CN106120307A - 一种真丝织物精练漂白的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种真丝织物精练漂白的方法,属于真丝织物加工技术领域。本发明首先通过碳酸钠对真丝织物进行预处理,然后再用柠檬酸辅以乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、烷基磺酸钠等助剂进行精练,再用酶处理,之后漂白,最后采用不同温度梯度的去离子水进行水洗,完成对真丝织物的精练漂白,该方法有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感,还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,精练过程采用柠檬酸不仅可以把握脱胶程度还可以增加真丝织物的光泽,精练过后进一步酶练,提升了织物的手感和绉效应,采用不同温度梯度的去离子水进行水洗,使真丝织物更加柔软,该方法工艺简便,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种真丝织物精练漂白的方法,属于真丝织物加工技术领域。
背景技术
真丝一般指蚕丝,包括桑蚕丝、榨蚕丝、蓖麻蚕丝、木薯蚕丝等。真丝被称为“纤维皇后”,以其独特的魅力受到古往今来的人们的青睐。真丝,属于蛋白质纤维,丝中含有18种对人体有益的氨基酸,可以帮助皮肤维持表面脂膜的新陈代谢,故可以使皮肤保持滋润、光滑。真丝除了纤维的主体丝素外,还含有丝胶、蜡质、色素、无机物和碳水化合物等天然杂质,以及因织造所需添加的浸渍助剂等人为杂质。这些杂质的存在不仅有损于丝绸柔软、光亮和洁白等优良品质,而且会影响真丝织物的后续染整加工。因此,真丝织物需要经过精练和漂白处理。真丝挂练常用的工艺有皂碱法、专用丝绸精练剂法、酶-合成洗涤剂法及合成洗涤剂碱法。皂碱法精练易产生白雾、皂迹、出水不清等病疵,专用丝绸精练剂法脱胶速度慢,织物毛效略差,酶-合成洗涤剂法织物手感略差,绉效应差,合成洗涤剂碱法织物手感略差,绉效应差。精练后丝绸产品为除去色素,一般采用保险粉或者双氧水漂白。保险粉气味较大、易自燃,运输和存储要求高,生产效率较低,双氧水漂白织物易带红光,影响丝绸品质及后续染整加工。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题:针对目前常用的真丝精练工艺造成的织物手感差、绉效应差、出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,提供了一种真丝织物精练漂白的方法,本发明首先通过碳酸钠、耐碱渗透剂OPE-70对真丝织物进行溶胀和脱胶等预处理,然后再用柠檬酸、耐酸渗透剂SP-2辅以乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、烷基磺酸钠等助剂进行精练,脱除丝胶、无机物和色素等杂质,之后进行水洗,再用酶进行处理,之后再漂白,最后采用不同温度梯度的去离子水进行水洗,完成对真丝织物的精练漂白,该方法有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感,还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,精练过程采用柠檬酸不仅可以把握脱胶程度还可以增加真丝织物的光泽,精练过后进一步酶练,提升了织物的手感和绉效应,采用不同温度梯度的去离子水进行水洗,使真丝织物更加柔软,该方法工艺简便,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
(1)量取300~400mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.1~0.3g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌20~30min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.5~0.7g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液;
(2)将一块3×3~5×5cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在70~80℃,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;
(3)量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0.1~0.3g烷基磺酸钠、0.01~0.03g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、1~3g酯基季铵盐、0.1~0.3g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌20~30min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在1.8~2.0,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在80~90℃,浸泡0.5~1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;
(4)将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,控制温度在70~80℃,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;
(5)量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在40~50℃,向烧杯中加入0.3~0.5g胰蛋白酶、0.1~0.3g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌5~10min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;
(6)将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.3~0.5g过氧化氢、0.3~0.5g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;
(7)将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.01~0.03g柠檬酸,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有400~500mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在40~50℃,浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有400~500mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明工艺简便,有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感;
(2)本发明还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
具体实施方式
首先量取300~400mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.1~0.3g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌20~30min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.5~0.7g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液;将一块3×3~5×5cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在70~80℃,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0. 1~0.3g烷基磺酸钠、0.01~0.03g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、1~3g酯基季铵盐、0.1~0.3g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌20~30min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在1.8~2.0,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在80~90℃,浸泡0.5~1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在70~80℃,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在40~50℃,向烧杯中加入0.3~0.5g胰蛋白酶、0.1~0.3g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌5~10min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.3~0.5g过氧化氢、0.3~0.5g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.01~0.03g柠檬酸,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有400~500mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在40~50℃,浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有400~500mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
实例1
首先量取300mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在60℃,向烧杯中加入0.1g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌20min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.5g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌5min,得到混合液;将一块3×3cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在70℃,浸泡1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;量取500mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0. 1g烷基磺酸钠、0.01g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、1g酯基季铵盐、0.1g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌20min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在1.8,磁力搅拌5min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在80℃,浸泡0.5h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有500mL去离子水的烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,控制温度在70℃,浸泡20min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;量取500mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在40℃,向烧杯中加入0.3g胰蛋白酶、0.1g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌5min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有500mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在60℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.3g过氧化氢、0.3g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有500mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在60℃,向烧杯中加入0.01g柠檬酸,浸泡20min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有400mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在40℃,浸泡30min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有400mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡30min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
本发明工艺简便,有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感;本发明还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
实例2
首先量取350mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在65℃,向烧杯中加入0.2g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌25min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.6g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌8min,得到混合液;将一块4×4cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在75℃,浸泡1.5h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;量取550mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0.2g烷基磺酸钠、0.02g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、2g酯基季铵盐、0.2g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌25min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在1.9,磁力搅拌8min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在85℃,浸泡0.8h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有550mL去离子水的烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,控制温度在75℃,浸泡25min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;量取550mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在45℃,向烧杯中加入0.4g胰蛋白酶、0.2g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌8min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1.5h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有550mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在65℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.4g过氧化氢、0.4g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1.5h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有550mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在65℃,向烧杯中加入0.02g柠檬酸,浸泡25min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有450mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在45℃,浸泡35min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有450mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡35min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
本发明工艺简便,有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感;本发明还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
实例3
首先量取400mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在70℃,向烧杯中加入0.3g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌30min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.7g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌10min,得到混合液;将一块5×5cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在80℃,浸泡2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;量取600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0.3g烷基磺酸钠、0.03g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、3g酯基季铵盐、0.3g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌30min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在2.0,磁力搅拌10min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在90℃,浸泡1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有600mL去离子水的烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,控制温度在80℃,浸泡30min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;量取600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在50℃,向烧杯中加入0.5g胰蛋白酶、0.3g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌10min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在70℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.5g过氧化氢、0.5g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在70℃,向烧杯中加入0.03g柠檬酸,浸泡30min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有500mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在50℃,浸泡40min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有500mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡40min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
本发明工艺简便,有效的克服了脱胶不匀,减少了灰伤,改善了产品手感;本发明还解决了出水不清和易产生白雾、皂迹的问题,生产出来的真丝织物手感好、光泽度好,提高了真丝织物的质量。
Claims (1)
1.一种真丝织物精练漂白的方法,其特征在于具体步骤为:
(1)量取300~400mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制油浴温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.1~0.3g耐碱渗透剂OPE-70,磁力搅拌20~30min,使耐碱渗透剂OPE-70完全溶解,再向烧杯中加入0.5~0.7g碳酸钠,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液;
(2)将一块3×3~5×5cm真丝织物浸泡到上述混合液中,控制混合液温度在70~80℃,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到预处理后的真丝织物;
(3)量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,依次加入0.1~0.3g烷基磺酸钠、0.01~0.03g乙二胺四甲叉膦酸钠、1~3g酯基季铵盐、0.1~0.3g耐酸渗透剂SP-2,磁力搅拌20~30min,再向烧杯中加入柠檬酸,控制pH在1.8~2.0,磁力搅拌5~10min,得到混合液,将上述预处理后的真丝织物浸泡到混合液中,油浴控制温度在80~90℃,浸泡0.5~1h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到精练后的真丝织物;
(4)将上述精练后的真丝织物放入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,将烧杯置于油浴锅中,控制温度在70~80℃,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,得到水洗后的真丝织物;
(5)量取500~600mL去离子水加入到1000mL烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在40~50℃,向烧杯中加入0.3~0.5g胰蛋白酶、0.1~0.3g木瓜蛋白酶,搅拌5~10min,将上述水洗后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到酶练后的真丝织物;
(6)将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴锅中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中依次加入0.3~0.5g过氧化氢、0.3~0.5g乙烯二胺四醋酸钠,将上述酶练后的真丝织物浸入烧杯中,浸泡1~2h,之后将真丝织物取出,得到漂白后的真丝织物;
(7)将上述漂白后的真丝织物浸入盛有500~600mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于油浴中,控制温度在60~70℃,向烧杯中加入0.01~0.03g柠檬酸,浸泡20~30min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到盛有400~500 mL去离子水的烧杯中,置于水浴中,控制温度在40~50℃,浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,放入到另一盛有400~500mL去离子水的烧杯中,室温下浸泡30~40min,之后将真丝织物取出,在阴凉处晾干,即可完成真丝织物的精练漂白。
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