CN102317524A - 包括螺旋缠绕材料条带的工业织物 - Google Patents
包括螺旋缠绕材料条带的工业织物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102317524A CN102317524A CN2009801566165A CN200980156616A CN102317524A CN 102317524 A CN102317524 A CN 102317524A CN 2009801566165 A CN2009801566165 A CN 2009801566165A CN 200980156616 A CN200980156616 A CN 200980156616A CN 102317524 A CN102317524 A CN 102317524A
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Abstract
本发明披露了一种工业织物及其制造方法,工业织物例如用于制造非织造物的无端环状带或套环。通过螺旋缠绕聚合物材料条带例如工业带材或带状物材料,以及,使用超声波焊接或激光焊接技术将材料条带的相邻边缘连接起来,制成该工业织物。然后,可以使用适当的技术对织物进行穿孔,以使其可透过空气和/或水。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有以下专利申请的优先权:2009年9月29日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/246,812;2009年9月29日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/246,801;2009年1月27日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/147,637;以及,2008年12月12日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/121,998。
以引用的方式并入本文
针对本文中所有产品所提及的所有专利、专利申请、文档、引文、厂家使用说明、说明书、产品技术规格、以及产品图表,在此以引用的方式并入本文,并且可以在本发明的实践中采用。
背景技术
1.技术领域
本专利申请涉及无端环状织物,特别涉及用于制造非织造产品的工业织物。更特别的,本发明涉及在制造有图案或有标记的非织造产品中使用的支撑件,例如带或套环。此外,本发明可以用作在通过例如干法成网处理(airlaid)、熔喷处理、纺粘处理、以及水力缠结处理来制造非织造物时使用的带和/或套环。
2.现有技术描述
用于制造非织造产品的工艺已有多年。在一种工艺中,用水束流或者水射流来处理纤维毛层或纤维网,以促使纤维互相缠结并且改进纤维网的物理性能诸如强度。利用水射流进行处理的这种技术已有数十年,如从美国专利No.3,214,819、No.3,508,308、以及No.3,485,706所披露内容中可以了解到的技术。
概括而言,这种方法涉及利用高压水射流的作用使初级原纤互相交织,高压水射流类似于针刺作用在纤维结构体上,并且在厚度方向能使形成纤维网的部分纤维重新取向。
目前这种技术已经广泛开发,而且,不仅仅用于生产周知的“水刺(spunlaced)”或者“水力缠结(hydroentangled)”结构体,用于诸如尤其是医疗领域和医院应用的纺织品用途,用于擦拭、过滤、以及袋泡茶的包装,以及,所得到的物品可以是规则且均匀的,如从美国专利No.3,508,308的披露内容可以了解到的,而且,如有需要,所得到的物品包括由纤维重新取向所产生的图样设计,这对于审美目的是非常重要的,如从美国专利No.3,485,706的披露内容可以了解到的。
关于“水刺”或“水力缠结”类型的产品,已有相当长时间,可以通过制成材料混合物,例如,通过组合由不同类型纤维组成的多种纤维网,调整产品的最终性能,不同类型纤维例如天然纤维、人造或合成纤维、乃至其中将纤维与可以加入非织造结构体的增强材料预先进行混合的纤维网(“纺粘”式纤维网等)。
法国专利FR-A-2 730 246和2 734 285,分别对应于美国专利No.5,718,022和美国专利No.5,768,756,其描述了这样的解决方案,使得利用水射流法能够成功地处理疏水性纤维、或这些纤维与其他亲水性纤维的混合物、乃至完全由天然纤维组成的纤维网。
概括而言,根据这些文献的教导内容,此处理涉及:对由同类或不同类初级原纤组成的基底纤维网进行处理,压缩并且润湿这种基底纤维网,然后,利用至少一架作用在基底纤维网上的不间断高压水射流,使纤维错杂。
为此,使基底纤维网在运转中的无端环状多孔支撑件上正向行进,并将基底纤维网带到带孔转筒鼓的表面上,向带孔转筒鼓的内部施加局部真空。多孔支撑件与转鼓大体以相同速度前进,在多孔支撑件与转鼓之间机械方式压缩基底纤维网。紧接在压缩区域的下游,使水帘对准纤维网,并使其相继穿过多孔支撑件、经压缩的基底纤维网、以及其中用真空源去除过量水分的带孔支撑鼓。
仍旧在转筒鼓上,通过使经压缩并且浸湿的纤维网经受至少一架高压水射流的作用,使初级原纤连续错杂。一般而言,利用作用在纤维网相同面或者交替地作用于纤维网两面的多个相继设架的水射流,实现结合,架内的压力以及排出的水射流速度从一架到下一架有所不同,并且经常是递增的。
重要的是应当注意到,如从FR 2 734 285可以了解到的,带孔辊/鼓可以包括无规则分布的微孔。如有需要,在初始结合处理之后,可以对纤维非织造结构中的相反面施加二次处理。
在生产水刺或水力缠结非织造产品的工艺中,通常期望在成品上加入图案或标记,从而,在产品上产生期望的装饰设计。这种图案或标记通常由二次工序产生,这种二次工序使用压花或带图案的压延辊,独立于非织造物片的成型和卷起工序。这些辊通常造价昂贵,并且根据对纤维网特定区域进行压缩的规则而操作,以产生要求的图案或标记。然而,使用单独工序在非织造产品上产生图案或标记有几点不足。例如,要求很高的初期投资用于压延辊,这会限制生产商经济所允许的生产运转规模。其次,由于单独的图案形成或标记施加阶段,导致更高的加工成本。第三,成品将具有比要求材料含量更高的材料含量,以在压延步骤被压缩之后维持产品的厚度(caliper,thickness)。最后,由于在压延期间进行高压压缩,两阶段工序将导致成品松厚度降低。用这些周知的图案形成工艺制成的现有技术非织造产品不具备清晰、恰当形成的***部,因此难以看见期望的图案。另外,现有技术压花非织造产品的***部尺寸不稳定,因而,基于所应用领域,在一段时间之后受到压力时,非织造产品的***部会失去其三维结构。
美国专利No.5,098,764和No.5,244,711披露了在生产非织造纤维网或非织造产品的更新方法中使用支撑件。支撑件具有构形特征构造以及孔隙阵列。在这种工艺中,将初始纤维网放在构形支撑件上。载有纤维网的支撑件在高压流体(通常为水)的射流下通过。基于支撑件的构形构造,水射流促使纤维互相缠绕并且缠结且形成特定图案。
对于所得到非织造产品的结构来说,支撑件中构形特征和孔隙的图案是很关键的。另外,支撑件必须具有足够的结构整体性和强度,从而,在流体射流重新排列纤维并且使纤维在其新排列中缠结的同时,支撑件支撑纤维网,以提供稳定的织物。在流体射流的作用力下,支撑件不能有明显扭曲。此外,支撑件必须具有用于去除相对大量缠结流体的装置,以避免会影响有效缠结的纤维网“溢流(flooding)”。通常,支撑件包括的排水孔隙必须足够小,以维持纤维网的完整性,并且避免纤维穿过成形面的损失。另外,支撑件应当基本不存在毛边、钩刺等缺陷,这些缺陷会影响缠结纤维非织造物与支撑件的分离性能。同时,支撑件必须使得其上所加工纤维网的纤维在流体射流的作用下不会被冲走(即,良好的纤维保持和支撑性)。
在非织造物生产期间存在的主要问题之一是实现非织造物组成纤维的粘结,以便使非织造产品具备对应于所考虑应用的强度特性,同时,维持或赋予特定的物理特性,诸如松厚度、手感、外观等。
用于其预期目的时,松厚度、吸收性、强度、柔软性、以及审美外观这些性能对于许多产品而言确实很重要。为了制造具有这些特性的非织造产品,经常将支撑件构造成使纸幅接触表面呈现出构形变化。
应当理解的是,这些支撑件(织物、带、套环)可以采取无端环的形式,并且,以传送带的方式发挥作用。进一步应当理解的是,非织造生产是以相当快速度进行的连续加工。也就是说,在成形部中,将初级原纤或纤维网连续地沉积到成形织物/带上,同时刚制造出的缠结非织造织物连续地从支撑件运送到后续工序。
发明内容
针对上文所讨论现有技术专利/专利申请所解决的问题,本发明提供一种替代解决方案。
本发明提供一种改进的带或套环,作用为取代常规带或套环,并且,帮助赋予其上所生产非织造产品以期望的物理特性,诸如松厚度、外观、纹理、吸收性、强度、以及手感。
因此,本发明的主要目的是提供一种水刺或水力缠结支撑件,例如带或套环,其具有期望图案的通透空隙。
另一目的是提供一种可在一个表面或两个表面具有构形或纹理的带或套环,构形或纹理通过使用任意现有技术已知的方式制成,例如,砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻。通过本发明实现上述及其他目的和优点。本发明提供其他优点,例如但不限于,与现有技术织造织物相比改善了纤维支撑性和分离性(没有残留),以及,由于不存在纱线交叉结构会抓住初级原纤的问题,清洁起来更为容易。
如果带/套环具有表面纹理,那么可以将更有效的图案/纹理传递到非织造物,以及,还可以得到更佳的物理性能,诸如松厚度/吸收性。
本发明涉及无端环状支撑件例如带或套环,用于在水刺或水力缠结加工处理中支撑并运送天然纤维、人工或合成纤维。与压延技术相比,本发明的多孔结构体、带或套环表现出下述非限制性优点:织物套环相对成本较低,在固定设备方面不需要很大的投入;在其缠结过程中实现图案化,不需要单独的压延加工;在最终产品中可以获得较低的材料含量,这是因为厚度没有因压缩而降低;所制成的最终产品具有更高的松厚度,因为其没有在压延阶段受到压缩。对于非织造辊压产品制造者来说,这些加工处理的优势进一步得到如下终端产品优点:更低成本的水刺或水力缠结网,具有所需的图案、标记、或纹理;由于减小了特定产品制造行程的尺寸/长度,能够制造订制产品;能够生产具有更高性能的产品,例如,具有更高松厚度的产品赋予了更高吸收性的特征,这对于消费者的应用来说是非常有价值的。
在示例性实施例中,无端环状的带或套环由材料条带以边缘对边缘邻接的方式围绕两个辊进行螺旋缠绕而形成。通过适当的方式使条带彼此牢固连接,以针对特定用途以所需长度和宽度形成无端环。在套环的情况下,条带可以围绕单个辊或芯轴的表面进行缠绕,该辊或芯轴的直径尺寸和CD长度接近于待使用该套环的转鼓。所使用的材料条带一般制成为工业带材材料。带材特别是塑料带材材料通常解释为:用于将物品紧固或夹在一起的相对较薄塑料绑带。出乎意料的发现是,这种类型的塑料材料所具有的特性适合于形成本发明带或套环的材料条带。
(塑料)带材与单丝之间的定义差别涉及尺寸、形状和应用。带材和单丝都是通过挤出加工制成的,具有相同的基本步骤,即挤出步骤、单轴取向步骤和缠绕步骤。单丝通常尺寸小于带材,并且形状通常为圆的。单丝广泛应用于多种应用领域,例如渔线和工业织物,包括纸机织物。带材的尺寸通常远大于单丝,并且基本上总是沿主轴更宽,因此,形状为矩形以用于其所需目的。
在挤出技术领域周知的是,塑料带材通过挤出加工制成。同样周知的是,此加工包括挤出材料的单轴取向。同样周知的是,有两种使用单轴取向的基本挤出加工。一种加工是对较宽片材进行挤出和取向,将其切成单个带材。另一种加工是挤出取向的单个带材。第二种加工非常类似于制造单丝的加工,因为两种加工的设备类似。
使用带材材料优于单丝之处在于制造织物所需的螺旋缠绕次数。单丝通常被视为在其最大轴(axis)处不大于5mm的纱线。用于造纸机织物以及其他前述应用的单轴取向单丝尺寸很少在其最大轴处超过1.0mm。使用的带材材料通常宽度最少为10mm,有时宽度可超过100mm。可以预见的是,也可以使用宽度高达1000mm的带材。可使用带材材料的供应商包括例如Signode公司。
另一优点是厚度与拉伸模量的关系。例如,现有技术中的聚酯(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,PET)膜在长轴(或MD机器方向)的拉伸模量为约3.5GPa。PET带材(或带状物)材料的拉伸模量在10GPa至12.5GPa范围。为了用膜获得相同的模量,结构体需要更厚而使厚度达到3至3.6倍。
因此,根据一个示例性实施例,本发明的织物、带或套环用这些螺旋缠绕带状物形成为单层或多层结构体。织物、带或套环可具有平坦、光滑的顶面和底面。还可以使用本领域已知的任意方式,例如砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻,使带或套环具有某种形式的纹理。带或套环可以是对空气和/或水不可透过。还可以使用机械方式或热加工(激光)方式对带或套环进行穿孔,使其可以透过空气和/或水。
在另一示例性实施例中,带状物形成为具有互锁形状。带或套环通过这些互锁条带螺旋缠绕而形成,以及,相比于相邻带状物条带的边缘仅平行以及/或者垂直相邻接的情况,这样的带或套环会具有更高的整体性。这种带或套环也可不透过空气和/或水,或者对其进行穿孔以使其可透过空气和/或水。
虽然前述实施例为螺旋缠绕带状物的单层条带,更佳的是,使用具有多种几何形状的条带来形成具有两层或更多层的带或套环。因此,根据一个示例性实施例,带或套环可具有两层或更多层,其中,条带可以形成为两层或更多层机械方式互锁,或者通过本领域技术人员已知的其他方式连接到一起。同样,结构体可以不透过空气和/或水,或者可进行穿孔以使其可透过空气和/或水。
另一示例性实施例为使用“焊接条带”概念形成的多层结构体,该“焊接条带”用于进一步改善带或套环的整体性。该结构体可以不透过空气和/或水,或者可进行穿孔以使其可透过空气和/或水。
构成本发明特点的多个新颖的特征特别列于所附权利要求中,该权利要求构成本文披露内容的一部分。为了更好地理解本发明、其操作优点以及使用本发明所获得的具体目的,参照下文进行的具体说明,其中在附图中例示了本发明的优选但非限制性实施例,附图中,对应的部件用相同的附图标号表示。
虽然使用术语织物和织物结构体,但在描述本发明结构体时,织物、带、传送带、套环、支撑件、以及织物结构体可以互换使用。类似的,在本文说明中,术语带材、带状物、材料条带(strip of material,material strips)可互换使用。
本文中术语“包含的”和“包含”可以指“包括的”、“包括”,或者可以具有美国专利法中通常赋予术语“包含的”或“包含”的含义。如果在权利要求中使用,术语“主要由......构成的”或“主要由......构成”具有它们归于美国专利法中的含义。下文描述本发明的其他方面,或者,通过下文描述,本发明的其他方面(在本发明的范围内)将更为明了。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,附图并入说明书中,并且构成说明书的一部分。本文给出的附图图示本发明的不同实施例,并与说明书一起来说明本发明的原理。附图中:
图1为根据本发明一个方面的织物、带或套环的轴测图;
图2示出可以构造出本发明织物、带或套环的方法;
图3(a)至图3(i)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图4(a)至图4(d)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图5(a)至图5(c)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图6(a)至图6(d)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图7(a)至图7(d)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图8(a)至图8(c)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例;
图9为图表,示出使用单轴取向材料(带材/带状物)优于双轴取向材料(膜)和挤出材料(成型部分)的优点;
图10(a)至图10(d)示出可以构造出本发明织物、带或套环的方法所包括的步骤;
图11(a)和图11(b)为示意图,示出可用于形成根据本发明一个方面织物、带或套环的装置;
图12为示意图,示出可用于形成根据本发明一个方面织物、带或套环的装置;
图13为根据本发明一个方面的织物、带或套环的剖视图;
图14为示意图,示出用于制造根据本发明一个方面织物、带或套环的装置;以及
图15和图16为示意图,示出使用本发明支撑件制造非织造网的不同类型装置。
具体实施方式
下面,参照示出本发明优选实施例的附图,对本发明进行更全面的描述。然而,本发明可以实施为多种不同形式,而不应当推断为仅仅局限于本文所给出的实施例。此外,提供这些例示实施例是为了使本文披露清楚完整,以及,能够使本领域技术人员完全了解本发明的范围。
本发明提供了一种诸如无端环状带的连续支撑件,适合于在例如图15所示的装置中使用。非织造支撑件起到代替常规织造支撑件的作用,并且赋予其上所生产非织造产品以期望的纹理、手感、和松厚度。本发明的支撑件可以减少制造非织造物的制造时间及成本。
图15图示了使用根据本发明的支撑件用于连续生产非织造织物的装置。图15所示装置包括实际上作为根据本发明构形支撑件的传送带80。带围绕一对分开的辊在例如逆时针方向连续地移动,如本领域所周知。布置在带80上方的是流体喷射歧管79,流体喷射歧管79连接多个管嘴(orifice)排或管嘴组81。各组具有一行或多行极细直径的管嘴,各管嘴直径为大约0.007英寸,每英寸有30个这种管嘴。在预定压力下向管嘴组81供水,并且使水以极细、大致圆柱状、非发散的水束流或者水射流的形式从管嘴喷出。歧管装有压力计88和控制阀87,用于调节各管嘴排或管嘴组的流体压力。布置在各管嘴排或管嘴组下方的是吸水箱82,用于除去过量水分,并且保持该区域免于过度溢流。将要形成为非织造产品的纤维网83送至本发明的构形支撑件传送带。通过适当喷嘴84将水喷洒到纤维网上,以使进入的纤维网83预湿,并且,在纤维经过流体喷射歧管下方时,帮助控制纤维。吸水狭缝85布置在此喷嘴下方以除去过量水分。纤维网沿逆时针方向在流体喷射歧管下经过。任意指定管嘴组81的操作压力可以独立于任意其他管嘴组81的操作压力进行设定。然而,通常最接近喷嘴84的管嘴组81以相对较低的压力例如100psi进行操作。这有助于将进入的纤维网置于支撑件表面。随着纤维网在图15的逆时针方向经过,通常使管嘴组81的操作压力增大。无需使各后继管嘴组81以高于其顺时针方向相邻管嘴组的压力操作。例如,两个或更多个相邻的管嘴组81可以以相同压力操作,其后的下一(逆时针方向)后继管嘴组81可以以不同压力操作。最通常的情况下,取下纤维网的传送带末端处的操作压力高于纤维网初始送入传送带处的操作压力。尽管图15中示出六个管嘴组81,这一数量并非关键因素,而是取决于纤维网重量、速度、所使用的压力、各组中孔的行数等等。在通过了流体喷射歧管与抽吸歧管之间之后,使刚形成的非织造织物在附加的吸水狭缝86上方经过,以去除过量水分。从管嘴组81的底面到纤维网83的顶面之间的距离通常在约0.5英寸至约2.0英寸的范围;优选为大约0.75英寸至大约1.0英寸的范围。显然,纤维网不能与歧管间隔太近而使得纤维网与歧管接触。另一方面,如果管嘴的底面与纤维网的顶面之间的距离太大,液流将损失能量,因而加工效率降低。
图16示意性示出另一使用本发明支撑件来生产非织造织物的优选装置。在这种装置中,构形支撑件是可转动的鼓套91。鼓套91下方的转鼓在逆时针方向转动。鼓套91的外表面包括期望的构形支撑构造。围绕转鼓的一部分外周布置有歧管89,歧管89连接多个管嘴条92,管嘴条92用于向布置于曲板外表面的纤维网93施加水或其他流体。各管嘴条可以包括一行或多行本文前面提及类型的极细直径孔或孔隙。通常,孔隙的标称直径为例如大约0.005英寸至0.01英寸。显然,为了适应于需要,可以采用其他尺寸、形状及取向。同样,根据需要,每英寸可以有例如多达50个或60个孔或者更多。引导水或其他流体通过管嘴行。一般而言,如上所述,各管嘴组的压力通常从第一组(纤维网从其下方通过)到最后一组增大。压力由适当的控制阀97进行控制,并且由压力计98进行监测。转鼓与水槽94相连接,在水槽94上可以抽吸真空,以帮助除去水分并且保持该区域免于溢流。在操作中,在喷水歧管89之前,将纤维网93置于构形支撑件的顶面上,如图16所示。纤维网经过管嘴条的下方,并且形成为非织造产品。然后,所形成的非织造物经过该装置95的区段95,此区段处没有管嘴条,但持续施加真空。将脱水之后的织物从转鼓上取下,并且使其行进绕过一系列干燥箱96,以使织物干燥。
下面说明支撑件、带或套环的结构,支撑件可以具有通透空隙的图案。在多种特征之中,通透空隙可以包括这样的几何特征,在例如支撑件、带或套环上生产非织造产品或网时,该几何特征使非织造产品或网具有改善的构形和松厚度。本发明支撑件的其他优点包括:容易使纤维网从支撑件分离,改善的抗污染性能,以及减低的纤维残留。另一优点在于本发明支撑件避免了常规织机带来的限制及要求,这是由于通透空隙可以置于任何期望部位或图案中。支撑件还可在一个表面或两个表面具有纹理,纹理通过使用任意现有技术已知方式制成,例如,砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻。
应当理解,术语“通透空隙(through void)”是“透孔(throughhole)”的同义语,并且表示完全穿透支撑件如带或套环的任何开口。这里所指的支撑件包括但并不局限于在非织造物生产过程中具体使用的工业织物,诸如带或传送带、以及套环或筒状带。如前文所述,虽然使用术语织物和织物结构体来描述优选实施例,织物、带、传送带、套环、支撑件、以及织物结构体可以互换使用来描述本发明的结构体。
图1是本发明工业织物、带、或套环10的轴测图。织物、带、或套环10具有内表面12和外表面14,并通过将聚合物材料条带16螺旋缠绕成多个相抵接并相互连接的环圈而形成,聚合物材料条带16例如是工业带材材料。以构造出织物、带或套环10的螺旋方式,围绕织物、带或套环10的长度,材料条带16在大致纵向进行螺旋。
图2示出可以制造织物、带或套环10的示例性方法。装置20包括第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24,各加工辊可围绕其纵向轴线转动。第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24彼此平行,并间隔开一定距离,该距离确定所制造织物、带或套环10在纵向环绕测出的总体长度。在第一加工辊22侧,设置有供给卷轴(图中未示出),该供给卷轴安装为可围绕轴线转动,并可移置方式与加工辊22和24平行布置。供给卷轴容纳宽度例如为10mm或更大的材料条带16卷绕供给物。例如,供给卷轴首先位于例如第一加工辊12的左手端,然后以预定速度连续移置到右侧或其他侧。
开始制造织物、带或套环10时,聚合物材料条带16的起始端以拉紧状态从第一加工辊22朝第二加工辊24延伸,绕过第二加工辊24,然后回到第一加工辊22,形成第一圈闭合螺旋26。为了封闭第一圈闭合螺旋26,将材料条带16的起始端在点28处连接至其第一圈的端部。如下文所述,螺旋缠绕材料条带16的相邻环圈通过机械和/或粘合剂方式彼此连接。
因此,通过使第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24在图2箭头所示的共同方向旋转,同时将材料条带16送入第一加工辊22,制成后续圈闭合螺旋26。同时,通过例如机械和/或粘合剂或其他适于制造附加圈闭合螺旋26的方式,将新缠绕在第一加工辊22上的材料条带16连续地连接至已置于第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24上的材料条带。
持续进行此加工,直至闭合螺旋26沿第一加工辊22或第二加工辊24在轴向测量具有所需宽度。此时,切去尚未缠绕至第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24上的材料条带16,并将所制成的闭合螺旋26从第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24取下,以提供本发明的织物、带或套环10。
虽然本文描述了两个辊的配置,但本领域普通技术人员容易理解,可以围绕单辊或芯轴的表面缠绕条带,以形成本发明的织物、带或套环。可以基于待制造织物、带或套环的所需尺寸,选择辊或芯轴的适宜尺寸。
对于制造具有不同纵向尺寸和横向尺寸的非织造物和/或工业织物或带或套环来说,本发明用于制造织物、带或套环10的方法非常通用且适宜。也就是说,通过采用本发明,制造者无需再为给定的非织造物加工机制造具有适宜长度和宽度的织造织物。取而代之的是,制造者只需以适宜间隔将第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24分隔开,以确定织物、带或套环10的适宜长度,并且将材料条带16缠绕在第一加工辊22和第二加工辊24上,直至闭合螺旋26达到大致所需宽度即可。
此外,由于织物、带或套环10不是织造织物,而是通过聚合物材料条带16螺旋缠绕制成,织物、带或套环10的外表面12可以为平滑且连续的,并且不存在使织造织物不具备完全平滑表面的结节。然而,本发明的织物、带或套环具有为其上所加工非织造产品提供增强的构形和松厚度的几何特征。本发明支撑件的其他优点包括:容易使纤维网分离,改善的抗污染性能,以及减低的纤维残留。另一优点在于本发明支撑件避免了常规织机带来的限制及要求,这是由于通透空隙可以置于任何期望部位或图案中。织物、带或套环还可在一个表面或两个表面具有纹理,纹理通过使用任意现有技术已知方式制成,例如,砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻。可选择的,织物、带或套环可在一个表面或两个表面为平滑的。
图3(a)至图3(i)为在宽度方向所取的剖视图,示出用于制造本发明织物、带或套环的几种材料条带实施例。各实施例包括的上表面和下表面可以为平坦的(平面状)且彼此平行,或者,可以具有适用于特定应用的某种外形。参照图3(a),根据本发明的一个实施例,材料条带16具有上表面15、下表面17、第一平面状侧面18和第二平面状侧面19。上表面15和下表面17可以为平坦的(平面状)且彼此平行,以及,第一平面状侧面18和第二平面状侧面19可以在平行的方向倾斜,使得各螺旋缠绕材料条带16的第一平面状侧面18紧密抵靠条带紧邻环圈的第二平面状侧面19。通过例如粘合剂(例如可为热敏粘合剂、室温固化(RTC)粘合剂或热熔粘合剂)或其他适合的方式,将材料条带16的各环圈与相邻环圈各自的第一平面状侧面18和第二平面状侧面19彼此结合,从而使各环圈与相邻环圈相结合。
在图3(b)中,材料条带16的横截面结构可允许机械互锁,以将相邻材料条带16结合成螺旋方式形成的织物、带或套环。相邻的材料条带16可以具有相同或不同的尺寸和/或外形,但各自具有锁定部位,如图3(b)所示。机械互锁结构的其他实施例示于图3(c)至图3(g)中,其中示出单个材料条带16的横截面。在各情况下,材料条带16的一个侧面可以设计成与相邻材料条带16的另一侧面机械互锁或相连。例如,参见图3(g)所示出的实施例,材料条带16可以具有上表面42、下表面44、位于一个侧面上的舌状物46、以及位于另一侧面上的对应沟槽48。舌状物46可以具有对应于沟槽48尺寸的尺寸,从而,条带16的各螺旋缠绕环圈上的舌状物46配合进条带紧邻环圈的沟槽48中。通过将舌状物46固定于沟槽48中,将材料条带16的各环圈连接至其相邻环圈。基于应用,上表面42和下表面44可以为平坦的(平面状)且彼此平行,或者为非平面状且不平行的,或者,甚至可以在其宽度方向上为凸出或凹入的圆形,如图3(f)所示。类似地,条带的各侧面可以形成为具有相同曲率半径的圆柱状凸起或凹部。
图3(h)示出本发明另一实施例。
除了上述使挤出的材料条带具有相对的半球形或外形之外,可以挤出多种其他形状或者将矩形挤出物加工成多种其他形状,以具有带横栏(rails)的配对边缘,这会便于通过机械和/或粘合剂的方式进行结合。图3(i)示出根据本发明一个示例性实施例的一个这种结构。可选择的,材料条带可不需要配对或结合到一起的左侧面和右侧面。例如,如图4(a)所示,材料条带16的横截面可以在其上表面或顶侧面具有互锁沟槽,或者,材料条带16可以在其下表面或底侧面具有互锁沟槽,如图4(b)所示。
以举例的方式,图4(c)示出定位以进行互锁的图4(a)和图4(b)所示材料条带。例如,图4(c)中的箭头指示各材料条带16将要移动的方向,以与沟槽相接合并使两个条带互锁。图4(d)示出彼此互锁或结合之后的两个材料条带16。虽然示例性实施例中仅示出两个配对的材料条带,应了解的是,成品织物、带或套环由数个互锁到一起的材料条带形成。显然,如果在螺旋缠绕加工中使材料条带互锁,可以形成无端环形式的材料片。还应了解的是,虽然示出机械互锁方式,但也可以通过例如热粘合的方式改善互锁的强度,特别是通过例如已知为“Clearweld”的商业化工艺的选择性粘合技术(参见www.clearweld.com)。
图5(a)示出在其顶面侧和底面侧都具有沟槽的材料条带16的剖视图。图5(b)示出具有图5(a)所示横截面形状的两个材料条带16如何互锁。互锁结构得到位于终端产品的顶面和底面上的沟槽。
参见图5(c)所示实施例,图5(c)示出图5(a)和图4(b)中所示两种材料条带16的互锁。这样所得到的片材在底面上具有沟槽,并具有平坦的顶面。类似地,也可以将结构体形成为在顶面具有沟槽,并具有平坦的底面。
另一示例性实施例是由具有把手状互锁或“主动(positive)”锁定的材料条带16所形成的织物、带或套环,这种锁定方式因其机械设计而形成更牢固的互锁。这样的设计采用“主动”互锁的理念,即,销件以及用于此销件的收纳件具有机械阻碍,这需要相当大的力来使带状物结合到一起或使其彼此分离。例如,图6(a)示出单个带状材料条带16中的把手状互锁结构特征。图6(b)示出,在设计用于与图6(a)所示结构体互锁的相对构造中,单个带状材料条带16的把手状互锁特征。图6(c)示出定位用于互锁的图6(a)和图6(b)所示单个带状材料条带。这里应了解的是,顶部带状物和底部带状物的错开位置是为了容纳另一具有相对构造的材料条带16。最后,图6(d)示出这些相同条带压配合到一起以形成互锁结构的状态。可以将数个类似于这种结构的带状材料条带互锁到一起,以形成成品织物、带或套环。
另一示例性实施例为由在其顶面侧和底面侧都具有沟槽的材料条带16所形成的织物、带或套环,例如,如图7(a)所示。这两种带状材料条带16设计成结合到一起以形成主动互锁,如图7(b)所示。应了解的是,顶面和底面在各自的表面上都具有保持沟槽。同样,参见图7(a)和图7(b),本领域普通技术人员容易理解,可以将三个条带组合以形成三层结构体,或者,如果仅使用两个条带,顶侧条带中的沟槽可以在顶面侧与底面侧具有不同的沟槽外形。类似的,底侧条带中的沟槽可以在任一侧具有相同或不同的沟槽外形。如前文所述,虽然本文所描述实施例用于单层螺旋缠绕带状物或条带,有利的是,使用具有不同构形的条带形成具有两层或更多层的带。因此,根据一个示例性实施例,带可以具有两层或更多层,其中,条带可形成为使得两层或更多层机械互锁。各层可以螺旋缠绕于相反方向,或者,在MD方向具有一定角度,以提供附加的强度。
举例来说,图7(c)示出的互锁结构具有带沟槽底面和平坦顶面,而图7(d)示出的互锁结构具有平坦底面和带沟槽顶面。
本领域普通技术人员容易理解,可以采用多种形状来形成上述主动互锁。例如,前述几个实施例集中于圆形的把手状突起和圆形的收纳件。然而,也可以使用其他形状例如梯形来实现相同的效果。具有这种形状的主动互锁实施例示出于图8(a)。可选择地,可以混合多种形状来实现主动互锁。混合形状的实施例示出于图8(b)和图8(c)。
如上述实施例所述,以这种方式在相邻材料条带之间形成机械互锁,使制造螺旋缠绕基底织物或结构体更为容易,因为如果不提供这种锁定,在螺旋缠绕织物制造过程中相邻的材料条带可能会发生偏离以及分离。通过相邻螺旋的机械互锁,可以防止相邻螺旋之间发生偏离和分离。另外,由于还可以在织物的机械互锁区域中形成热熔接,连接强度无需仅依赖于机械互锁的强度。根据本发明的一个实施例,这可以通过下述方式实现:在将凸状部件/凹状部件锁定到一起之前,放置近红外、或红外、或激光吸收染料,然后使机械互锁部位暴露于近红外或红外光源或激光源,导致机械互锁部位发生热熔接,而无需使机械互锁区域之外的材料发生熔融。
上述实施例所描述的材料条带可以用本领域普通技术人员已知的任何聚合物树脂材料挤出而成,例如,聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚醚醚酮树脂等。由于工业带材为单轴取向,即,其拉伸模量为双轴取向材料(膜)的至少两倍,并可高达挤出材料(成型件)模量的十倍,工业带材通常用作基底材料,然而,也可以使用其他适合的材料。也就是说,单轴取向材料得到的结构体所需厚度小于双轴取向材料(膜)的一半厚度,并小于挤出材料(成型件)厚度的十分之一。此特征示于图9中,其中所示结果用于设计一部分,该部分设计针对固定的宽度以及特定的力和应变。此设计问题中所用的等式为应力与应变之间的关系,如下式所示:
在此图表中,力(或载荷)连同宽度和应变保持恒定。该等式示出,所需厚度与材料模量成反比。此等式表示关于尺寸稳定性设计非织造物制造机织物的问题,即,载荷已知,最大应变已知,并且机器宽度固定。结果表示为所需部分基于所采用材料模量的最终厚度。显然,诸如带材或带状物的单轴材料明显优于膜及成型聚合物,如图9所示。然而,本发明的支撑件、带或套环并不局限于单轴或双轴取向的带材,因为在实践本发明时可以使用上述取向中的任一种或两种都采用。
带材通常提供成具有连续长度,且产品具有矩形横截面。带材为坚韧的、通用的、通常已经过处理的聚酯条带,具有优异的操作处理特性,这使其适合用于许多工业应用。如前文所述,其具有优异的机械强度和尺寸稳定性,并且在常规条件下不会随时间而变脆。带材对湿气和大部分化学品具有很好的耐受性,并且可以承受-70℃至150℃或更高的温度。可用在本发明中的带材材料典型横截面尺寸为,例如,厚度为0.30mm(或更大),以及,宽度为10mm(或更大)。在带材可为螺旋缠绕时,带材中不具有任何互锁装置(用于保持到一起)的相邻绕圈会需要进行焊接或其他方式进行连接。在这种情况下,可以使用激光焊接或超声波焊接,以将相邻的带状物或材料条带固定或焊接到一起,从而改善机器横向(“CD”)性能,例如强度,以及减低相邻材料条带发生分离的风险。
虽然发现单轴带材具有最大的MD模量,模量之外的其他性能也很重要。例如,如果MD模量对于带材材料来说过高,则成品结构体的抗裂性和抗挠曲疲劳性可能会不可接受。可替换的,成品结构体的CD性能也很重要。例如,当涉及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)材料和具有相同厚度的材料条带时,未取向的条带具有典型的大约3GPa的MD模量以及大约50MPa的强度。另一方面,双轴取向的条带可具有大约4.7GPa的MD模量以及大约170MPa的强度。已经发现,通过对单轴条带的加工处理进行更改,使得MD模量可以在6GPa至10GPa之间,以及,强度可以等于或大于250MPa,这样可以得到CD强度接近于大约100MPa的条带。此外,这种材料会更不易破碎(断裂),即,当反复挠曲时不会破裂(开裂),以及,在将条带连接到一起时这种材料的加工处理更佳。在制造机上进行预期应用时,条带之间的结合仍然能够抗分离。
根据本发明的一个实施例,一种将相邻条带保持到一起的方法是,通过超声波方式将相邻条带的边缘与边缘相焊接,同时,提供向侧面的压力,以将边缘保持为彼此接触。例如,焊接装置的一部分可以将一个条带(优选为已经缠绕成螺旋的条带)保持为朝下抵靠支撑辊,同时,装置的另一部分将另一条带(优选为未卷绕的条带)向上推抵至该保持为向下的条带。例如,此种边缘对边缘的焊接例示于图11(a)中。
采用超声波断续焊接(ultrasonic gap welding)得到特别牢固的结合。相反,以时间模式或能量模式进行的超声波焊接(其也为常规的超声波焊接)所得到的结合可以描述为脆的(易开裂的)。因此,可以得到这样的结论,通过超声波断续焊接所形成的结合优于通过常规超声波焊接所形成的结合。
根据本发明一个实施例,另一种将相邻条带保持到一起的示例性方法是将粘合剂30施加于相邻条带16、16的端部34、36并将其连接到一起,如图10(a)至图10(d)所示。应了解的是,可以使用填充材料32来填充条带没有彼此接触的间隙或部位。
根据本发明一个实施例,另一种将相邻材料条带或功能性条带保持到一起的方法是,使用由与材料条带相同的基底材料所组成的“焊接条带”。例如,这种焊接条带示出于图11(b)中,作为出现在材料条带上方和下方的薄材料。在这种布置中,焊接条带为待焊接材料条带提供了一种材料,使得所组成的结构体不依赖于图11(a)所示出的边缘对边缘焊接。使用焊接条带的方法,可以得到边缘对边缘的焊接;然而,这并不是必需的,也不是优选的。使用焊接条带的方法,可以形成“夹层式”或叠置式结构体,材料条带的水平表面与焊接条带的水平表面相焊接,如图11(b)所示。应了解的是,焊接条带无需既位于材料条带上方也位于材料条带下方,焊接条带可以仅位于材料条带的上方或仅位于其下方。根据一个方面,焊接条带还可以为夹层式结构体的中间部分,此时材料条带位于焊接条带的上方和/或下方。另外,焊接条带示出为比材料条带薄,以及,示出为具有与材料条带相同的宽度,这仅为例示说明之用。焊接条带可以适当地窄于或宽于材料条带,以及,其所具有的厚度可以与材料条带的相同或者甚至于更厚。焊接条带还可以为另一片材料条带,而不是仅为焊接条带的目的而制成的特殊材料。焊接条带还可以在其表面之一上施加有粘合剂,以辅助将焊接条带保持就位进行焊接操作。然而,如果使用这样的粘合剂,优选将粘合剂局部施加于焊接条带而不是整个表面,因为,在进行超声波焊接或激光焊接时,局部施加可以促进相似材料(例如,聚酯与聚酯)的材料条带与焊接条带之间牢固焊接。
如果焊接条带由非取向的挤出聚合物制成,则优选的是,焊接条带比材料条带薄很多,因为未取向(非取向)的挤出焊接条带保持成品结构体尺寸稳定性的能力较差,如前文所述。然而,如果焊接条带由经过取向的聚合物制成,优选的是,与材料条带相结合的焊接条带尽可能薄。如前文所述,焊接条带可以为另一片材料条带。然而,在这种情况下,优选的是,对各个材料的厚度进行选择,使得夹层体或叠置体的总厚度可以最小化。同样如前文所述,焊接条带可以涂覆有粘合剂,以用于在进一步加工处理中将结构体保持到一起。根据一个方面,具有粘合剂的焊接条带可以用于例如生产出直接进入穿孔步骤(可以为激光钻孔)的结构体而不用进行超声波结合”,使得激光钻孔或激光穿孔产生可以将夹层结构体保持到一起的点焊接。
根据本发明的一个实施例,另一种将相邻材料条带保持到一起的方式是,使用激光焊接技术焊接相邻的条带。
图14示出根据本发明一个方面可用于激光焊接加工中的示例装置320。在此加工处理中,图14所示出的织物、带或套环322应理解为成品织物、带或套环整个长度的相对较短部分。虽然织物、带或套环322可以为无端环状,最可实践的方式是将其围绕一对辊进行安装,虽然图中没有示出,但是对于本领域普通技术人员来说此为已知的。在这种布置中,装置320可以在两个辊之间放置于织物322的两个表面之一上,最方便的是放置于顶面上。无论是否为无端环状,织物322可优选在加工处理过程中以适当程度的张紧状态进行放置。此外,为了防止下垂,随着织物322移动穿过装置320,可从下方用水平支撑件对织物进行支撑。
现在更具体地参照图14,其中,在实践本发明方法时,织物322示出为在向上的方向移动穿过装置320。在焊接加工处理中使用的激光头可以在CD或宽度“X”方向横向越过织物,同时织物可以在MD或“Y”方向移动。还可以构建这样的***,其中织物相对于机械方式固定的激光焊接头进行三维移动。
激光焊接优于超声波焊接之处在于,激光焊接可以以100米每分钟范围内的速度进行,而超声波焊接最高速度为约10米每分钟。向条带的边缘添加光吸收染料或油墨吸收剂,还可以辅助汇集激光的热效应。吸收剂可以为黑色油墨或者肉眼不可见的近红外染料,例如“Clearweld”使用的那些吸收剂(参见www.clearweld.com)。
一旦制成成品织物、带或套环以及织物、带或套环中的相邻条带以某种方式焊接或连接,可以通过例如激光钻孔的方式,设置允许流体(空气和/或水)从织物一侧行进至织物另一侧的孔或穿孔。应了解的是,这些允许流体从织物一侧行进至织物另一侧的透孔或穿孔可以在螺旋缠绕和连接加工之前制成,亦可以在之后制成。可以通过激光钻孔或其他适宜的孔/穿孔制造工艺制成这种孔或穿孔,并且,基于所需应用,这种孔或穿孔可以具有任何尺寸、形状、形式和/或图案。图13为在本发明织物80的横向或机器横向所取的剖视图,其示出一示例性实施例,沿材料条带82的整个长度设置多个孔84用于通过空气和/或水。
如前文所述,本发明的织物可用作在干法成网加工、熔喷加工、纺粘加工、或水力缠结加工中使用的处理带或套环。在材料条带所形成基材的上方或下方,本发明的织物、带或套环可包括一个或多个附加层,仅用于提供功能性而不是用于增强。例如,可以在带或套环的背面侧叠置MD纱线阵列,以产生空隙空间。或者,可以在两层带材之间设置一个或多个层。使用的附加层可以为以下材料的任一种:织造材料或非织造材料,MD纱线阵列或CD纱线阵列,宽度小于织物宽度的织造材料螺旋缠绕条带,纤维网,膜,或其组合,并且,可以使用本领域普通技术人员已知的任何适当技术将附加层连接于基材。针刺技术、热粘合以及化学粘合仅为几种示例。本发明的织物、带或套环还可以在任意侧具有涂层,用于功能性。本发明织物、带或套环的纹理可以在施加功能性涂层之前或之后形成。如前文所述,织物、带或套环的纹理可以使用任何本领域已知的方式形成,例如砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻。
尽管本文详细描述了本发明的优选实施例及其修改,但应当理解,本发明并不局限于这些确切的实施例和修改,在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下,本领域技术人员可以容易地对上述实施方案进行多种修改和改进。本发明的精神和范围由所附权利要求限定。
Claims (32)
1.一种带或套环,用于制造非织造物,所述带或套环包括:
一个或多个螺旋缠绕的聚合物材料条带,其中,所述一个或多个聚合物材料条带为工业带材或带状物材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环用于干法成网处理、熔喷处理、纺粘处理、或水力缠结处理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述工业带材或带状物材料具有等于或大于0.30mm的厚度,以及,等于或大于10mm的宽度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环对空气和/或水可透过或不可透过。
5.根据权利要求4所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环可透过空气和/或水,以及,使用机械方式或热加工方式在所述带或套环中制造通透空隙或孔。
6.根据权利要求5所述的带或套环,其中,所述通透空隙或孔形成为预定尺寸、形状或取向。
7.根据权利要求6所述的带或套环,其中,所述通透空隙或孔具有在0.005英寸至0.01英寸范围内的标称直径。
8.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,进一步包括一层或多层如下材料:织造材料或非织造材料,MD纱线阵列或CD纱线阵列,宽度小于所述带或套环宽度的螺旋缠绕织造材料条带,纤维网,膜,或其组合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,相邻的聚合物材料条带以机械方式互锁。
10.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环在一个表面或两个表面上具有纹理。
11.根据权利要求10所述的带或套环,其中,所述纹理通过砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻提供。
12.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环在一个或两个表面上为光滑的。
13.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,其中,所述带或套环包括至少两层带材材料,该两层带材材料在彼此相反的方向或与MD相反进行螺旋缠绕。
14.根据权利要求1所述的带或套环,在所述带或套环的一侧或两侧上进一步包括功能性涂层。
15.根据权利要求8所述的带或套环,其中,所述一层或多层设置在所述带或套环的一侧或两侧上,或者设置在两层带材之间。
16.一种用于形成在非织造物制造中使用的带或套环的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
围绕多个辊螺旋缠绕一个或多个聚合物材料条带,其中,所述一个或多个聚合物材料条带为工业带材或带状物材料;以及
使用预定的技术,将相邻材料条带的边缘连接起来。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述预定的技术为激光焊接、红外焊接或超声波焊接。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述工业带材或带状物材料具有等于或大于0.30mm的厚度,以及,等于或大于10mm的宽度。
19.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述带或套环制成为对空气和/或水可透过或不可透过。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中,使用机械方式或热加工方式在所述带或套环中制造通透空隙或孔,将所述带或套环制成为可透过空气和/或水。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中,所述通透空隙或孔形成为预定尺寸、形状或取向。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中,所述通透空隙或孔具有在0.005英寸至0.01英寸范围内的标称直径。
23.根据权利要求16所述的方法,进一步包括如下步骤:
向所述带或套环的上表面或下表面施加一层或多层如下材料:织造材料或非织造材料,MD纱线阵列或CD纱线阵列,宽度小于所述带或套环宽度的螺旋缠绕织造材料条带,纤维网,膜,或其组合。
24.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,相邻的聚合物材料条带以机械方式互锁。
25.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述带或套环在一个表面或两个表面上设置有纹理。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中,所述纹理通过砂纸打磨、刻挖、压花或蚀刻提供。
27.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述带或套环在一个或两个表面上为光滑的。
28.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述带或套环包括至少两层带材材料,该两层带材材料在彼此相反的方向或与MD相反进行螺旋缠绕。
29.根据权利要求16所述的方法,进一步包括用功能性涂层对所述带或套环的一侧或两侧进行涂覆的步骤。
30.根据权利要求23所述的带或套环,其中,所述一层或多层设置在所述带或套环的一侧或两侧上,或者设置在两层带材之间。
31.根据权利要求14所述的织物、带或套环,其中,所述功能性涂层在其顶面上具有纹理。
32.根据权利要求29所述的方法,进一步包括向所述功能性涂层提供纹理的步骤。
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CN104395524A (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2015-03-04 | 阿尔巴尼国际公司 | 包括经加强的螺旋缠绕材料条带的工业织物 |
CN102978826A (zh) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-20 | 安徽省三森纺织有限公司 | 聚酯纤维复合带的生产工艺 |
CN106163788A (zh) * | 2013-11-25 | 2016-11-23 | 费德罗-莫格尔动力***有限公司 | 螺旋缠绕的非织造套筒及其构造方法 |
US10703066B2 (en) | 2013-11-25 | 2020-07-07 | Federal-Mogul Powertrain Llc | Spiral wrapped nonwoven sleeve and method of construction thereof |
CN110603143A (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2019-12-20 | 洛博纳有限公司 | 包括第一部分和第二部分的非织造载体材料 |
CN112840075A (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2021-05-25 | 洛博纳有限公司 | 包括形状配合连接的第一部分的载体材料 |
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