CN106163788A - 螺旋缠绕的非织造套筒及其构造方法 - Google Patents

螺旋缠绕的非织造套筒及其构造方法 Download PDF

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CN106163788A
CN106163788A CN201480073739.3A CN201480073739A CN106163788A CN 106163788 A CN106163788 A CN 106163788A CN 201480073739 A CN201480073739 A CN 201480073739A CN 106163788 A CN106163788 A CN 106163788A
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woven
tubulose
wall
sleeve
band
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CN106163788B (zh
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L·阿基诺
J·德拉克鲁兹
A·方
J·艾尔尼法
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Federal Mogul Powertrain LLC
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    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/76—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/581—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using sheets or strips consisting principally of plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1314—Contains fabric, fiber particle, or filament made of glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide, or metal carbide or other inorganic compound [e.g., fiber glass, mineral fiber, sand, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]

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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
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  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Details Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种非织造套筒及其构造方法，所述非织造套筒具有管状的非织造壁，界定了用于在其中容纳细长构件的内腔。管状非织造壁包括非织造材料条带，其围绕壁的中心纵轴螺旋缠绕，使条带的相对两边缘相互邻接形成螺旋对接接缝。非织造条带的相对两边缘穿过对接接缝通过条带的熔化材料粘合在一起。非织造条带以管状的形式沿其长度粘合，使非织造壁不会散开或不形成非织造材料条带的不牢固的端部部分。

Description

螺旋缠绕的非织造套筒及其构造方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求提交于2013年11月25日的美国临时申请序列No.61/908,535以及提交于2014年11月21日的美国实用申请序列No.14/550,621的权益，其全文通过引用并入本申请。
背景技术
1.技术领域
本发明大体涉及保护织物(textile)套筒，且更特别地涉及螺旋缠绕的非织造(nonwoven)保护套筒。
2.相关技术
已知采用非织造材料构造保护织物套筒，还已知螺旋缠绕非织造材料形成保护套筒。通常，通过螺旋缠绕非织造材料，一胶粘层(例如胶带)围绕非织造材料的外表面螺旋缠绕，保持非织造材料处于其缠绕的结构。不幸的是，尽管非织造材料通过覆盖胶粘层使在非织造材料的相对两端部之间延伸的中间区域通常维持为其缠绕的结构，但是端部区域容易出现至少部分散开，除了不雅观之外，还会使织物套筒的保护效果大打折扣。当在以粘合的方式将外部胶粘层缠绕在非织造材料上之后切掉螺旋缠绕的非织造材料的端部时，这种问题会尤其麻烦。除了端部可能会散开之外，需要额外的胶粘层保持下面的螺旋缠绕的非织造材料的位置也增加了构造工艺的成本，并最终增加了最终产品的成本。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，提供有一种用于保护其中的构件的非织造套筒。非织造套筒具有沿中心纵轴延伸的管状非织造壁。管状非织造壁包括非织造材料条带，其围绕中心纵轴螺旋缠绕，使条带的相对两边缘相互邻接形成螺旋对接接缝。条带的相对两边缘穿过对接接缝通过条带的熔化材料粘合在一起。这样，条带就以管状的形式沿其整个长度牢固地粘合，使非织造壁不具有或不形成非织造材料条带的不合需要的、不牢固的端部部分。
根据本发明的另一方面，非织造条带在螺旋对接接缝之间延伸的中间区域保持未熔化，且因此，未熔化材料的中间区域保持高度的柔韧性，用于在弯曲的路径上延伸。
根据本发明的另一方面，非织造套筒进一步包括反射外层。
根据本发明的另一方面，非织造套筒进一步包括在管状非织造壁和反射外层之间的中间薄布(scrim)层。
根据本发明的另一方面，反射外层和中间层围绕管状非织造壁螺旋缠绕。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供有一种构造非织造套筒的方法，所述非织造套筒具有沿中心纵轴延伸的管状非织造壁，用于为包含于其中的细长构件提供保护。所述方法包括围绕中心纵轴螺旋缠绕非织造材料条带，并使非织造条带的相对两边缘相互邻接形成螺旋延伸的对接接缝。所述方法进一步包括在螺旋缠绕非织造材料时加热非织造材料的相对边缘的至少其中一个以便熔化加热的边缘，然后利用非织造条带的熔化的材料将相对的边缘沿对接接缝粘合在一起。
根据本发明的另一方面，所述方法可进一步包括在形成对接接缝之前通过使待加热边缘经过加热的构件而仅加热相对边缘的其中一个，然后使加热的边缘的熔化材料与相对的未熔化的边缘邻接形成粘合的螺旋对接接缝。
根据本发明的另一方面，所述方法可进一步包括在形成粘合的对接接缝之后围绕管状非织造壁缠绕反射外层，其中所述反射层由于下面的粘合的对接接缝而形成圆柱形的光滑的外表面。
根据本发明的另一方面，所述方法可进一步包括在管状非织造壁和反射外层之间夹设中间薄布层。
根据本发明的另一方面，所述方法可进一步包括将中间层粘合至反射外层，以便首先形成层叠的条带，然后围绕螺旋缠绕的管状非织造壁螺旋缠绕所述层叠的条带。
附图说明
当结合以下优选实施例及最佳方式、所附权利要求和附图的具体说明考虑时，本发明的这些和其它方面、特征以及优势将变得更容易理解，其中：
图1为根据本发明的一个方面构造的一种非织造套筒的透视视图，用于为其中的构件提供保护；
图2为图1的套筒的截面图；
图3为侧视图，显示了非织造条带螺旋缠绕形成至少一部分根据本发明构造的套筒；以及
图4为工艺流程图，显示了用于构造根据本发明的套筒的一系列步骤。
具体实施方式
更具体地参照附图，图1所示为根据本发明的一个方面构造的一种保护用的、螺旋缠绕的、管状的非织造套筒，以下称为套筒10。套筒10具有管状的螺旋缠绕的非织造壁12，非织造壁12沿套筒10的中心纵轴14在相对的两端部16、18之间延伸。壁12采用非织造材料条带20形成，其中条带20围绕中心纵轴14螺旋缠绕经过多个周向延伸的螺旋圈，使条带20的相对边缘22、24相互齐平邻接，形成螺旋延伸的光滑的对接接缝26。相对边缘22、24沿螺旋对接接缝26并穿过(across)对接接缝26通过熔化的(也称为熔融的)非织造条带20的材料粘合在一起，这样就防止了螺旋缠绕壁12沿对接接缝26散开或者防止了条带20在套筒的端部16、18附近具有不牢固的、未粘合的端部。
非织造条带20采用任意合适的隔热非织造材料形成，所述隔热非织造材料包含(至少部分包含)加热可熔化或者熔融的材料，例如包含(至少部分包含)纤维状或粉状的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或者纤维状或粉状的聚丙烯(PP)，举例说明且不具有限制作用。条带20可设置为具有任意宽度，只要适于螺旋缠绕形成所需的套筒直径即可，例如在约1/2-3英寸之间，其中所述宽度由延伸穿过相对边缘22、24的距离限定。当条带20螺旋缠绕时，例如在成型心轴28上或者围绕成型心轴28，所述成型心轴28的外直径与最终套筒内腔31的用于容纳在其中要保护的细长构件29(例如线束或流体输送管道，举例说明且不具有限制作用)的直径相对应，条带边缘22、24的至少其中一个通过加热的构件30加热，且为了制造简便和经济性的原因，只有一个边缘24需要加热。加热的构件30可包括(举例说明且不具有限制作用)热线(hot wire)，通常为加热的扁平金属带的形式。应当认识到，加热的构件30施加合适程度的热量至相连的条带边缘22、24，使条带边缘22、24至少部分熔融。这样，非织造材料形成的条带20的边缘24，通过加热，使其至少部分熔化并保持至少部分熔融的状态，直到完全缠绕为其螺旋的结构，且因此，通过缠绕，熔化的边缘24在与相对的未加热、未熔化的边缘22邻接时用作胶粘剂。这样，当条带20在心轴28之上围绕轴14缠绕时，熔化的边缘24与相邻的边缘22齐平邻接，其中边缘24的至少部分熔化的、熔融的材料以与相邻的边缘22粘合的关系熔化在一起并固化。因此，粘合的螺旋对接接缝26通过冷却形成为熔接接缝，经由非织造条带20的熔化且随后冷却的材料形成，不需要辅助的粘合材料，将边缘22、24沿螺旋缠绕壁12的整个长度固定可靠地相互粘合。这样就防止了边缘22、24在沿接缝26的任意点处意外地相互分离，甚至是当对产生的管状壁12按一定长度切割时也是这样，例如在后续的定型操作中。进一步，在接缝26形成为对接接缝的情况下，应当认识到，壁12的外表面32形成为圆柱形的光滑面，从而免于形成任何凸起的边缘，例如通常在具有重叠的边缘的结构中形成的凸起的边缘。因此，在没有凸起的边缘的情况下，壁12就不会卡在相邻的物体上，例如在安装过程中或者使用时，且因此，边缘22、24就不会那么容易分离或撕裂，且进一步，在没有凸起的边缘的情况下，简化了在壁12的外表面32上选择性地应用额外的层，使将任意这种层粘合至外表面32更加牢固和可靠。
应当认识到，当加热待粘合的边缘22、24时，不论是边缘22、24的其中一个还是二者，在边缘22、24之间延伸的以及在螺旋延伸的、熔化的对接接缝26的相邻圈之间的非织造带20的中间区域34内的材料保持未加热，从而保持未熔化，这是因为其未暴露于使加热的边缘24熔化的加热的构件30的热量中。这样，通过缠绕，中间区域34保持其“正如生产的(asproduced)”柔性非织造物理特性，因为其未固化或者以其它方式硬化。因此，通过螺旋延伸的、未熔化的中间区域34增强了套筒10的柔韧性，从而使套筒10能够很容易地在弯曲的路径上延伸。又进一步，在中间区域34保持柔性的情况下，防止了在弯曲套筒10时撤销粘合的对接接缝26上的应力，因为弯曲可在整个或基本整个增强的挠曲中间区域34内出现，而不在粘合的且略微硬化的对接接缝26内出现。
通过形成螺旋缠绕的壁12，反射外层36可围绕壁12缠绕。反射外层36优选地设置为箔层，例如铝，其进而又优选地粘合至在内的中间层38。中间层38可设置为任意合适的耐热薄布材料，例如玻璃纤维的纺制结合层，或者例如不渗透板或抗刺穿膜层。反射外层36和中间层38优选地经由任意合适的耐热胶粘层相互粘合，在围绕非织造层12缠绕层叠层32之前形成层叠层40。设置为条带的层叠层40然后能够围绕壁12螺旋缠绕，类似于非织造条带20，就在同一个同轴工艺中形成壁12之后进行。层叠层32可经由任意合适的耐热胶粘层粘合至壁12的外表面32。
通过利用层叠层40缠绕壁12，在切割操作中形成套筒10的所需长度。通过切割套筒10的所需长度，端部16、18形成为具有精确切割，确保了壁12保持为管状，避免了不牢固的端部，如果不是在配合的、熔化的边缘22、24之间形成的粘合的对接接缝26，就可能产生这种情况。
根据以上所述对本发明作出许多修改和变型都是可能的，因此，应当理解，本发明可以不同于以上具体描述的方式实施，本发明的范围由最终授权的权利要求限定。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于保护其中的构件的非织造套筒，包括：
沿中心纵轴延伸的管状非织造壁，所述管状非织造壁采用非织造材料条带形成，所述非织造材料条带围绕所述中心纵轴螺旋缠绕经过多个周向延伸圈，使所述条带的相对边缘相互邻接形成螺旋对接接缝，所述相对边缘穿过所述对接接缝通过所述非织造材料条带的熔化材料粘合在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非织造套筒，其中，在所述螺旋对接接缝的相邻圈之间延伸的所述非织造材料未熔化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的非织造套筒，进一步包括反射外层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的非织造套筒，其中所述反射外层为箔。
5.根据权利要求3所述的非织造套筒，进一步包括在所述管状非织造壁和所述反射外层之间的中间层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的非织造套筒，其中所述中间层为玻璃纤维。
7.根据权利要求5所述的非织造套筒，其中所述反射外层和所述中间层围绕所述管状非织造壁缠绕。
8.根据权利要求7所述的非织造套筒，其中所述中间层通过胶粘层粘合至所述反射外层并粘合至所述管状非织造壁。
9.一种构造非织造套筒的方法，所述非织造套筒具有沿中心纵轴延伸的管状非织造壁，用于保护其中的构件，所述方法包括：
围绕中心纵轴螺旋缠绕非织造材料条带经过多个周向延伸圈，并使条带的相对边缘相互邻接形成对接接缝，并穿过对接接缝利用条带的熔化材料使相对边缘粘合在一起。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，进一步包括在使相对边缘相互邻接前沿相对边缘的至少其中一个熔化材料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括当沿相对边缘的至少其中一个熔化材料时避免熔化在螺旋对接接缝的相邻圈之间延伸的非织造材料条带的中间区域。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，进一步包括围绕管状非织造壁缠绕反射外层。
13.根据权利要求12所述的非织造套筒，进一步包括在管状非织造壁和反射外层之间夹设中间层。
14.根据权利要求13所述的非织造套筒，进一步包括将中间层粘合至反射外层形成层叠层，然后围绕管状非织造壁螺旋缠绕层叠层。
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