CN106092636B - Small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device - Google Patents
Small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106092636B CN106092636B CN201610741461.3A CN201610741461A CN106092636B CN 106092636 B CN106092636 B CN 106092636B CN 201610741461 A CN201610741461 A CN 201610741461A CN 106092636 B CN106092636 B CN 106092636B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural seed particle detections field of sensing technologies, and in particular to a kind of piezoelectric type small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device.The sensing device includes into kind of a mouth, conduit, inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel, collision chamber, collides out kind of a mouth, signal processing circuit, power supply unit and package casing.The charge seed kind subflow of mouth of small particle precise seeder flows through present apparatus conduit, hits outflow after inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel and collides out kind of mouth and the digitlization of realizing kind of subflow.Kind subflow hits the amplification, shaping, simple venation impulsive motion (digitlization) that the impact signal that piezoelectricity shrapnel generates realizes signal by signal processing circuit, seeding pulse train corresponding with seeding kind subflow sequence is formed, technical support is provided for the detection of later stage small particle seed (such as rape seed) precise seeder seed-metering performance.Device provided by the invention has excellent economic and practical and accurate reliability, has important application value to the real time monitoring of small particle seed essence amount seed-sowing machine sowing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural seed particle detections field of sensing technologies, and in particular to a kind of small particle kind subflow sequence biography
Induction device.
Background technology
Key link of the seeding operation as agricultural production process, it is necessary to be required to be plant growth according to agricultural seeder technology
Development provides good basis, and precision combined direct seeding machine is the important technology for realizing precision drilling, and wherein precise seeder is made
The critical component that seed-sowing machine is measured for essence, when scarce kind of plants case occurs in operation process in seeder, discharge plate type hole blocks, feed mechanism for seed
Broadcast leakage is will produce when the reasons such as drive failure.Therefore, precision drilling is realized in order to improve seeding operation quality, both at home and abroad
Many scholars installation exercise quality monitoring device all on seeder provides conveniently for discovery and debugging in time.
At present both at home and abroad for the planting quality detection of the big-and-middle grain size seed precise seeders such as potato, corn, wheat
Technical research comparative maturity, significant effect, and for average diameter less than 3mm small particle seed for example rape, clover, millet,
The sensor devices such as sesame lack, it is difficult to which the real-time detection for realizing small particle precise seeder field seed-metering performance seriously affects
The monitoring of small particle precise seeder field seeding process, seeding quality are difficult to ensure.
Mainly there are manual detection mode, Computer Vision Detection mode, fibre optical sensor to kind of a subflow detection mode at present
Detection mode etc..Manual detection mode refers to motor driving feed mechanism for seed rotation, and seed backwardness under mouth of charging seed moves to simulation
The uniform motion that seeder farm work environment advances is coated on the conveyer belt of butter, and artificial detection falls kind on the conveyor belt
Son.Although the method is intuitive for detecting small particle kind subflow comparison, operation is simple, and environmental pollution is larger, artificial detection
Time-consuming and error is big, therefore the detection method is gradually eliminated.
Domestic and international many researchers substitute artificial detection with computer vision technique, this kind of method is under laboratory environment
Bench test it is highly effective, but computer vision system use environment requires stringent, and equipment cost is relatively high, it is difficult to realize
Detection under field sowing situation.
Correlative study person effectively detects the charge seed seed stream of mouth of small particle precise seeder using fibre optical sensor,
But because fibre optical sensor used is expensive, be difficult to integrate, lack the problems such as independent intellectual property right restrict to large extent it is small
The wide popularization and application of grain size seed sensor.
To sum up, in the prior art that Computer Vision Detection mode, fibre optical sensor used by kind of subflow detection are examined
Survey mode all exist it is with high costs, be unsuitable for promote and apply technological deficiency.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices, to solve the above technical problems.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
Small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device, connect with a mouthful pipeline of charging seed for small particle precise seeder, including enters kind
Mouth (1), inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel (5), collision chamber (6), collides out kind of a mouth (7), signal processing circuit (8) and supplies conduit (2)
Electric unit (9).
Enter kind of mouth to dock with a mouthful pipeline of charging seed, enters the internal diameter matched design of the internal diameter of kind of mouth and mouthful pipeline of charging seed；
The upper port of conduit dock with the sealing of kind of mouth is entered, and the lower end of conduit, which is inserted into, collides chamber and lower port is and horizontal plane
In 0 °~70 ° of oblique section；90~200mm of conduit overall length；Inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is fixed on collision intracavitary portion, at signal
Circuit electrical connection is managed, signal processing circuit is electrically connected with power supply unit；Signal processing circuit passes through into kind of a mouth for acquisition, leads
The kind subflow that pipe enters collision chamber hits surge voltage signal caused by inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel, and to impacting voltage signal
The seeding pulse train answered with kind subflow sequence pair is obtained after being handled；The lower end of collision chamber goes out kind of a mouth with collision and docks.
Wherein, the side for colliding chamber is equipped with wedge-shaped fixed block (3) and wedge-shaped fixing groove (4).
Inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is set in wedge-shaped fixed block, and wedge-shaped fixed block is fixed in wedge-shaped fixing groove, inclined-plane
The plane where piezoelectricity shrapnel is collided horizontal by 30 ° tilted down~70 °.
Wherein, conduit includes top and lower part；Upper 60~120mm of minister of conduit, in the taper shunk from top to bottom, cone
Angle is within the scope of 10 °~60 °；The lower part of conduit is a straight tube, long 30~80mm, the oblique section of the lower port of straight tube with it is described tiltedly
Face collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is arranged in parallel.
Wherein, collision chamber is surrounded by upper surface (6.4), left side (6.1), prism (6.2) and right side (6.3)
Cavity body structure；The longitudinal sectional shape for colliding the cavity of chamber is pentagon；Upper surface is connect with conduit, plane where upper surface with
Horizontal plane is parallel, and the left side and the upper surface are in 80 °~100 ° angles, the left side and the prism in 100 °~
160 ° of angles, the right side are in 80 °~hexagonal angle with the upper surface.
Wherein, signal processing circuit include amplifying circuit (200), half-wave rectifying circuit (300), comparison circuit (400) and
Single-shot trigger circuit (500)；Amplifying circuit is built by AD620 chips, and piezoelectricity is collided for hitting inclined-plane to kind of subflow
Surge voltage signal caused by shrapnel is amplified, and the adjustable range of amplification factor is 1~30 times；Half-wave rectifying circuit,
Equipped with diode, copped wave is carried out to the negative voltage from amplifier using the unilateral conduction of diode；Comparison circuit includes
LM393 chips, the first variable resistance, resistance, for adjusting comparison voltage threshold value by adjusting the resistance value of the first variable resistance,
Half-wave rectifying circuit is transmitted through the signal come and is transformed into the regular square wave with certain pulse width, pulse width is with comparison voltage
The change of threshold value and change；Single-shot trigger circuit includes 74HC123E chips, capacitance, the second adjustable resistance, by adjusting the
The resistance value of two variable resistances changes delay time, the adjustable range of delay time between 0.5ms~10ms, and will come from than
It is integrated into seeding pulse train corresponding with kind subflow sequence compared with the regular square-wave signal of circuit.
Wherein, collision piezoelectricity shrapnel in inclined-plane is PVDF piezoelectric membranes.
Wherein, which is additionally provided with package casing (13)；Package casing is sleeved on from top to bottom for protecting internal structure
In internal structure, and multiple anchor points are set in internal structure, by pin for suppressing metal (12) by package casing and internal structure
It achieves a fixed connection, signal processing circuit and power supply unit are completely covered package casing.
Wherein, power supply unit is lithium battery.
Wherein, which further includes LED light (10) and switch (11)；The side on the top of conduit is provided with switch slot
With LED indication light trough, LED light and switch are separately mounted in LED indication light trough and switch slot.
According to specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses following technique effects：
The present invention provides a kind of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices, are collided by being set into kind of a mouth, conduit, inclined-plane
Seed is flowed down using the piezoelectric effect of inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel and is fallen by the structures such as piezoelectricity shrapnel, collision chamber, signal processing circuit
Impact be converted to voltage signal, by signal processing circuit realize signal processing, seeding kind subflow sequence is converted into phase
Corresponding seeding pulse train realizes the detection of small particle kind subflow, breaches the height of fibre optical sensor detection small particle seed
Cost, hardly possible are integrated, lack the problems such as independent intellectual property right, to the kind subflow detection standard for mouth of charging seed from small particle precise seeder
True rate is high, to realize that the monitoring of small particle precise seeder dropping frequency, seed-metering performance provides foundation.Be it is a kind of be suitable for promote
Novel small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device.
Description of the drawings
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the partial cutaway section view of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device internal structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the collision chamber of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, collides out kind of a mouth and cut open
View；
Fig. 3 is the signal processing circuit work flow diagram of the small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the signal processing circuit workflow of the small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device of the embodiment of the present invention is opposite
The oscillogram answered；
Fig. 5 is the overall structure figure for the small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device that embodiment two provides.
Wherein, enter 1 conduit of kind of mouth, 2 wedge-shaped fixed block 3
It collides piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 and collides chamber 6 in 4 inclined-plane of wedge-shaped fixing groove
It collides chamber left side 6.1 and collides 6.2 collision chamber right side 6.3 of chamber prism
Collide out 7 signal processing circuit 8 of kind of mouth in collision chamber upper surface 6.4
9 LED light of power supply unit, 10 switch 11
12 package casing of pin for suppressing metal, 13 raw voltage signals 100
200 half-wave rectifying circuit of amplifying circuit, 300 comparison circuit 400
500 seeding pulse train of single-shot trigger circuit, 600 amplified signal 210
310 comparison signal of half wave rectified signal, 410 monostable trigger signal 510
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
It is shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention one provide small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device include into kind of mouth 1,
Conduit 2, collision chamber 6, collides out kind of mouth 7, signal processing circuit 8 and power supply unit 9 at inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5.
Wherein, enter kind of mouth 1 to dock with mouthful pipeline of charging seed, it is described enter kind of mouth 1 internal diameter and the internal diameter of mouthful pipeline of charging seed
Matched design.Preferably, it is described enter kind of mouth 1 and charge seed mouthful pipeline be interference fit, or pass through fastening bolt realize docking.
The upper port of conduit 2 dock with the sealing of kind of mouth 1 is entered, and the lower end of conduit 2, which is inserted into, collides chamber 6, and lower port is and water
Plane is in 0 °~70 ° of oblique section；2 90~200mm of overall length of conduit.
Inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is fixed on inside collision chamber 6, is electrically connected with signal processing circuit 8, the signal processing
Circuit 8 is electrically connected with power supply unit 9.
Signal processing circuit 8 is touched into kind of mouth 1, conduit 2 into the kind subflow shock inclined-plane for colliding chamber 6 for obtaining to pass through
Surge voltage signal caused by pressure electricity shrapnel 5, and exported after handling impact voltage signal.Collide the lower end of chamber 6
It is docked with kind of mouth 7 is collided out.
Enter kind of mouth 1, conduit 2, collision chamber 6 and collide out the channel that kind of mouth 7 forms an opposing seal, seal degree with
It can prevent subject to the leakage of small particle seed, specific those skilled in the art can determine according to actual seed particle size and seal
Degree.In seeding, kind subflow sequence passes sequentially through mouthful pipeline of charging seed and enters kind of mouth 1 small particle precise seeder, through conduit 2
Into collision chamber 6, flowed out after colliding with inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 by colliding out kind of mouth 7.
Preferably, the side of collision chamber 6 is equipped with wedge-shaped fixed block 3 and wedge-shaped fixing groove 4, and inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is worn
It is sleeved in wedge-shaped fixed block 3, wedge-shaped fixed block 3 is fixed in wedge-shaped fixing groove 4, and inclined-plane collides the plane where piezoelectricity shrapnel 5
Horizontal by 30 ° tilted down~70 ° of angles.
Preferably, conduit 2 includes top and lower part.Upper 60~120mm of minister of the conduit 2, in shrinking from top to bottom
Taper, cone angle is within the scope of 10 °~60 °.The lower part of conduit 2 is a straight tube, long 30~80mm, the bevel of the lower port of straight tube
Face is arranged in parallel with inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5.In practical applications, piezoelectricity bullet is collided in the oblique section Yu inclined-plane of straight tube lower port
The a degree of error of parallel permission of piece 5 exists, such as oblique section can be allowed to collide the folder that piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is formed with inclined-plane
Angle is within ± 5 °.
Preferably, the lower part of conduit 2 is the long straight tube with certain cross sectional shape (round, ellipse or other shapes),
And it is connect with top transition or the top of conduit 2 is integrated with lower part and connect.
Preferably, inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is PVDF piezoelectric membranes, i.e. polyvinylidene fluoride film.
Preferably, power supply unit 9, signal processing circuit 8 are fixedly mounted in the transition plane of 2 outer surface of conduit.Wherein
Power supply unit 9 is preferably lithium battery.
Shown in Figure 2, collision chamber 6 is surrounded by upper surface 6.4, left side 6.1, prism 6.2 and right side 6.3
Cavity body structure.Collision chamber upper surface 6.4 is connect with conduit 2, and lower part is connect with kind of mouth 7 is collided out, and collides piezoelectricity bullet for inclined-plane
Piece 5 provides installation carrier；Its cavity space shape is to collide piezoelectricity with inclined-plane to ensure to flow transcatheter small particle kind subflow
Shrapnel does not generate secondary impact and the shape that is designed to, can be pentagonal section, upper surface 6.4 is smooth horizontal plane, left
Side 6.1 is in 80 °~100 ° angles with upper surface 6.4, and left side 6.1 is in 100 °~160 ° angles, right side 6.3 with prism 6.2
It is in 80 °~hexagonal angle with upper surface 6.4.
Using lithium battery as supplying cell, lithium battery is signal processing after the antihypertensive effect of 7805 three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuits
Circuit 8 provides power supply.
Signal processing circuit 8 includes amplifying circuit 200, half-wave rectifying circuit 300, comparison circuit 400, monostable trigger electricity
Road 500.As a kind of embodiment, signal processing circuit is fixed on conduit 2, can be fixed on the transition plane of conduit 2
On.
Amplifying circuit 200 is built by AD620 chips, to the seed for mouthful pipeline of charging seed from small particle precise seeder
Stream hits the voltage signal that inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 generates and is amplified, and the adjustable range of amplification factor is 1~30 times.
Half-wave rectifying circuit 300 carries out copped wave using the unilateral conduction of diode to the negative voltage from amplifier.
Comparison circuit 400 is built by LM393 chips, the first variable resistance, resistance, by adjusting the first variable resistance
Resistance value reach the adjustable purpose of comparison voltage threshold value, from half-wave rectifying circuit 300 be transmitted through come signal by comparison circuit with
Afterwards, it is transformed to the regular square wave with certain pulse width, pulse width changes with the change of comparison voltage threshold value.
Single-shot trigger circuit 500 includes 74HC123E, capacitance, the second adjustable resistance, by adjusting the second adjustable resistance
Resistance value change delay time, between 0.5ms~10ms, the main feature of the circuit is exactly the adjustable range of delay time
Regular square-wave signal from comparison circuit is integrated into seeding pulse train corresponding with seeding kind subflow sequence.
Shown in Fig. 1, which further includes LED light 10 and switch 11.
The side on the top of conduit 2 is provided with switch slot and 11 points of LED indication light trough, the LED light 10 and switch
Not An Zhuan LED indication light trough and switch slot in.
Embodiment two
Second embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device, structure groups
The basis of part setting repeats no more something in common the present embodiment two with described in embodiment one.
In the embodiment of the present invention two, 2 overall length of conduit is 180mm, it is ensured that seeding kind subflow sequence hits inclined-plane collision pressure
Certain impact force is generated before electric shrapnel 5.
2 top of conduit is the taper pipeline shunk from top to bottom, and cone angle is 20 °, long 100mm；Positioned at 2 the top of conduit
It is 24mm to enter 1 internal diameter of kind of mouth, gradually tapers up effect using conical pipeline, both can guarantee and charged seed into kind of mouth and small particle essence measuring device
Mouth matching, and internal diameter of the pipeline can be tentatively retracted to 10mm, it is final to ensure that the maximization of lower port projected area covers piezoelectricity shrapnel 5
And blocking is not generated in whole process.Middle part is to smoothly transit pipeline, and long 30mm, internal diameter is transitioned into 6mm or so from 10mm；Lower part
To have the pipeline of certain cross sectional shape (round, ellipse or other shapes), long 50mm, internal diameter 6mm or so.Under conduit 2
Port is stretched into a segment length in collision chamber upper surface 6.4 and is fixedly connected with collision chamber upper surface 6.4, and section is beveling
45° angle, it is substantially parallel with inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5, and vertical range about 7mm.
Signal processing circuit 8 and lithium battery are fixed in the transition plane of 2 outer surface of conduit, wherein signal processing circuit 8
It is distributed in the transition plane of 2 both sides of conduit, and is set on the taper positioning column of transition plane.Lithium battery, which is fixed on, leads
In 2 side transition plane of pipe.
LED light 10 and switch 11 are separately mounted to the LED indication light trough and switch of conduit upper taper position side
In slot.
Preferably, 2 tail portion pipeline of conduit be elliptic cross-section, major cross-sectional axis 7mm, short axle 5.5mm,
Projected area on inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 occupies the most surfaces of piezoelectricity shrapnel, ensures precise seeder seeding seed
Stream can collide piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 with inclined-plane and generate shock, the accuracy rate of detection be improved with this, and can guarantee that kind of subflow was falling
Blocking is not generated in journey.
Inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is fixed on collision chamber by the wedge-shaped fixed block 3 being set on inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5
In the wedge-shaped fixing groove 4 of left side 6.1, and it is horizontal by 50 ° obliquely.Wedge-shaped fixed block 3 is used with wedge-shaped fixing groove 5
The mode of interference fit, inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 are bonded with wedge-shaped fixed block 3 with hot melt adhesive, both fixed forms can
It effectively prevent shrapnel to loosen during the work time and influence accuracy of detection.
Collision chamber upper surface 6.4 is passed through by 2 tail portion of conduit, and lower part collides out kind of mouth 7 with circle and is connected, and collides out kind of mouth 7
Internal diameter be 25mm, length 10mm, match with the grain conductor diameter of small particle precise seeder.
From the outflow of kind of mouth 7 is collided out after kind subflow shock piezoelectricity shrapnel 5, cavity space shape is led to ensure to flow through
The small particle kind subflow of pipe 2 does not generate secondary impact and is designed to pentagonal section with inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5, upper surface
6.4 be smooth horizontal plane, is in 90 ° with left side 6.1, and left side 6.1 is in 130 ° with prism 6.2, and 6.1 length of left side
For 22mm, 6.2 length of prism is 24mm, and right side 6.3 is in 100 ° and the long 40mm in right side with upper surface 6.4.
The transition plane for being distributed in 2 outer surface of conduit is divided into the plane for fixing lithium battery and is handled for fixed signal
Plane of the circuit 8 containing taper positioning column.
The capacity of lithium battery is 800mAh.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, amplifying circuit 200 hits inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 to coming from small particle kind subflow
The raw voltage signals 100 of generation are amplified, and peak value is 500mV or so by the differential amplifier circuit 200 being made up of AD620
Voltage signal amplify 10 times at amplified signal 210；Single-shot trigger circuit 300 utilizes the unilateral conduction of 1N4148 diodes
It carries out 210 negative voltage of amplified signal from amplifying circuit 200 to be chopped into half wave rectified signal 310；It is taken by LM393 chips
400 given threshold of voltage comparator circuit made of building is that 1.7V is compared the comparison letter to be formed with certain pulse width square wave
Numbers 410；The single-shot trigger circuit 500 for being 3ms by the delay time that 74HC123E chips form, to coming from voltage comparator circuit
400 regular square wave is integrated, and corresponding with seeding kind subflow sequence kind of subflow pulse train 600 is finally obtained.
Shown in Figure 5, in the embodiment of the present invention two, which further includes package casing 13.Package casing 13 is main
Be in order to protect internal structure and design outermost layer protection structural member, with the positioning solid point of pin for suppressing metal 12 and internal structure
Fixed, signal processing circuit, lithium battery can be completely covered by package casing overall length 170mm.Internal structure refers on spatial position
The structure being set to inside package casing 13.
The experimental data of small particle kind subflow Sequence Detection is carried out using device provided in an embodiment of the present invention：
The sensing device is fixed on holder, by artificial 0.5s/ times speed by miscellaneous No. 4 rapeseed (the main object of China
Managing characteristic is：Average grain diameter 1.5~2.2mm, thousand quality 3.96g, moisture content 7.6%) it is put into tweezers from kind of mouth 1 is entered,
Piezoelectricity shrapnel 5 is hit under the guiding role of conduit 2 and is flowed out from kind of mouth 7 is collided out, and signal processing circuit 8 puts impact signal
Greatly, after shaping, simple venation impulsive motion (digitlization) effect, the number of pulse count using counter and is made with practical rapeseed
Comparison, the test of many times of 1000 rapeseed show：Sensing device induction rape seed number is distributed in 997,998, and
It incudes success rate and is held at 99% or more, high to the Detection accuracy of rapeseed, can be to realize small particle essence amount seeding
The monitoring of device dropping frequency, seed-metering performance provides foundation.
Later stage pass through further study show that, the individual rapeseed not sensed by the sensing device, average diameter
Generally within 0.4mm, because its grain size is too small, the impact signal of generation is weak, even across its peak value of the effect of amplifying circuit
No more than the comparison voltage threshold value of setting, cause finally export seeding pulse signal.As the seed of sowing, generally
Pass through preferably, the too small seed of grain size can be eliminated.
In the range of meeting dropping frequency detection response requirement, the delay time of single-shot trigger circuit 500 is smaller, kind
The response of subflow Sequence Detection is faster, but can equally increase the possibility that single seed is detected as more；Delay time is bigger, seed
It is slower to flow Sequence Detection response, the possibility that single seed is detected as multiple seeding can be eliminated.
Voltage amplification factor and comparison voltage threshold value can be according to the Average Particle Diameters of different cultivars small particle seed, thousand
The grain method of double differences is different etc. to be adjusted determination.In rational adjusting range, amplification factor is smaller, comparison voltage threshold value is higher, sensitive
Degree is lower, it is difficult to ensure the Detection accuracy of seed；Amplification factor is bigger, comparison voltage threshold value is lower, small particle Seed inspection
Sensitivity is higher, but single seed can be caused to be detected as more seeds.Therefore, those skilled in the art should carry according to the present invention
The technical solution of confession is in actual production adaptively adjusted the parameters such as voltage amplification factor, comparison voltage threshold value, but all
Belong to the scope of the present invention.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so description is fairly simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
To sum up, the present invention integrates conduit, collision chamber, collides out kind of a mouth, signal processing circuit etc., compact-sized, if
Count it is new reasonable, suitable for detecting to the charge seed kind subflow of mouth of small particle precise seeder and obtaining corresponding seeding pulse sequence
Row, the big-and-middle grain size seed such as wheat, corn, potato can only be generally detected different from traditional detection mode, meanwhile, dress of the invention
Production, use and the maintenance cost set decline to a great extent relative to Computer Vision Detection and fiber laser arrays, are large-scale promotion
Using creating prerequisite.
And the present invention also breaches the high cost of fibre optical sensor detection small particle seed, difficult integrated, shortage is independently known
The problems such as knowing property right, to the kind subflow Detection accuracy height for mouth of charging seed from small particle precise seeder, to realize small particle essence
The monitoring of seeder dropping frequency, seed-metering performance provides foundation.
In addition, the present invention has stronger adaptability, by adjusting signal amplification factor, comparison voltage threshold value, monostable
The parameters such as Time delay time can be adapted for the small particle seed of the different physical characteristics such as rape, clover, millet, sesame
Sensing.
Principle and implementation of the present invention are described for specific case used herein, and above example is said
The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device, connect with a mouthful pipeline of charging seed for small particle precise seeder, which is characterized in that
Including entering kind of a mouth (1), conduit (2), inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel (5), collision chamber (6), colliding out kind of a mouth (7), signal processing electricity
Road (8) and power supply unit (9)；
It is described enter kind of mouth docked with mouthful pipeline of charging seed, it is described enter kind of mouth internal diameter matched with the internal diameter for charging seed mouthful pipeline
Design；
The conduit includes top and lower part；Upper 60~120mm of minister of the conduit, in the taper shunk from top to bottom, cone
Angle is within the scope of 10 °~60 °；The lower part of the conduit is a straight tube, long 30~80mm, the oblique section of the lower port of straight tube and institute
Inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is stated to be arranged in parallel；
The upper port of the conduit with it is described enter the sealing of kind of mouth dock, the lower end insertion collision chamber of the conduit and lower end
Mouth is the oblique section horizontal by 0 °~70 °；90~200mm of the conduit overall length；
The collision chamber is the cavity surrounded by upper surface (6.4), left side (6.1), prism (6.2) and right side (6.3)
Structure；The longitudinal sectional shape of the cavity of the collision chamber is pentagon；The upper surface is connect with conduit, flat where upper surface
Face is parallel with horizontal plane, and the left side is in 80 °~100 ° angles with the upper surface, and the left side is in the prism
100 °~160 ° angles, the right side are in 80 °~hexagonal angle with the upper surface；
The inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is fixed on the collision intracavitary portion, is electrically connected with the signal processing circuit, the letter
Number processing circuit is electrically connected with said supply unit；
The signal processing circuit, for obtain pass through it is described enter kind of mouth, the conduit enter the kind subflow of the collision chamber and hit
Surge voltage signal caused by the inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is hit, and is obtained after handling the surge voltage signal
The seeding pulse train answered with kind of subflow sequence pair；
It is docked with kind of the mouth that collides out the lower end of the collision chamber.
2. small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side of the collision chamber
Equipped with wedge-shaped fixed block (3) and wedge-shaped fixing groove (4)；
The inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is set in the wedge-shaped fixed block, and it is solid that the wedge-shaped fixed block is fixed on the wedge shape
Determine in slot, the plane where the inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is horizontal by 30 ° tilted down~70 ° of angles.
3. small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal processing circuit
Including amplifying circuit (200), half-wave rectifying circuit (300), comparison circuit (400) and single-shot trigger circuit (500)；
The amplifying circuit is built by AD620 chips, is produced for hitting the inclined-plane collision piezoelectricity shrapnel to kind of subflow
Raw surge voltage signal is amplified, and the adjustable range of amplification factor is 1~30 times；
The half-wave rectifying circuit is equipped with diode, using the unilateral conduction of diode to the negative voltage from amplifier
Carry out copped wave；
The comparison circuit includes LM393 chips, the first variable resistance, resistance, for by adjusting first variable resistance
Resistance value adjust comparison voltage threshold value, the half-wave rectifying circuit, which is transmitted through the signal come, to be transformed into certain pulse width
Regular square wave, pulse width changes with the change of comparison voltage threshold value；
The single-shot trigger circuit includes 74HC123E chips, capacitance, the second adjustable resistance；For by adjusting described second
The resistance value of variable resistance changes delay time, and the adjustable range of delay time will come from described between 0.5ms~10ms
The regular square-wave signal of comparison circuit is integrated into seeding pulse train corresponding with kind subflow sequence.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices, which is characterized in that the inclined-plane
Collision piezoelectricity shrapnel is PVDF piezoelectric membranes.
5. according to claim 1-3 any one of them small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices, which is characterized in that package casing
(13) it is used to protect internal structure；
The package casing is sleeved on from top to bottom in the internal structure, and multiple anchor points are arranged in the internal structure,
The package casing and the internal structure are achieved a fixed connection by pin for suppressing metal (12), the package casing is by the letter
Number processing circuit and power supply unit are completely covered.
6. according to claim 1-3 any one of them small particle kind subflow sequence sensing devices, which is characterized in that the power supply
Unit is lithium battery.
7. small particle kind subflow sequence sensing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include LED light
(10) and (11) are switched；
The side on the top of the conduit is provided with switch slot and LED indication light trough, and the LED light and switch are installed respectively
In the LED indication light trough and the switch slot.
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