CN106105858A - A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105858A CN106105858A CN201610451409.4A CN201610451409A CN106105858A CN 106105858 A CN106105858 A CN 106105858A CN 201610451409 A CN201610451409 A CN 201610451409A CN 106105858 A CN106105858 A CN 106105858A
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- volume ratio
- garden waste
- seedling medium
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- thoroughly decomposed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, described garden waste after becoming thoroughly decomposed, with perlite, Vermiculitum, manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed product, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, desulfurated plaster and medical stone powder mixing, obtain described seedling medium；The volume ratio of garden waste is 55 70 parts, perlitic volume ratio is 10 20 parts, the volume ratio of Vermiculitum is 10 20 parts, the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of manure fermentation is 38 parts, the volume ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.25 5 parts, the volume ratio of desulfurated plaster is 0.1 0.3 parts, and the volume ratio of medical stone powder is 0.1 0.2 parts.Present method avoids the limitation that Peat substitution thing uses, decrease the cost preparing seedling medium, provide the N P and K needed for plant growing, organic matter and trace element, reduce the toxic action of heavy metal on plants, and the pH of seedling medium is had cushioning effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban landscaping, appearance of the city environmental protection, municipal administration and agricultural technology field, particularly to a kind of profit
The method preparing seedling medium by garden waste.
Background technology
According to the requirement of nursery, tradition seedling medium is to use the materials such as the northeast peat composed of rotten mosses, Vermiculitum or perlite by the most on year-on-year basis
Example configuration forms, and the peat composed of rotten mosses is as a kind of mineral resources, and its illegal exploitation can destroy ecological environment.At non-wetland area, grass
Charcoal belongs to mineral resources, is protected by " ore resources law ", and in wetland area, the peat composed of rotten mosses does not only belong to mineral resources,
Being the important component part of wetland, the exploitation to the wetland peat composed of rotten mosses is subject to " ore resources law ", " forest law " and " wet land protection simultaneously
Regulations " etc. law, regulation protection.Owing to China's peat composed of rotten mosses is originated essentially from northeast, but because of the reason of weather, the supply of the peat composed of rotten mosses
Amount cannot meet the demand in market at all, and import peat composed of rotten mosses price is because of its freight charges, the use of sterilization process and the interpolation of nutrient, makes
Its high expensive, greatly governs the demand in seedling medium market, and meanwhile, domestic peat composed of rotten mosses production practice is not quite similar, and causes
Peat composed of rotten mosses levels of audit quality is uneven, it is impossible to Quality of Seedlings is effectively ensured.Therefore, if finding the organic substrate money that can substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses
Source, is possible not only to indirectly protect the ecological environment in the peat composed of rotten mosses place of production, it is also possible to controls the production cost of seedling medium and avoids season
The impact that seedling medium is produced by joint factor.
At present, the organic substrate resource of the common replacement peat composed of rotten mosses, mainly there are edible fungus cluster slag, coconut palm bran, pine phosphorus, wood sawdust, core
Peach shell, rice husk etc., then prepare seedling medium with material mixings such as Vermiculitum, perlite, gravel and haydites.But, these materials
Limitation is compared in source, and general requirement, near its place of production or producer, otherwise can increase cost of transportation；Additionally, walnut shell or rice
The hard materials such as shell also cannot directly use, and need to experience the fermentation of long period could use, the fermentation of these hard materials
Journey can produce the material to plant pest, becomes thoroughly decomposed as insufficient, then can affect the growth of root system of plant, produce simultaneously in composting process
Raw leachate also pollutes the environment；Further, conventional in the market seedling medium only comprises the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite and Vermiculitum etc.
Material, can not meet the npk nutrient needed for plant growing, more lack the supply of trace element；Finally, use the peat composed of rotten mosses or
Substitute the organic substrate resource excess of the peat composed of rotten mosses, then can cause seedling medium meta-acid or meta-alkali, and then affect the growth of plant.Market
Upper common seedling medium formula also has mushroom slag, perlite, ratio 2:1:1 of Vermiculitum or coconut palm bran, Vermiculitum, perlitic 2:1:1,
And add other nutrients and be mixed with.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, to solve above-mentioned in prior art lacking
Fall into.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, described garden waste is after becoming thoroughly decomposed, with Margarita
Rock, Vermiculitum, manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed product, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, desulfurated plaster and medical stone powder mixing, obtain described seedling medium；
The volume ratio of described garden waste is 55-70 part, and described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20 part, described
The volume ratio of Vermiculitum be 10-20 part, the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, described potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Volume ratio be 0.25-5 part, the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, and the volume ratio of described medical stone powder is
0.1-0.2 part.
The most preferably, described garden waste is the dry branches and fallen leaves pruned or naturally drop.
Further preferably, the step of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described garden waste be described garden waste after crushed, add
Enter carbamide, and turning often and adding water, until last turning, the temperature recorded is less than 40 DEG C.
The most preferably, the pH=6.85-7.15 of the garden waste described in after becoming thoroughly decomposed, EC=0.45-
0.60mS/cm, organic matter is 31-45%, germination index ＞ 90%.
The most preferably, described perlitic size is 2-4mm.
The most preferably, the size of described Vermiculitum is 3-6mm.
Further preferably, described manure fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed pH=6.85-8.32, the EC=3.55-6.67mS/cm of product,
Organic matter is 37-53%, and total nutrient is that 3.36-5.82%, more preferably cattle manure become thoroughly decomposed product.
The most preferably, the size of described medical stone powder is less than 100 mesh.
The most preferably, pH=6.90-7.55, the EC=0.55-0.65mS/cm of described seedling medium, organic
For 16-30%, total nutrient is 1.5-3%, and unit weight is 0.35-0.45g/cm3, water content≤35%.
The invention also discloses the formula of a kind of a kind of above-mentioned method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, institute
The volume ratio of the garden waste stated is 55-70 part, and described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20 part, the body of described Vermiculitum
Long-pending than being 10-20 part, the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, and the volume ratio of described potassium dihydrogen phosphate is
0.25-5 part, the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, and the volume ratio of described medical stone powder is 0.1-0.2 part.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium of the oneth, present invention, by utilizing garden waste
Prepare seedling medium, it is to avoid the limitation that Peat substitution thing uses, decrease the cost preparing seedling medium；
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium of the 2nd, present invention, utilizes gardens to give up by utilization
Gurry prepares seedling medium, it is to avoid when seedling medium prepared by the hard material such as use walnut shell or rice husk, the shadow that may bring
The problem ringing the leachate effect on environment produced in plant root growth, and composting process；
3rd. a kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium of the present invention, become thoroughly decomposed by adding manure fermentation
Product and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, it is provided that the N P and K needed for plant growing and organic matter, the desulfurated plaster being simultaneously introduced serves
The pH of buffering seedling medium so that it is meta-acid that will not be excessive or meta-alkali, and reduce the poison of the heavy metal on plants such as Mn, Mg, Cd
Evil effect, the medical stone powder that it is possible to additionally incorporate provides the trace element that the water solublity such as Mg, Fe, Mo are good, and heavy metal Hg,
Pb, Cd, As, chloride and pesticide have stronger adsorption, and the pH of seedling medium is had cushioning effect too.
Certainly, the either method implementing the present invention it is not absolutely required to reach all the above advantage simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this
Bright, rather than limit protection scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art are according to changing that the present invention makes in actual applications
Enter and adjust, still falling within protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, comprises the following steps: described garden waste warp
After becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is laid in together with become thoroughly decomposed with perlite, Vermiculitum, manure fermentation product, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, desulfurated plaster and medical stone powder and stirs
Mix place or put into mixing plant, i.e. obtaining described seedling medium after stirring, record the pH=of described seedling medium
6.90-7.55, EC=0.55-0.65mS/cm, organic matter is 16-30%, and total nutrient is 1.5-3%, and unit weight is 0.35-
0.45g/cm3, water content≤35%.
The step of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described garden waste is: described garden waste is size-reduced to after less than 2cm, and compost is rotten
Ripe about 2-3 month, the described garden waste after must becoming thoroughly decomposed, but in real process, in order to shorten the compost maturity cycle,
1-1.5kg/m can be added in described garden waste3Carbamide, and turning every other week and adding water, until during last turning,
The temperature recorded is considered as having become thoroughly decomposed less than 40 DEG C, records the pH=6.85-7.15, EC of the described garden waste after becoming thoroughly decomposed
=0.45-0.60mS/cm, organic matter is 31-45%, germination index ＞ 90%.
The volume ratio of described garden waste is 55-70 part, and described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20 part, described
The volume ratio of Vermiculitum be 10-20 part, the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, described potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Volume ratio be 0.25-5 part, the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, and the volume ratio of described medical stone powder is
0.1-0.2 part.
The invention also discloses the formula of a kind of a kind of above-mentioned method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium, institute
The volume ratio of the garden waste stated is 55-70 part, and described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20 part, the body of described Vermiculitum
Long-pending than being 10-20 part, the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, and the volume ratio of described potassium dihydrogen phosphate is
0.25-5 part, the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, and the volume ratio of described medical stone powder is 0.1-0.2 part.
Described garden waste is the dry branches and fallen leaves pruned in gardens or naturally drop.
Described perlitic size is 2-4mm；The size of described Vermiculitum is 3-6mm, described Margarita
Rock and Vermiculitum have chesson, ventilative, the effect of insulation, and the transport that lightweight, beneficially nursery are potted plant, additionally,
Vermiculitum is due to the strong feature of its water absorbing force, it is also possible to play the effect keeping soil moisture.
Described manure fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed pH=6.85-8.32, the EC=3.55-6.67mS/cm of product, and organic matter is 37-
53%, total nutrient is 3.36-5.82%, described manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed product be mainly seedling medium provide npk nutrient, with
Time provide part organic.But owing to its EC value is higher, when pH value is the highest, reaching more than 8, therefore its addition is being limited to
3-8 part.
Described potassium dihydrogen phosphate can solve described manure fermentation and become thoroughly decomposed the problem that nutrient is not enough in product, promotes that root system is sent out
Reach, make plant stem sturdy, strengthen plant disease-resistant resistance.
Described desulfurated plaster serves the pH of buffering seedling medium so that it is meta-acid that will not be excessive or meta-alkali, and reduces
The toxic action of the heavy metal on plants such as Mn, Mg, Cd, but the addition of described desulfurization stone should be not too much, because of addition
Too much, then EC value can be caused higher, therefore its addition is limited to 0.1-0.3 part.
The size of described medical stone powder is 100 mesh, and it is good that described medical stone powder provides the water solublity such as Mg, Fe, Mo
Trace element, and heavy metal Hg, Pb, Cd, As, chloride and pesticide have stronger adsorption, and to seedling medium
PH there is cushioning effect too.
Embodiment
In order to further illustrate, the technique effect of seedling medium prepared by the present invention, table one is selected two kinds of plants be
Herba Tagetis Patulae (Tagetes patula L.) and Calendula officinalis (Calendula officinalis), and it is planted in system of the present invention respectively
(test group, formula is: garden waste 60 parts, perlite 20 parts, Vermiculitum 15 parts, manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed product 5 for standby seedling medium
Part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 parts, desulfurated plaster 0.1 part, medical stone powder 0.1 part), conventional formulation (peat composed of rotten mosses: Vermiculitum volume ratio is 2:1)
With independent soil (sample plot garden mould).Two kinds of described plants, for testing standby Seedling, are after planting 30 days seedlings, respectively select 30
Strain (the 90 strain altogether) seedling that plant height is identical (other influences factor eliminates the most) is transplanted respectively in three groups of planting matrixs of experiment
In (every kind of plant is 10 strains for the quantity processed), periodically water, deinsectization.After transplanting the 45th, measure plant height, flower
Footpath, measures fresh weight, dry weight, and statistical average single-strain fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and single flower flower footpath respectively after gathering.Concrete system
The experimental data of meter is shown in Table one, and as can be seen from Table I, seedling medium prepared by the present invention is joined except plant height slightly below tradition
Outside side, remaining fresh weight, dry weight and flower footpath are superior to matched group.
Substrate prepared by table 1 present invention compares with conventional formulation, independent soil cultivation growth indexes
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.Preferred embodiment is the most detailed
Describe all of details, be also not intended to the detailed description of the invention that this invention is only described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
Can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is to preferably explain the present invention
Principle and actual application so that skilled artisan can be best understood by and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
Limited by claims and four corner thereof and equivalent.
Claims (10)
1. one kind utilizes the method that garden waste prepares seedling medium, it is characterised in that described garden waste is through becoming thoroughly decomposed
After, with perlite, Vermiculitum, manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed product, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, desulfurated plaster and medical stone powder mixing, obtain described
Seedling medium；
The volume ratio of described garden waste is 55-70 part, and described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20 part, described trematodiasis
The volume ratio of stone is 10-20 part, and the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, the body of described potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Long-pending ratio is 0.25-5 part, and the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, and the volume ratio of described medical stone powder is 0.1-
0.2 part.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Garden waste be to prune or the dry branches and fallen leaves that naturally drops.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
The step of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described garden waste be described garden waste after crushed, add carbamide, and turning often and adding
Water, until last turning, the temperature recorded is less than 40 DEG C.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that through corruption
PH=6.85-7.15, the EC=0.45-0.60mS/cm of the described garden waste after ripe, organic matter is 31-45%, germinates
Index ＞ 90%.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Perlitic size be 2-4mm.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The size of Vermiculitum be 3-6mm.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Manure fermentation become thoroughly decomposed pH=6.85-8.32, the EC=3.55-6.67mS/cm of product, organic matter is 37-53%, and total nutrient is
3.36-5.82%.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The size of medical stone powder be less than 100 mesh.
A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
PH=6.90-7.55, the EC=0.55-0.65mS/cm of seedling medium, organic matter is 16-30%, and total nutrient is 1.5-3%,
Unit weight is 0.35-0.45g/cm3, water content≤35%.
10. one kind according to a kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium described in any one of claim 1-9
Formula, it is characterised in that the volume ratio of described garden waste is 55-70 part, described perlitic volume ratio is 10-20
Part, the volume ratio of described Vermiculitum is 10-20 part, and the become thoroughly decomposed volume ratio of product of described manure fermentation is 3-8 part, described phosphoric acid
The volume ratio of potassium dihydrogen is 0.25-5 part, and the volume ratio of described desulfurated plaster is 0.1-0.3 part, the body of described medical stone powder
Long-pending ratio is 0.1-0.2 part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610451409.4A CN106105858A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium |
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| CN201610451409.4A CN106105858A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900413A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-30 | 东莞植物园 | Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006355A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北垄神肥业股份有限公司 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109169152A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-11 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of plant soil-less culturing matrix matched using garden waste |
| CN110100693A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北格林凯尔精准农业研究院 | A kind of citrus seedling medium and application |
| CN110915605A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Preparation method of universal plant planting nutrient medium |
| CN115530046A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 宁夏百新农业科技发展有限公司 | Functional nutrient slow-release matrix based on garden waste and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900413A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-30 | 东莞植物园 | Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof |
| CN106900413B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-12-17 | 东莞植物园 | cymbidium bracteatum culture medium prepared from garden waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006355A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北垄神肥业股份有限公司 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN110100693A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北格林凯尔精准农业研究院 | A kind of citrus seedling medium and application |
| CN109169152A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-11 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of plant soil-less culturing matrix matched using garden waste |
| CN110915605A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Preparation method of universal plant planting nutrient medium |
| CN115530046A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 宁夏百新农业科技发展有限公司 | Functional nutrient slow-release matrix based on garden waste and preparation method thereof |
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