CN106305068A - Seedling growing method for seedlings special for high-tanshinone-content salviae miltiorrhizae - Google Patents
Seedling growing method for seedlings special for high-tanshinone-content salviae miltiorrhizae Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling growing method for seedlings special for high-tanshinone-content salviae miltiorrhizae. The seedling growing method comprises the following steps: performing root reproduction on salviae miltiorrhizae with the tanshinone content greater than 0.75 percent, and collecting seeds; performing seedling growing on the seeds, transplanting, and determining a seedling standard special for the high-tanshinone-content salviae miltiorrhizae; selecting red brown silt loam as a seeding growing base, performing site preparation and fertilization, and seeding 3 to 5 kg of seeds corresponding to the special seedlings per mu (1 mu=1/15 hectares); performing cultivation and seedling strengthening: from August, spraying and applying leaf fertilizer to leaves every 10 days, and in October, spraying and applying the leaf fertilizer; water control: in the middle August, not watering, after the relative humidity of the soil is reduced to 30 percent or below, watering again until the relative humidity of the soil is up to 48 to 53 percent; in December, watering again before freezing up. The total ketone content of the salviae miltiorrhizae medicine obtained by the seedling cultivated by the seedling growing method is 0.40 to 0.65 percent, and the produced salviae miltiorrhizae seedlings are high in consistency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation, particularly relate to the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
Background technology
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. is that Lamiaceae Salvia belongs to herbaceos perennial, with dry root and
Rhizome is used as medicine, and belongs to traditional large Chinese crude drug.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is the disease that sickness rate is the highest in the world, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is as heart and brain blood
The emphasis bulk medicinal materials of pipe disease areas, annual requirement is huge.At present, the whole nation has 800 many enterprises to produce Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae series medicine
Thing, main dosage form have tablet, capsule, drop pill, soft capsule, pill, lyophilized injectable powder, injection, drip liquid, aerosol, buccal tablet,
12 kinds of dosage forms such as oral liquid, granule, relate to more than 200 kind.Flourish along with pharmaceutical industries, market is to Salvia miltiorrhiza
The requirement of material amount, totally presents based on standards of pharmacopoeia, the differentiation trend of demand orientation.Pharmacy corporation, especially
Produce the scientific and technological enterprises of the modern formulation medicine such as injection, drop pill, the prescription of salvia miltiorrhiza raw material is made on the basis of pharmacopeia
Lifting by a relatively large margin, has particularly formulated the most harsh requirement at aspects such as target component content, quality stability.With
The tanshinone content detection being relatively the most up to standard of common occurrence, can not meet far away the demand of manufacturing enterprise, and along with
Being stepped up of production cost, the manufacturing enterprise that liposoluble constituent is especially had higher requirements by enterprise is in the urgent need to the pellet of high-quality
Ginseng raw material reduces production cost；High quality seedling is premise and the guarantee of high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza raw material, but, existing production status is
High-quality Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling remains technology barriers, and the cultivation of the special seedling of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of high tanshinone content is the most less with carrying.Cause
This, carrying out the method for culturing seedlings research being suitable for producing the special seedling of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of high tanshinone content has greatly benefit to the production of high-quality Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Benefit.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at solving present in prior art that the breeding method of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling is the best, cannot cultivate height
The technological deficiency of the special seedling of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of tanshinone content, it is provided that the nursery side of a kind of high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Method.Total ketone content of the red rooted salvia that the seedling that this method for culturing seedlings is cultivated obtains is up to more than 0.40%, it might even be possible to reach
0.65%, hence it is evident that higher than the content of Tanshinone in the red rooted salvia that commonsense method produces；And the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is simple
Easy, it is simple to grasp for medicinal herb grower, the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling concordance that this method for culturing seedlings produces simultaneously is high, it is simple to do mechanization operation, averagely
Every mu is reduced cost 150 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
The invention provides the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, it comprises the steps:
(1) selection-breeding of seedling
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae that TANSHINONES content is higher than 0.75% carries out Cutting root reproduction, collects seed；
(2) seed of step (1) is carried out nursery, then carry out transplanting plantation, determine high tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Special seed
Seedling standard is: has and starts a point root from reed head, has primary and secondary root to distinguish, 1 main root, 3～5 roots, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm,
Secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm；
(2) breeding method
(3) select rufous silt loam as nursery base, site preparation and fertilization, the described Special seed of every mu of sowing 3～5kg
The seed that Seedling is corresponding；
(4) nurturing staff: August, every 10 days foliage-sprays carbamide, a FeSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4Blade face
Fertile；Spray a FeSO October4·7H2O and KH2PO4Foliage fertilizer；
(5) moisture regulation: do not rewater after mid-August, treats that relative moisture of the soil is down to less than 30%, waters again
48～53% are reached to relative moisture of the soil；A water is watered again before December is freeze-up.
By above measure, the present invention can cultivate the special seedling of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae being suitable for producing high tanshinone component, should
Seedling has the feature that and starts a point root from reed head, and (main root is obvious, and main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root is thick the difference of primary and secondary root
0.2～0.35cm), 1 main root, 3～5 roots, epiblem cerise.
Wherein, in the medical material that the described high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is produced, TANSHINONES content is higher than 0.40%,
Even as high as 0.65%, described percentage ratio is mass percent.
In step (1), the diameter of the root of described Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is preferably 0.7～1cm, and root bar number is more than 20.
In step (1), described Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae the most first soaked with root-inducing powder, waters before Cutting root reproduction, then husky Tibetan
Accelerating germination.
In step (1), described Cutting root reproduction is preferably plants in rufous silt loam February, starts May every 10
It foliage-spray carbamide, a FeSO4.7H2O and KH2PO4Foliage fertilizer, even spray 3 times.The mass percent of described carbamide is dense
Degree preferably 0.7～0.9%, described FeSO4.7H2The mass percent concentration of O is preferably 0.1～0.3%, described
KH2PO4Mass percent concentration be preferably 0.2～0.4%.In described rufous silt loam, it is preferred that cosmid contains
Amount is 35%～45%, and sand grain content is 55%～65%, and percentage ratio is mass percent.
In step (2), the method for described nursery can carry out nursery by the method for culturing seedlings that this area is conventional, preferably broadcasts
Plant nursery.
In step (3), the time of described sowing is preferably not later than early July.Inventor studies discovery and is carrying out water
Should have the growth time of about 40 days by Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling to be ensured before point coercing, otherwise the survival rate of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling will significantly
Degree declines.
In step (3), in described rufous silt loam, it is preferred that clay content is 35%～45%, sand grain content
Being 55%～65%, percentage ratio is mass percent.
In step (3), the preceding crop in described nursery base preferably can select Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, Bulbus Allii Cepae or Bulbus Allii.
In step (3), described site preparation and fertilization is preferably the every mu of the sealing fertilizer 50～60kg end as nursery base
Fertilizer, flat furrow, North and South direction deep ploughing 30～35cm are played in nursery base.In described compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, the mass content ratio of potassium
Preferably 20 10 15.
In step (3), the parameter of the seed that described special seedling is corresponding is preferably: germination percentage >=70%, cleanliness >=60%,
Mass of 1000 kernel >=1.8g, moisture≤9%.
In step (3), seed corresponding to described special seedling the most first with gibberellins soak 10～
15s；The concentration of described gibberellins is preferably 18～22mg/L.
In step (3), described sowing is preferably drilling, then earthing 0.5～1cm.The most preferably cover rice
Grass waters permeable, prevents direct sunlight.
In step (4), the mass percent concentration of described carbamide is preferably 0.7～0.9%, described
FeSO4.7H2The mass percent concentration of O is preferably 0.1～0.3%, described KH2PO4Mass percent concentration preferable
Ground is 0.2～0.4%.
In step (4), every 10 days described foliage-sprays once preferably spray 2 times altogether.
In step (5), the mode of the described mode once watered preferably sprinkling irrigation.
According to production practices, those skilled in the art are the clearest, and the moisture of the nurturing staff of step (4) and step (5) is adjusted
Control synchronizes to intersect in method for culturing seedlings and carries out, dividing of the strictest priority.
On the basis of meeting common sense in the field, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can combination in any, obtain each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
Agents useful for same of the present invention and raw material are the most commercially.
The actively progressive effect of the present invention is: the present invention provides the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of a kind of applicable production high tanshinone content special
With the method for culturing seedlings of seedling, the theory of " quality comes from design " is fused in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery, red rooted salvia cultivation is correlated with
Key node selection of land, whole, seed selection, nursery, nurturing staff, moisture regulation etc. carry out the regulation and control become more meticulous.By become more meticulous
Regulating and controlling to have and start a point root from reed head, have dividing of primary and secondary root, main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, 1 main root, 3～5 times
The Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling ratio that Gent is levied is up to more than 85%, the seedling ratio of 30.5% in the most common method for culturing seedlings.This kind
Red rooted salvia total ketone content that Seedling produces is 0.40%～0.65%, hence it is evident that the Salvia miltiorrhiza produced higher than commonsense method method for culturing seedlings
The content of Tanshinone in material.The present invention only carries out specific adjustment to existing method for culturing seedlings, it is simple to grasp for medicinal herb grower,
Be easy to promote, less investment, the content of tanshinone can be significantly improved, in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system the content of tanshinone reach 0.40%～
0.65%, the significantly larger than requirement of the 0.25% of regulation in pharmacopeia, the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling concordance that this method for culturing seedlings produces simultaneously is high,
Being easy to do mechanization operation, average every mu is reduced cost 150 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling that the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention obtains.
Fig. 2 is the red rooted salvia that the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seeling industry obtained of the present invention obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below by the mode of embodiment, but the most therefore limit the present invention to described reality
Execute among example scope.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, conventionally and condition, or according to business
Product description selects.
In following embodiment, as being not particularly illustrated, percentage ratio each means mass percent.
Embodiment 1
(1) selection-breeding of seedling
Germplasm screening: November Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, screen miltiorrhiza germplasm (the root bar diameter of more than 300 parts big Tanaka
Be 0.7～1cm, number more than 20, relatively uniform), every part takes 25g, oven drying at low temperature, measures composition.
Cutting root reproduction, seed collection: the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system that the TANSHINONES content collected is higher than 0.75% is cut into about 6cm
Segment, mix homogeneously.Soak with root-inducing powder, water.Husky Tibetan accelerating germination, large-ridge double-row was concentrated and was planted in reddish brown toner February in the coming year
Sandy loam, May, every carbamide, the FeSO of 0.2% of 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.8%4.7H2The KH of O and 0.3%2PO4, even
Spray 3 times.Gather in time seed.
The determination of high tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae special seedling standard: the salvia seeds mix homogeneously that will collect, routinely side
Method concentrates nursery, according to the feature of seedling, seedling is divided into 12 classifications (referring to table 1).The Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling of 12 classifications is divided
Yi Zai not plant land for growing field crops, control measures are completely the same.
Table 1 Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling is classified
November, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of 12 classifications is used same procedure oven drying at low temperature, detects red rooted salvia
Middle TANSHINONES content.The testing result of table 2 shows: start a point root from reed head, has dividing of primary and secondary root, and main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4
～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, 1 main root, the red rooted salvia total tanshinone of the seeling industry that 3～5 time Gents are levied contains
Amount up to 0.65%, hence it is evident that higher than other Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedlings.Comprehensive single fresh weight, root bar number and Tanshinone content determine have
(starting a point root from reed head, have dividing of primary and secondary root, main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, and 1 is main
Root, 3～5 time roots) seedling of feature is the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
The classification of table 2 Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling and corresponding medicinal ingredient character and content
(2) breeding method
Seedling raise period is early July.
Selection of land: select soil layer deep (>=1m), physical features on the sunny side, draining good, in alkalescence, the reddish brown toner of medium fertility
Sandy loam (clay content is 35%, and sand grain content is 65%) is as the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone.Selection Semen Tritici aestivi is made
Preceding crop for nursery base.
Wholely: base is carried out wholely after preceding crop has been gathered, every mu of sealing fertilizer (N:P:K=20 10 15)
50kg is as the base fertilizer in the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone, and flat furrow, North and South direction deep ploughing 30cm are played in nursery base.
The seed that Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling from above-mentioned numbered 6 is corresponding, Selecting All Parameters is: germination percentage >=70%, cleanliness >=
60%, mass of 1000 kernel >=1.8g, the seed of moisture≤9% is sowed, and sows 4kg for every mu, and before sowing, use 20mg/L's is red mould
Element processes seed and soaks 10s, drilling.Earthing 0.5cm, then covers Caulis et Folium Oryzae and waters permeable, prevent direct sunlight.
Nurturing staff: August, the carbamide of every 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.8%, the FeSO of 0.2%4.7H2O and
The KH of 0.3%2PO4, even 2 times (this operation can strengthen Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae photosynthesis, it is ensured that blade plumpness is dark green, accelerates overground part raw in spray
Long, accelerate the evaporation of soil moisture by transpiration pull).
Moisture regulation: August 10 did not rewatered later, keeps relative moisture of the soil to be down to less than 30%, then uses spray
The mode filled is watered once, and relative moisture of the soil reaches 48%, and stopping watering (produces according to root system response soil dry humidity change
The principle of corresponding compensation mechanism, antecedent moisture is suitable, promotes main root growth, and along with the aggravation of water stress, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system is continuous
Elongation, is beneficial to absorb the moisture of deep subsoil, can germinate time root simultaneously, and after rehydration, root system continues elongation).Early October sprays
The FeSO of one time 0.2%4·7H2The KH of O and 0.3%2PO4Foliage fertilizer.Water a water before December is freeze-up again and ensure Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Seedling peace
Entirely survive the winter.
The seedling ratio using the method to cultivate is up to 85%, and this seedling has the feature that from the beginning of reed head
Divide root, have primary and secondary root difference (main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm), 1 main root 3～5
Secondary root, epiblem cerise.The red rooted salvia total tanshinone content using this seeling industry is up to 0.40%, hence it is evident that higher than other
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling.
Fig. 1 is the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling that the method for culturing seedlings of this embodiment obtains.
Fig. 2 is the red rooted salvia that the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seeling industry obtained of this embodiment obtains.
Embodiment 2
(1) selection-breeding of seedling
Germplasm screening: November Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, screen miltiorrhiza germplasm (the root bar diameter of more than 300 parts big Tanaka
Be 0.7～1cm, number more than 20, relatively uniform), every part takes 25g, oven drying at low temperature, measures composition.
Cutting root reproduction, seed collection: the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system that the TANSHINONES content collected is higher than 0.75% is cut into about 6cm
Segment, mix homogeneously.Soak with root-inducing powder, water.Husky Tibetan accelerating germination, large-ridge double-row was concentrated and was planted in reddish brown toner February in the coming year
Sandy loam, May, every carbamide, the FeSO of 0.1% of 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.7%4.7H2The KH of O and 0.2%2PO4, even
Spray 3 times.Gather in time seed.
The determination of high tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae special seedling standard: the salvia seeds mix homogeneously that will collect, routinely side
Method concentrates nursery, according to the feature of seedling, seedling is divided into 12 classifications (as described in aforementioned table 1).Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae by 12 classifications
Seedling transplants plantation land for growing field crops respectively, and control measures are completely the same.
November, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of 12 classifications is used same procedure oven drying at low temperature, detects red rooted salvia
Middle TANSHINONES content.Testing result shows: start a point root from reed head, have primary and secondary root point, main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～
0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, 1 main root, the red rooted salvia total tanshinone content of the seeling industry that 3～5 time Gents are levied
Up to 0.65%, hence it is evident that higher than other Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedlings.Comprehensive single fresh weight, root bar number and Tanshinone content determine and have (from
Reed head starts a point root, has dividing of primary and secondary root, and main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, 1 main root, and 3
～5 time roots) seedling of feature is the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
(2) breeding method
Seedling raise period is early July.
Selection of land: select soil layer deep (>=1m), physical features on the sunny side, draining good, in alkalescence, the reddish brown toner of medium fertility
Sandy loam (clay content is 40%, and sand grain content is 60%) is as the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone.Selection Semen Maydis is made
Preceding crop for nursery base.
Wholely: base is carried out wholely after preceding crop has been gathered, every mu of sealing fertilizer (N:P:K=20 10 15)
55kg is as the base fertilizer in the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone, and flat furrow, North and South direction deep ploughing 33cm are played in nursery base.
The seed that Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling from above-mentioned numbered 6 is corresponding, Selecting All Parameters is: germination percentage >=70%, cleanliness >=
60%, mass of 1000 kernel >=1.8g, the seed of moisture≤9% is sowed, and sows 3kg for every mu, and before sowing, use 18mg/L's is red mould
Element processes seed and soaks 13s, drilling.Earthing 0.8cm, then covers Caulis et Folium Oryzae and waters permeable, prevent direct sunlight.
Nurturing staff: August, the carbamide of every 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.7%, the FeSO of 0.1%4.7H2O and
The KH of 0.2%2PO4, even 2 times (this operation can strengthen Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae photosynthesis, it is ensured that blade plumpness is dark green, accelerates overground part raw in spray
Long, accelerate the evaporation of soil moisture by transpiration pull).
Moisture regulation: August 10 did not rewatered later, keeps relative moisture of the soil to be down to less than 30%, then uses spray
The mode filled is watered once, and relative moisture of the soil reaches 50%, and stopping watering (produces according to root system response soil dry humidity change
The principle of corresponding compensation mechanism, antecedent moisture is suitable, promotes main root growth, and along with the aggravation of water stress, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system is continuous
Elongation, is beneficial to absorb the moisture of deep subsoil, can germinate time root simultaneously, and after rehydration, root system continues elongation).Early October sprays
The FeSO of one time 0.1%4·7H2The KH of O and 0.2%2PO4Foliage fertilizer.Water a water before December is freeze-up again and ensure Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Seedling peace
Entirely survive the winter.
The seedling ratio using the method to cultivate is up to 88%, and this seedling has the feature that from the beginning of reed head
Divide root, have primary and secondary root difference (main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm), 1 main root 3～5
Secondary root, epiblem cerise.The red rooted salvia total tanshinone content using this seeling industry is up to 0.65%, hence it is evident that higher than other
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling.
The Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling that this embodiment obtains is shown in that Fig. 1, red rooted salvia are shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 3
(1) selection-breeding of seedling
Germplasm screening: November Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, screen miltiorrhiza germplasm (the root bar diameter of more than 300 parts big Tanaka
Be 0.7～1cm, number more than 20, relatively uniform), every part takes 25g, oven drying at low temperature, measures composition.
Cutting root reproduction, seed collection: the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system that the TANSHINONES content collected is higher than 0.75% is cut into about 6cm
Segment, mix homogeneously.Soak with root-inducing powder, water.Husky Tibetan accelerating germination, large-ridge double-row was concentrated and was planted in reddish brown toner February in the coming year
Sandy loam, May, every carbamide, the FeSO of 0.3% of 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.9%4.7H2The KH of O and 0.4%2PO4, even
Spray 3 times.Gather in time seed.
The determination of high tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae special seedling standard: the salvia seeds mix homogeneously that will collect, routinely side
Method concentrates nursery, according to the feature of seedling, seedling is divided into 12 classifications (as described in aforementioned table 1).Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae by 12 classifications
Seedling transplants plantation land for growing field crops respectively, and control measures are completely the same.
November, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae collecting season, the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of 12 classifications is used same procedure oven drying at low temperature, detects red rooted salvia
Middle TANSHINONES content.Testing result shows: start a point root from reed head, have primary and secondary root point, main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～
0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, 1 main root, the red rooted salvia total tanshinone content of the seeling industry that 3～5 time Gents are levied
Up to 0.65%, hence it is evident that higher than other Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedlings.Comprehensive single fresh weight, root bar number and Tanshinone content determine and have (from
Reed head starts a point root, has dividing of primary and secondary root, and main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm, 1 main root, and 3
～5 time roots) seedling of feature is the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
(2) breeding method
Seedling raise period is early July.
Selection of land: select soil layer deep (>=1m), physical features on the sunny side, draining good, in alkalescence, the reddish brown toner of medium fertility
Sandy loam (clay content is 45%, and sand grain content is 55%) is as the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone.Select Bulbus Allii Cepae and
Bulbus Allii is as the preceding crop in nursery base.
Wholely: base is carried out wholely after preceding crop has been gathered, every mu of sealing fertilizer (N:P:K=20 10 15)
60kg is as the base fertilizer in the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery base of high tanshinone, and flat furrow, North and South direction deep ploughing 35cm are played in nursery base.
The seed that Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling from above-mentioned numbered 6 is corresponding, Selecting All Parameters is: germination percentage >=70%, cleanliness >=
60%, mass of 1000 kernel >=1.8g, the seed of moisture≤9% is sowed, and sows 5kg for every mu, and before sowing, use 22mg/L's is red mould
Element processes seed and soaks 15s, drilling.Earthing 1cm, then covers Caulis et Folium Oryzae and waters permeable, prevent direct sunlight.
Nurturing staff: August, the carbamide of every 10 days foliage-sprays one time 0.9%, the FeSO of 0.3%4.7H2O and
The KH of 0.4%2PO4, even 2 times (this operation can strengthen Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae photosynthesis, it is ensured that blade plumpness is dark green, accelerates overground part raw in spray
Long, accelerate the evaporation of soil moisture by transpiration pull).
Moisture regulation: August 10 did not rewatered later, keeps relative moisture of the soil to be down to less than 30%, then uses spray
The mode filled is watered once, and relative moisture of the soil reaches 53%, and stopping watering (produces according to root system response soil dry humidity change
The principle of corresponding compensation mechanism, antecedent moisture is suitable, promotes main root growth, and along with the aggravation of water stress, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system is continuous
Elongation, is beneficial to absorb the moisture of deep subsoil, can germinate time root simultaneously, and after rehydration, root system continues elongation).Early October sprays
The FeSO of one time 0.3%4·7H2The KH of O and 0.4%2PO4Foliage fertilizer.Water a water before December is freeze-up again and ensure Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Seedling peace
Entirely survive the winter.
The seedling ratio using the method to cultivate is up to 86%, and this seedling has the feature that from the beginning of reed head
Divide root, have primary and secondary root difference (main root is obvious, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root thick 0.2～0.35cm), 1 main root 3～5
Secondary root, epiblem cerise.The red rooted salvia total tanshinone content using this seeling industry is up to 0.55%, hence it is evident that higher than other
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling.
The Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling that this embodiment obtains is shown in that Fig. 1, red rooted salvia are shown in Fig. 2.
Comparative example 1
The Different Soil impact on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seed and seedling traits
Change the base in method for culturing seedlings in embodiment 1, be respectively adopted sand, clay, brown sandy loam, canescence sand earth
Soil is as Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery cultivation base, and other Parameter Conditions are all with embodiment 1, and the nursery effect obtained is as shown in table 3 below.
The impact on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seed and seedling traits of table 3 Different Soil
As can be seen from the above table, rufous silt loam is that the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae that base is cultivated accounts for
The ratio of all seedlings is the highest.
Comparative example 2
The impact on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seed and seedling traits of the seed consumption
Change the sowing quantity in embodiment 1, be respectively adopted 0.5kg/ mu, 1kg/ mu, 2kg/ mu, 6kg/ mu, 8kg/ mu, its
His Parameter Conditions is all with embodiment 1, and the nursery effect obtained is as shown in table 4 below.
The different sowing quantity of table 4 is thick on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae kind shoot root, root bar number and the impact of seedling ratio
As can be seen from the above table, sowing quantity is that the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae that 4kg/ mu is cultivated accounts for all kinds
The ratio of Seedling is the highest.
Comparative example 3
Lacking the step of nurturing staff in embodiment 1, other Parameter Conditions are with embodiment 1, and the nursery effect obtained is as follows
Shown in table 5.
Table 5 not nurturing staff is on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae survival rate and the impact of composition
Comparative example 4
Lacking the step of moisture regulation in embodiment 1, other Parameter Conditions are with embodiment 1, and the nursery effect obtained is as follows
Shown in table 6.
The impact on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seed and seedling traits of table 6 moisture regulation
Comparative example 5
Use common method for culturing seedlings (not choosing seeds, do not select soil, do not carry out moisture regulation), the nursery effect obtained such as following table
Shown in 7.
The impact on Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seed and seedling traits of table 7 moisture regulation
Claims (10)
1. a method for culturing seedlings for the high special seedling of tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, it comprises the steps:
(1) selection-breeding of seedling
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae that TANSHINONES content is higher than 0.75% carries out Cutting root reproduction, collects seed；
(2) seed of step (1) is carried out nursery, then carry out transplanting plantation, determine high tanshinone Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae special seedling mark
Standard is: has and starts a point root from reed head, has primary and secondary root to distinguish, 1 main root, 3～5 roots, main root thick 0.4～0.6cm, secondary root
Thick 0.2～0.35cm；
(2) breeding method
(3) select rufous silt loam as nursery base, site preparation and fertilization, the described special seedling pair of every mu of sowing 3～5kg
The seed answered；
(4) nurturing staff: August, every 10 days foliage-sprays carbamide, a FeSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4Foliage fertilizer；October
Spray a FeSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4Foliage fertilizer；
(5) moisture regulation: do not rewater after mid-August, treats that relative moisture of the soil is down to less than 30%, waters again to soil
Earth relative humidity reaches 48～53%；A water is watered again before December is freeze-up.
2. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), described Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is before Cutting root reproduction
First soak with root-inducing powder, water, then husky Tibetan accelerating germination.
3. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the root of described Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae a diameter of
0.7～1cm, root bar number is more than 20.
4. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), described Cutting root reproduction is plantation in February
In rufous silt loam, start May every 10 days foliage-sprays carbamide, a FeSO4.7H2O and KH2PO4Foliage fertilizer, even
Spray 3 times；The mass percent concentration of described carbamide is preferably 0.7～0.9%, described FeSO4.7H2The percent mass of O
Specific concentration is preferably 0.1～0.3%, described KH2PO4Mass percent concentration be preferably 0.2～0.4%.
5. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the time of described sowing is not later than 7
The first tenday period of a month moon.
6. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), in described rufous silt loam,
Clay content is 35%～45%, and sand grain content is 55%～65%, and percentage ratio is mass percent；
And/or, in step (3), the preceding crop in described nursery base is Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, Bulbus Allii Cepae or Bulbus Allii；
And/or, in step (3), described site preparation and fertilization is the every mu of the sealing fertilizer 50～60kg base fertilizer as nursery base, educates
Flat furrow, North and South direction deep ploughing 30～35cm are played in Seedling base；In described compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass content ratio preferably
It is 20 10 15.
7. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the seed that described special seedling is corresponding
Parameter is: germination percentage >=70%, cleanliness >=60%, mass of 1000 kernel >=1.8g, moisture≤9%；
And/or, in step (3), the seed that described special seedling is corresponding the most first soaks 10～15s with gibberellins；Institute
The concentration of the gibberellins stated is preferably 18～22mg/L；
And/or, in step (3), described sowing is drilling, then earthing 0.5～1cm.
8. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the mass percent of described carbamide is dense
Degree is 0.7～0.9%, described FeSO4.7H2The mass percent concentration of O is 0.1～0.3%, described KH2PO4Quality
Percent concentration is 0.2～0.4%.
9. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), every 10 days described foliage-sprays are common
Spray 2 times.
10. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), the described mode once watered is
The mode of sprinkling irrigation.
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| CN107493912A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-22 | 上海市药材有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of the high tanshinone red sage root |
| CN108293765A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-07-20 | 上海市药材有限公司 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae kind transplantation of seedlings pre-treating method |
| CN109122152A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-04 | 界首市鑫康家庭农场 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods improving tanshinone content |
| CN109924091A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-25 | 河南省文医堂药业有限公司 | Improve the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings of tanshinone content |
| CN114258758A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-01 | 上海市药材有限公司 | Method for cultivating root-segment seedlings of salvia miltiorrhiza and method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza |
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