CN106410974B - A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node - Google Patents
A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node Download PDFInfo
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- CN106410974B CN106410974B CN201611142973.4A CN201611142973A CN106410974B CN 106410974 B CN106410974 B CN 106410974B CN 201611142973 A CN201611142973 A CN 201611142973A CN 106410974 B CN106410974 B CN 106410974B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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Abstract
Include first order energy-storage units and second level energy-storage units the invention discloses a kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node；Second level energy-storage units are connected in parallel on the both ends of first order energy-storage units；This is used for the two-stage energy storage system of wireless sensor node according to the availability of the sensor local environment energy, and real-time selection connects size, quantity and the connection type of second level energy-storage travelling wave tube, reaches best effective energy storage and reuse ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to system power supply technical field, more particularly to a kind of two-stage energy for wireless sensor node is deposited
Storage system.
Background technology
As wireless sensor is in increasing, the tradition of the fields applications such as infrastructure, high-risk environment monitoring and national defence
Cannot meet the needs of power supply using battery come the method for providing power supply, as the environment residing for the sensor node extracts
With the further development for collecting energy technologies, specially powered or as supplementary power mode using environmental energy collection technique
Wireless sensor network has become possibility.
If finite energy that the environment residing for sensing system can obtain and be discontinuous, and when interval therein
Between it is again longer, then, normal work shape will be entered repeatedly due to sensor by being stored in energy on lithium battery or ultracapacitor
The electric leakage of state and lithium battery or super capacitor itself and it is depleted.In general, system wants energy storage elements
It is more shorter better to start the time when sensor signal receive-transmit system enters normal operating conditions from sleep state for Seeking Truth.If storage
The initial voltage of energy element is zero, then, when having collectable energy, the smaller charging rate of capacitance of energy-storage travelling wave tube is got over
Fast or rate of voltage rise is faster, and the energy being collected can provide work electricity for sensor signal receive-transmit system in time
Pressure makes it enter working condition as early as possible；On the other hand, if the capacitance of energy-storage travelling wave tube is smaller, the total capacity of storage is fewer,
Being unfavorable for the long period when noenergy collects, the i.e. duration is shorter to system power supply；With filling for low drain electrical property
Battery such as lithium battery is relatively suitable as energy-storage travelling wave tube, but the charging times of lithium battery i.e. service life are limited
(if daily charge and discharge are primary, and the service life of lithium battery is no more than 2 years), and need to design special charge and discharge control electricity
Road；The service life of super capacitor can be more than 10 years (can charge and discharge 500,000 times or more), and be widely used in wireless sensor
System, but the leakage current of super capacitor is again bigger than rechargeable battery, capacitance is bigger, and leakage current is bigger, and the higher electric leakage of voltage is more
Greatly；When capacitance voltage is close to limiting voltage, electric leakage is presented exponential type and increases phenomenon.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of two-stage energy storage systems for wireless sensor node.
For this purpose, technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node, including first order energy-storage units and second level storage
It can unit；Second level energy-storage units are connected in parallel on the both ends of first order energy-storage units；
First order energy-storage units include that one end of the first capacitance Cs1, the first capacitance Cs1 is connected to environmental energy collection system simultaneously
System and the load of wireless sense network node, the other end ground connection of the first capacitance Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3,
Four capacitance Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th open
Close SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source level of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, brilliant
The grid of body pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, the drain electrode of transistor Mp successively by inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, first switch SW1,
Third capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th capacitance Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, the other end of the 8th switch SW8
Ground connection；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor
The source electrode of Mn is grounded；One end of 4th switch SW4 is grounded, another line terminated between the second capacitance Cs2 and first switch SW1
On the road；One end of 5th switch SW5 is grounded, on the circuit between another termination third capacitance Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second
Switch SW2 is connected in parallel on by the both ends of first switch SW1 and third capacitance the Cs3 series circuit formed；Third switch SW3 is connected in parallel on
By the both ends of the second capacitance Cs2 and first switch the SW1 series circuit formed；7th switch SW7 is connected in parallel on by the second capacitance
The both ends for the series circuit that Cs2, first switch SW1, third capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6 are formed.
The capacitance size of the first capacitance Cs1 is 10uF or so, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3, the 4th electricity
It is super capacitor to hold Cs4, and its capacitance size is respectively 4F, 2F and 1F or so.
Compared with prior art, this is used for the two-stage energy storage system of wireless sensor node according to ring residing for sensor
The availability of the border energy, real-time selection connect size, quantity and the connection type of second level energy-storage travelling wave tube, and reaching best has
Imitate energy stores and reuse ratio.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram provided by the present invention for the two-stage energy storage system of wireless sensor node.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described further, but following embodiments are absolutely not to this hair
It is bright to have any restrictions.
As shown in Figure 1, the two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node includes first order energy storage list
Member and second level energy-storage units；Second level energy-storage units are connected in parallel on the both ends of first order energy-storage units；
First order energy-storage units include that one end of the first capacitance Cs1, the first capacitance Cs1 is connected to environmental energy collection system simultaneously
System and the load of wireless sense network node, the other end ground connection of the first capacitance Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3,
Four capacitance Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th open
Close SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source level of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, brilliant
The grid of body pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, the drain electrode of transistor Mp successively by inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, first switch SW1,
Third capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th capacitance Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, the other end of the 8th switch SW8
Ground connection；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor
The source electrode of Mn is grounded；One end of 4th switch SW4 is grounded, another line terminated between the second capacitance Cs2 and first switch SW1
On the road；One end of 5th switch SW5 is grounded, on the circuit between another termination third capacitance Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second
Switch SW2 is connected in parallel on by the both ends of first switch SW1 and third capacitance the Cs3 series circuit formed；Third switch SW3 is connected in parallel on
By the both ends of the second capacitance Cs2 and first switch the SW1 series circuit formed；7th switch SW7 is connected in parallel on by the second capacitance
The both ends for the series circuit that Cs2, first switch SW1, third capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6 are formed.
The capacitance size of the first capacitance Cs1 is 10uF, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3, the 4th capacitance Cs4
For super capacitor, capacitance size is respectively 4F, 2F and 1F.
It is as follows provided by the present invention for the embodiment of the two-stage energy storage system of wireless sensor node：
Assuming that the energy of the energy and sensor node load consumption that are obtained from environment is equal, the voltage of A points is in Fig. 1
One opposite stationary value such as 3.5V；When the voltage of A points is more than 3.6V, illustrate the energy obtained by the environment except supplying sensor
Node load is outer to also have surplus, PWM controller to start to work in a manner of switch buck, extra energy stores are stored up to the second level
It can unit；When A points voltage is less than 3.3V in Fig. 1, illustrate that the energy obtained from environment is not enough to supply load, PWM controller
It is started to work in a manner of boost switching, then the energy that second level energy-storage units store is transmitted to the first order.
Embodiment one：When the voltage of A points in Fig. 1 is less than or equal to 3.6V, at this point, first order energy-storage units are wireless pass
Sensor net node load supplying；
Embodiment two：When the voltage of A points in Fig. 1 is more than 3.6V, by PWM controller, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and electricity
The two-way DC/DC converters of sense L compositions are in such a way that BUCK is depressured to the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3 and the 4th capacitance
These energy-storage travelling wave tubes of Cs4 charge；Since super capacitor has the characteristic of electric leakage, and electrical leakage quantity is with the increasing of capacitance and voltage value
Increase greatly, especially when the voltage on capacitance is close to limiting value such as 2.7V, electrical leakage quantity shows the increased trend of index；Such as
Fruit increases storage capacitor simply, and when environmental energy deficiency, the energy of collection may be part or all of due to electric leakage
It discharges, therefore, according to the actual conditions for obtaining energy from ambient enviroment, first switch is automatically controlled by PWM controller
SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch SW6, the 7th switch SW7,
The shutdown of 8th switch SW8 and closure regulate and control the size of equivalent capacitance value in the energy-storage units of the second level；Once B points in Fig. 1
Voltage reaches the limit values 2.7V, and when the voltage of A points is more than 3.6V in Fig. 1 at this time, PWM controller auto-control first switch
SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch SW6, the 7th switch SW7,
The shutdown of 8th switch SW8 and closure, and according to combination equivalent capacitance value sequence from small to large come determine switch closure and
It disconnects, the size of the assembled state and its equivalent capacitance value that control switch is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment three：When the energy collected from external environment cannot meet wireless sensor network node loading demand, and
A points voltage drops to certain voltage such as 3.3V, and the second capacitance of system detectio Cs2, third capacitance Cs3 and the 4th capacitance in Fig. 1
When having voltage on Cs4, the two-way DC/DC converters that are made of PWM controller, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and inductance L with
The operating mode reverse operation of Boost boostings, the electricity stored on the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3 and the 4th capacitance Cs4
It can be transported on the first capacitance Cs1, ensure wireless sensor network node load normal work；Once A points voltage rises in Fig. 1
(it cannot be arranged to 3.6V, otherwise, the energy being reversely transported on the first capacitance Cs1 is reused for again to the second electricity when 3.5V
Hold the capacitance Cs4 of Cs2~the 4th to charge), reverse active mode stops, until A points voltage is again decreased to 3.3V in Fig. 1；
This process constantly repeats, and until the voltage of B points in Fig. 1 is terminating below certain voltage such as 0.1V, two-way DC/DC converters will
It can not effectively work, remaining electric energy will not pass through on super capacitor is transferred to the first electricity in such a way that Boost boosts
Hold on Cs1；If second level energy-storage units provide electric energy since state 14 shown in table 1 to the first capacitance Cs1, as B in Fig. 1
When point voltage drops to 1.0V from 2.7V, the state for controlling switch is converted to state 10 shown in table 1, in this way, B points electricity in Fig. 1
Pressure is since equivalent capacitance becomes 3F from 7F and rises to 1.75V again；When B point voltages are re-lowered to 1V due to discharging in Fig. 1
When, the state for controlling switch is converted to state 7 in table 1, and B point voltages rise to 1.5V again in Fig. 1；Similarly, shape hereafter
State is state 6, state 5, state 2 and state 1 successively；When B points voltage drops to 0.1V or more low-voltage in Fig. 1, two-way DC/
DC converters will not be able to effectively work, and remaining electric energy cannot be controlled effectively by PWM again in super equivalent capacity
Device processed, transistor Mp, transistor Mn and inductance L compositions booster converter and be transferred on the first capacitance Cs1.
Table 1
Claims (2)
1. a kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node, which is characterized in that described is used for wireless sensing
The two-stage energy storage system of device node includes first order energy-storage units and second level energy-storage units；Second level energy-storage units are in parallel
At the both ends of first order energy-storage units；
One end of first order energy-storage units including the first capacitance Cs1, the first capacitance Cs1 be connected to simultaneously environmental energy collection system and
Wireless sense network node loads, the other end ground connection of the first capacitance Cs1；
Second level energy-storage units include transistor Mp, transistor Mn, inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3, the 4th electricity
Hold Cs4, first switch SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3, the 4th switch SW4, the 5th switch SW5, the 6th switch
SW6, the 7th switch SW7, the 8th switch SW8, PWM controller；The source level of transistor Mp is connected to environmental energy collection system, crystal
The grid of pipe Mp is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mp is successively by inductance L, the second capacitance Cs2, first switch SW1,
Three capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6, the 4th capacitance Cs4, the 8th switch SW8 are cascaded, another termination of the 8th switch SW8
Ground；The grid of transistor Mn is connected to PWM controller, and the drain electrode of transistor Mn is connected to the drain electrode of transistor Mp, transistor Mn
Source electrode ground connection；One end of 4th switch SW4 is grounded, another circuit terminated between the second capacitance Cs2 and first switch SW1
On；One end of 5th switch SW5 is grounded, on the circuit between another termination third capacitance Cs3 and the 6th switch SW6；Second opens
SW2 is closed to be connected in parallel on by the both ends of first switch SW1 and third capacitance the Cs3 series circuit formed；Third switch SW3 be connected in parallel on by
The both ends of the series circuit of second capacitance Cs2 and first switch SW1 compositions；7th switch SW7 be connected in parallel on by the second capacitance Cs2,
The both ends for the series circuit that first switch SW1, third capacitance Cs3, the 6th switch SW6 are formed.
2. the two-stage energy storage system according to claim 1 for wireless sensor node, which is characterized in that described
The first capacitance Cs1 capacitance size be 10uF, the second capacitance Cs2, third capacitance Cs3, the 4th capacitance Cs4 are super electricity
Hold, and its capacitance size is respectively 4F, 2F and 1F.
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| CN201611142973.4A CN106410974B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | A kind of two-stage energy storage system for wireless sensor node |
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| WO2021217456A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-04 | 武文静 | Micro energy harvesting chip, circuit, and device, and control method therefor |
| CN114342237B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-01-24 | 武文静 | Negative bootstrap circuit, micro energy equipment and control method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101286853A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Energy supply device and method for sensor node in wireless network |
| CN101521410A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Method and device for power failure safeguard |
| CN103683912A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Machine tool spindle thermal power generation energy supply circuit used for wireless sensor and control method of circuit |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6462507B2 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2002-10-08 | Okc Products, Inc. | Apparatus and method for initial charging, self-starting, and operation of a power supply with an intermittent and/or variable energy source and a rechargeable energy storage device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101286853A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Energy supply device and method for sensor node in wireless network |
| CN101521410A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Method and device for power failure safeguard |
| CN103683912A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Machine tool spindle thermal power generation energy supply circuit used for wireless sensor and control method of circuit |
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