on the two ends of first order energy-storage units；
First order energy-storage units include the first electric capacity Cs1, and one end of the first electric capacity Cs1 is connected to environmental energy simultaneously and collects system
System and the load of wireless sense network node, the other end ground connection of the first electric capacity Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3,
Four electric capacity Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, the 3rd switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th open
Close SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source class of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, brilliant
The grid of body pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, the drain electrode of transistor Mp successively by inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, first switch SW1,
3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th electric capacity Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, the other end of the 8th switch SW8
Ground connection；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor
The source ground of Mn；One end ground connection of the 4th switch SW4, another line terminating between the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1
Lu Shang；One end ground connection of the 5th switch SW5, on the circuit between another termination the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second
Switch SW2 is connected in parallel on the two ends of the series circuit being made up of first switch SW1 and the 3rd electric capacity Cs3；3rd switch SW3 is connected in parallel on
The two ends of the series circuit being made up of the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1；7th switch SW7 is connected in parallel on by the second electric capacity
Cs2, first switch SW1, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the two ends of the series circuit of the 6th switch SW6 composition.
The capacitance size of the first described electric capacity Cs1 is 10uF, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 4th electricity
Hold Cs4 and be super capacitor, and its capacitance size respectively 4F, 2F and 1F about.
Compared with prior art, this is used for two-stage energy storage system ring according to residing for sensor of wireless senser node
The availability of the border energy, real-time selection connects size, quantity and the connected mode of second level energy-storage travelling wave tube, reaches optimal having
Effect energy stores and reuse ratio.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the two-stage energy storage system provided by the present invention for wireless senser node.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described further, but following embodiment is absolutely not to this
Bright have any restriction.
As shown in figure 1, the described two-stage energy storage system for wireless senser node includes first order energy storage list
Unit and second level energy-storage units；Second level energy-storage units are connected in parallel on the two ends of first order energy-storage units；
First order energy-storage units include the first electric capacity Cs1, and one end of the first electric capacity Cs1 is connected to environmental energy simultaneously and collects system
System and the load of wireless sense network node, the other end ground connection of the first electric capacity Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3,
Four electric capacity Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, the 3rd switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th open
Close SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source class of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, brilliant
The grid of body pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, the drain electrode of transistor Mp successively by inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, first switch SW1,
3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th electric capacity Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, the other end of the 8th switch SW8
Ground connection；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor
The source ground of Mn；One end ground connection of the 4th switch SW4, another line terminating between the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1
Lu Shang；One end ground connection of the 5th switch SW5, on the circuit between another termination the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second
Switch SW2 is connected in parallel on the two ends of the series circuit being made up of first switch SW1 and the 3rd electric capacity Cs3；3rd switch SW3 is connected in parallel on
The two ends of the series circuit being made up of the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1；7th switch SW7 is connected in parallel on by the second electric capacity
Cs2, first switch SW1, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the two ends of the series circuit of the 6th switch SW6 composition.
The capacitance size of the first described electric capacity Cs1 is 10uF, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 4th electric capacity Cs4
For super capacitor, its capacitance size respectively 4F, 2F and 1F.
Embodiment provided by the present invention for the two-stage energy storage system of wireless senser node is as follows：
Assume that the energy of the energy and sensor node load consumption obtaining from environment is equal, in Fig. 1, the voltage of A point is in
One stationary value such as 3.5V relatively；When the voltage of A point is more than 3.6V, illustrate to remove supply sensor from the obtainable energy of environment
Node load is outer to also have surplus, and PWM controller is started working in switch buck mode, and unnecessary energy stores are stored up to the second level
Can unit；When A point voltage is less than 3.3V in Fig. 1, illustrate that the energy obtaining from environment is not enough to supply load, PWM controller
Started working in boost switching mode, then the energy of second level energy-storage units storage is sent to the first order.
Embodiment one：When the voltage of A point in Fig. 1 is less than or equal to 3.6V, now, first order energy-storage units are wireless biography
Sensor net node load supplying；
Embodiment two：When the voltage of A point in Fig. 1 is more than 3.6V, by PWM controller, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and electricity
The two-way DC/DC transducer of sense L composition is in the way of BUCK blood pressure lowering to the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 4th electric capacity
These energy-storage travelling wave tubes of Cs4 are charged；Because super capacitor has the characteristic of electric leakage, and electrical leakage quantity is with the increasing of capacitance and magnitude of voltage
Increase greatly, particularly when the voltage on electric capacity is close to ultimate value such as 2.7V, electrical leakage quantity presents the trend of index increase；As
Fruit increases storage capacitor simply, and when environmental energy is not enough, the energy of collection is part or all of because of electric leakage
Discharge, therefore, according to the practical situation obtaining energy from surrounding, first switch is automatically controlled by PWM controller
SW1, second switch SW2, the 3rd switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch SW6, the 7th switch SW7,
The shutoff of the 8th switch SW8 and closure are regulating and controlling the size of equivalent capacitance value in the energy-storage units of the second level；Once B point in Fig. 1
Voltage reaches the limit values 2.7V, and when now the voltage of A point is more than 3.6V in Fig. 1, PWM controller auto-control first switch
SW1, second switch SW2, the 3rd switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch SW6, the 7th switch SW7,
The 8th switch shutoff of SW8 and closure, and according to combination equivalent capacitance value order from small to large to determine the closure that switchs and
Disconnect, the assembled state of controlling switch and its size of equivalent capacitance value are as shown in table 1.
Embodiment three：When the energy collected from external environment can not meet wireless sensor network node loading demand, and
In Fig. 1, A point voltage drops to certain voltage such as 3.3V, and system detectio the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 4th electric capacity
When having voltage on Cs4, the two-way DC/DC transducer that is made up of PWM controller, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and inductance L with
The mode of operation reverse operation of Boost boosting, the electricity of storage on the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 4th electric capacity Cs4
Can be transported on the first electric capacity Cs1 it is ensured that wireless sensor network node loads normal work；Once A point voltage rises in Fig. 1
(3.6V can not be set, and otherwise, the energy being reversely transported on the first electric capacity Cs1 is reused for the second electricity again during 3.5V
Hold Cs2～the 4th electric capacity Cs4 to be charged), reverse active mode stops, and in Fig. 1, A point voltage is again decreased to 3.3V；
This process constantly repeats, and in Fig. 1, terminating below certain voltage such as 0.1V, two-way DC/DC transducer will for the voltage of B point
Can not effectively work, on super capacitor, remaining electric energy be will not pass through and is transferred to the first electricity in the way of Boost boosting
Hold on Cs1；If second level energy-storage units start to provide electric energy to the first electric capacity Cs1 from the state 14 shown in table 1, as B in Fig. 1
When 2.7V drops to 1.0V, the state of controlling switch is converted to the state 10 shown in table 1 to point voltage, so, B point electricity in Fig. 1
Pressure is changed into 3F from 7F and is risen to 1.75V again due to equivalent capacitance；When in Fig. 1, B point voltage is re-lowered to 1V due to discharging
When, the state of controlling switch is converted to the state 7 in table 1, and in Fig. 1, B point voltage rises to 1.5V again；In the same manner, shape hereafter
State is state 6, state 5, state 2 and state 1 successively；When in Fig. 1, B point voltage drops to 0.1V or more low-voltage, two-way DC/
DC transducer will not be able to effectively work, and in super equivalent capacity, remaining electric energy can not be controlled by PWM more effectively
Device processed, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and inductance L composition booster converter and be transferred on the first electric capacity Cs1.
Table 1
Claims (2)
1. a kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless senser node it is characterised in that described for wireless sensing
The two-stage energy storage system of device node includes first order energy-storage units and second level energy-storage units；Second level energy-storage units are in parallel
Two ends in first order energy-storage units；
First order energy-storage units include the first electric capacity Cs1, one end of the first electric capacity Cs1 be connected to simultaneously environmental energy collection system and
Wireless sense network node loads, the other end ground connection of the first electric capacity Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 4th electricity
Hold Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, the 3rd switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch
SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source class of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, crystal
The grid of pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, the drain electrode of transistor Mp successively by inductance L, the second electric capacity Cs2, first switch SW1,
Three electric capacity Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th electric capacity Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, another termination of the 8th switch SW8
Ground；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor Mn
Source ground；One end ground connection of the 4th switch SW4, another circuit terminating between the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1
On；One end ground connection of the 5th switch SW5, on the circuit between another termination the 3rd electric capacity Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second opens
Close the two ends that SW2 is connected in parallel on the series circuit being made up of first switch SW1 and the 3rd electric capacity Cs3；3rd switch SW3 be connected in parallel on by
The two ends of the series circuit of the second electric capacity Cs2 and first switch SW1 composition；7th switch SW7 be connected in parallel on by the second electric capacity Cs2,
First switch SW1, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the two ends of the series circuit of the 6th switch SW6 composition.
2. the two-stage energy storage system for wireless senser node according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
The first electric capacity Cs1 capacitance size be 10uF, the second electric capacity Cs2, the 3rd electric capacity Cs3, the 4th electric capacity Cs4 are super electricity
Hold, and its capacitance size is respectively 4F, 2F and 1F.
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| CN201611142973.4A CN106410974B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node |
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| CN201611142973.4A CN106410974B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node |
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| CN106410974B CN106410974B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021217456A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-04 | 武文静 | Micro energy harvesting chip, circuit, and device, and control method therefor |
| WO2023082135A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | 武文静 | Negative bootstrap circuit, micro-energy device, and control method for negative bootstrap circuit |
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| US20010043050A1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2001-11-22 | Carl Fisher | Apparatus and method for initial charging, self-starting, and operation of a power supply with an intermittent and/or variable energy source and a rechargeable energy storage device |
| CN101286853A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Energy supply device and method for sensor node in wireless network |
| CN101521410A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Method and device for power failure safeguard |
| CN103683912A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Machine tool spindle thermal power generation energy supply circuit used for wireless sensor and control method of circuit |
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2016
- 2016-12-13 CN CN201611142973.4A patent/CN106410974B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010043050A1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2001-11-22 | Carl Fisher | Apparatus and method for initial charging, self-starting, and operation of a power supply with an intermittent and/or variable energy source and a rechargeable energy storage device |
| CN101286853A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Energy supply device and method for sensor node in wireless network |
| CN101521410A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Method and device for power failure safeguard |
| CN103683912A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Machine tool spindle thermal power generation energy supply circuit used for wireless sensor and control method of circuit |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021217456A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-04 | 武文静 | Micro energy harvesting chip, circuit, and device, and control method therefor |
| WO2023082135A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | 武文静 | Negative bootstrap circuit, micro-energy device, and control method for negative bootstrap circuit |
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| CN106410974B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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