CN106224434A - There is antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device - Google Patents

There is antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106224434A
CN106224434A CN201610639997.4A CN201610639997A CN106224434A CN 106224434 A CN106224434 A CN 106224434A CN 201610639997 A CN201610639997 A CN 201610639997A CN 106224434 A CN106224434 A CN 106224434A
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earthquake isolating
horizontal
antitorque
isolating equipment
resistance
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CN201610639997.4A
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CN106224434B (en
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张辰啸
聂桂波
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M2200/00Details of stands or supports

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

nullThe present invention relates to a kind of there is antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device,Described earthquake isolating equipment includes base plate、Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment、Middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and top board,Described bottom level earthquake isolating equipment is provided with horizontal spring device,Described middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is provided with oblique spring assembly,Described base plate is connected with described bottom level shock insulation by described horizontal spring device,Described middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is connected with bottom level earthquake isolating equipment by the second ball pivot of oblique spring assembly,It is connected with top board by the first ball pivot of oblique spring assembly,Constitute described earthquake isolating equipment,Solution horizontal seismic isolation that can be the most independent and vertical earthquake isolating problem,And the horizontal displacement vertical stability caused and the problem reversing the stability caused,Change to greatest extent and protected structure and equipment and the natural vibration period of cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution,Reach to reduce geological process with protection structure and equipment and the purpose of cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution.

Description

There is antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seismic isolation and reduction structure, equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution, be specifically related to one and there is antitorque and resistance to plucking merit The three-dimensional shock insulation device of energy.
Background technology
China is located in two main earthquake zones-between Eurasian earthquake zone and circum-Pacific seismic belt, be to suffer in the world To one of country that earthquake damage is the most serious.In history, the most repeatedly occur in Yangtze River Delta and the Delta of the Pearl River 6 grades with On macroseism, in Beijing-Tianjin Bohai Rim, over nearly 300 years, within the most every 44 years, just there is the violent earthquake of more than 7 grades.Along with The quickening of urbanization process, substantial amounts of national wealth is quickly to city and group of cities area concentration.And China 1/3rd with On group of cities that is built or that plan to build be positioned at it may happen that the area of more than 7 grades violent earthquakes.City inner structure, equipment and collection The destruction of historical relic and national security and social stability will be caused huge impact by the economic loss and the casualties that cause.Earthquake It is that along with being continually changing of the earth's crust, the effect of crustal stress exceedes somewhere rock owing to earth formation is in the stress state of complexity Layer ultimate strength time, rock stratum will occur unexpected fracture and the changing of the relative positions, thus cause vibrations, and pass to the form of elastic wave Earth's surface, causes the object with certain mass of adjacent ground surface to produce inertia force, when this inertia of opposing that object itself has During the shock resistance deficiency acted on, object destroys.And connect when the predominant period of earthquake motion and the natural vibration period of object compare Time near, the destruction of object just will be more serious.And object can be significantly changed by object being arranged certain earthquake isolating equipment Natural vibration period, thus avoid the predominant period of earthquake, thus significantly reduce the inertia force acting on object, reduce object on ground Destruction under shake effect, increases object safety under earthquake.
Traditional seismic isolation technology that subtracts is generally divided into two big classes: a class be by earthquake isolating equipment arrange extending structure from Shake the cycle, reduce the earthquake response of superstructure;Another kind of is the device by arranging power consumption in the junction of structure with basis, Consume the earthquake energy input to structure, thus reduce the seismic energy being input in structure, reduce the destruction of geological process.Mesh Front both subtracts seismic isolation technology and all achieves preferably application, but above two technology is all to reduce horizontal earthquake to act as Purpose, therefore both technology are only applicable to those to the most insensitive structure or the knot that is made without vertical earthquake isolating Structure, the most above-mentioned technology is only capable of the needs meeting horizontal seismic isolation, there is also bigger defect and hidden danger.But all previous earthquake After investigation and analysis have been found that, impact and the harm of structure be can not be ignored by vertical seismic action, in some cases, vertically Shake effect even plays control action, and tradition subtracts seismic isolation technology and typically all carries out subtracting shock insulation for horizontal direction, is therefore discontented with The demand of foot vertical earthquake isolating, the most under certain conditions, this seismic isolation technology also can produce amplification to vertical seismic action, The earthquake safety of structure is brought huge threat.And existing Three-dimensional shock absorbing supports is mainly horizontal seismic isolation and vertical earthquake isolating Simple combination, a combination thereof performance is more difficult meets stability problem.
Summary of the invention
For solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides one to be capable of vertically and level is to simultaneously Independent shock insulation there is antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: described earthquake isolating equipment include base plate, Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment, middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and top board, described bottom level earthquake isolating equipment and described middle part vertically every Shake device is provided with four groups the most orthogonal theretoly;
It is provided with four base plate sliding trays on described base plate orthogonal theretoly;
Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment described in each group is provided with one group of horizontal slide rod, and four groups of horizontal slide rod set orthogonal theretoly Put;Each group of horizontal slide rod is arranged with a cross sliding clock, each cross sliding clock and a described base plate sliding tray lead to Cross resistance to plucking bolt to form level and be slidably connected;In passing through one group of cross sliding clock connecting rod between two cross sliding clocks being oppositely arranged Form a fixed connection;Each horizontal slide rod is additionally provided with a horizontal spring, described horizontal spring and described cross sliding clock Elastic abutting, the elastic force in the horizontal spring being subject on two cross sliding clocks being oppositely arranged is in opposite direction;
Middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment described in each group is provided with several Extensible connection device side by side, fills each flexible connection Putting the oblique spring dead plate of torsion resistant device and the lower end including upper end, the upper end of described torsion resistant device has the first ball pivot, under End forms expansion link, and the lower end of described oblique spring dead plate forms the second ball pivot, and upper end forms expansion link set, described expansion link Freely can stretch in described expansion link overlaps;The outer sheath overlapped at described expansion link is connected to oblique spring, described oblique spring Two ends abut with described torsion resistant device and described oblique spring dead plate respectively;
Described in each group, the first ball pivot of middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is hinged with the corresponding sides of top board, vertical in the middle part of in the of each group Second ball pivot of earthquake isolating equipment is hinged with the cross sliding clock of corresponding bottom level earthquake isolating equipment.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: the outer rim of base plate is welded with orthogonal theretoly Four end horizontal spring fixed boards, it is fixing vertical that the medium position of base plate is welded with four middle part horizontal springs orthogonal theretoly Plate, is welded with one group between the end horizontal spring fixed board and middle part horizontal spring fixed board of every pair of opposing Described horizontal slide rod.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: horizontal slide rod described in each group has Two horizontal slide rod.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: the two ends of described horizontal spring respectively with Described middle part horizontal spring fixed board and described cross sliding clock elasticity abut.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: vertical earthquake isolating dress in middle part described in each group Install three Extensible connection device side by side.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: adjacent Extensible connection device antitorque It is connected by shear key between device.
Described have antitorque and resistance to plucking function a three-dimensional shock insulation device, wherein: described first ball pivot and described second ball Hinge is universal rotational ball pivot.
Compared with prior art, the present invention achieves following technique effect to three-dimensional shock insulation device of the present invention:
The present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device and solves realization while realizing horizontal seismic isolation The problem of independent vertical earthquake isolating, enhances vertical stability and torsional stability that horizontal displacement causes, has reached necessary real Existing level, to providing the purpose of three-dimensional shock insulation protection with the structure of vertical earthquake isolating and equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution, changes to greatest extent Protected structure and equipment and the natural vibration period of cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution, reach to reduce geological process with protection structure and equipment and collection literary composition The purpose of thing.
After being arranged symmetrically with due to oblique spring four limit, additional vertical force is equal to the summation of the vertical force component of oblique spring, its Horizontal component is cancelled out each other, and vertical force can cause the telescopic variation of oblique its length, the change of oblique spring to cause whole The vertical displacement change of body bearing, the most oblique groups of springs has vertical rigidity component, and the most oblique groups of springs works at shock insulation Constitute one group of Vertical Spring with horizontal self-stable characteristic in principle, there is stable vertical earthquake isolating ability.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device axonometric drawing;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device front view;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device top view;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention has the bottom level earthquake isolating equipment of the three-dimensional shock insulation device of antitorque and resistance to plucking function and base plate is bowed View;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention has the antitorque and three-dimensional shock insulation device bottom level earthquake isolating equipment of resistance to plucking function and base plate is faced Figure;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention has the antitorque and three-dimensional shock insulation device bottom level earthquake isolating equipment of resistance to plucking function and base plate is looked up Figure;
Fig. 7 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device axonometric drawing (without base plate);
Fig. 8 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device top view (without base plate);
Fig. 9 is that the present invention has the three-dimensional shock insulation device top view of antitorque and resistance to plucking function and (is inverted by three-dimensional shock isolation pedestal And without base plate);
Figure 10 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device front view (without base plate);
Figure 11 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device axonometric drawing (without top board);
Figure 12 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device top view (without top board);
Figure 13 is that the present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device front view (without top board);
Figure 14 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment axonometric drawing in the middle part of the three-dimensional shock insulation device of antitorque and resistance to plucking function and (contains Top board);
Figure 15 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment top view (general in the middle part of the antitorque three-dimensional shock insulation device with resistance to plucking function Middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is inverted and contains top board);
Figure 16 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment front view in the middle part of the three-dimensional shock insulation device of antitorque and resistance to plucking function and (contains Top board);
Figure 17 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment front view in the middle part of the antitorque three-dimensional shock insulation device with resistance to plucking function;
Figure 18 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment top view in the middle part of the antitorque three-dimensional shock insulation device with resistance to plucking function;
Figure 19 is that the present invention has vertical earthquake isolating equipment side view in the middle part of the antitorque three-dimensional shock insulation device with resistance to plucking function;
Figure 20 present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device torsion resistant device top view.
Figure 21 present invention has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device torsion resistant device profile (A-A section).
Description of reference numerals: 1-base plate;2-end horizontal spring fixed board;3-horizontal slide rod;4-horizontal spring;5- Cross sliding clock connecting rod;6-cross sliding clock;7-base plate installing hole;Horizontal spring fixed board in the middle part of 8-;9-the first ball pivot;10- Oblique spring;11-expansion link;12-expansion link set;The oblique spring dead plate of 13-;14-torsion resistant device;15-shear key;16-is even Extension bar;17-the second ball pivot;18-top board;19-base plate sliding tray;20-resistance to plucking bolt.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the technical characteristic above-mentioned to the present invention and advantage are further described.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 20, the present invention provides a kind of and has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, the end of including Plate 1, bottom level earthquake isolating equipment, middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and top board 18.
Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment is provided with four groups, is normally located otherwise on base plate 1, is provided with on base plate 1 orthogonal theretoly Four base plate sliding trays 19, the outer rim of base plate 1 is welded with four end horizontal spring fixed boards 2 orthogonal theretoly, in base plate 1 Position, portion is welded with four middle part horizontal spring fixed boards 8 orthogonal theretoly, at the end horizontal spring of every pair of opposing Being welded with one group of (two) horizontal slide rod 3 between fixed board 2 and middle part horizontal spring fixed board 8, four groups of levels are slided The orthogonal thereto layout of bar 3, in each group of horizontal slide rod 3, cross-under has a cross sliding clock 6, two cross sliding clocks 6 being oppositely arranged Between form a fixed connection by one group of (two) cross sliding clock connecting rod 5 so that these two cross sliding clocks 6 being oppositely arranged can It is synchronized with the movement;Wear in horizontal slide rod 3 between each cross sliding clock 6 with corresponding middle part horizontal spring fixed board 8 Having horizontal spring 4, the lower end of each cross sliding clock 6 to be also welded with resistance to plucking bolt 20, resistance to plucking bolt 20 passes base plate sliding tray 19, Make cross sliding clock 6 can make straight-line displacement along base plate sliding tray 19;
Middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is provided with four groups, and in the middle part of in the of each group, vertical earthquake isolating equipment is provided with several (these side by side Embodiment is three) Extensible connection device, each Extensible connection device includes the torsion resistant device 14 of upper end and the oblique of lower end Spring dead plate 13, the upper end of described torsion resistant device 14 has the first ball pivot 9, and lower end forms expansion link 11, described oblique spring The lower end of fixed plate 13 forms the second ball pivot 17, and upper end forms expansion link set 12, and described expansion link 11 can be at described expansion link Set 12 freely stretches;Outer sheath at described expansion link set 12 is connected to oblique spring 10, and the two ends of described oblique spring 10 are divided Do not abut with described torsion resistant device 14 and described oblique spring dead plate 13;First ball pivot of described middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment 9 is hinged by connecting rod 16 with top board 18, the second ball pivot 17 of middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and the water of bottom level earthquake isolating equipment Smooth block 6 is hinged.
Wherein: be connected by shear key 15 between the torsion resistant device 14 of adjacent Extensible connection device, it is possible to prevent top board 18 opposed bottom 1 twist.
The when of use, the device of vibration isolation, equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution is needed directly fixing with top board 18 to be connected, non-earthquake shape During state, vertical load makes oblique spring 10 produce compression;Level makes horizontal spring 4 produce compression to load;Oblique bullet Spring 10 and horizontal spring 4 work alone, and the two does not produce coupling.When earthquake occurs, the amplitude that vertical seismic motion produces is not The weakening of reciprocating vibration by oblique spring 10 of the pressure of disconnected change, and oblique spring 10 changes structure and equipment and collection The vertical natural vibration period of historical relic so that the remarkable week remotely shaken the vertical natural vibration period of structure and equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution Phase, thus significantly reduce Vertical Earthquake Loads;The pressure that the amplitude of horizontal earthquake movable property life is continually changing is by level bullet The weakening of reciprocating vibration of spring 4, and horizontal spring 4 changes the level of structure and equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution to natural vibration period, makes Obtain the predominant period that the level of structure and equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution remotely shook to natural vibration period, thus significantly reduce level To geological process;Oblique this supporting way of spring 10 it can be avoided that produce bigger horizontal displacement when earthquake occurs, and Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment limits it by end horizontal spring fixed board 2 and produces excessive displacement, it is ensured that displacement is rationally In the range of, oblique spring 10 is constantly in acute angle state with ground angle, which ensure that the vertical stability of earthquake isolating equipment, no Can be because excessive horizontal displacement causes earthquake isolating equipment unstability;Cross sliding clock 6 is attached with base plate 1 by resistance to plucking bolt 20, Under normal circumstances, oblique spring 10 bears pressure, and resistance to plucking bolt 20 is inoperative, and when expansion link 11 bears pulling force, level is sliding Block 6 has the trend departing from base plate 1, and resistance to plucking bolt 20 works so that earthquake isolating equipment has anti-pulling ability, it is to avoid earthquake occurs Time structure and equipment and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution produce bigger swing and unstability;Torsion resistant device 14 and shear key 15 ensure that structure and set Standby and cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution does not produce twisting action, it is to avoid the generation of torsion.After the earthquake, horizontal spring 4 automatically resets to non-ly Position during shake state.
Above explanation and embodiment are only exemplary, the scope of the present invention are not constituted any restriction.This area Skilled artisans appreciated that, lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention can to the details of technical solution of the present invention and Form is modified or replaces, but these amendments and replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. one kind has antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: described earthquake isolating equipment includes base plate, the end Portion's horizontal seismic isolation device, middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and top board, described bottom level earthquake isolating equipment and described middle part vertical earthquake isolating Device is provided with four groups the most orthogonal theretoly;
It is provided with four base plate sliding trays on described base plate orthogonal theretoly;
Bottom level earthquake isolating equipment described in each group is provided with one group of horizontal slide rod, and four groups of horizontal slide rod are arranged orthogonal theretoly; Each group of horizontal slide rod is arranged with a cross sliding clock, each cross sliding clock and a described base plate sliding tray by anti- Pull out bolt to form level and be slidably connected;Formed by one group of cross sliding clock connecting rod between two cross sliding clocks being oppositely arranged Fixing connection;Being additionally provided with a horizontal spring in each horizontal slide rod, described horizontal spring is elastic with described cross sliding clock Abutting, the elastic force in the horizontal spring being subject on two cross sliding clocks being oppositely arranged is in opposite direction;
Described in each group, middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is provided with several Extensible connection device side by side, each Extensible connection device bag Including the torsion resistant device of upper end and the oblique spring dead plate of lower end, the upper end of described torsion resistant device has the first ball pivot, lower end shape Becoming expansion link, the lower end of described oblique spring dead plate forms the second ball pivot, and upper end forms expansion link set, and described expansion link can Freely stretch in described expansion link overlaps;The outer sheath overlapped at described expansion link is connected to oblique spring, the two of described oblique spring End abuts with described torsion resistant device and described oblique spring dead plate respectively;
Described in each group, the first ball pivot of middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment is hinged with the corresponding sides of top board, vertical earthquake isolating in the middle part of in the of each group Second ball pivot of device is hinged with the cross sliding clock of corresponding bottom level earthquake isolating equipment.
The most according to claim 1 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: outside base plate Edge is welded with four end horizontal spring fixed boards orthogonal theretoly, and the medium position of base plate is welded with four middle parts orthogonal theretoly Horizontal spring fixed board, at end horizontal spring fixed board and the middle part horizontal spring fixed board of every pair of opposing Between be welded with horizontal slide rod described in a group.
The most according to claim 2 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: each group of institute State horizontal slide rod and there are two horizontal slide rod.
The most according to claim 2 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: described level The two ends of spring abut with described middle part horizontal spring fixed board and described cross sliding clock elasticity respectively.
The most according to claim 1 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: each group of institute State middle part vertical earthquake isolating equipment and be provided with three Extensible connection device side by side.
The most according to claim 5 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: adjacent stretches It is connected by shear key between the torsion resistant device of contracting attachment means.
The most according to claim 1 have antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device, it is characterised in that: described first Ball pivot and described second ball pivot are universal rotational ball pivot.
CN201610639997.4A 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 With antitorque and resistance to plucking function three-dimensional shock insulation device Active CN106224434B (en)

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CN115030341A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-09-09 黄河水利职业技术学院 Shock absorption and isolation mounting structure and mounting method for earthquake-resistant building in multiple earthquake regions
CN115182476A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-10-14 安徽工业大学 Three-dimensional shock isolation system capable of achieving elastic limiting at ordinary times and unilateral limiting during working
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