CN106405463A - Measurement method of reflection coefficient of calibration signal source in microwave power meter - Google Patents
Measurement method of reflection coefficient of calibration signal source in microwave power meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106405463A CN106405463A CN201610804858.2A CN201610804858A CN106405463A CN 106405463 A CN106405463 A CN 106405463A CN 201610804858 A CN201610804858 A CN 201610804858A CN 106405463 A CN106405463 A CN 106405463A
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- signal source
- load
- power
- reflectance factor
- phase angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measurement method of the reflection coefficient of a calibration signal source in a microwave power meter. The method includes the following steps that: the general expression of the incident power of a load is obtained according to the reflection coefficient of the signal source, the power of the transmission of the signal source to the non-reflection load, the reflection coefficient of the load, the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source and the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the load; the sum of the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the signal source and the phase angle of the reflection coefficient of the load is adjusted by a first preset angle and a second preset angle according to the general expression of the incident power of the load, so that the first expression of the incident power of the load, and the second expression of the incident power of the load can be obtained; and the general expression of the incident power of the load, the first expression of the incident power of the load and the second expression of the incident power of the load are associated, so that the reflection coefficient of the signal source can be obtained. According to the measurement method of the invention, the reflection coefficient of the calibration source can be determined through measuring the power quantity value of the calibration source under a specific phase shift condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave power meter fields of measurement, a kind of specific design microwave power meter calibration signal source reflection system
Number measuring method.
Background technology
For ensureing the accuracy of measurement of microwave power meter, power meter is typically equipped with the school for self-alignment 50MHz, 0dBm
Calibration signal source (or claiming " derived reference signal " hereinafter referred to as " calibration source " or " source ").The presence impact calibration result of mismatch error,
Evaluate this impact it is necessary to accurately measure the reflectance factor of calibration source.
Currently without the device dedicated for the 50MHz calibration source measurement of reflection-factor, but there are some general signal sources anti-
Penetrate coefficient measuring method to can be used for realizing this measurement.
If reflectance factor is ΓGSignal source transmit to areflexia load power be P0, then when it connects reflectance factor
For ΓLLoad when, load loss power PLCan be expressed as：
θ in formulaG、θLThe source of being respectively and the phase angle of load reflection coefficient.There is P above in formula0、θGAnd ГGThree unknown
Number, can obtain an equation group being made up of n equation by the secondary load reflection coefficient that changes of n (n >=3), solving equations are
Can get ГG.
The air line of power seat connection different length can form the load of different reflectance factors, the reflectance factor of this load
Can be recorded by Network Analyzer.Measuring principle figure, as shown in figure 1, being sequentially ingressed into air line, respectively obtains PL, i, using redundancy
Equation, by least square method be iterated calculate, finally can obtain signal source reflectance factor.
Although correlation technique gives the measuring method of general signal source reflectance factor, there is following asking in the method
Topic：
1st, the method cannot provide a distinct measured mathematic(al) representation, and the uncertainty of its measurement result is difficult
Evaluation；
2nd, measurement apparatus and measurement process are complicated；
3rd, result of calculation depends on the power measurement degree of accuracy it is often necessary to there be the measurement of redundancy.
Content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of above-mentioned technical problem.
For this reason, it is an object of the present invention to proposing a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor side
Method, determines its reflectance factor by the measurement of calibration source power magnitude under the conditions of specific phase shift.
To achieve these goals, embodiment of the invention discloses that a kind of reflection of microwave power meter calibration signal source is
Number measuring method, comprises the following steps：S1：Transmitted to areflexia load according to the reflectance factor of signal source, described signal source
Power, the phase angle of the reflectance factor of reflectance factor, the phase angle of the reflectance factor of described signal source and described load of load obtain
The general expression of load incident power, wherein, the reflectance factor of described signal source, described signal source are transmitted to areflexia load
Power and described signal source reflectance factor phase angle unknown；S2：By the general expression of described load incident power, and
The phase angle sum of the reflectance factor of the phase angle of the described reflectance factor by described signal source and described load adjusts the first preset angle
Degree is to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；By the general expression of described load incident power, and by described letter
The phase angle sum of the reflectance factor of the phase angle of reflectance factor in number source and described load adjusts the second predetermined angle to be loaded
Second expression formula of input power；S3：Load described in simultaneous the general expression of incident power, the of described load input power
Second expression formula of one expression formula and described load input power obtains the reflectance factor of described signal source.
Microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method according to embodiments of the present invention, by specific phase shift
Under the conditions of the measurement of calibration source power magnitude determine its reflectance factor.For the microwave experiment room being furnished with thermistor power meter
Speech is it is only necessary to the cable being equipped with two length-specifics again can measure；The mathematics of calibration source the amplitude of reflection coefficient can be obtained
Expression formula is it is not necessary to redundant measurement, and the uncertainty for measurement result can accurately be evaluated.
In addition, microwave power meter calibration signal source according to the above embodiment of the present invention measurement of reflection-factor method, also
Can have the technical characteristic adding as follows：
Further, the general expression of described load incident power is：
Wherein, PIFor loading incident power, ΓGFor the reflectance factor of described signal source, P0Transmit to no for described signal source
The power of reflective loads, ΓLFor the reflection power of described load, θG、θLBe respectively described signal source the phase angle of reflectance factor and
The phase angle of the reflectance factor of described load.
Further, described first predetermined angle is 180 °, and described second predetermined angle is 90 °,
Then the first expression formula of described load input power is：
Then the second expression formula of described load input power is：
Further, in step s3, the expression formula of the reflectance factor of described signal source is：
Wherein,
Further, also include：
S4：By below equation to the first expression formula of described load input power and described load input power second
Expression formula is modified：
Wherein, P 'I,180°、P′I,90°It is respectively power meter reading when connecting respective cable, A180°、A90°It is respectively accordingly electricity
The loss of cable.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and partly will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become from reference to the description to embodiment for the accompanying drawings below
Substantially and easy to understand, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of the reflectance factor of the load in correlation technique；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the measurement of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention is former
Reason figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish
The element that same or similar label represents same or similar element or has same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal ", " horizontal ", " on ", D score,
The orientation of instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or dark
Show the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that right
The restriction of the present invention.Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint are relative
Importance.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or is integrally connected；Can
To be to be mechanically connected or electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
With reference to explained below and accompanying drawing it will be clear that these and other aspects of embodiments of the invention.In these descriptions
In accompanying drawing, specifically disclose some particular implementation in embodiments of the invention, to represent the enforcement implementing the present invention
Some modes of the principle of example are but it is to be understood that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, the present invention
Embodiment includes falling into all changes in the range of the spirit of attached claims and intension, modification and equivalent.
Below in conjunction with the Description of Drawings microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor according to embodiments of the present invention
Method.
Fig. 2 is the flow process of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention
Figure, Fig. 3 is the measuring principle figure of the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of one embodiment of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method, walk including following
Suddenly：
S1：According to the reflectance factor of signal source, signal source transmit to the power of areflexia load, the reflectance factor of load,
The phase angle of the reflectance factor of the phase angle of the reflectance factor of signal source and load obtains loading the general expression of incident power.Its
In, the phase angle that the reflectance factor of signal source, signal source transmit the reflectance factor in the power and signal source to areflexia load is unknown.
In one embodiment of the invention, the general expression of load incident power is：
Wherein, PIFor loading incident power, ΓGFor the reflectance factor of described signal source, P0Transmit to no for described signal source
The power of reflective loads, ΓLFor the reflection power of described load, θG、θLBe respectively described signal source the phase angle of reflectance factor and
The phase angle of the reflectance factor of described load.
S2：By loading the general expression of incident power and the phase angle of the reflectance factor of signal source is anti-with load
The phase angle sum penetrating coefficient adjusts the first predetermined angle to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；By the incident work(of load
The general expression of rate, and will be pre- for the phase angle sum adjustment second of the phase angle of the reflectance factor of signal source and the reflectance factor of load
If angle is to obtain the second expression formula of load input power.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first predetermined angle is 180 °, and the second predetermined angle is 90 °.Then load defeated
The first expression formula entering power is：
Then the second expression formula of load input power is：
S3：Simultaneous loads general expression, the first expression formula of load input power and the load input work of incident power
Second expression formula of rate obtains the reflectance factor of signal source.
In one embodiment of the invention, step S3 further includes：The general expression of simultaneous load incident power,
First expression formula of load input power and the second expression formula of load input power：
|ΓG|4|ΓL|4+F|ΓG|2|ΓL|2+ 1=0；
In formula,
Finally can solve
By the molecule of F, denominator with divided byObtain following formula：
OrderCan get following formula：
By above-mentioned calculating process, if it is known that power seat reflectance factor is it is only necessary to record three performance numbers again
It is calculated the reflectance factor of calibration source.180 °, 90 ° of phase shifts can obtain by using the transmission line of λ/4, λ/8, for
For 50MHz signal, the electrical length of required transmission line is respectively 1.5 meters and 0.75 meter.The impact of cable itself reflectance factor can
To be revised according to Network Analyzer measurement result, for 50MHz signal, generally this value very little (＜ 0.005),
It is negligible.Due to using same power seat, the calibration factor in measurement process is constant, and therefore three above enter
The ratio penetrating power is equal to the ratio of the corresponding indicated horsepower of power meter, and is only that power ratio calculates due to carry out, for work(
Itself accuracy of measurement of rate meter less demanding.Power seat reflectance factor can be recorded by Network Analyzer.General power meter school
The reflectance factor in quasi- source is less, and in order to obtain sufficiently high resolution ratio to ensure accuracy of measurement, the power seat as load should
When being operated in big mismatch Conditions, the work resistance changing coaxial thermistor power seat can realize this purpose, for example will just
When often the thermistor power seat for 200ohms for the work resistance is biased in 100ohms work, its amplitude of reflection coefficient is about
0.333.
In one embodiment of the invention, further comprising the steps of after step s 3：
S4：For eliminating the impact of cable loss, by below equation to the first expression formula of described load input power and
Second expression formula of described load input power is modified：
Wherein, P 'I,180°、P′I,90°It is respectively power meter reading when connecting respective cable, A180°、A90°It is respectively accordingly electricity
The loss (dB) of cable, A180°、A90°Can be obtained with Network Analyzer measurement.
In addition, the microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method of the embodiment of the present invention other constitute with
And effect is all known for a person skilled in the art, in order to reduce redundancy, do not repeat.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy describing with reference to this embodiment or example
Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
Multiple changes, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case of the principle of the disengaging present invention and objective, this
The scope of invention by claim and its is equal to limit.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1：According to the reflectance factor of signal source, described signal source transmit to the power of areflexia load, the reflectance factor of load,
The phase angle of the reflectance factor of the phase angle of the reflectance factor of described signal source and described load obtains loading the general table of incident power
Reach formula, wherein, the reflectance factor of described signal source, described signal source transmit power and described signal source to areflexia load
The phase angle of reflectance factor is unknown；
S2：By described load incident power general expression, and the phase angle of the described reflectance factor by described signal source and
The phase angle sum of the reflectance factor of described load adjusts the first predetermined angle to obtain the first expression formula of load input power；Logical
Cross the general expression of described load incident power, and the reflection by the phase angle of the reflectance factor of described signal source and described load
The phase angle sum of coefficient adjusts the second predetermined angle to obtain the second expression formula of load input power；
S3：The general expression of incident power, the first expression formula of described load input power and described negative is loaded described in simultaneous
The second expression formula carrying input power obtains the reflectance factor of described signal source.
2. microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
State load incident power general expression be：
Wherein, PIFor loading incident power, ΓGFor the reflectance factor of described signal source, P0Transmit to areflexia for described signal source
The power of load, ΓLFor the reflection power of described load, θG、θLIt is respectively the phase angle of reflectance factor of described signal source and described
The phase angle of the reflectance factor of load.
3. microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that institute
State the first predetermined angle and be 180 °, described second predetermined angle is 90 °,
Then the first expression formula of described load input power is：
Then the second expression formula of described load input power is：
4. microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that
In step S3, the expression formula of the reflectance factor of described signal source is：
Wherein,
5. microwave power meter calibration signal source measurement of reflection-factor method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that go back
Including：
S4：By below equation, the first expression formula of described load input power and the second of described load input power are expressed
Formula is modified：
Wherein, P 'I,180°、P′I,90°It is respectively power meter reading when connecting respective cable, A180°、A90°It is respectively respective cable
Loss.
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| CN113296039A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-24 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Method for determining calibration factor of combination |
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