CN106116560A - 永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106116560A
CN106116560A CN201610480659.0A CN201610480659A CN106116560A CN 106116560 A CN106116560 A CN 106116560A CN 201610480659 A CN201610480659 A CN 201610480659A CN 106116560 A CN106116560 A CN 106116560A
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周连明
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Nantong Zhongxing Magnetic Industry Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:取氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,加热处理,得混合物A;将三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,得混合物B;将三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,得混合物C;将混合物B内加入1‑2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8‑1.2μm,干燥,得混合物D;将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,然后自然冷却降温。本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法显著地提升永磁铁氧体磁性材料的磁性性能。

Description

永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法
技术领域
本公开一般涉及磁性材料技术领域,具体涉及氧化物磁性材料,尤其涉及永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法。
背景技术
铁氧体磁性材料是一种复合氧化物烧结体非金属磁性材料,一般分为软磁铁氧体和永磁铁氧体磁性材料。永磁铁氧体磁性材料又包括有钡铁氧体和锶铁氧体,电阻率高,属于半导体类型,故涡流损耗小,矫顽力大,能有效地应用在大气隙的磁路中,特别适于作小型发电机和电动机的永磁体。永磁铁氧体磁性材料的原材料来源丰富,工艺不复杂,成本低,从而具有较高的性价比,被广泛应用于高功率、高转速、高扭矩的各类电机,如高档汽车电机、摩托车启动电机、家用电器以及电动工具马达等领域。目前,为了提高永磁铁氧体的综合磁性能或者提高某些方面的特性性能,主要采用的解决办法是通过改善用来制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的组分以及相应的比重,或者改良制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的生产工艺。中国发明专利201410077393.6(公告日2015年10月14日)公开了一种高磁能永磁铁氧体材料,以重量份数计,包括三氧化二铁100-120份、氧化镧2-4份、二氧化硅16-23份、氧化钡0.5-1.5份、氧化锶0.2-0.8份、碳酸钙15-25份和硬脂酸镁3-9份;以及制备工艺:(1)将三氧化二铁、氧化镧、氧化钡和氧化锶按照比例在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎;(2)将粗破碎后的原料与二氧化硅、碳酸钙和硬脂酸镁混合后,加入混合物总重1-2倍的水和混合物总重3-6倍的钢球,采用球磨机磨至浆料粒度为0.5-1.0μm;(3)将浆料进行脱水处理,之后在压力为20MPa的条件下压制成型,同时添加5000-8000A/m的取向磁场,得到生坯;(4)将生坯在氧气条件下进行烧结,烧结温度为1200-1300℃,保持2-3h,随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料。制备出的高磁能永磁铁氧体材料,在剩磁、内禀矫顽力及最大磁能积等参数指标明显高于普通的铁氧体材料,提高了整体磁性能。所以,改善用来制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的组分和制备工艺已经成为本领域技术人员的研究热点与难点。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中的上述缺陷或不足,期望提供一种提高磁性性能的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法。
本发明提供一种永磁铁氧体磁性材料,永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:三氧化二铁100份,碳酸锶3-5份,硼酸12-15,三氧化二硼10-13份,氧化镁0.5-1份,高岭土6-10份,三羟甲基丙烷3-6份,氧化钡3-9份,氧化镧1-3份,氧化钕12-15份,环氧树脂2-8份,氧化锌3-6份,石英石8-12份,氧化铜4-6份,三氧化二铝1-2份。制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即得永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料制备工艺,将上述特定重量份数的各组分制备出永磁铁氧体磁性材料,使得永磁铁氧体磁性材料性能远大于普通永磁铁氧体磁性材料的性能,其中磁能积可达到51.0-53.5kJ/m3,内禀矫顽力可达到381.3-388.4kA/m,剩余磁化强度可达到532.6-553.9mT,显著地提升永磁铁氧体磁性材料的磁性性能。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1本发明实施例提供的制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关发明,而非对该发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是,为了便于描述,附图中仅示出了与发明相关的部分。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
实施例1
在本实施例中,永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:三氧化二铁100份,氧化锶3份,硼酸12份,三氧化二硼10份,氧化镁0.5份,高岭土6份,三羟甲基丙烷3份,氧化钡3份,氧化镧1份,氧化钕12份,环氧树脂2份,氧化锌13份,石英石8份,氧化铜4份,三氧化二铝1份。
请参考图1,本实施例中采用如下制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的方法,具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
实施例2
在本实施例中,永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:三氧化二铁100份,氧化锶3.5份,硼酸13份,三氧化二硼11份,氧化镁0.7份,高岭土7份,三羟甲基丙烷4份,氧化钡5份,氧化镧1.5份,氧化钕13份,环氧树脂4份,氧化锌14份,石英石9份,氧化铜4.5份,三氧化二铝1.5份。
请参考图1,本实施例中采用如下制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的方法,具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
实施例3
在本实施例中,永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:三氧化二铁100份,碳酸锶4份,硼酸14,三氧化二硼12份,氧化镁0.8份,高岭土8份,三羟甲基丙烷5份,氧化钡6份,氧化镧2份,氧化钕13份,环氧树脂5份,氧化锌4份,石英石10份,氧化铜5份,三氧化二铝1.5份。
请参考图1,本实施例中采用如下制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的方法,具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
实施例4
在本实施例中,永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:三氧化二铁100份,碳酸锶5份,硼酸15,三氧化二硼13份,氧化镁1份,高岭土10份,三羟甲基丙烷6份,氧化钡9份,氧化镧3份,氧化钕15份,环氧树脂8份,氧化锌16份,石英石12份,氧化铜6份,三氧化二铝2份。
请参考图1,本实施例中采用如下制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的方法,具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
为了验证本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的相关性能,分别对实施例1-实施例4中的永磁铁氧体磁性材料进行测试,得到如表1的数据。其中,磁能积单位为kJ/m3,内禀矫顽力单位为kA/m,剩余磁化强度单位为mT。
表1
由表1可知,本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料在磁能积、内禀矫顽力和剩余磁化强度方面明显优于本领域中常用的Sr铁氧体材料粉,尤其是在实施例3的永磁铁氧体磁性材料在这3各方面性能上达到最佳。具体地,本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料在磁能积上可到达53.5kJ/m3,在内禀矫顽力上可达到388.4kA/m,在剩余磁化强度上可达到553.9mT,显著地提升了永磁铁氧体磁性材料的磁性性能。
本申请人认为,本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料之所以能达到上述优异的磁性性能,是因为本发明提供的永磁铁氧体磁性材料中各组分是特定选择,且各自组分的含量也是经过多次反复试验测试才获得。本发明其余组分选择及含量选择显然也是非显而易见的,绝非本领域技术人员结合现有技术即可轻易想到。同时,结合本发明的实施例可以看到,本发明的制备方法采用五个步骤设计,分批分次加入原料,且加入的百分比有特殊之范围,本工艺是与本发明永磁铁氧体磁性材料组分的特殊配比相适应的,只用采用这种工艺,才能保证反应体系的平稳有序进行,确保最后制备永磁铁氧体磁性材料的优异品质。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,本申请中所涉及的发明范围,并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案,同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下,由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (6)

1.一种永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:
三氧化二铁100份,碳酸锶3-5份,硼酸12-15,三氧化二硼10-13份,氧化镁0.5-1份,高岭土6-10份,三羟甲基丙烷3-6份,氧化钡3-9份,氧化镧1-3份,氧化钕12-15份,环氧树脂2-8份,氧化锌3-6份,石英石8-12份,氧化铜4-6份,三氧化二铝1-2份;
所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一,取上述氧化锶、硼酸及50%的氧化锌进行混合,并在1000-1200℃下加热处理,得混合物A;
步骤二,将上述三氧化二铁、三羟甲基丙烷、氧化钡、氧化镧和氧化钕加入混合物A中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物B;
步骤三,将上述三氧化二硼、氧化镁、高岭土、环氧树脂、氧化锌、石英石、氧化铜和三氧化二铝加入混合物B中,均匀搅拌,并在空气下进行预烧,预烧温度为1200-1300℃,待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎,得混合物C;
步骤四,将混合物B内加入1-2倍的水,并置于球磨机内进行球磨,球磨至浆料粒径为0.8-1.2μm,然后在100-110℃内进行干燥,得混合物D;
步骤五,将混合物D置于马弗炉中煅烧,以14-16度每分钟的升温速率升温至100-110℃,然后自然冷却降温,即得所述永磁铁氧体磁性材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述永磁铁氧体磁性材料包括如下重量份数的组分:
三氧化二铁100份,碳酸锶4份,硼酸14,三氧化二硼12份,氧化镁0.8份,高岭土8份,三羟甲基丙烷5份,氧化钡6份,氧化镧2份,氧化钕13份,环氧树脂5份,氧化锌4份,石英石10份,氧化铜5份,三氧化二铝1.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中加热温度为1100℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二和所述步骤三中所述预烧温度皆为1250℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述浆料粒径为1μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的永磁铁氧体磁性材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述永磁铁氧体磁性材料的磁能积为51.0-53.5kJ/m3,内禀矫顽力为381.3-388.4kA/m,剩余磁化强度为532.6-553.9mT。
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