CN106343180B - Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106343180B CN106343180B CN201610790866.6A CN201610790866A CN106343180B CN 106343180 B CN106343180 B CN 106343180B CN 201610790866 A CN201610790866 A CN 201610790866A CN 106343180 B CN106343180 B CN 106343180B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- feed
- chrysanthemum powder
- sheep
- goats
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed for increasing the weight of black goats, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix. The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed for improving the weight of the black goats.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of feed processing, and particularly relates to a feed for increasing the weight of black goats and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the Guizhou province grass sheep farming industry achieves certain performance, but the problems of insufficient nutrition, slow growth speed and the like of goats exist, and the sustainable development of the Guizhou province sheep farming industry is restricted. The breeding of goats in Guizhou province mainly comprises grazing, the influence of the forage yield along with seasonal changes is large, especially in winter and spring hay seasons, the goat grazing consumes too much energy, the nutrients are not applied, and the growth performance of the goat grazing is not favorably exerted, so that the barn feeding is gradually a choice for breeding goats. Research shows that the supplementary feeding can improve the production performance of Guizhou white goats, and the supplementary feeding effect of Guizhou black goats is not reported much. The conventional daily ration nutrient content intake level of the Guizhou goat needs to be improved, and the mutton sheep feeding standard (2004) is not completely suitable for the Guizhou goat breeding.
Based on the actual situation that the breeding standard of the black goats for meat is not established at present in Guizhou province, practitioners of the sheep breeding in the Guizhou province need to establish the breeding standard according to the breeding management conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to fully exert the growth potential of the goats and improve the feeding benefit, the fattening experiment is carried out on the goats, the feed formula suitable for the black goats in Guizhou with low cost is explored, the goats take more nutrition by supplementing concentrate and reasonably preparing daily ration under the condition of grazing, the goats can keep vigorous metabolic capability and growth speed with economic investment cost, the weight of the goats can be rapidly improved in a short period, the requirements of marketing are met, and the slaughtering rate is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a feed for increasing the weight of a black goat, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the feed for improving the weight of the black goats, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting non-mildewed and non-rotten feed raw materials, and accurately weighing the following raw materials according to a feed formula: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multivitamin II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme by mass total amount; crushing by using a crusher;
step 2, fully stirring the crushed feed raw materials to uniformly mix the crushed raw materials;
and 3, weighing and subpackaging the obtained matched concentrated materials, and storing for later use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1) compared with grazing without supplement of concentrate, the daily gain of the sheep is increased;
2) the slaughtering time of the sheep is shortened, and the economic benefit of sheep raising is improved;
3) the morbidity and mortality of the sheep are reduced.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is the average weight gain of four test goats in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is the average daily gain (kg) of four groups of experimental black goats.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical features of the present invention to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
The invention provides a feed for increasing the weight of black goats, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed for improving the weight of the black goats, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting non-mildewed and non-rotten feed raw materials, and accurately weighing the following raw materials according to a feed formula: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multivitamin II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme by mass total amount; crushing by using a crusher;
step 2, fully stirring the crushed feed raw materials to uniformly mix the crushed raw materials;
and 3, weighing and subpackaging the obtained matched concentrated materials, and storing for later use.
Example 1
Selecting non-mildewed and non-rotten feed raw materials, and accurately weighing the following raw materials according to a feed formula: 50 parts of corn, 8.55 parts of wheat bran, 16 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.15 part of sodium sulfate, 1 part of salt and 0.1 part of microelement premix, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multidimensional II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme according to the total mass of the feed for improving the weight of the black goat; crushing by using a crusher; fully stirring the crushed feed raw materials to uniformly mix the various crushed raw materials; weighing and subpackaging the obtained compound concentrated feed, and storing for later use.
Example 2
Selecting non-mildewed and non-rotten feed raw materials, and accurately weighing the following raw materials according to a feed formula: 40 parts of corn, 18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1 part of chrysanthemum powder, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5 part of salt and 0.15 part of trace elements, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multidimensional II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme according to the total mass of the feed for improving the weight of the black goat; crushing by using a crusher; fully stirring the crushed feed raw materials to uniformly mix the various crushed raw materials; weighing and subpackaging the obtained compound concentrated feed, and storing for later use.
Example 3
Selecting non-mildewed and non-rotten feed raw materials, and accurately weighing the following raw materials according to a feed formula: 60 parts of corn, 13.55 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1 part of sodium sulfate, 1.5 parts of salt and 0.05 part of trace elements, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multidimensional II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme according to the total mass of the feed for improving the weight of the black goat; crushing by using a crusher; fully stirring the crushed feed raw materials to uniformly mix the various crushed raw materials; weighing and subpackaging the obtained compound concentrated feed, and storing for later use.
The technical effects of the invention are illustrated below with reference to specific experimental procedures:
1 materials and methods
1.1 materials
1.1.1 test animals
24 Guizhou black goats which are close in weight, good in health condition and free to graze are provided by the Shangxi ecological Xingnong farm in the West Pan county of the Liudi city.
1.1.2 Green fodder
Self-mow wild weeds, leaves and artificially planted high-quality ryegrass, sweet sorghum and green-feed corn.
1.1.3 supplementary feeding concentrate
The concentrated feed is prepared from purchased corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, chrysanthemum powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, salt, vitamin II, lysine, complex enzyme, trace elements and the like. The composition of the concentrate is shown in table 1.
Table 1 test ration concentrate composition formula
1.2. Method of producing a composite material
1.2.1 the experimental sheep pen cleaned 3 sheep pens, washed with clear water, sterilized with 1:300 Baidu, dried and sterilized with 1:200 iodophor for later use.
1.2.2 feed processing and preparation various feed raw materials were weighed according to the formulation of the experimental ration concentrate in table 1, the corn, the bean pulp and the rapeseed cake were firstly crushed, then the other raw materials were uniformly mixed, and finally the mixture was gradually uniformly mixed with the corn, the bean pulp and the rapeseed cake powder and packaged for use. When feeding, the feed can be fed after adding water, mixing with wet hands, grasping and loosening the hands.
1.2.3 the 24 Guizhou black goats, which have close weight, good health condition and free grazing, are selected in groups. The weights were weighed on an empty stomach in the morning, recorded and filled in the test form. The method is divided into 4 groups according to the principle that the captive breeding is carried out without a frame and the food intake capacity is similar: 8 groups I, supplementing and feeding 10% chrysanthemum powder instead of 10% wheat bran concentrate; 7 in group II, supplementary feeding is carried out, and 5% chrysanthemum powder is added to replace the concentrate of 5% wheat bran; group III, 7, supplementary feeding a concentrate control group only containing wheat bran; group IV 2, control group which was grazed alone without supplementary feeding. The basic feed formula of the supplementary feeding group is the same, only chrysanthemum powder is used for replacing part of wheat bran, all the sheep fed with the supplementary feeding concentrated feed are fed freely, the management conditions are the same, and a feeding comparison test in a period of 30d is carried out.
1.2.2 the barn feeding management test is divided into a pre-test period and a forward test period. Wherein the pre-test period is 5 days, and the positive test period is 30 days. Before a pre-test period, albendazole is adopted to expel insects for test sheep, and praziquantel is used to expel insects after two weeks; can be used as sheep pox vaccine and foot and mouth disease vaccine for injection. The pre-test period is that the sheep are cleaned for 1 time in the morning and afternoon every day, the sheep are grazed and returned to rest for about 2 hours to feed concentrated feed, the concentrated feed is fed for 1 time, the feeding condition of the sheep is observed, data is recorded, and the feeding amount is adjusted. Each group of sheep was fed in the same trough and had free access to water. And the sheep can only be watched and cleaned, and the sheep house can be cleaned. The sheep can be kept under the watch, so that the loss and the theft of the sheep are prevented, and the accidents of the sheep in a sheep house are observed, including the treatment that the legs of the sheep are clamped by a sheep bed, the sheep is held in a bucket, the sheep is sick and the like. According to the management rule of the sheep farm, the cleaning sanitation cleans weeds in the pen house every day, cleans basins and forage racks for supplementary feeding and drinking water, regularly disinfects the periphery of the sheep house, and timely cleans manure and keeps away from the sheep house for fermentation. The damage of the disinfectant to the sheep is fully considered, and the situation that the sheep is subjected to excessive stress in the disinfection process and before and after the disinfection is ensured. When the sheep is disinfected, a surfactant disinfectant which does not corrode skin mucosa and is nontoxic, such as benzalkonium bromide, chlorhexidine, chlorfenapyr, metolachlor and the like, must be selected; when drinking water is disinfected, easily-degradable halogen disinfectants such as bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite and the like are selected. On day 6, the feed intake of the pre-test period enters the positive test period, and the feeding management of the test period is carried out except that the feed intake is constant. The management of the black goats needs to be careful, the sheepcots need to be kept dry and clean, the sunlight is sufficient, the air is fresh, and the temperature is proper.
1.2.2 grazing management
The major terrain of Guizhou province is a mountain area, belongs to a karst landform, soil on a barren slope with rare human smoke is few and has more rocks, limestone rich in calcium carbonate has different forms, the cliff is steep and uneven, various evergreen shrubs are grown on the vast barren slope with rugged roads and rich strange stones, and the goat feed resource is freely provided and is sufficient in four seasons. The wild shrubs and weeds are fully utilized to graze and breed the sheep, the prospect is good, and the method is worthy of vigorous popularization.
The tissues of the flocks are grouped according to the variety, sex, health condition, production performance and the like. In the same breed or sheep flock with the same improvement degree, male and female sheep are separated, and then a big sheep and a small sheep are separated and grouped respectively. And (4) constructing and utilizing a breeding ewe group, a breeding ram group, a reserve breeding ewe group and a stock ram group for sale in a large-scale breeding farm. The phenomenon of cross mating is easy to occur when male and female sheep are grazed in the same group, which is not beneficial to breed improvement; sheep with different sizes are grazed together, and the healthy development of the lamb can be influenced. Grassland with complex terrain and poor vegetation is not suitable for organizing large groups for grazing, and the sheep groups need to be smaller in marshalling.
The goat is a herbivorous livestock mainly eating branches and leaves, and the grazing feed of the goat mainly depends on shrub resources. The reason is that the goat likes shrub branches and leaves as food, lacks shrubs, and when the goat is hungry, the goat will take food on small arbor branches and leaves in a random way. In some places, it is not difficult to see the phenomenon that the goat tramples the artificial young forest. The result is young trees that are ready for ecological protection, either broken at the waist or eaten at their top, resulting in destruction of the young forest. Therefore, the grazing goats are not only full of sheep, but also protected from being damaged ecologically and crops of farmers are protected from being spoiled by sheep.
In sunny days, the sheep flock is easy to be piled up and is not full of food. In the grazing method, the morning is returned in the morning, the afternoon is returned in the evening, and the noon has a rest. Selecting a place with high and dry terrain or cool forest for grazing, and avoiding the disturbance of sheep bunching, mosquitoes, flies and the like; the electric shock thunder is not required to graze on steep mountains in case that goats fall off from the mountains to cause loss, and personal safety is guaranteed at the same time. In addition: the supplementary feeding method is one-time supplementary feeding after grazing.
1.2.3 data acquisition and processing
Fasting body weights were measured on day 1 and day 31. And (4) counting and sorting by using EXCEL, calculating the body weight gain in the test period, and calculating the daily weight gain. And carrying out analysis of variance by using SPSS software to obtain significance between weight data of the test black goats.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 average weight gain Effect
According to the data results of grazing and supplementary feeding statistics, as can be seen from table 2 and fig. 1, the average weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder group with 10% of the test is the fastest and is 3.51kg in the whole test period, and the weight gain is 1.31kg more than that of the control group without chrysanthemum powder. Through T test analysis, the average weight gain of 10% chrysanthemum powder group is obviously better than that of the chrysanthemum powder group without addition (P is less than 0.05). The weight of the 5% chrysanthemum powder group is 2.63kg, the weight of the chrysanthemum powder group without chrysanthemum powder is 2.20kg, and the weight is increased by 0.43 kg. Through T test analysis, the difference between the 5% chrysanthemum powder group and the chrysanthemum powder group without addition is not obvious (P is more than 0.05). However, the mean increase in foot weight of the control group without chrysanthemum powder (2.20kg) was increased by 1.90kg compared to the control group with grazing and no supplementary feeding only (0.30kg), and the difference between the control group without chrysanthemum powder and the control group with grazing and no supplementary feeding only was very significant (P <0.01) according to the T test analysis.
And (3) analysis: the difference between the 5% chrysanthemum powder group and the chrysanthemum powder-free group is not obvious (P is more than 0.05), while the weight gain of the 10% chrysanthemum powder group is obviously better than that of the chrysanthemum powder-free group (P is less than 0.05), which indicates that in the supplementary feeding feed for black goats in Guizhou, the amount of the 5% chrysanthemum powder is not enough, and the weight gain is not obvious; when the specific gravity of the chrysanthemum powder is 10%, the chrysanthemum powder has obvious growth promoting effect (p is greater than 0.05). Compared with the control group (0.30kg) which is grazed only and not supplemented with the chrysanthemum powder, the control group (2.20kg) without the chrysanthemum powder is increased by 1.90kg, and the control group without the chrysanthemum powder is very different from the control group which is grazed only and not supplemented with the chrysanthemum powder by T test analysis (P is less than 0.01). It is proved again that if the Guizhou black goat is only based on the nutrition supplied by grazing, the Guizhou black goat can not meet the requirement of growth, and if the weight of the black goat in a short period is rapidly increased and meets the requirement of marketing, the slaughter rate is increased. The concentrated feed and the daily ration are reasonably prepared, so that the sheep can take more nutrients to meet the requirement of weight increase.
TABLE 2 weight gain of four groups of test goats
2.2 average daily gain Effect
According to the analysis of table 2 and fig. 2, the average daily weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder group with 10% of the test is 117.08g, and the weight gain is 39.75g more compared with the control group (73.33g) without chrysanthemum powder in the whole test period. Through T test analysis, the average daily gain of the 10% chrysanthemum powder group is obviously better than that of the chrysanthemum powder group without the chrysanthemum powder (P is less than 0.05). 87.38g of 5% chrysanthemum powder group, 73.33g of chrysanthemum powder group without chrysanthemum powder, and 14.05g of chrysanthemum powder group with chrysanthemum powder added. Through T test analysis, the difference between the 5% chrysanthemum powder group and the chrysanthemum powder group without addition is not obvious (P is more than 0.05). Similarly, the average daily gain (73.33g) of the control group without chrysanthemum powder is increased by 60.33g compared with the average daily gain (10.00g) of the control group which is grazed and not supplemented with feed, and the difference of the average daily gains of the control group without chrysanthemum powder and the control group which is grazed and not supplemented with feed is very obvious (P is less than 0.01) through T test analysis.
And (3) analysis: the difference of the average daily gain of the 5% chrysanthemum powder group and the chrysanthemum powder-free group is not obvious (P is more than 0.05), while the average daily gain of the 10% chrysanthemum powder group is obviously superior to the average daily gain of the chrysanthemum powder-free group (P is less than 0.05), which also indicates that in the supplementary feeding feed of black goats in Guizhou, the effect of promoting the weight gain cannot be achieved due to the fact that the amount of the 5% chrysanthemum powder is insufficient, and the effect of obviously increasing the average daily gain is achieved when the specific gravity of the chrysanthemum powder is added to 10%. The average daily gain (73.33g) of the chrysanthemum powder-free control group is increased by 63.33g compared with the average daily gain (10.00g) of the control group which is grazed only and not supplemented with feed, and the difference of the average daily gain of the chrysanthemum powder-free control group and the average daily gain of the control group which is grazed only and not supplemented with feed is very obvious (P is less than 0.01) through T test analysis. It is also proved that the Guizhou black goat is far from meeting the growth requirement if the black goat is only fed by grazing, and the slaughter rate is improved if the weight of the black goat is rapidly increased in a short period and reaches the marketing requirement. The concentrated feed is necessary to ensure that the sheep takes more nutrition to meet the requirement of weight increase.
3 conclusion and improvements
3.1. Conclusion
According to the test results, the effect difference between the average weight gain and the average daily weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder group with 5 percent and the chrysanthemum powder group without adding the chrysanthemum powder is not obvious (P >0.05), the effect of the average weight gain and the average daily weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder group with 10 percent is obviously superior to that of the chrysanthemum powder group without adding the chrysanthemum powder (P <0.05), and the result shows that the addition amount of the chrysanthemum powder with 5 percent is insufficient in the supplementary feeding feed for black goats in Guizhou, while the effect of promoting the weight gain is obvious when the chrysanthemum powder with about 10 percent is added. The average daily gain and weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder-free control group are obviously increased compared with those of the control group which is only grazed and not supplemented with feed, and the average daily gain and weight gain of the chrysanthemum powder-free control group are very different from those of the control group which is only grazed and not supplemented with feed (P is less than 0.01) through T test analysis. The method proves that the Guizhou black goat is far from meeting the growth requirement if only depending on the nutrition supplied by grazing, and the slaughtering rate is improved if the weight of the black goat in a short period is rapidly increased and the weight of the black goat meets the market requirement. The concentrated feed and the daily ration are reasonably prepared, so that the sheep can take more nutrients to meet the requirement of weight increase. Meanwhile, according to the experiment, the design formula has an obvious effect on the weight gain of the Guizhou black goat, has no adverse effect, is suitable for supplementary feeding of the Guizhou black goat, and is worthy of popularization and continuous research.
3.2. Improvements in or relating to
Because the test conditions are limited, only 2 groups of test groups with 10 percent of chrysanthemum powder and 5 percent of chrysanthemum powder are made, the group number is limited, the chrysanthemum powder adding proportion is not known to be from 5 percent to 10 percent, the weight increase of Guizhou black goats is started to be effective only by adding the chrysanthemum powder to the chrysanthemum powder, and the chrysanthemum powder adding proportion to 10 percent and then adding the chrysanthemum powder to the chrysanthemum powder is the limit, which are places needing to be researched. Also, the optimum ratio is determined depending on the addition ratio within a suitable range.
When the test black goats are grouped, the test groups added with 10% chrysanthemum powder have a slightly larger body weight because the test groups are voluntarily grouped together according to the conditions of a farm, little fighting for grouping the test goats together and stress reduction.
Due to the limited capability and time, the test only makes the research on the effect of average weight gain and average daily weight gain, but does not make the research on the disease resistance of the chrysanthemum powder, which is also the important value of the chrysanthemum powder, and the disease occurrence of the test goats should be counted and analyzed during the test to draw a conclusion. Further discussion is desired later.
The main feed chrysanthemum powder in the experiment comprises the following nutritional components: 11-13% of crude protein, 24-26% of crude fiber, 0.6% of lysine, 0.45% of cystine, 0.6% of fat, 0.02% of lutein, 1% of calcium, 0.2% of phosphorus and less than 12% of water. According to the use experiment of chrysanthemum powder used by experts as coarse feed in rabbit feed, the chrysanthemum powder can replace part of alfalfa meal, grass chaff and wheat bran. The chrysanthemum powder has the health care function of Chinese herbal medicines, can improve the disease resistance and reproductive capacity of rabbit groups, relieve the disease symptoms of chronic respiratory diseases, effectively reduce the use of medicines and improve the quality of rabbit meat products. The chrysanthemum is used as a common traditional Chinese medicine, can dispel wind and clear heat, calm liver and improve vision, and mainly comprises volatile oil, flavonoid, amino acid, trace elements and the like. The chrysanthemum powder has the following functions: a. the antibacterial effect is completely inhibiting 7 gram-negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Proteus, typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae and the like in vitro. b. The antiviral effect is that the anti-influenza A virus test is carried out on eight main stream commodities of chrysanthemum according to the pharmacology laboratory of the institute of traditional Chinese medicine in Shandong province, and the result shows that various chrysanthemums have certain antiviral effect. Foreign researches find that chrysanthemum has different degrees of inhibition effects on herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), poliovirus and measles virus, and compared with a blank group, the plaque formation rate is reduced by 50%.
The chrysanthemum powder is a processed byproduct, and the black goat feed prepared from the chrysanthemum powder not only utilizes the byproducts of other industries, but also enriches the feed source of the Guizhou black goat. Based on the successful research of the chrysanthemum powder on the aspect of feeding meat rabbits, the chrysanthemum powder is tried to replace a part of wheat bran of the concentrate feed for the Guizhou black goats, so that the daily ration nutrition of the Guizhou black goats is perfected, the health care and disease resistance of the black goats are improved, and the fattening effect of the Guizhou black goats is improved. As the chrysanthemum powder is used as a by-product of processing, the price is cheaper than wheat bran, and the chrysanthemum powder has more functions than wheat bran in feed and is cheap and high in quality.
The coarse fodder comprises hay and straw fodder, and has the common characteristics of low content of nutrient substances and high content of cellulose. The Guizhou black goat breeding method combines the requirements of goats on coarse fodder on the principle of saving cost and fully utilizing local natural resources, and the green coarse fodder is mainly artificially planted high-quality pasture such as ryegrass, sweet sorghum, white clover, alfalfa and the like except for wild weeds and leaves. The grass-planting sheep raising method can meet the requirement of the goat on forage at that time, and can preserve the forage nutrition by using the advanced technologies of ensiling, micro-ensiling, green hay making and the like, thereby solving the forage source in the hay period. The straw feed refers to stems and leaves of various crops after harvesting seeds, such as rice straw, corn straw, soybean straw, pea vine, peanut vine and other agricultural and sideline products, and is fed to sheep after being processed and modulated by cutting, powdering, fermenting, micro-storing, ensiling and the like.
The black goat has four stomachs with different functions, has relatively high digestion and utilization rate of coarse fodder, and has good utilization effect on straw fodder. Under grazing conditions, natural or artificial grasslands can substantially meet their nutritional needs. Under barn feeding conditions, roughage can make up the majority of the ration. The coarse fodder has cellulose content of above 30%, and has effects of filling in digestive tract, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis and improving digestion function. Therefore, in the daily ration for ruminant livestock, enough coarse feed is required to fully play the role of other feeds.
During the test period, if the livestock cannot be grazed due to weather and other reasons, the livestock is fed by green hay, silage and the like stored in the farm, so that the livestock can eat the feed without waste, and clean water can be freely drunk during the feeding period. And residual materials, excrement and the like which are eaten are removed in time, so that the cleanness and sanitation of the sheep pen are kept.
1.1.3 supplementary feeding concentrate
The preliminary investigation on the nutritional status of the grazed meat goat finds that the protein nutritional level of the meat goat is low; in terms of minerals, sodium is insufficient, iron and copper are in critical states, and calcium, magnesium, selenium, manganese and zinc are not deficient. Calcium supplementation should also be noted for fast-growing young goats and lactating ewes. Therefore, in order to fully exert the growth potential of the goats, supplementary feeding is performed after grazing in the afternoon, and the supply of protein, mineral sodium and the like is emphasized.
Scientific feeding is a technical guarantee for developing mutton sheep, and certain energy, protein, necessary mineral substances, vitamins and the like are required to be supplied in feed for the growth and development of the mutton sheep as other livestock and poultry. Therefore, the daily ration of the black goat is diversified, and the energy, the protein, the amino acid, the mineral substance, the vitamin and other nutrient elements are matched as required. Antibacterial drugs are not added into the feed as much as possible, endogenous infection caused by destroying intestinal flora balance is prevented, drug-resistant germs are prevented from being cultured, and the life safety of human beings is threatened. The supplementary feeding formula is based on the mutton sheep feeding standard and is combined with the variety of black goats in Guizhou province to formulate the feed nutrition level formula. The concentrated feed is prepared from corn, wheat bran, bean pulp, rapeseed meal, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, salt and other raw materials which are purchased locally. The feed raw material has the advantages of excellent quality, no pollution and no mildew. The feed containing natural toxin must be detoxicated and the dosage of the feed must be controlled. The left materials are cleaned in time to prevent putrefaction and deterioration. Various prohibited drugs and additives are strictly prohibited from being used in the livestock and poultry feed, so that drug residues are prevented from causing harm to human bodies. The composition of the concentrate is shown in table 1.
1.2.2 grazing management
The major terrain of Guizhou province is a mountain area, belongs to a karst landform, soil on a barren slope with rare human smoke is few and has more rocks, limestone rich in calcium carbonate has different forms, the cliff is steep and uneven, various evergreen shrubs are grown on the vast barren slope with rugged roads and rich strange stones, and the goat feed resource is freely provided and is sufficient in four seasons. The wild shrubs and weeds are fully utilized to graze and breed the sheep, the prospect is good, and the method is worthy of vigorous popularization.
The tissues of the flocks are grouped according to the variety, sex, health condition, production performance and the like. In the same breed or sheep flock with the same improvement degree, male and female sheep are separated, and then a big sheep and a small sheep are separated and grouped respectively. And (4) constructing and utilizing a breeding ewe group, a breeding ram group, a reserve breeding ewe group and a stock ram group for sale in a large-scale breeding farm. The phenomenon of cross mating is easy to occur when male and female sheep are grazed in the same group, which is not beneficial to breed improvement; sheep with different sizes are grazed together, and the healthy development of the lamb can be influenced. Grassland with complex terrain and poor vegetation is not suitable for organizing large groups for grazing, and the sheep groups need to be smaller in marshalling.
The goat is a herbivorous livestock mainly adopting feeding branches and leaves, and the grazing feed of the goat mainly depends on shrub resources[11]. The reason is that the goat likes shrub branches and leaves as food, lacks shrubs, and when the goat is hungry, the goat will take food on small arbor branches and leaves in a random way. In some places, it is not difficult to see the phenomenon that the goat tramples the artificial young forest. The result is young trees that are ready for ecological protection, either broken at the waist or eaten at their top, resulting in destruction of the young forest. Therefore, the grazing goats are not only full of sheep, but also protected from being damaged ecologically and crops of farmers are protected from being spoiled by sheep.
In sunny days, the sheep flock is easy to be piled up and is not full of food. In the grazing method, the morning is returned in the morning, the afternoon is returned in the evening, and the noon has a rest. Selecting a place with high and dry terrain or cool forest for grazing, and avoiding the disturbance of sheep bunching, mosquitoes, flies and the like; the electric shock thunder is not required to graze on steep mountains in case that goats fall off from the mountains to cause loss, and personal safety is guaranteed at the same time. In addition: the supplementary feeding method is one-time supplementary feeding after grazing.
While the foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood, as noted above, that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The feed for increasing the weight of the black goats is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of corn, 8.55-18.55 parts of wheat bran, 12-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-10 parts of chrysanthemum powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of salt and 0.05-0.15 part of trace element premix, wherein the feed also comprises 10g/50kg of multivitamin II, 25g/50kg of lysine and 50g/50kg of complex enzyme by mass total amount;
the content of the chrysanthemum powder in the feed is 10 percent; the nutrient components of the chrysanthemum powder are as follows: 11-13% of crude protein, 24-26% of crude fiber, 0.6% of lysine, 0.45% of cystine, 0.6% of fat, 0.02% of lutein, 1% of calcium, 0.2% of phosphorus and less than 12% of water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610790866.6A CN106343180B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610790866.6A CN106343180B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106343180A CN106343180A (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| CN106343180B true CN106343180B (en) | 2020-09-01 |
Family
ID=57856433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610790866.6A Active CN106343180B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106343180B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575886A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-28 | 兰州大学 | A method of feeding Sweet sorghum silage improves functional components in mutton |
| CN113016949B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-03-21 | 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) | Compound feed for improving growth speed and immunity of black goats |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102217727A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-19 | 杨保磊 | Fattening sheep additive |
| CN103519006A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽金牧饲料有限公司 | Feed for cattle and sheep |
| CN104431485A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-03-25 | 汝州羊羊羊牧业科技有限公司 | Feed for cattle and sheep in lactation period |
| WO2016126683A1 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-11 | Benemilk Oy | Animal feed composition and method of making same |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102258140B (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-02-27 | 山西宏福农牧科技有限公司 | Meat goat pelleted concentrate |
| CN104171671A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆市綦江区万隆山羊股份合作社 | Self-proportioned concentrate for goats |
| CN105166563A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-23 | 谭善杰 | Rabbit fodder containing Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN105285475A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所 | Feed for 1-42-day-old Wenshang luhua chickens |
| CN105341449A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-24 | 济南舜昊生物科技有限公司 | Meat rabbit fattening period feed |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201610790866.6A patent/CN106343180B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102217727A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-19 | 杨保磊 | Fattening sheep additive |
| CN103519006A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽金牧饲料有限公司 | Feed for cattle and sheep |
| CN104431485A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-03-25 | 汝州羊羊羊牧业科技有限公司 | Feed for cattle and sheep in lactation period |
| WO2016126683A1 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-11 | Benemilk Oy | Animal feed composition and method of making same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106343180A (en) | 2017-01-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mendieta-Araica et al. | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal as a source of protein in locally produced concentrates for dairy cows fed low protein diets in tropical areas | |
| CN101849525B (en) | Production method of selenium-enriched pork | |
| CN103734550B (en) | A kind of nursery pig concentrated feed | |
| Adewumi et al. | Livestock waste-menace: Fish wealth-solution | |
| CN104431316A (en) | Method for producing selenium-enriched silage by utilizing selenium-enriched crop straws | |
| CN107372304A (en) | The ecological cultivation method of pork pig | |
| KR101358133B1 (en) | Method for producing detoxicated sulfur powder | |
| CN104381682B (en) | A kind of adult cashmere goats perfect compound feed and its application | |
| CN106343180B (en) | Feed for increasing weight of black goats and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108902039A (en) | A kind of high Humid Area improves the fattening cultivation method of beef cattle meat | |
| CN112273321B (en) | Low-altitude barn feeding fattening method for yaks | |
| JP3404341B2 (en) | How to prevent damage to bird eggs | |
| CN106578356A (en) | Animal nutrition enhancer and application thereof | |
| Rahal | Azolla-emerging animal feed | |
| Joshi et al. | Introduction to the fish nutrition, feed formulation, and feeding conversion | |
| CN103535319A (en) | Method for rearing beef cattle in pens with sugarcane serving as main raw material | |
| OUEDRAOGO et al. | Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile leaves nutritional value for local Mossi sheep in Burkina Faso | |
| CN107897109A (en) | A kind of method for breeding of ox | |
| CN110521672B (en) | Bamboo rat breeding method | |
| Swarnam et al. | The Potential of Integrated Farming System to Supply Feed and Fodder for Dairy Cattles and Evaluation of its Performance | |
| CN107372296A (en) | A kind of healthy sheep raising method | |
| CN113383856A (en) | Pure natural green compound livestock breeding feed | |
| Kumar | SUSTAINABLE NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN LIVESTOCK UNDER CHANGING CLIMATIC CONDITIONS | |
| Chhaba | BARLEY GRASS POWDER ADDITION TO A PLANT-BASED FEED IMPROVED GROWTH AND FLESH QUALITY OF INDIAN MAJOR CARP CATLA CATLA (HAMILTON, 1822) | |
| Antonenko et al. | EFFICIENCY OF THE PHYTO SUPPLEMENTS FOR PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCES OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES BESIDE RED FOXES |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Feng Jie Inventor after: Zhang Xun Inventor after: Jiang Weixin Inventor after: Xie Guowu Inventor after: Lin Jiadong Inventor after: Hou Ping Inventor after: Yang Fuxiang Inventor after: Liu Bao Inventor before: Feng Jie Inventor before: Zhang Xun Inventor before: Jiang Weixin Inventor before: Xie Guowu Inventor before: Lin Jiadong Inventor before: Hou Ping Inventor before: Yang Fuxiang Inventor before: Liu Ta |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |