CN106124998A - A kind of lithium battery interior short circuit test method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery interior short circuit test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124998A CN106124998A CN201610651869.1A CN201610651869A CN106124998A CN 106124998 A CN106124998 A CN 106124998A CN 201610651869 A CN201610651869 A CN 201610651869A CN 106124998 A CN106124998 A CN 106124998A
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- lithium battery
- pressurizing unit
- testing
- stationary fixture
- temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/3865—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables related to manufacture, e.g. testing after manufacture
Abstract
The method of testing of a kind of lithium battery interior short circuit, concrete testing procedure is as follows: lithium battery is fixed in stationary fixture by S1.；S2. the interior temperature with fixed jig of control chamber body；S3. li battery shell is slowly extruded the while that controller controlling pressurizing unit from multiple directions；S4. the displacement information of the testing needle of the controller collection temperature information of lithium battery, change in voltage information, pressurizing unit；S5. the change that the extruding of observation lithium battery is put combines the lithium battery information of controller collection and is analyzed, it is judged that the security performance of lithium battery.The present invention is practical, measuring accuracy is high, it is possible to more comprehensively test the internal short-circuit operating mode of lithium battery, reduces test error, effectively avoid existing between the temperature of lithium battery and actual temperature the test data that the temperature difference causes accurate, thus impact is to the test of lithium battery security performance and assessment；Reduce temperature difference, improve test effect, energy efficient；Avoid enter into the heat energy Relatively centralized in casing, impact test effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium battery technical field of measurement and test, be specifically related to a kind of lithium battery interior short circuit test method.
Background technology
Lithium battery, as a kind of high-effect, power storage medium of environmental protection, is the most deeply applied to various electronic product, electricity
In power driven tools and means of transportation.But, along with the gradually expansion of its range of application, and the volume energy density of single lithium battery is more
Coming the highest, capacity is increasing, is increasingly susceptible to more explosion accident, and its security performance is increasingly closed by people
Note.Therefore, lithium battery after manufacture, needs to carry out lithium battery and carries out internal short-circuit testing experiment, as a series of in extruding, acupuncture etc.
Safety detection is to determine that lithium battery meets safety criterion regulation.The one of lithium battery interior short-circuit test during squeeze test, at present
Conventional testing experiment uses single blunt needle slowly to extrude battery case, causes its internal deformation, thus to lithium battery outside
Shape is observed, and temperature and voltage to lithium battery are acquired judging that lithium battery interior is the most short-circuit, comprehensively to test lithium
The internal short-circuit operating mode of battery, thus judge the security performance of lithium battery.Single blunt needle extruding lithium battery is used to carry out internal short
The method of drive test examination, although be capable of testing effect, but find in practice, single blunt needle extruding lithium battery carries out internal short-circuit
Can not comprehensively test the performance of lithium battery during test, there is certain error in judgement.Further, since fixing lithium battery is fixing
Lithium battery can not be heated by fixture, and therefore, lithium battery can not carry out security performance test to lithium battery under different temperatures environment,
If using external equipment that the temperature in test equipment box is controlled, but between lithium battery and casing, there is fixation clamp
Tool so that lithium battery exists certain temperature difference with the temperature in casing, affects performance.
Therefore, how to overcome the deficiency of existing lithium battery interior short-circuit test, become lithium battery technical field of measurement and test anxious
The problem that need to solve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that a kind of measuring accuracy is high, it is possible to control lithium to be measured electricity in real time
The lithium battery interior short circuit test method of pond temperature and energy efficient.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention uses following scheme to realize: the test of a kind of lithium battery interior short circuit
Method, including casing, for fix lithium battery stationary fixture, be arranged on the pressurizing unit above and below stationary fixture and
It is arranged in casing and is connected with stationary fixture and pressurizing unit and has the controller of voltage acquisition function；Described stationary fixture
Inside it is provided with for the temperature inductor of Real-time Collection lithium battery temperature with for controlling the heater of lithium battery temperature；Temperature sense
Device and heater are all connected with controller；Testing needle and the sensing testing needle position of extruding lithium battery it is provided with in described pressurizing unit
The displacement sensor moved；Described displacement sensor is connected with controller, and its concrete testing procedure is as follows:
S1. lithium battery is fixed in stationary fixture；
S2. the interior temperature with fixed jig of control chamber body；
S3. li battery shell is slowly extruded the while that controller controlling pressurizing unit from multiple directions；
S4. the displacement of the testing needle that controller gathers the temperature information of lithium battery, change in voltage information, pressurizing unit is believed
Breath；
S5. the change that the extruding of observation lithium battery is put combines the lithium battery information of controller collection and is analyzed, it is judged that lithium battery
Security performance.
Wherein, in described stationary fixture, it is provided with the instrument connection matched with testing needle position, and described instrument connection
Shape, size and quantity all shape, size and quantity with testing needle matches.
Wherein, described testing needle is blunt needle.
Wherein, described casing is provided with hot fluid circulation device, realizes the hot fluid circulation in casing by hot-fluid dark yellow device.
Wherein, it is provided with deflector between described hot fluid circulation device and casing.
Wherein, described described controller is PID controller.
Wherein, the quantity of described pressurizing unit is two or three.
Wherein, when the quantity of described pressurizing unit is two, it is respectively provided with crowded above and below described stationary fixture
Press-fiting and be set to one, pressurizing unit is arranged on surface and the underface of stationary fixture.
Wherein, when the quantity of described pressurizing unit is three, described stationary fixture is arranged over a pressurizing unit,
This pressurizing unit is positioned at the surface of stationary fixture；The described pressurizing unit below stationary fixture is two, is arranged on fixing
Pressurizing unit above fixture and the pressurizing unit below stationary fixture are in Y-shaped structure distribution between two.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is practical, and measuring accuracy is high, extrudes lithium electricity by multiple pressurizing units simultaneously
Pond shell, then according to the li battery shell change after extruding and the variations in temperature of the lithium battery of collection and change in voltage information
The security performance of lithium battery is judged, it is possible to more comprehensively test the internal short-circuit operating mode of lithium battery, improve test effect
Really, reduce test error, improve the security performance precision of test lithium battery；Simultaneously by being provided with heater pair in stationary fixture
The temperature of lithium battery adjusts in real time and controls, and optimizes the structure of stationary fixture, can effectively avoid the temperature of lithium battery
Spend that to there are the test data that the temperature difference causes between actual temperature accurate, thus impact to the test of lithium battery security performance and
Assessment；By being externally provided with the hot fluid circulation fluid that hot fluid circulation device realizes in casing, the temperature in equalizing box body at casing, make
Heat energy can effectively utilize and temperature between core stationary fixture in equalizing box body, reduce temperature difference, improve test effect,
Energy efficient；Hot-fluid import at hot fluid circulation device is provided with deflector, guides the hot-fluid entered in casing so that heat
Stream uniformly enters in casing, it is to avoid enter the heat energy Relatively centralized in casing, impact test effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the stationary fixture of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the pressurizing unit of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the explosive view of the pressurizing unit of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the stationary fixture of embodiment 2.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to allow those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
It is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the method for testing of a kind of lithium battery interior short circuit, including casing 1, it is arranged in casing for putting
Put the stationary fixture 2 of lithium battery, be arranged in casing for the pressurizing unit 3 that lithium battery is tested, be arranged on case-side
Wall and control stationary fixture, pressurizing unit and hot fluid circulation device with the hot fluid circulation device 4 being connected in casing and being used for even
The controller 5 connect.It is provided with in described casing 1 and enters the air inlet in casing for outer gas stream and flow out case for hot-fluid in casing
The air outlet of body, realizes the air-flow in casing and outside circulation by air inlet and air outlet.It is additionally provided with use in described casing
In observing the observation panel that lithium battery extruding changes, this observation panel is sealed by implosion guard, it is to avoid lithium battery explodes, and causes
Explosive flies out outside casing.Described lithium battery is the cylinder class lithium battery of 18650 types.
Described controller 5 is connected with stationary fixture 2, pressurizing unit 3 and hot fluid circulation device 4, is controlled by controller 5
Stationary fixture 2 processed, pressurizing unit 3 and hot fluid circulation device 4 work, it is achieved the internal short-circuit of lithium battery to be tested is tested examination
Test.
In order to better control over the temperature of lithium battery, at the interior heater of fixed jig to being fixed in fixed jig
Lithium battery carries out temperature control.Described stationary fixture 2 includes the base 21 being fixed on casing and is arranged on above base 21
And the fixing lid 22 being mutually matched with base；By clamping or consolidating of being rotationally connected between described fixing lid 22 and base 21
Fixed.Described base 21 is that the material that thermal deformation is little is made, and the bottom of base 21 is provided with the arc opening matched with lithium battery,
Lithium battery is fixed in arc opening.It is provided with heater 211 in described base 21, is regulated by heater 211 fixing in real time
The temperature of the lithium battery in fixture 2, it is achieved the temperature controlled effect of lithium battery.Described base is that stainless steel is made.
In order to preferably gather the temperature of lithium battery, being provided with temperature sensor on stationary fixture 2, this temperature sensor sets
Put in base 21 and fixing lid 22, and temperature sensor is connected with controller 5, is monitored lithium battery in real time by temperature sensor
Temperature, and temperature information is delivered to controller 5.
In order to reduce the interference of external force when pressurizing unit carries out testing experiment to lithium battery, improve the mistake of squeeze pressure
Difference, is equipped with, in described base 21 and fixing lid 22, the instrument connection 23 matched with pressurizing unit position, and pressurizing unit 3 is worn
Cross instrument connection 23 and the lithium battery in stationary fixture is carried out testing experiment.
The quantity of described pressurizing unit 3 is two, two pressurizing units 3 be separately positioned on stationary fixture 2 top and
Lower section.One of them pressurizing unit is positioned at directly over stationary fixture 2, and the position of pressurizing unit is corresponding with the position of lithium battery,
And described pressurizing unit is vertical with stationary fixture.Another pressurizing unit 3 is positioned at immediately below stationary fixture 2, pressurizing unit
The position pressurizing unit corresponding and described with the position of lithium battery vertical with stationary fixture so that be just positioned at stationary fixture
Top is with the pressurizing unit of underface on the same line and vertical with stationary fixture.Two described pressurizing units synchronize to move
Dynamic, by two pressurizing unit synergy of directly over stationary fixture and underface, the lithium battery in stationary fixture is squeezed
Pressure testing experiment, thus realize the security performance test of lithium battery to be tested.
Described pressurizing unit includes the pressurizing unit base being arranged in casing by pressurizing unit, passes through motor mounting plate
Reductor that the motor being fixed on pressurizing unit base is connected with motor, shaft coupling, by shaft coupling with reductor even
Nut that the screw mandrel connect and screw mandrel screw togather, it is arranged on the guide rail of screw mandrel both sides by guide rails assembling plate, is arranged on guide rail side and uses
Displacement sensor in sensing nut displacement is connected with nut and the testing needle fixed plate of movement and testing on guide rail
Pin fixed plate connect pressure inductor installing plate, the pressure inductor 32 being arranged on pressure inductor installing plate, be arranged on
The guide pillar being positioned at pressure inductor both sides on pressure inductor installing plate, the bearing being inserted in guide pillar, the company of two bearings of connection
Fishplate bar, the testing needle chuck being arranged on connecting plate and be fixed on testing needle 31 on testing needle chuck.Described test
Pin is blunt needle.
In order to improve the accurate control to compression assemblies, described motor is motor.Step motor drive reductor
Work.The speed reducing ratio of described motor and reductor is 20:1, and motor is combined with reductor and can reduce screw mandrel and turn
Dynamic speed.When the slewing rate of screw mandrel reduces, that can effectively reduce nut moves up and down speed, it is achieved to testing needle
Control and increase the squeeze pressure of testing needle.The speed minimum of the described testing needle in pressurizing unit can reach
0.01mm/s, the maximum that pressure can reach is 2000N.Effect due to reductor so that survey in lithium battery interior short circuit
In examination equipment work process, the slewing rate of screw mandrel and nut can be effectively reduced, increase squeeze pressure controlled range, i.e.
The control pressure limit of testing needle is 0～2000N, and the Bit andits control that testing needle is pressed down is in the range of 0～0.2mm.
Directly over described stationary fixture and underface two pressurizing units in testing needle shapes and sizes with set
The shapes and sizes putting the instrument connection 23 in base 21 and fixing lid 22 match, and the position of the position of testing needle and instrument connection
Putting to correspondence so that during test, testing needle extrudes li battery shell through instrument connection.
For the temperature in more preferable casing, the sidewall at casing is provided with hot fluid circulation device 4, real by hot fluid circulation device
Temperature in existing casing controls.Described hot fluid circulation device 4 includes hot-fluid import 41 and the hot outlets being arranged in casing
42, hot-fluid import and the heat flow tube 43 of hot outlets, the heating element 44 being arranged in heat flow tube and blower fan 45 are connected.Described
Blower fan is arranged on the rear of heating element, and the heat energy distributed by heating element by blower fan is delivered in casing.Position in described casing 1
Being provided with deflector 6 at the air outlet of electro-heat equipment 4, the hot-fluid produced by heated air circulation device 4 by deflector 6 is the most defeated
Deliver in casing, it is to avoid in casing, local heating or temperature are too high, impact test effect.
Described controller 5 is arranged on the sidewall of casing, and described controller 5 is PID controller.Described PID control
Device processed is that existing PID controller all can realize.
Concretely comprising the following steps of the method for testing of the lithium battery interior short circuit of the present invention:
When lithium battery is carried out internal short-circuit testing experiment, first lithium battery is fixed on the base of stationary fixture, then will be solid
Surely cover 22 and coordinate fixing lithium battery with base 21.The both positive and negative polarity of lithium battery is connected with test equipment respectively, simultaneously at lithium battery
Surface is provided with the temperature inductor being connected with controller and monitors the temperature of lithium battery in real time.Set a temperature value, institute
The temperature value stated is the arbitrary value in 58 DEG C～65 DEG C, and now battery performance is more active, and controller controls heater and sends out
Hot device works, and the temperature of Real-time Collection lithium battery, and when the temperature of lithium battery reaches setting value, controller controls pressurizing unit
Work.Electric motor starting in pressurizing unit, and drive testing needle to move down.Testing needle slowly extrudes lithium battery through instrument connection
Housing, controller constantly collects the magnitude of voltage of lithium battery and the variations in temperature of lithium battery simultaneously.Testing needle continues to move down, position
Moving the displacement that induction apparatus record testing needle moves, observe the change of li battery shell, pressure inductor constantly records testing needle and squeezes
Being pressed in the force value of li battery shell, the variations in temperature of temperature inductor record lithium battery, controller gathers lithium battery quilt simultaneously
Change in voltage in extrusion process, the temperature change value of lithium battery gathered by controller, voltage change, change in displacement value
And the force value of li battery shell, the every data message of lithium battery that tester can be gathered by software judges lithium battery
Security performance, thus realize comprehensively testing the internal short-circuit operating mode of lithium battery.In extrusion process, if testing needle just extrudes
Lithium battery casing, observes li battery shell temperature and raises, and magnitude of voltage is zero, and the lithium battery interior after being now extruded occurs short
Road, after testing needle removes lithium battery casing, it is so zero that the voltage of lithium battery is appointed, then explanation lithium battery security performance is poor；If surveying
After pressing maximum displacement under test point, after the depth capacity of testing needle extruding lithium battery casing, lithium battery observes li battery shell temperature
Raising, and magnitude of voltage is zero, the lithium battery interior after being now extruded is short-circuited, after testing needle removes lithium battery casing, and lithium
It is so zero that the voltage of battery is appointed, then explanation lithium battery security performance is general；If after pressing maximum displacement under testing needle, testing needle extrudes
After the depth capacity of lithium battery casing, lithium battery is observed li battery shell temperature and is raised, and magnitude of voltage is zero, after being now extruded
Lithium battery interior be short-circuited, after testing needle removes lithium battery casing, the voltage of the voltage of lithium battery recovers, then explanation lithium electricity
Pond security performance is preferable；If after pressing maximum displacement under testing needle, after the depth capacity of testing needle extruding lithium battery casing, lithium battery
Observing li battery shell variations in temperature little, and magnitude of voltage is not zero, the lithium battery interior after being now extruded occurs the most completely
Short circuit, after testing needle removes lithium battery casing, the voltage of the voltage of lithium battery recovers, then explanation lithium battery security performance is good；
If after pressing maximum displacement under testing needle, after the depth capacity of testing needle extruding lithium battery casing, lithium battery observes li battery shell
There is not political reform in temperature, and magnitude of voltage does not changes, and the lithium battery interior after being now extruded is not short-circuited, and testing needle is removed
After lithium battery casing, all there is not political reform in lithium battery temperature and voltage, then explanation lithium battery security performance is outstanding.
The present embodiment uses many testing needles to extrude lithium battery casing simultaneously, can improve testing efficiency and measuring accuracy,
And lithium battery security performance can be tested comprehensively, there is good practical value, it is simple to promote the use of.
Embodiment 2
The mechanism of the present embodiment is the most same as in Example 1, and its difference is, the number of the pressurizing unit in embodiment 1
Amount is two, and the quantity of the pressurizing unit in embodiment 2 is three, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.When the quantity of pressurizing unit is three
Time individual, the described pressurizing unit above stationary fixture is one, and pressurizing unit is arranged on the underface of stationary fixture；Described
Pressurizing unit below stationary fixture is two, is arranged on the pressurizing unit above stationary fixture and the extruding below stationary fixture
Device is in Y-shaped structure distribution between two.Three described pressurizing units are synchronizing moving, other structures and method of testing
The most same as in Example 1, again it is not repeated elaboration.
Above-described embodiment is only the wherein specific implementation of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but can not
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention it is interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these obvious alternative forms are equal
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the method for testing of a lithium battery interior short circuit, it is characterised in that include casing (1), for fixing consolidating of lithium battery
Clamp tool (2), it is arranged on the pressurizing unit (3) above and below stationary fixture and is arranged in casing and and stationary fixture
(2) connect with pressurizing unit and there is the controller (5) of voltage acquisition function；Described stationary fixture is provided with in real time in (2)
Gather the temperature inductor of lithium battery temperature and for controlling the heater of lithium battery temperature；Temperature inductor and heater all with
Controller connects；Testing needle and the displacement sense of sensing testing needle displacement of extruding lithium battery it is provided with in described pressurizing unit (3)
Answer device；Described displacement sensor is connected with controller, and its concrete testing procedure is as follows:
S1. lithium battery is fixed in stationary fixture；
S2. the interior temperature with fixed jig of control chamber body；
S3. li battery shell is slowly extruded the while that controller controlling pressurizing unit from multiple directions；
S4. the displacement of the testing needle that controller gathers the temperature information of lithium battery, change in voltage information, pressurizing unit is believed
Breath；
S5. the change that the extruding of observation lithium battery is put combines the lithium battery information of controller collection and is analyzed, it is judged that lithium battery
Security performance.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 1 short circuit, it is characterised in that described stationary fixture
(2) be provided with the instrument connection matched with testing needle position in, and the shape of described instrument connection, size and quantity all with test
The shape of pin, size and quantity match.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 2 short circuit, it is characterised in that described testing needle is blunt
Pin.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 3 short circuit, it is characterised in that described casing is provided with heat
Stream circulating device (4), realizes the hot fluid circulation in casing by hot-fluid dark yellow device.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 4 short circuit, it is characterised in that described hot fluid circulation dress
Put and between (4) and casing, be provided with deflector (6).
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 5 short circuit, it is characterised in that described described control
Device (5) is PID controller.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 6 short circuit, it is characterised in that described pressurizing unit
(3) quantity is two or three.
8. according to the method for testing of lithium battery interior according to claim 7 short circuit, it is characterised in that described extruding dress
Putting the quantity of (3) when being two, being respectively provided with pressurizing unit above and below described stationary fixture (2) is one, extruding dress
Put (3) and be arranged on surface and the underface of stationary fixture.
The method of testing of lithium battery interior the most according to claim 7 short circuit, it is characterised in that described pressurizing unit
(3) when quantity is three, described stationary fixture is arranged over a pressurizing unit, and this pressurizing unit is positioned at stationary fixture
Surface；The described pressurizing unit below stationary fixture is two, is arranged on the pressurizing unit above stationary fixture with fixing
Pressurizing unit below fixture is in Y-shaped structure distribution between two.
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| CN106124998A true CN106124998A (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN106124998B CN106124998B (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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| CN107478944A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-15 | 深圳市德宇智能装备有限公司 | A kind of survey short-circuit mechanism for cylindrical lithium battery film-making winding integrated machine |
| CN107478944B (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2022-06-10 | 安徽思骏新材料有限公司 | Short circuit measuring mechanism for cylindrical lithium battery sheet-making and winding all-in-one machine |
| CN109856555A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | The evaluation method and manufacturing method and test macro of electric energy storage device |
| JP2019102169A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Evaluation method for power storage device, manufacturing method of power storage device, and test system |
| CN109856555B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-06-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Evaluation method and manufacturing method for power storage device, and test system |
| CN108287311A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳天溯计量检测股份有限公司 | A kind of power battery short-circuit test machine and test method |
| CN108267695A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-10 | 深圳瑞隆新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of analysis test method based on pressure lithium battery interior short circuit |
| US20200072908A1 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Battery test system and battery test method |
| US11598815B2 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2023-03-07 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Battery test system and battery test method |
| CN113391208A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-14 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Needling test method of lithium battery pack |
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