CN106405463B - Microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method - Google Patents
Microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106405463B CN106405463B CN201610804858.2A CN201610804858A CN106405463B CN 106405463 B CN106405463 B CN 106405463B CN 201610804858 A CN201610804858 A CN 201610804858A CN 106405463 B CN106405463 B CN 106405463B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor methods, comprising: is transmitted to the power of areflexia load, the reflection coefficient of load, the phase angle of reflection coefficient of signal source and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of load according to the reflection coefficient of signal source, signal source and obtains the general expression of load incident power；The first predetermined angle, the second predetermined angle are adjusted by loading the general expression of incident power, and by the sum of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of signal source and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of load to obtain the first expression formula of load input power, the second expression formula of load input power；General expression, the first expression formula of load input power and the second expression formula of load input power of simultaneous load incident power obtain the reflection coefficient of signal source.The present invention has the advantage that the measurement by calibration source power magnitude under specific phase-shift condition determines its reflection coefficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave power meter fields of measurement, specifically design a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source reflection system
Number measurement method.
Background technique
For the accuracy of measurement for guaranteeing microwave power meter, power meter is typically equipped with the school for self-alignment 50MHz, 0dBm
Calibration signal source (or " derived reference signal " hereinafter referred to as " calibration source " or " source ").The presence of mismatch error influences calibration result,
Evaluate this influence, it is necessary to the reflection coefficient of accurate measurement calibration source.
Currently without the device dedicated for the 50MHz calibration source measurement of reflection-factor, but there are some general signal sources anti-
Penetrating coefficient measuring method can be used to implement this measurement.
If reflection coefficient is ΓGSignal source be transmitted to areflexia load power be P0, then when it connects reflection coefficient
For ΓLLoad when, load loss power PLIt can indicate are as follows:
θ in formulaG、θLThe respectively phase angle in source and load reflection coefficient.There are P in formula above0、θGAnd ГGThree unknown
Number, by the secondary available equation group being made of n equation of change load reflection coefficient of n (n >=3), solving equations are
Г can be obtainedG。
The air line of power seat connection different length can form the load of different reflection coefficients, the reflection coefficient of the load
It can be measured by Network Analyzer.Measuring principle figure respectively obtains P as shown in Figure 1, be sequentially ingressed into air lineL, i, utilize redundancy
Equation, calculating is iterated by least square method, last available signal source reflection coefficient.
Although the relevant technologies give the measurement method of general signal source reflection coefficient, this method is asked there are following
Topic:
1, this method can not provide an apparent measured mathematic(al) representation, and the uncertainty of measurement result is not easy
Evaluation；
2, measuring device and measurement process are complicated；
3, calculated result depends on power measurement accuracy, it is often necessary to have the measurement of redundancy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at least solve one of above-mentioned technical problem.
For this purpose, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor sides
Method determines its reflection coefficient by the measurement of calibration source power magnitude under specific phase-shift condition.
To achieve the goals above, embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of reflections of microwave power meter calibration signal source is
Number measurement method, comprising the following steps: S1: areflexia load is transmitted to according to the reflection coefficient of signal source, the signal source
Power, the reflection coefficient of load, the phase angle of reflection coefficient of the signal source and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of the load obtain
Load the general expression of incident power, wherein the reflection coefficient of the signal source, the signal source are transmitted to areflexia load
Power and the signal source reflection coefficient phase angle it is unknown；S2: by the general expression of the load incident power, and
The sum of phase angle and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of the load of the reflection coefficient by the signal source adjust the first preset angle
Degree is to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；By the general expression of the load incident power, and by the letter
The sum of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient in number source and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of the load the second predetermined angle of adjustment are to be loaded
Second expression formula of input power；S3: loaded described in simultaneous the general expression of incident power, the load input power the
One expression formula and the second expression formula of the load input power obtain the reflection coefficient of the signal source.
Microwave power meter calibration signal according to an embodiment of the present invention source measurement of reflection-factor method, passes through specific phase shift
Under the conditions of the measurement of calibration source power magnitude determine its reflection coefficient.For the microwave experiment room equipped with thermistor power meter
Speech, it is only necessary to which the cable for being equipped with two specific lengths again can measure；The mathematics of available calibration source the amplitude of reflection coefficient
Expression formula does not need redundant measurement, and the uncertainty of measurement result can be accurately assessed.
In addition, microwave power meter calibration signal according to the above embodiment of the present invention source measurement of reflection-factor method, also
It can have following additional technical characteristic:
Further, the general expression of the load incident power are as follows:
Wherein, PIIt is negative and carries incident power, ΓGFor the reflection coefficient of the signal source, P0Nothing is transmitted to for the signal source
The power of reflective loads, ΓLFor the reflection power of the load, θG、θLThe phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the respectively described signal source and
The phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the load.
Further, first predetermined angle is 180 °, and second predetermined angle is 90 °,
Then the first expression formula of the load input power are as follows:
Then the second expression formula of the load input power are as follows:
Further, in step s3, the expression formula of the reflection coefficient of the signal source are as follows:
Wherein,
Further, further includes:
S4: by following formula to the second of the first expression formula of the load input power and the load input power
Expression formula is modified:
Wherein, P 'I,180°、P′I,90°Power meter is read when respectively connecting respective cable, A180°、A90°Respectively corresponding electricity
The transmission loss of cable.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of the reflection coefficient of load in the related technology；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the measurement of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention is former
Reason figure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as pair
Limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply opposite
Importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
Referring to following description and drawings, it will be clear that these and other aspects of the embodiment of the present invention.In these descriptions
In attached drawing, some particular implementations in the embodiment of the present invention are specifically disclosed, to indicate to implement implementation of the invention
Some modes of the principle of example, but it is to be understood that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, of the invention
Embodiment includes all changes, modification and the equivalent fallen within the scope of the spirit and intension of attached claims.
The microwave power meter calibration signal according to an embodiment of the present invention source measurement of reflection-factor is described below in conjunction with attached drawing
Method.
Fig. 2 is the process of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention
Figure, Fig. 3 is the measuring principle figure of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention.
Please refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method, including following step
It is rapid:
S1: according to the reflection coefficient of signal source, signal source be transmitted to areflexia load power, load reflection coefficient,
The phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the phase angle and load of the reflection coefficient of signal source obtains the general expression of load incident power.Its
In, the phase angle that the reflection coefficient of signal source, signal source are transmitted to the reflection coefficient in the power and signal source of areflexia load is unknown.
In one embodiment of the invention, the general expression of incident power is loaded are as follows:
Wherein, PIIt is negative and carries incident power, ΓGFor the reflection coefficient of the signal source, P0Nothing is transmitted to for the signal source
The power of reflective loads, ΓLFor the reflection power of the load, θG、θLThe phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the respectively described signal source and
The phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the load.
S2: the general expression by loading incident power, and by the anti-of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of signal source and load
It penetrates the sum of phase angle of coefficient and adjusts the first predetermined angle to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；By loading incident function
The general expression of rate, and the sum of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of signal source and the phase angle of reflection coefficient of load adjustment second is pre-
If angle is to obtain the second expression formula of load input power.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first predetermined angle is 180 °, and the second predetermined angle is 90 °.It then loads defeated
Enter the first expression formula of power are as follows:
Then the second expression formula of load input power are as follows:
S3: simultaneous loads the general expression of incident power, the first expression formula of load input power and load input work
Second expression formula of rate obtains the reflection coefficient of signal source.
In one embodiment of the invention, step S3 further comprises: the general expression of simultaneous load incident power,
First expression formula of load input power and the second expression formula of load input power:
|ΓG|4|ΓL|4+F|ΓG|2|ΓL|2+ 1=0；
In formula,
It can finally solve
By the molecule of F, denominator with divided byObtain following formula:
It enablesFollowing formula can be obtained:
By above-mentioned calculating process it is found that if it is known that power seat reflection coefficient, it is only necessary to measure three performance numbers again
The reflection coefficient of calibration source is calculated.180 °, 90 ° of phase shifts can be obtained by using the transmission line of λ/4, λ/8, for
For 50MHz signal, the electrical length of required transmission line is respectively 1.5 meters and 0.75 meter.The influence of cable itself reflection coefficient can
To be corrected according to Network Analyzer measurement result, for 50MHz signal, this usual magnitude very little (< 0.005),
It can be ignored.Due to using same power seat, the calibration factor in measurement process is constant, therefore three above enter
Penetrate power ratio be equal to the corresponding indicated horsepower of power meter ratio, and due to progress be only power ratio calculate, for function
Itself accuracy of measurement of rate meter it is of less demanding.Power seat reflection coefficient can be measured by Network Analyzer.General power meter school
The reflection coefficient in quasi- source is smaller, and in order to obtain sufficiently high resolution ratio to guarantee accuracy of measurement, the power seat as load is answered
When work is in big mismatch Conditions, this purpose is may be implemented in the work resistance value for changing coaxial thermistor power seat, such as will just
When the thermistor power seat that often work resistance value is 200ohms is biased in 100ohms work, the amplitude of reflection coefficient is about
0.333。
In one embodiment of the invention, further comprising the steps of after step s 3:
S4: for the influence for eliminating cable loss, by following formula to the first expression formula of the load input power and
Second expression formula of the load input power is modified:
Wherein, P 'I,180°、P′I,90°Power meter is read when respectively connecting respective cable, A180°、A90°Respectively corresponding electricity
The transmission loss (dB) of cable, A180°、A90°It can be obtained with Network Analyzer measurement.
In addition, other compositions of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of the embodiment of the present invention with
And effect be all for a person skilled in the art it is known, in order to reduce redundancy, do not repeat them here.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is by claim and its equivalent limits.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method, which comprises the following steps:
S1: according to the reflection coefficient of signal source, the signal source be transmitted to areflexia load power, load reflection coefficient,
The phase angle of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source and the reflection coefficient of the load obtains the general table of load incident power
Up to formula；
It is described load incident power general expression be
Wherein, PIIt is negative and carries incident power, ΓGFor the reflection coefficient of the signal source, P0Areflexia is transmitted to for the signal source
The power of load, ΓLFor the reflection power of the load, θGFor the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source, θLFor the load
Reflection coefficient phase angle；
Wherein, the reflection coefficient of the signal source, the signal source be transmitted to areflexia load power and the signal source
The phase angle of reflection coefficient is unknown；
S2: by the general expression of the load incident power, and by the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source and described
The sum of phase angle of reflection coefficient of load adjusts the first predetermined angle to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；Described
One predetermined angle is 180 °；
Then the first expression formula of the load input power are as follows:
Wherein, PI,180°For the load incident power in the first predetermined angle；
By the general expression of the load incident power, and by the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source and the load
The sum of the phase angle of reflection coefficient the second predetermined angle of adjustment to obtain the second expression formula of load input power；Described second is pre-
If angle is 90 °；
Then the second expression formula of the load input power are as follows:
Wherein, PI,90°For the load incident power in the second predetermined angle；
S3: the general expression of incident power, the first expression formula of the load input power and described negative are loaded described in simultaneous
The second expression formula for carrying input power obtains the reflection coefficient of the signal source；
The expression formula of the reflection coefficient of the signal source are as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein, PI,0°For the load incident power of initial angle angle.
2. microwave power meter calibration signal according to claim 1 source measurement of reflection-factor method, which is characterized in that also
Include:
S4: by following formula to the first expression formula of the load input power and the second expression of the load input power
Formula is modified:
Wherein, P 'I,180°Power meter is read when to connect 1.5 meters of cables, P 'I,90°Power meter is read when to connect 0.75 meter of cable,
A180°For the transmission loss of 1.5 meters of cables, A90°For the transmission loss of 0.75 meter of cable.
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