CN106386112A - Cowpea planting method capable of improving quality of cowpea - Google Patents
Cowpea planting method capable of improving quality of cowpea Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386112A CN106386112A CN201610797531.7A CN201610797531A CN106386112A CN 106386112 A CN106386112 A CN 106386112A CN 201610797531 A CN201610797531 A CN 201610797531A CN 106386112 A CN106386112 A CN 106386112A
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- cowpea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cowpea planting method capable of improving quality of cowpea. The cowpea planting method includes the following steps; 1) seed pretreatment: pricking a plurality of holes in surfaces of cowpea seeds, soaking the cowpea seeds in a seed soaking solution for 24 hours, and injecting air into the seed soaking solution every 7 hours; 2): seedling raising: putting 2-3 cowpea seeds in each hole, and putting 30-40 g of polyacrylamide particles in each hole; and removing a preservative film when the height of the seedlings reaches 2 cm after germination; and 3) field management: inserting frames when the height of the seedlings reaches 15-20 cm, and leading vines to the frames at noon or afternoon on a sunny day; and spraying cowpea plants with a liquid fertilizer once every 10 days. The planting method is high in operability. The obtained cowpea by adoption of the planting method is rich in nutriment ingredients, is fresh and tasty in taste, and is higher in the quality than that of the cowpea in markets; and the planting method has good market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cowpea field of planting, more particularly, to a kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality.
Background technology
With expanding economy, people increasingly focus on the absorption of nutrition.Cowpea is divided into asparagus bean and two kinds of meal cowpea, belongs to beans
Section's plant annual herb plant.Cowpea is edible with green bean, and its nutrition is abundanter, can stir-fry and eat, cold and dressed with sauce, salt marsh, processing
Pickles and solarization fresh kidney beans processed are done.Cowpea all has extensive plantation in China various places, and not only area is big, and scope is wide, and generally likes eating
With becoming one of vegetables of summer and autumn.Yet with the unreasonable of existing cowpea implantation methods and not science, lead to harvest
Cowpea nutrient content low.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solution at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality, comprise the following steps:
Step 1), Seeds preprocess
Prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, be placed in soaking 24h in seed soak, soak toward described seed every 6h
It is passed through air in bubble liquid;After immersion finishes, pull cowpea seed out and dry, with the electric current of current strength 1.8~2.0A to cowpea kind
Son carries out 0.1S shock treatment, twice daily to cowpea seed play rock music 30min, wherein said seed soak by with
The raw material of lower weight portion is mixed to get:80~100 parts of pure water, 0.8~1.0 part of gibberellin and 5~6 portions of konjaku flours;
Step 2), nursery
Choose the soil that surface 0.3m is all equipped with black earth earth, uniformly press 30kg/ mu and apply nutrition fertilizer, soil takes
Multiple cave hole, 2~3 cowpea seed are thrown in each cave, and place the polyacrylamide particle of 30~40g;Then in cave
Surface is coated with one layer of sawdust, sprays, toward sawdust surface, the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1%, until the water content of sawdust reaches
45%, lay one layer of preservative film on sawdust surface, prick several through holes on preservative film surface;
After germinateing and seedling grows to 2cm, remove preservative film;
Step 3) field management
Treat that seedling grows to 15~20cm, bay, and in fine day noon or afternoon draws climing added;And spray a not good liquor in every 10 days
Body is fertile;
Wherein, described nutrition fertilizer is obtained by following steps:
A, 10 parts of durian cores, 10 parts of mangosteen cores, 8 parts of lychee exocarps and 6 parts of mangosteen shells are taken to be pulverized and mixed by weight, Xiang Qi
Middle 20 parts of water mixing of addition, are placed in sealing device, are passed through air thereto so that the pressure in sealing device reaches 0.7MPa,
It is heated to 50 DEG C, keeps 12h, then carry out microwave treatment 2h with the microwave of frequency 1000MHz, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue;
B, take 30 parts of apple skins, 25 parts of banana skins, 23 parts of pomelo peels and 20 parts of watermelon peels to pulverize by weight, and with step
The filtrate mixing that rapid A obtains, making beating, obtain pericarp mixture, be laid on the panel of dry tack free, in pericarp mixture surface stamp
Multiple holes, spray the first bio-fermentation agents toward in through hole, wherein, described first bio-fermentation agent and described pericarp mixture
Weight compare 100:1, then spray the second bio-fermentation agents on pericarp mixture surface, obtain fermentate;
The filter residue mixing that C, the fermentate that step B is obtained and step A obtain, is dried, granulation.
Preferably, the cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, the particle diameter of described polyacrylamide particle is 2
~4mm.
Preferably, the cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp with
And mangosteen shell is required to before use through disinfecting.
Preferably, the cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described apple skin, banana skin, pomelo peel with
And watermelon peel is required to before use through disinfecting.
Preferably, the cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described Liquid Fertilizer is biological liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, the cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, prick multiple apertures, tool on cowpea seed surface
Body is:Prick the aperture that multiple apertures are 1cm on cowpea seed surface.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:
(1) present invention is in step 1) in, the present invention, when pre-processing to cowpea seed, opens in the surface of the seed first
Hole, is placed in immersion 2h in seed soak, is passed through air, seed can be effectively ensured and sprout in 6h is toward described seed soak
Oxygen during sending out needs, and improves seed germination efficiency;And in seed soak, contain konjaku flour, and konjaku flour is as one kind
Natural water-loss reducer, environmental protection, moisture not only can be absorbed first, after progressively to discharge moisture be the sprouting of seed and rhizome
Growth provides necessary moisture, plays the effect of fabulous equilibrium water conten;And first in the surface of the seed perforate, konjaku flour solution
Can enter in hole, carry konjaku powder water swelling, be conducive to seed hull automatically to peel off, be conducive to seed to sprout and follow-up
Root;Shock treatment is carried out to seed, seed can be stimulated, improve seed germination rate;Listen rock music to seed, also may be used
To stimulate seed, improve seed germination rate;
(2) present invention is in step 2) in, in cave place water-loss reducer polyacrylamide particle, early stage water more when
Wait, absorb water, treat that later stage moisture is less, discharge moisture, can be very good balanced soil moisture, provide very well for germination
Advantage;
(3) nutrition fertilizer prepared in the present invention is with durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp, mangosteen shell, apple skin, banana skin, shaddock
The fruit fertilizer such as sub- skin and watermelon peel is raw material, wide material sources, and wherein also has substantial amounts of fiber and micronutrient
The green nourishing material such as matter, compares the chemical fertilizer of more traditional use, not only environmental protection, and provides enough battalion for cowpea growth
Form point, substantially increase the nutrient content of cowpea so that cowpea taste more pure and fresh sweet so that the quality of cowpea obtains
Very big raising;
(4) present invention in step, carries out microwave treatment to mixture, using microwave concussion and principle of heating, can be very
Good discharges the nutrient content in durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp and mangosteen shell.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that used herein such as " have ", "comprising" and " inclusion " term do not allot one or many
The presence of individual other element or a combination thereof or interpolation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality, comprise the following steps:
Step 1), Seeds preprocess
Prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, be placed in soaking 24h in seed soak, soak toward described seed every 6h
It is passed through air in bubble liquid;After immersion finishes, pull cowpea seed out and dry, with the electric current of current strength 1.8A, cowpea seed is carried out
0.1S shock treatment, plays rock music 30min to cowpea seed, wherein said seed soak is by following weight twice daily
The raw material of part is mixed to get:80 parts of pure water, 0.8 part of gibberellin and 5 portions of konjaku flours;
Step 2), nursery
Choose the soil that surface 0.3m is all equipped with black earth earth, uniformly press 30kg/ mu and apply nutrition fertilizer, soil takes
Multiple cave hole, 2 cowpea seed are thrown in each cave, and place the polyacrylamide particle of 30g;Then it is coated with excavation surface
One layer of sawdust, sprays, toward sawdust surface, the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1%, until the water content of sawdust reaches 45%,
One layer of preservative film is laid on sawdust surface, pricks several through holes on preservative film surface;
After germinateing and seedling grows to 2cm, remove preservative film;
Step 3) field management
Treat that seedling grows to 15cm, bay, and in fine day noon or afternoon draws climing added;And spray a liquid in every 10 days
Fertile;
Wherein, described nutrition fertilizer is obtained by following steps:
A, 10 parts of durian cores, 10 parts of mangosteen cores, 8 parts of lychee exocarps and 6 parts of mangosteen shells are taken to be pulverized and mixed by weight, Xiang Qi
Middle 20 parts of water mixing of addition, are placed in sealing device, are passed through air thereto so that the pressure in sealing device reaches 0.7MPa,
It is heated to 50 DEG C, keeps 12h, then carry out microwave treatment 2h with the microwave of frequency 1000MHz, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue;
B, take 30 parts of apple skins, 25 parts of banana skins, 23 parts of pomelo peels and 20 parts of watermelon peels to pulverize by weight, and with step
The filtrate mixing that rapid A obtains, making beating, obtain pericarp mixture, be laid on the panel of dry tack free, in pericarp mixture surface stamp
Multiple holes, spray the first bio-fermentation agents toward in through hole, wherein, described first bio-fermentation agent and described pericarp mixture
Weight compare 100:1, then spray the second bio-fermentation agents on pericarp mixture surface, obtain fermentate;
The filter residue mixing that C, the fermentate that step B is obtained and step A obtain, is dried, granulation.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, the particle diameter of described polyacrylamide particle is 2mm.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp and mangosteen shell exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described apple skin, banana skin, pomelo peel and watermelon peel exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described Liquid Fertilizer is biological liquid fertilizer.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, specially:In cowpea
Beans the surface of the seed pricks the aperture that multiple apertures are 1cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality, comprise the following steps:
Step 1), Seeds preprocess
Prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, be placed in soaking 24h in seed soak, soak toward described seed every 6h
It is passed through air in bubble liquid;After immersion finishes, pull cowpea seed out and dry, with the electric current of current strength 1.9A, cowpea seed is carried out
0.1S shock treatment, plays rock music 30min to cowpea seed, wherein said seed soak is by following weight twice daily
The raw material of part is mixed to get:90 parts of pure water, 0.9 part of gibberellin and 5.5 portions of konjaku flours;
Step 2), nursery
Choose the soil that surface 0.3m is all equipped with black earth earth, uniformly press 30kg/ mu and apply nutrition fertilizer, soil takes
Multiple cave hole, 2 cowpea seed are thrown in each cave, and place the polyacrylamide particle of 35g;Then it is coated with excavation surface
One layer of sawdust, sprays, toward sawdust surface, the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1%, until the water content of sawdust reaches 45%,
One layer of preservative film is laid on sawdust surface, pricks several through holes on preservative film surface;
After germinateing and seedling grows to 2cm, remove preservative film;
Step 3) field management
Treat that seedling grows to 18cm, bay, and in fine day noon or afternoon draws climing added;And spray a liquid in every 10 days
Fertile;
Wherein, described nutrition fertilizer is obtained by following steps:
A, 10 parts of durian cores, 10 parts of mangosteen cores, 8 parts of lychee exocarps and 6 parts of mangosteen shells are taken to be pulverized and mixed by weight, Xiang Qi
Middle 20 parts of water mixing of addition, are placed in sealing device, are passed through air thereto so that the pressure in sealing device reaches 0.7MPa,
It is heated to 50 DEG C, keeps 12h, then carry out microwave treatment 2h with the microwave of frequency 1000MHz, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue;
B, take 30 parts of apple skins, 25 parts of banana skins, 23 parts of pomelo peels and 20 parts of watermelon peels to pulverize by weight, and with step
The filtrate mixing that rapid A obtains, making beating, obtain pericarp mixture, be laid on the panel of dry tack free, in pericarp mixture surface stamp
Multiple holes, spray the first bio-fermentation agents toward in through hole, wherein, described first bio-fermentation agent and described pericarp mixture
Weight compare 100:1, then spray the second bio-fermentation agents on pericarp mixture surface, obtain fermentate;
The filter residue mixing that C, the fermentate that step B is obtained and step A obtain, is dried, granulation.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, the particle diameter of described polyacrylamide particle is 3mm.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp and mangosteen shell exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described apple skin, banana skin, pomelo peel and watermelon peel exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described Liquid Fertilizer is biological liquid fertilizer.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, specially:In cowpea
Beans the surface of the seed pricks the aperture that multiple apertures are 1cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality, comprise the following steps:
Step 1), Seeds preprocess
Prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, be placed in soaking 24h in seed soak, soak toward described seed every 6h
It is passed through air in bubble liquid;After immersion finishes, pull cowpea seed out and dry, with the electric current of current strength 2.0A, cowpea seed is carried out
0.1S shock treatment, plays rock music 30min to cowpea seed, wherein said seed soak is by following weight twice daily
The raw material of part is mixed to get:100 parts of pure water, 1.0 parts of gibberellin and 6 portions of konjaku flours;
Step 2), nursery
Choose the soil that surface 0.3m is all equipped with black earth earth, uniformly press 30kg/ mu and apply nutrition fertilizer, soil takes
Multiple cave hole, 3 cowpea seed are thrown in each cave, and place the polyacrylamide particle of 40g;Then it is coated with excavation surface
One layer of sawdust, sprays, toward sawdust surface, the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1%, until the water content of sawdust reaches 45%,
One layer of preservative film is laid on sawdust surface, pricks several through holes on preservative film surface;
After germinateing and seedling grows to 2cm, remove preservative film;
Step 3) field management
Treat that seedling grows to 20cm, bay, and in fine day noon or afternoon draws climing added;And spray a liquid in every 10 days
Fertile;
Wherein, described nutrition fertilizer is obtained by following steps:
A, 10 parts of durian cores, 10 parts of mangosteen cores, 8 parts of lychee exocarps and 6 parts of mangosteen shells are taken to be pulverized and mixed by weight, Xiang Qi
Middle 20 parts of water mixing of addition, are placed in sealing device, are passed through air thereto so that the pressure in sealing device reaches 0.7MPa,
It is heated to 50 DEG C, keeps 12h, then carry out microwave treatment 2h with the microwave of frequency 1000MHz, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue;
B, take 30 parts of apple skins, 25 parts of banana skins, 23 parts of pomelo peels and 20 parts of watermelon peels to pulverize by weight, and with step
The filtrate mixing that rapid A obtains, making beating, obtain pericarp mixture, be laid on the panel of dry tack free, in pericarp mixture surface stamp
Multiple holes, spray the first bio-fermentation agents toward in through hole, wherein, described first bio-fermentation agent and described pericarp mixture
Weight compare 100:1, then spray the second bio-fermentation agents on pericarp mixture surface, obtain fermentate;
The filter residue mixing that C, the fermentate that step B is obtained and step A obtain, is dried, granulation.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, the particle diameter of described polyacrylamide particle is 2~4mm.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described durian core, mangosteen core, lychee exocarp and mangosteen shell exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described apple skin, banana skin, pomelo peel and watermelon peel exist
Using being front required to through disinfecting.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, described Liquid Fertilizer is biological liquid fertilizer.
The cowpea implantation methods of described raising cowpea quality, prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, specially:In cowpea
Beans the surface of the seed pricks the aperture that multiple apertures are 1cm.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore under the universal being limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1), Seeds preprocess
Prick multiple apertures on cowpea seed surface, be placed in soaking 24h in seed soak, every 6h toward described seed soak
In be passed through air;After immersion finishes, pull cowpea seed out and dry, with the electric current of current strength 1.8~2.0A, cowpea seed is entered
Row 0.1S shock treatment, plays rock music 30min to cowpea seed, wherein said seed soak is by following heavy twice daily
The raw material of amount part is mixed to get:80~100 parts of pure water, 0.8~1.0 part of gibberellin and 5~6 portions of konjaku flours;
Step 2), nursery
Choose the soil that surface 0.3m is all equipped with black earth earth, uniformly press 30kg/ mu and apply nutrition fertilizer, soil takes multiple
Cave hole, 2~3 cowpea seed are thrown in each cave, and place the polyacrylamide particle of 30~40g;Then in excavation surface
It is coated with one layer of sawdust, sprays, toward sawdust surface, the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1%, until the water content of sawdust reaches
45%, lay one layer of preservative film on sawdust surface, prick several through holes on preservative film surface;
After germinateing and seedling grows to 2cm, remove preservative film;
Step 3) field management
Treat that seedling grows to 15~20cm, bay, and in fine day noon or afternoon draws climing added;And spray a liquid in every 10 days
Fertile;
Wherein, described nutrition fertilizer is obtained by following steps:
A, take 10 parts of durian cores, 10 parts of mangosteen cores, 8 parts of lychee exocarps and 6 parts of mangosteen shells to be pulverized and mixed by weight, thereto plus
Enter 20 parts of water mixing, be placed in sealing device, be passed through air thereto so that the pressure in sealing device reaches 0.7MPa, heating
To 50 DEG C, keep 12h, then carry out microwave treatment 2h with the microwave of frequency 1000MHz, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue;
B, take 30 parts of apple skins, 25 parts of banana skins, 23 parts of pomelo peels and 20 parts of watermelon peels to pulverize by weight, and with step A
The filtrate mixing obtaining, making beating, obtain pericarp mixture, be laid on the panel of dry tack free, stab on pericarp mixture surface many
Individual hole, sprays the first bio-fermentation agents toward in through hole, wherein, described first bio-fermentation agent and described pericarp mixture
Weight compares 100:1, then spray the second bio-fermentation agents on pericarp mixture surface, obtain fermentate;
The filter residue mixing that C, the fermentate that step B is obtained and step A obtain, is dried, granulation.
2. the cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described polyacrylamide
The particle diameter of grain is 2~4mm.
3. the cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described durian core, mangosteen
Core, lychee exocarp and mangosteen shell are required to before use through disinfecting.
4. the cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described apple skin, banana
Skin, pomelo peel and watermelon peel are required to before use through disinfecting.
5. the cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described Liquid Fertilizer is biology
Liquid Fertilizer.
6. the cowpea implantation methods improving cowpea quality as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that prick on cowpea seed surface
Multiple apertures, specially:Prick the aperture that multiple apertures are 1cm on cowpea seed surface.
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CN109121547A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-04 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method promoting cowpea germination characteristic |
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