A kind of improvement type gravel bed filter
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas cleaning technical field of environment protection equipment, relate to a kind of dust arrester, especially relate to one and change
Enter formula gravel bed filter.
Background technology
The occasion of hot precipitator engineer applied is very extensive at present, including the energy, building materials, oil, iron and steel, Coal Chemical Industry etc..
High-temperature dust removal can farthest utilize the physical sensible heat of gas, improves energy utilization rate, it is achieved under hot conditions, process is strong
Change reaction, it is achieved the clean emission of gas, technological equipment investment can be saved with process simplification, additionally can save simultaneously
Water resource, and avoid the secondarily polluted water that wet dedusting is brought.Gravel bed filter, because its application is relatively wide, is resistant to 300
~500 DEG C of high temperature, have simple in construction, shock resistance, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, relatively stable, operating cost is low, efficiency of dust collection relatively
High, and be widely used in various industrial applications.
In existing gravel bed filter, rake granular-bed filter is the most frequently used one, but the maximum of this filter lacks
Point is to need regular blowing-out to carry out blowback, it is impossible to working continuously, the most often multiple stage is in parallel, carries out dedusting and blowback in turn.Mobile
Bed granular bed filter cleaner unit is carried out while can realizing dedusting and deashing, but this diameter of movement is unsuitable excessive, also simultaneously
The blowback of filtrate need to be increased, carry and lifting system.The most existing gravel bed filter arranges sieves bottom filter chamber
Plate, closes bottom, filter chamber lower baffle plate shutter, but high ash environment can affect the properly functioning of actuating device, BAIYE during blowback
Window can not normal switching-off, easily generation back mixing problem;Filter sieve plate can be malfunctioning under high ash state simultaneously, affects blowback effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, improves on fixed bed gravel bed filter, filters
Device body is provided with multiple filtration room, filters and dedusting can be carried out simultaneously, need not shut down, work continuously, and floor space is less.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of improvement type gravel bed filter, filter chamber is designed to smooth streamlined, anti-
Only dust is gathered in dead angle;Lower end, filter chamber arranges the regular ash discharge of ash discharging hole, the back mixing problem occurred during solving blowback;
It addition, arrange equally distributed deflector in filter chamber, can make in filter process and deashing process air-flow uniformly through, carry
High removal efficiency and blowback efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals:
A kind of improvement type gravel bed filter, including shell body, flows to vertical setting with dusty gas in described shell body
Putting at least one of which defecator, described defecator includes that at least one filter element, described filter element include filter chamber,
Described filter chamber is built-in with filtration bed, and described filtration bed top arranges diversion division, dusty gas diversion division through shunting after
Enter and filter bed;Outside at filtration bed covering, the described filter chamber arranges exhaust portion.On the filtration bed of filter chamber
Portion arranges the diversion division shunted by dusty gas, and diversion division is a part for defecator, and diversion division plays dispersion and equal gas distribution
The effect of stream, is fully contacted with the granular layer filtering bed after dusty gas dispersion, can improve removal efficiency and reverse gas cleaning
Effect.
A kind of improvement type gravel bed filter, including shell body, flows to vertical setting with dusty gas in described shell body
Putting at least one of which defecator, be respectively provided with diversion division on each layer of defecator top, whole stock dusty gas shunts at diversion division
If becoming carried interest to enter defecator to complete to filter;Described defecator bottom arranges exhaust portion.Diversion division separates with defecator
Arranging, diversion division and defecator cooperate and realize shunt filtering.
Described defecator includes that at least one filter element, described filter element include filter chamber, in described filter chamber
Being equipped with filtration bed, described diversion division is arranged at filtration bed top.
Further, described filter chamber is surrounded by inner housing and baffle plate, and the sidewall of described inner housing is smooth streamlined;In
Housing sidewall be arranged to smooth streamlined after, dust accretions problem can be avoided, can preferably carry out dedusting.
Further, described inner housing includes upper side wall and lower wall, is connected with baffle plate bottom described lower wall;Described
Lower wall is obliquely installed;The lower wall of inner housing is arranged to inclination, and beneficially dust is to congregate.
Preferably, described lower wall is 60 °~90 ° with the angle of vertical direction;Lower wall and vertical direction angle are set
Put within the range, it is ensured that dust, to the congregational rate of bottom, also ensures that dusty gas is filtering filling of bed simultaneously
Divide and filter.
Further, it is provided with ash discharging hole with baffle plate junction bottom described lower wall, at described ash discharging hole, is provided with valve;Contain
Dust and gas body is after filter bed layer filters, and dust is carried out ash discharge by this ash discharging hole.
Further, described diversion division includes that horizontally disposed dividing plate, described dividing plate are provided with multiple blow vent;Can be
Cell structure, is configured with the dividing plate of multiple blow vent by diversion division, the air-flow that dusty gas is divided into through this diversion division
More, make full use of the granular layer filtered in bed everywhere.
Or, described diversion division includes some flaps, has setting spacing between described flap;Described flap is horizontal
V-shape plate or W template;Arranging multiple flap composition diversion division, flap can make dusty gas be split into multiply, and per share air-flow exists
Under the effect of flap roundabout, dusty gas contact more fully with filtering bed, and dust removing effects is more preferable.
Further, described filter chamber is provided with the rotary-type nozzle carrying out blowback on lateral part top;Outside filter chamber
Portion arranges rotary-type nozzle, after rotary-type nozzle connects with back-blowing device, carries out blowback in filtering bed, makes granular layer produce
" seething with excitement " phenomenon, rotary-type nozzle rotates freely and gas flow purging can be made to arrive all filtrates, grit be blown after by filter chamber
Portion or from bottom ash discharging hole discharge.
Further, described shell body top is provided with air inlet, and the lower end of shell body is provided with ash bucket and total ash discharging hole;Described
The lower end of air inlet is expansion chamber, and described filter chamber is arranged on expansion chamber both sides and filter chamber connects with expansion chamber;Described air inlet
Mouth, expansion chamber and ash bucket are on same plumb line;Bulky grain grit is entered expansion chamber by air inlet, falls in ash bucket and carries out
Discharge.
Further, described shell body following side is additionally provided with the total clean QI KOU of gas after exhaust filtering;Gas warp
Purification gas after dust removal by filtration is discharged by total clean QI KOU.
Preferably, described ash discharging hole connects with expansion chamber;Gas dust after filter bed layer filters is entered by ash discharging hole
Expansion chamber, after fall in ash bucket and discharge.
The operation principle of the present invention is:
Arranging diversion division in cleaner unit filter chamber, diversion division enters filter bed layer, after shunting after being shunted by dusty gas
Dusty gas be fully contacted with granular layer filtering in bed, the clean gas after de-dirt is discharged by the exhaust portion of filter chamber;Blowback
Time close gas outlet, to carrying out blowback in filter chamber at back blow port, filter bed granular layer be in fluidized state, dust is then
It is blown into filter chamber's ash discharging hole to discharge.
The invention have the benefit that
The sidewall of filter chamber is arranged to smooth streamlined by the present invention, and dust can be prevented to be gathered in dead angle and cannot discharge,
Cause dust accretions problem in cleaner unit.
Blowback QI KOU is arranged on filter chamber's outer upper by the present invention, on the one hand can avoid the obstruction of back blow port, the opposing party
Face reduces blowback resistance.
In the present invention, lower end, filter chamber arranges the regular ash discharge of ash discharging hole, the back mixing problem occurred during solving blowback.
It addition, the present invention arranges diversion division in filter chamber, diversion division can make air-flow in filter process and deashing process
Uniformly through, improve removal efficiency and blowback efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gravel bed filter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 filter chamber;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 filter chamber;
In figure, 1-air inlet, 2-expansion chamber, 3-filter chamber, 4-diversion division, 5-filters bed, 6-air vent, and 7-ash discharge fills
Put, 8-always clean QI KOU, 9-ash bucket, the total ash discharging hole of 10-, 11-ash discharging hole, 12-ash discharge valve, 13-deflector a, 14-shell body,
15-upper side wall, 16-lower wall, 17-deflector b, 18-baffle plate, the rotary-type nozzle of 19-.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of improvement type gravel bed filter, including shell body 14 and in shell body 14 vertically arranged
At least one of which defecator, defecator includes at least one filter element, and filter element includes filter chamber 3, and filter chamber 3 is built-in
Having filtration bed 5, filter bed 5 top and arrange diversion division 4, dusty gas enters filter bed layer 5 at diversion division 4 after shunting,
Diversion division 4 plays the effect of dispersion and uniform air-flow;Downside at filtration bed 5 covering, the filter chamber 3 arranges exhaust portion, aerofluxus
Portion can be narrow gap or hole or other parts can discharged with supplied gas, and in the present invention, exhaust portion selects to be set to air vent 6.
Arranging, on bed 5 top of filtering of filter chamber 3, the diversion division 4 shunted by dusty gas, diversion division 4 plays dispersion and uniform air-flow
Effect, dusty gas dispersion after with filter bed 5 granular layer be fully contacted, can improve removal efficiency and reverse gas cleaning effect
Really.
Shell body 14 top is provided with air inlet 1, and the lower end of shell body 14 is provided with ash bucket 9 and total ash discharging hole 10, total ash discharging hole
10 lower ends being arranged on ash bucket 9;The lower end of air inlet 1 is expansion chamber 2, and filter chamber 3 is arranged on expansion chamber 2 both sides and filter chamber 3
Connect with expansion chamber 2;Air inlet 1, expansion chamber 2 and ash bucket 9 are on same plumb line;Bulky grain grit is entered by air inlet 1
Enter expansion chamber 2, fall in ash bucket and discharge.Air inlet 1 is provided with the insertion plate door for controlling gas flow.
The sidewall of ash bucket 9 and vertical direction angle are 60 °, it is possible to weaken air-flow dead band and the generation of reentrainment of dust phenomenon,
Being provided with ash discharging hole below ash bucket, this pneumatic ash transmitting system can be without the appearance of secondary droplets phenomenon in basic guarantee ash bucket.
Shell body 14 following side is additionally provided with the total clean QI KOU 8 of gas after exhaust filtering;Gas is after dust removal by filtration
Purification gas discharged by total clean QI KOU 8.The air vent 6 of each filter chamber 3 is the clean QI KOU after filtration, each filter chamber 3
Clean gas discharged by air vent 6 after finally discharged by total clean QI KOU 8, the space between the inner housing of shell body 14 and filter chamber 3
Being the circulating area of clean gas, the connected space of expansion chamber 2 and ash bucket 9 is the settling zone of dust after filtration.
Filter chamber 3 is provided with rotary-type nozzle 19 in outer upper;In filter chamber's outer upper, rotary-type nozzle 19 is set, right
Carrying out blowback in filtering bed, make granular layer produce " boiling " phenomenon, grit is fallen into ash bucket, for avoiding by discharge bottom filter chamber
Produce dead space, rotary-type nozzle is arranged to can each angle rotate, advantageously in the carrying out of blowback.In rotary-type spray
Arrange with blowback at mouth 19 and connect, such as blowback rifle etc., at rotary-type nozzle 19 to filter chamber 3 in carry out blowback.
As in figure 2 it is shown, filter chamber 3 is surrounded by inner housing and baffle plate 18, inner housing includes upper side wall 15 and lower wall 16, under
It is connected with baffle plate 18 bottom sidewall 16;The sidewall of inner housing includes but not limited to smooth streamlined, the most streamlined arc-shaped;
Lower wall 16 is obliquely installed;Inner housing sidewall be arranged to smooth streamlined after, dust accretions problem can be avoided, can be more preferable
Carry out dedusting.The lower wall 16 of inner housing is arranged to inclination, and beneficially dust is to congregate.The upper side wall 15 of inner housing
And between baffle plate 18, there is gap, enter filter chamber for dusty gas.
Filter chamber's inner housing is not limited to shape in figure, according to concrete operating mode and processing mode adjustable, after stream field simulation
Meet service requirement and ensure efficiency of dust collection.
The angle of lower wall 16 and vertical direction is between 60 °~90 °;Lower wall and vertical direction angle are arranged on this
In the range of, it is ensured that dust, to the congregational rate of bottom, also ensures that dusty gas is filtering the abundant filtration of bed simultaneously.
It is provided with ash discharging hole 11 with baffle plate 18 junction bottom lower wall 16, at ash discharging hole 11, is provided with ash discharge valve 12;Dust-laden
Gas is after filter bed layer 5 filters, and the moiety aggregation dust in bottom is slipped to this ash discharging hole 11 under gravity and arranges
Ash, is possible to prevent filtering or having dust landing to produce back mixing phenomenon during blowback.The ash discharging hole 11 of each filter chamber 3 with
Expansion chamber 2 connects;Gas dust after filter bed layer filters is entered expansion chamber by ash discharging hole, after fall in ash bucket and discharge.
Diversion division 4 is deflector a 13, and it is arranged on the top of filter chamber 3 inner filtration bed 5.
Deflector a 13 is horizontally disposed dividing plate, and dividing plate is provided with multiple blow vent;Can be cell structure, by water conservancy diversion
Portion is configured with the dividing plate of multiple blow vent, and the air-flow that dusty gas is divided into through this diversion division is more, makes full use of
Granular layer everywhere in filter bed layer.
Embodiment 2:
As it is shown on figure 3, be deflector b 17 by diversion division 4 in this embodiment, it is plugged in the filtration bed 5 of filter chamber 3
In, deflector b 17 is made up of some flaps, has setting spacing between flap;Flap is horizontal V-shape plate or W template;
Arranging multiple flap composition diversion division, flap can make dusty gas be split into multiply, and per share air-flow is circuitous under the effect of flap
Returning, dusty gas contacts more abundant with filtering bed, and dust removing effects is more preferable.
Deflector includes but not limited to the shape described in both embodiments.According to air flow method situation, arrange not similar shape
The deflector of shape, makes dust-contained airflow be fully contacted granular layer, improves removal efficiency and reverse gas cleaning effect.
As a example by the gravel bed filter of three layer filtration device: shell body 14 top is provided with dusty gas entrance and (i.e. enters
QI KOU 1), insertion plate door control gas flow, it is ensured that the dusty gas velocity interval in main working area is preferably 0.3-0.6m/s,
This speed can ensure that higher efficiency of dust collection.Dusty gas becomes owner of working area through divergent segment is laggard, owing to wind speed reduces, greatly
The scarce capacity that particle diameter grit is carried by air-flow, under gravity, big particle diameter grit falls directly into the ash bucket 7 of the equipment of being positioned at
In (what in Fig. 1, the middle part big arrow of black represented is the flow path of big particle diameter grit, and the black small arrow of deflection both sides represents
Being the flow path of remaining grit, what white arrow represented is gas after the purification flowed outwardly by the air vent 6 of filter chamber 3
Flow path).Remaining grit is under the effect that air-flow carries, under the barrier effect of filter chamber's inner housing, by filtering
Bed 5 carries out dedusting.The suitability of filtering material is relatively wide, particle diameter can be selected to be the material of 1-10mm according to different operating modes, additionally
According to the feature of the filtering material selected, coordinate the particle diameter air vent 6 less than material particle size, in the premise not revealing filtering material
Under, reduce crushing to greatest extent.According to the operating mode of dusty gas, go out to arrange the diversion division 4 of suitable form at filtration bed 5,
Dust-contained airflow is when through diversion division 4, and dusty gas is split, even into filter bed 5, inertial collision, diffusion precipitin,
Under the effect of the mechanism such as gravitational settling, sieving, gas is purified, and is expelled in shell body 14 and filter chamber via air vent 6
Between housing, final clean gas is discharged by the total clean QI KOU 8 of device bottom.Three layer filtration layer under the pattern of this device, priority
Essentially identical, dust-cleaning principle is identical, it is possible to reach the purpose of constant speed high-effective dust-removing.
In order to ensure that granular layer material still keeps efficient operation, and the operating mode of reply atm number within a period of time, should
It is in parallel that technical scheme preferably employs many table apparatus.And according to operating mode, carry out strength blowback ash successively and rinse.When this device is in
When blowback ash rinses state, lower exhaust port 6 is closed, and carries out blowback by blowback QI KOU 19, and gases at high pressure ejection enters filters
Room 3, and under the effect of diversion division 4, make filtrate be in fluidized state, the dust in filtrate is taken out of by air-flow, and blowback QI KOU can
Rotate, it is to avoid deashing is incomplete.The setting of ash discharging hole, the back mixing phenomenon occurred during can avoiding blowback, dust is by ash discharge
Mouth 11 falls into expansion chamber 2, and falls in ash bucket 9, discharges from total ash discharging hole 10.And baffle plate 18 ensures that granular layer was not blown
Filter chamber 3.Many table apparatus soot blowing successively in parallel i.e. can reach the purpose of overall Effec-tive Function.
When device is in dust removal state, air vent 6 is opened and is exhausted, contribute to taking dust and gas stream and pass through;Work as device
When being in blowback ash state, close air vent, at rotary-type nozzle 19, connect back-blowing device carry out blowback.By rotary-type nozzle
It is positioned at the side of filter chamber 3, on the one hand can avoid the obstruction of rotary-type nozzle, on the other hand reduce blowback resistance, save and run
Cost, makes granular layer be in fluidized state more fully, and dust is blown in expansion chamber 2 smoothly to be settled.
Although the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described by the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines, but not the present invention is protected model
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, and those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.