CN106212398A - A kind of method using artificial aphid to carry out aphidius gifuensis breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method using artificial aphid to carry out aphidius gifuensis breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106212398A CN106212398A CN201610879194.6A CN201610879194A CN106212398A CN 106212398 A CN106212398 A CN 106212398A CN 201610879194 A CN201610879194 A CN 201610879194A CN 106212398 A CN106212398 A CN 106212398A
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- aphid
- aphidius gifuensis
- artificial
- homogenate
- honeybee
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method using artificial aphid to carry out aphidius gifuensis breeding, be artificial aphid is put into temperature be 20～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% Cultivation container in, make to complete copulation, aphidius gifuensis queen bee to be laid eggs lays eggs on artificial aphid；Place into aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male 5～after 6 days, artificial aphid is taken out and continues to cultivate, until aphidius gifuensis is sprouted wings honeybee.The artificial aphid that the inventive method uses can effectively provide the nutritional need required for aphidius gifuensis growth, and spray, on artificial aphid surface, the attractant that beneficially aphidius gifuensis is laid eggs, make aphidius gifuensis survival rate, parasitic rate, eclosion rate can meet the demand of reality.The present invention can solve that traditional numerous honeybee method technique is loaded down with trivial details, take up room big, high in cost of production drawback, and numerous aphidius gifuensis is prone to collect, preserve and discharge.And the raw material sources of the artificial aphid of the present invention are extensive, preparation technology is simple, and application is convenient, is suitable to spread.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insect reproduction technical field, be specifically related to a kind of use artificial aphid to carry out aphidius gifuensis breeding
Method.
Background technology
Aphidius gifuensis is the important parasitic wasp of aphid, all has distribution at China's the South and the North, the natural contral to host aphid
Power is relatively strong, and main parasitic object includes the aphids such as cigarette aphid, green bugs, radish aphid.At vega, the aphidius gifuensis parasitism to cigarette aphid
Rate is usually 20%-60%.Aphidius gifuensis utilizes future very wide in terms of Biological control, has important economic worth, always
It it is the object of China Biological control worker close attention.It is artificial that current China has formed the most perfect a set of aphidius gifuensis
Propagation technique, and large-area applications in the preventing and treating of the crop aphids such as Nicotiana tabacum L..
The artificial propagation technique of aphidius gifuensis is the most loaded down with trivial details at present, needs through below scheme: breeding aphid host
The programs such as plant, expanding propagation aphid, inoculation aphid parasite, expanding propagation aphid parasite, collection aphid parasite, aphid and aphid parasite conservation, this technique
Relate to link many, a large amount of human and material resources need to be used, and large area breeding place need to be taken, the most relatively costly.It is additionally, since not
Having the man-made feeds being specifically designed to aphidius gifuensis breeding, effect when making to carry out artificial propagation is unsatisfactory.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method using artificial aphid to carry out aphidius gifuensis breeding, thus make up existing
The deficiency of technology.
The method of the present invention, be artificial aphid is put into temperature be 20～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% support
Grow in container, be then placed in the one-tenth honeybee female, male of aphidius gifuensis, make to complete copulation, aphidius gifuensis queen bee to be laid eggs manually
Lay eggs on aphid；Place into aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male 5～after 6 days, artificial aphid taken out, be placed in temperature be 20～25 DEG C,
Relative humidity be 50%～80% environment in continue cultivate, until aphidius gifuensis is sprouted wings honeybee；
Described artificial aphid, its preparation method is as follows: after being dissolved by the agar hot water of preparation culture medium, add chicken
Egg yolk, skim milk, sucrose, inorganic salt solution, Theravite, compositing acid solution, methyl parahydroxybenzoate,
After mix homogeneously, add aphid homogenate；Make capsulating material with parafilm film after mix homogeneously, honeybee card machine is made straight
Footpath is the artificial aphid of 1.5-2.0mm size；
Above-mentioned aphid homogenate, egg yolk, skim milk, sucrose, inorganic salt solution, Theravite, compound
Freamine Ⅲ, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, agar mass percent concentration as follows: aphid homogenate 30%, egg yolk
20%, skim milk 20%, sucrose 10%, inorganic salt solution 1%, Theravite 2%, compositing acid solution
10%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%, surplus is water.
Described inorganic salt solution, is the aqueous solution including following quality concentration of volume percent component: 4.50mg/ml
Sodium chloride, 0.1mg/ml potassium chloride, 0.25mg/ml calcium chloride and 0.18mg/ml sodium bicarbonate；
Described Theravite, includes the component of following mass concentration in every 100ml solution: 0.02mg sulfur ammonia
Element, 180mg choline chloride, 0.02mg vitamin B12,0.08mg folic acid, 13mg inositol, 5mg nicotinic acid, 2.1mg calcium pantothenate,
0.3mg vitamin B6,1mg riboflavin.
Described compositing acid solution, includes the component of following mass concentration in every 100ml solution: 300mg the third ammonia
Acid, 320mg arginine, 300mg aspartic acid, 800mg glutamic acid, 300mg histidine, 250mg isoleucine, the bright ammonia of 180mg
Acid, 150mg methionine, 245mg phenylalanine, 300mg proline, 390mg serine, 250mg threonine, 130mg color ammonia
Acid, 150mg tyrosine, 350mg valine.
Described aphid homogenate, its preparation method is to be joined by aphid in above-mentioned inorganic salt solution, after being homogenized,
The filtrate obtained after homogenate is crossed 80 mesh filter screens again.
Described aphid is any one or several being in the green bugs of each age, grain aphid, cigarette aphid；
In the method for the invention, the surface of artificial aphid has been sprayed and has been lured aphidius gifuensis to produce in alimentation composition
The attractant of ovum, wherein includes the component of following mass percent concentration:
Tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate 15%, sucrose 10%, aminoacids complex 10%, nepetol 1%, Schizonepetin 1%,
Trans-beta-farnesene 1%, distilled water 62%.
Described tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate, is to select the tobacco leaf of 7-8 leaf phase to carry out homogenate filtration to make.
In the method for the present invention, connect 1 pair of aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male by every 40 artificial aphids, and placement fills 5%
The culture dish of hydromel is as the supplements of aphidius gifuensis adult.
The inventive method use artificial aphid can effectively provide aphidius gifuensis grow required for nutritional need, and
Artificial aphid surface sprays the attractant that beneficially aphidius gifuensis is laid eggs, and makes aphidius gifuensis survival rate, parasitic rate, eclosion rate to expire
The demand on full border.The present invention can solve that traditional numerous honeybee method technique is loaded down with trivial details, take up room big, high in cost of production drawback, numerous
Aphidius gifuensis is prone to collect, preserve and discharge.And the raw material sources of the artificial aphid of the present invention are extensive, preparation technology is simple, and
Application is convenient, is suitable to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Applicant finds during to aphidius gifuensis artificial propagation, and the breeding of current aphidius gifuensis all uses tradition side
Method, time-consuming, laborious and cost height.Therefore, applicant, on the basis of being analyzed the trophic component of cigarette aphid, simulates cigarette aphid system
Become the alimentation composition grown for aphidius gifuensis, and developed a kind of attractant luring aphidius gifuensis to lay eggs, thus promoted
Become the present invention.
Aphid homogenate used in the present invention, its a kind of preparation method is as follows: collects the aphid of each age, joins nothing
In machine saline solution, by refiner, aphid is fully ground, then filter with 80 mesh filter screens, the aphid that filtrate uses as the present invention
Worm homogenate.
The mating system of the aphidius gifuensis of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps that
Artificial aphid is placed in 20 DEG C～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% environment in, by every 40 artificial aphids
Worm connects 1 pair of aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male, and places the culture dish of the hydromel filling 5%, supplementing as aphidius gifuensis adult
Food.After 5 days, artificial aphid is taken out, be placed in above-mentioned humiture environment continuation and cultivate, until aphidius gifuensis is sprouted wings, statistics
The one-tenth honeybee quantity of sprouting wings also calculates eclosion rate, eclosion rate (%)=(sprout wings and honeybee head number/artificial aphid number) × 100.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: the selection of alimentation composition component
According to the result of the trophic component analysis to cigarette aphid, grow necessary nutrient, application in conjunction with insect growth
Composition and the proportioning of alimentation composition component are selected by people, according to the eclosion rate of aphidius gifuensis determine optimum component and
Proportioning.
The present embodiment is listed representational three groups of nutrients combination in screening process and is illustrated:
First group: egg yolk 35%, skim milk 35%, sucrose 10%, inorganic salt 1%, compound vitamin 2%, compound
Amino acid/11 0%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%, distilled water 6.7%.With the alimentation composition of the present embodiment
Breeding aphidius gifuensis, average every honeybee card obtains 42% eclosion rate.
Second group: grain aphid homogenate 25%, egg yolk 25%, skim milk 20%, sucrose 10%, inorganic salt 1%,
Compound vitamin 2%, aminoacids complex 10%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%, distilled water 6.7%.With this
The alimentation composition of embodiment breeds aphidius gifuensis, and average every honeybee card obtains 55% eclosion rate.
3rd group: cigarette aphid homogenate 30%, egg yolk 20%, skim milk 20%, sucrose 10%, inorganic salt 1%, compound
Vitamin 2%, aminoacids complex 10%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%, distilled water 6.7%.Implement with this
The alimentation composition of example breeds aphidius gifuensis, and average every honeybee card obtains 63% eclosion rate.
Found that employ the breeding effect of two groups of aphid homogenate significantly better than not using aphid homogenate
Group, and the 3rd group of effect breeding aphidius gifuensis is best.
Inorganic salt used in the present invention, compound vitamin, aminoacids complex formula are as follows:
Inorganic salt solution, is the aqueous solution including following quality concentration of volume percent component: 4.50mg/ml chlorination
Sodium, 0.1mg/ml potassium chloride, 0.25mg/ml calcium chloride and 0.18mg/ml sodium bicarbonate；
Theravite, includes the component of following mass concentration in every 100ml solution: 0.02mg thiamine,
180mg choline chloride, 0.02mg vitamin B12,0.08mg folic acid, 13mg inositol, 5mg nicotinic acid, 2.1mg calcium pantothenate, 0.3mg tie up
Raw element B6,1mg riboflavin.
Compositing acid solution, includes the component of following mass concentration in every 100ml solution: 300mg alanine,
320mg arginine, 300mg aspartic acid, 800mg glutamic acid, 300mg histidine, 250mg isoleucine, 180mg leucine,
150mg methionine, 245mg phenylalanine, 300mg proline, 390mg serine, 250mg threonine, 130mg tryptophan,
150mg tyrosine, 350mg valine.Also can be selected in insecticide cultivation field conventional inorganic salt, compound vitamin, compound ammonia
Base acid.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of artificial aphid
The agar hot water of preparation culture medium is dissolved rear stand-by；Add in embodiment in addition to aphid homogenate the
The component of the aphidius gifuensis nutrient of three groups, after mix homogeneously, adds aphid homogenate, and be incorporated as 250-350 unit/
The penicillin of milliliter；Make capsulating material with parafilm film after mix homogeneously, honeybee card machine is made a diameter of 1.5-2.0mm big
Little artificial aphid.
Embodiment 3: the selection of oviposition attractant component
In order to improve aphidius gifuensis spawning rate on artificial aphid, applicant to aphidius gifuensis oviposition attractant composition and
Proportioning is selected, and determines component and the proportioning of optimum according to the eclosion rate of aphidius gifuensis.
First group: aphidius gifuensis nutrient formula: cigarette aphid homogenate 30%, egg yolk 20%, skim milk 20%, sucrose
10%, inorganic salt 1%, compound vitamin 2%, aminoacids complex 10%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%,
Distilled water 6.7%.
After using above-mentioned formula to make artificial aphid, spray following oviposition attractant on artificial aphid surface: sucrose 10%,
Aminoacids complex 10%, nepetol 1%, Schizonepetin 1%, trans-beta-farnesene 1%, distilled water 77%.
Alimentation composition and oviposition attractant with the present embodiment breed aphidius gifuensis, and average every honeybee card obtains the plumage of 67%
Rate.
Second group: aphidius gifuensis nutrient formula is with first group
After using above-mentioned formula to make artificial aphid, spray following oviposition attractant on artificial aphid surface: K326 Nicotiana tabacum L.
Blade homogenate filtrate 15%, sucrose 10%, aminoacids complex 10%, nepetol 1%, Schizonepetin 1%, trans-beta-farnesene
1%, distilled water 62%.
Wherein the preparation method of K326 tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate, is to be taken off by the tobacco leaf growing to the 7-8 leaf phase
And shred, add equivalent distilled water, fully grind with refiner, then filter the filtrate obtained with 80 mesh filter screens.Implement with this
Aphidius gifuensis bred by alimentation composition and the oviposition attractant of example, and average every honeybee card obtains 80% eclosion rate.
The above results shows, the oviposition attractant of the present invention can make aphidius gifuensis more produce on artificial aphid
Ovum.
Further study show that, select the tobacco leaf of 7-8 leaf phase to carry out homogenate and filter the tobacco leaf made and be homogenized
Filtrate, its inducing effect is more preferable, and parasitic rate has statistics compared to the parasitic rate of the attractant not adding tobacco leaf filtrate
Learn the raising in meaning.
Embodiment 4: artificial breeding aphidius gifuensis
1) artificial aphid is prepared,
By preparation culture medium 0.2 agar hot water dissolve after, add 20g egg yolk, 20 skim milks, 10g sucrose,
1ml inorganic salt solution, 2ml Theravite, 10ml compositing acid solution, 0.1g methyl parahydroxybenzoate, mixing
After Jun Yun, add 30ml aphid homogenate；Make capsulating material with parafilm film after mix homogeneously, honeybee card machine is made straight
Footpath is the artificial aphid of 1.5-2.0mm size；
2) preparation lures aphidius gifuensis to carry out the attractant laid eggs in alimentation composition,
Take tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate 15ml, sucrose 10g, aminoacids complex 10g, nepetol 1g, Schizonepetin 1g,
Trans-beta-farnesene 1g, distilled water 62ml；Mix homogeneously makes attractant.
Tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate, is to select the tobacco leaf of 7-8 leaf phase to carry out homogenate filtration to make；Its a kind of system
Preparation Method, takes 15g blade, adds 50ml water and is ground, and obtains and filter liquid after lapping liquid filtered through gauze.
3) attractant made is sprayed onto on artificial aphid, artificial aphid is put into by artificial aphid temperature be 25 DEG C,
Relative humidity is in the Cultivation container of 50%～80%, is then placed in the one-tenth honeybee female, male of aphidius gifuensis, by every 40 artificial aphids
Connect 1 pair of aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male, and place the culture dish supplementary food as aphidius gifuensis adult of the hydromel filling 5%
Thing.Make to complete copulation, aphidius gifuensis queen bee to be laid eggs lays eggs on artificial aphid；Place into aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee 5 female, male
～after 6 days, artificial aphid is taken out, be placed in temperature be 20～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% environment in continue training
Support, until aphidius gifuensis is sprouted wings honeybee.Result shows, the feathering rate of the inventive method, about 80%, is entirely capable of meeting reality
The requirement produced.
Claims (10)
1. one kind uses the method that artificial aphid carries out aphidius gifuensis breeding, it is characterised in that described method is by artificial aphid
Worm put into temperature be 20～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% Cultivation container in, be then placed in the female, male of aphidius gifuensis
Become honeybee, make to complete copulation, queen bee to be laid eggs lays eggs on artificial aphid；Putting into aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male 5～6 days
After, artificial aphid is taken out, be placed in temperature be 20～25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50%～80% environment in continue to cultivate, directly
Sprout wings to aphidius gifuensis and honeybee；
Wherein the preparation method of artificial aphid be the agar hot water of preparation culture medium is dissolved after, add egg yolk, defat
Milk, sucrose, inorganic salt solution, Theravite, compositing acid solution, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, mix homogeneously
After, add aphid homogenate；Make capsulating material with parafilm film after mix homogeneously, honeybee card machine is made a diameter of 1.5-
The artificial aphid of 2.0mm size.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that aphid homogenate, egg yolk, defat in described artificial aphid
Milk, sucrose, inorganic salt solution, Theravite, compositing acid solution, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, the matter of agar
Amount percent concentration is as follows: aphid homogenate 30%, egg yolk 20%, skim milk 20%, sucrose 10%, inorganic salt solution
1%, Theravite 2%, compositing acid solution 10%, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.1%, agar 0.2%, surplus
For water.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described inorganic salt solution, is to include following quality volume
The aqueous solution of percent concentration component: 4.50mg/ml sodium chloride, 0.1mg/ml potassium chloride, 0.25mg/ml calcium chloride and
0.18mg/ml sodium bicarbonate.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described Theravite, comprises in every 100ml solution
Have a component of following mass concentration: 0.02mg thiamine, 180mg choline chloride, 0.02mg vitamin B12,0.08mg folic acid,
13mg inositol, 5mg nicotinic acid, 2.1mg calcium pantothenate, 0.3mg vitamin B6,1mg riboflavin.
5. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described compositing acid solution, comprises in every 100ml solution
There is a component of following mass concentration: 300mg alanine, 320mg arginine, 300mg aspartic acid, 800mg glutamic acid, 300mg
Histidine, 250mg isoleucine, 180mg leucine, 150mg methionine, 245mg phenylalanine, 300mg proline, 390mg
Serine, 250mg threonine, 130mg tryptophan, 150mg tyrosine, 350mg valine.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described aphid homogenate, its preparation method is by aphid
Join in above-mentioned inorganic salt solution, after being homogenized, then homogenate is crossed the filtrate obtained after 80 mesh filter screens.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described aphid is to be in the green bugs of each age, wheat length
Any one or several in pipe aphid, cigarette aphid.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface of described artificial aphid has been sprayed and lured aphidius gifuensis
In alimentation composition, carry out the attractant laid eggs, wherein include the component of following mass percent concentration:
Tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate 15%, sucrose 10%, aminoacids complex 10%, nepetol 1%, Schizonepetin 1%, trans-
β-farnesene 1%, distilled water 62%.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described tobacco leaf homogenate filtrate, is to select the 7-8 leaf phase
Tobacco leaf carries out what homogenate filtration was made.
10. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that every 40 artificial aphids connect 1 pair of aphidius gifuensis one-tenth honeybee female, male,
And place the supplements that culture dish is aphidius gifuensis adult of the hydromel filling 5%.
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