CN106255618B - 具有无侧后视镜的后视装置的机动车 - Google Patents

具有无侧后视镜的后视装置的机动车 Download PDF

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CN106255618B
CN106255618B CN201580020368.7A CN201580020368A CN106255618B CN 106255618 B CN106255618 B CN 106255618B CN 201580020368 A CN201580020368 A CN 201580020368A CN 106255618 B CN106255618 B CN 106255618B
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CN106255618A (zh
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A·霍宁格
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有无侧后视镜的后视装置(2)的机动车(1)，所述后视装置包括至少一个能够用来检测后方空间/交通状况的至少一部分的摄像机(3)和至少一个能够用来显示所述至少一个摄像机(3)所检测到的图像片段的屏幕(4)。在此，本发明重要的在于，所述至少一个屏幕(4)布置在侧门(6)的朝车辆内部空间的方向伸的托架(5)上，其中所述托架(5)在侧门(6)关闭时至少部分地配合到仪表盘(8)的凹槽(9)中。

Description

具有无侧后视镜的后视装置的机动车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有无侧后视镜的后视装置的机动车，所述后视装置包括至少一个能够用来检测后方空间/交通状况的至少一部分的摄像机和至少一个能够用来显示所述至少一个摄像机所检测到的图像片段的屏幕，其中所述至少一个屏幕布置在侧门的朝车辆内部空间的方向伸的托架上。
背景技术
DE 200 10 180 U1揭示过这种位于机动车中的交通观察装置，这种交通观察装置具有至少一个布置在机动车上的镜头指向机动车外侧的摄像机，和一个布置在汽车内部空间中的监视器，其能够用来呈现镜头传输给摄像机的图像信息。
由DE 10 2007 054 342 B3已知一种具有无侧后视镜的后视装置的机动车，所述机动车具有至少一个安装在机动车上的电子摄像机***，所述电子摄像机***的视角指向车辆的向后方向。该电子摄像机***的镜头在此如此地布置在机动车的车身上，使得该镜头充其量略微伸出超过车辆轮廓，且具有布置在方向盘左侧的用于显示该摄像机***所拍摄的发生在车辆左后方区域内的交通事件的屏幕以及布置在方向盘右侧的用于显示该摄像机***所拍摄的发生在车辆右后方区域内的交通事件的屏幕。这样就能向后观察车辆两侧的交通事件，而不会对机动车的宽度及其空气阻力造成不利影响。
由DE 10 2007 032 527 A1已知一种用于机动车的图像处理机构，具有至少一个布置在机动车上的用于检测车辆周围环境的图像的摄像机、与摄像机耦合的用于处理图像的电子装置和至少一个与该装置耦合的用于显示图像的图像显示装置。所述图像显示装置在此布置在A柱的朝向机动车乘客内部空间的区域上，因此，该图像显示装置布置在与传统外后视镜的视野一致的区域内。
现有技术的缺点是，如果这种无侧后视镜的后视装置的屏幕布置在A柱区域内，驾驶员的视野就受到挡风玻璃的限制。而在布置在仪表盘内的情况下，相应的驾驶员必须在迄今为止的用于观察侧后视镜的视角方面作出适应。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明研究的问题是，针对所述类型的机动车提供一种改进型或者至少替代式的实施方式，这种实施方式特别是克服了现有技术中公知的缺点且还提供另外的功能上的优点。
根据本发明，所述问题通过独立权利要求1的主题来解决。有利实施方式是从属权利要求的主题。
本发明基于以下考虑：将无侧后视镜的后视装置的屏幕布置在机动车的既不限制驾驶员的视野又未曾利用过的结构空间内，从而得到在结构空间技术方面的优点。整体而言，本发明的机动车具有前述的无侧后视镜的后视装置，所述后视装置包括至少一个可用来检测后方空间的至少一部分的摄像机和至少一个可用来显示所述至少一个摄像机所检测到的图像片段的屏幕。根据本发明，所述至少一个屏幕布置在侧门的朝车辆内部空间的方向伸的托架上，其中所述托架在侧门关闭时至少部分地配合到仪表盘的凹槽中。该方案的主要优点在于，可将屏幕设置在人体工学上有利且位于惯常的镜高度上的位置上，该位置也是未曾利用过的。布置在所述区域内使得A柱区域内的向外的视线遮挡降至最低，从而不限制驾驶员的视野。同时，将屏幕正好布置在所述位置上，在可观察性和可操作性方面达到最佳效果。通过将屏幕集成在侧门上的托架中，就能将摄像机与屏幕间的易受干扰的视频电缆保持非常短，从而确保不受干扰的图像。这一点尤其是附加地还因以下方案而更为有利：所述视频电缆不具有任何半径且不与例如可能产生EMV干扰的其他电线发生接触。
根据本发明，所述托架具有通风通道，所述通风通道在侧门关闭时与所述仪表盘的通风花窗连通式连接，并特别是被构建用于为侧面玻璃通风和/或冷却所述屏幕。这样一来，采用上述构建方案的托架大幅提升了功能性，因为布置在所述区域内的屏幕绝不对通风以及由此为侧面玻璃除水汽造成妨碍。同时，利用从通风花窗通过托架引导的气流还能对无侧后视镜的后视装置的屏幕进行冷却，这本身允许使用温敏且迄今为止无法应用于此目的的高分辨率屏幕。迄今为止布置在仪表盘区域内的用于为侧面玻璃通风的通风花窗可以基本保持不变，这本身允许进行后续变更或者简单地将后视镜更换成所述无侧后视镜的后视装置，而不必在仪表盘上实施相应的匹配。在此为了可保证在所述托架中的通风通道与所述仪表盘上的通风花窗间的尽可能流体密封的连接，在所述通风通道的入口上布置有密封件，特别是橡胶材料密封件或泡沫材料密封件，所述密封件在侧门关闭时将所述通风通道与所述通风花窗密封式连接在一起。
在根据本发明的解决方案的优选的实施方式中，在所述托架中集成有扩音器，特别是高音用扩音器。因此，所述托架不仅提供容置屏幕的可能性以及实现用于为侧面玻璃通风和/或冷却屏幕的通风通道，而且还附加地为扩音器、特别是高音用扩音器提供安装空间。这样就能简单地移置迄今为止通常布置在镜三角中的高音用扩音器并将其布置在托架中，从而可达到封装优点。此外还可以将另外的结构元件，如天线、传感器和/或免提通话麦克风集成在所述托架中。因此在这种托架中特别有利的也在于，所述托架可以作为可预制的组件制造出来且已经具有了所有部件，如通风通道、屏幕、扩音器以及可选的附加结构元件。通过这种可预制的组件尤其是可缩短装配线上的循环时间，因为在装配线上仅需对托架进行附装，特别是进行螺纹连接，并例如通过插式连接来进行相应电连接。例如可以在供应商处或者在独立的预制装置中就已经进行托架与前述部件的真正装配。
有利地，在所述侧门的外侧上布置有承载所述至少一个摄像机的悬臂。但与迄今为止的外后视镜相比，这种悬臂可以采用极其纤细且由此在空气动力学方面有利的保持方案，因为摄像机在最有利的情形下仅具有大头针头部的大小。通过将屏幕紧挨侧门和该至少一个摄像机布置，尤其是可将易受干扰的视频电缆保持较短，从而确保不受干扰地进行接收或者不受干扰的图像。
本发明的更多重要特征和优点参阅从属权利要求、附图和结合附图的相应附图描述。
可以理解的是，在本发明范围内，上述特征和下文将予阐述的特征不仅可按本申请分别给出的方式进行组合应用，也可按其他方式组合应用或单独应用。
附图说明
附图中示出本发明的优选实施例并在随后的描述中进行详细说明，其中相同或类似或者功能相同的部件用同一参考符号表示。附图分别示意性地示出：
图1为本发明的机动车在侧门关闭时的内视图，该机动车具有布置在伸入车辆内部空间中的托架上的屏幕，
图2为如图1中的视图，但是是在侧门打开时，
图3为机动车在托架区域内的剖视图，
图4为不具有本发明的无侧后视镜的后视装置的即根据现有技术的车辆内部空间的视图。
具体实施方式
如图1至3所示，本发明的机动车1具有无侧后视镜的后视装置2，所述后视装置具有至少一个可用来检测后方空间或后方交通状况的至少一部分的摄像机3(参阅图3)和至少一个可用来显示该至少一个摄像机3所检测到的图像片段的屏幕4。现在，根据本发明，所述至少一个屏幕4位于侧门的内侧上的朝车辆内部空间的方向伸的托架5上，其中所述托架5在侧门6关闭时至少部分地配合到仪表盘8的凹槽9(特别是参阅图2和3)中。与如现有技术中已知的那样在屏幕直接接合在A柱上或者仪表盘中时得到的情形不同，在根据本发明将屏幕布置在侧门的内侧上时，能以彼此紧邻的方式布置摄像机3与屏幕4，由此能以既短又不存在半径的方式保持将这两个组件3、4连接在一起的视频电缆10，这有助于不受干扰地进行接收。将托架5和屏幕4在A柱7的下端部的高度上布置在仪表盘8的所述特别的区域内，也在可观察性和可操作性方面实现最佳解决方案，其中尤其是驾驶员的视野不会受到任何限制或者仅会受到轻微限制。此外，屏幕4所处位置与在迄今为止的机动车1'中布置的外后视镜11'(参阅图4)几乎相同，这样就能在驾驶员的人体工学和重新适应方面最佳地布置该屏幕。
如果考察图3则可以看出，托架5具有通风通道12，所述通风通道在侧门6关闭时与仪表盘8的通风花窗13连通式连接并尤其是被构建用于为侧面玻璃14通风和/或冷却屏幕4。在通风通道12的入口上还布置有密封件15，特别是橡胶材料密封件或泡沫材料密封件，所述密封件在侧门6关闭时将通风通道12与通风花窗13密封式连接在一起。从而可避免不期望的旁路流。在此，如图3所示，通风通道12在屏幕4后面延伸，从而对所述屏幕进行冷却。
在后视装置2的托架5中还可以集成有扩音器16，特别是高音用扩音器，其中所述扩音器16例如指向机动车1的挡风玻璃17，从而可产生间接扬声。当然还可以将另外的元件，如天线、传感器和/或免提通话麦克风集成在托架5中。在侧门6关闭时，托架5以及由此屏幕4布置在侧通风喷嘴18上方(参阅图1和3)并且由此又能以有利于人体工学且尤其是也不影响侧通风功能的方式来安置。
如果考察图3则可以看出，在侧门6的外侧上布置有承载所述至少一个摄像机3的悬臂19。但所述悬臂19可以采用极其纤细且在空气动力学方面有利的构建方案，因为摄像机3又相对于外后视镜11'(参阅图4)可保持很小，特别是仅具有大头针头部的大小。
采用本发明的后视装置2后，便能以人体工学上有利的方式布置屏幕4，此外，这种布置不对驾驶员的视野造成任何限制或者仅在边缘上造成限制。通过将屏幕4集成在本发明的托架5中以及在仪表盘8上设置相应的凹槽9，屏幕4就能在侧门6关闭时以至少部分嵌入的方式布置在凹槽9中，从而不占用任何限制驾驶员活动自由度的结构空间。在侧门6关闭时，同时将托架5用作通风通道12，这样就能确保穿过托架5对侧面玻璃14进行不受干扰的通风。但通风通道12在此不仅能实现对侧面玻璃14进行通风并且由此确保无冰和水汽，而且所述通风通道还能附加地实现对屏幕4进行冷却。此外，托架5还具有例如用于扩音器16和/或其他小构件如天线、传感器或麦克风的其他容置方案，从而可提升其功能性。在此，托架5的形状构型可匹配于各自的车辆设计方案，这样一来，本发明的后视装置2就能应用于各种类型的车辆。如果再次考察图1则可看出，屏幕4和布置在其后面的托架5既不朝挡风玻璃17的方向也不朝侧面玻璃4的方向影响视野，与这种后视装置2的迄今为止的实施方式相比，这当然提高行驶安全性。
与应用在迄今为止的机动车1'中的外后视镜11'相比，通过侧面玻璃14的视野甚至还能扩宽。在图4所示的现有技术所揭示的机动车1'中，与图1和3所示本发明的机动车1相同的构件用同一参考符号和撇号表示。

Claims (13)

1.一种具有无侧后视镜的后视装置(2)的机动车(1)，所述后视装置包括至少一个能够用来检测后方空间/交通状况的至少一部分的摄像机(3)和至少一个能够用来显示所述至少一个摄像机(3)所检测到的图像片段的屏幕(4)，其中所述至少一个屏幕(4)布置在侧门(6)的朝车辆内部空间的方向伸的托架(5)上，
其特征在于，
所述托架(5)在侧门(6)关闭时至少部分地配合到仪表盘(8)的凹槽(9)中，所述托架(5)具有通风通道(12)，所述通风通道在侧门(6)关闭时与所述仪表盘(8)的通风花窗(13)连通式连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
在所述通风通道(12)的入口上布置有密封件(15)，所述密封件在侧门(6)关闭时将所述通风通道(12)与所述通风花窗(13)密封式连接在一起。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
所述通风通道(12)在所述屏幕(4)后面延伸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
在所述托架(5)中集成有扩音器(16)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
所述扩音器(16)指向挡风玻璃(17)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
在所述侧门(6)的外侧上布置有承载所述至少一个摄像机(3)的悬臂(19)。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
在所述托架(5)中布置有至少一个另外的结构元件。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
所述托架(5)在侧门(6)关闭时布置在所述仪表盘上的侧通风喷嘴(18)上方。
9.根据权利要求5所述的机动车，
其特征在于，
所述托架(5)与屏幕(4)、通风通道(12)、密封件(15)和扩音器(16)构建为预制或可预制的组件。
10.根据权利要求1所述的机动车，其特征在于，所述通风通道(12)被构建用于为侧面玻璃(14)通风和/或冷却所述屏幕(4)。
11.根据权利要求2所述的机动车，其特征在于，所述密封件(15)是橡胶材料密封件或泡沫材料密封件。
12.根据权利要求4所述的机动车，其特征在于，所述扩音器(16)是高音用扩音器。
13.根据权利要求7所述的机动车，其特征在于，另外的结构元件是天线或传感器。
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