CN206005158U - Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system - Google Patents

Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206005158U
CN206005158U CN201620957063.0U CN201620957063U CN206005158U CN 206005158 U CN206005158 U CN 206005158U CN 201620957063 U CN201620957063 U CN 201620957063U CN 206005158 U CN206005158 U CN 206005158U
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China
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amount
broadcast leakage
broadcasting
rape
sowing machine
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CN201620957063.0U
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丁幼春
杨军强
张莉莉
廖庆喜
周雅文
詹鹏
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, test the speed dispensing device and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device including kind of a subflow frequency measurement dispensing device, synchronous disk.Kind of a subflow impact is converted to voltage signal using the piezoelectric sensing element that precise seeder charges seed at mouth is placed in by kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device, through signal amplification, halfwave rectifier, voltage ratio compared with, monostable trigger shaping, dropping frequency is obtained by single-chip microcomputer timer counter and timing sends.Synchronous disk tests the speed dispensing device using Hall element (or photoelectric sensor) sensing, single-chip microcomputer timer counter acquisition discharge plate rotating speed and timing sends.Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device one-to-many wireless receiving discharge plate rotating speed and multichannel dropping frequency, realize that the amount of broadcasting monitoring and broadcast leakage detection are reported to the police and produce broadcast leakage and reseed signal by the amount of broadcasting statistics and broadcast leakage decision-making, technical support is provided for follow-up elimination broadcast leakage, the intelligent level of precision direct sowing machine for rape is improved.

Description

Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system
Technical field
The utility model is related to technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, more particularly to a kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage with The amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system.
Background technology
China is Rape-seed production big country of the world, and Annual planting area and total output occupy first place in the world.Nonetheless, according to state The statistics of statistics bureau 2014 of family, the self-sustaining rate of China's edible oil is less than 40%.Rapeseed cultivation operation is numerous and diverse, efficiency is low, rural area The structure of labour force's multiple unfavorable factor such as change causes that the comprehensive benefit of rapeseed cultivation is low, and production scale is difficult to scale up. Rape-seed production Mechanization Technique becomes the bottleneck of restriction China Rape-seed production with equipment.
Sowing is the primary link of agricultural production, and precision direct sowing machine for rape is to realize that the important Work machine that sows sets Standby, those skilled in the art are blown the principle that plants and have developed a kind of Pneumatic type precise rape seeding device using negative pressure suction kind, malleation, real Showed simple grain precision drilling, solve rapeseed because particle diameter is little, light weight, the characteristic such as broken cause the blocking of discharge plate type hole with The key technology difficulty such as seed is broken.Once can be completed based on the 2BFQ-6 types Combined rape precision direct seeder of the feed mechanism for seed development The operations such as trench digging, stubble-cleaning, rotary tillage, precision drilling, fertilising, earthing, saving of labor's seed and fertilizer saving, it is achieved that effective knot of agricultural machinery and agronomy Close, adapt to paddy rice-rape, corn-rapeseed cultivation pattern mechanization rape live, reduce rapeseed cultivation cost.In recent years, 2BFQ rapes series, 2BYM naked oats dual-purpose series precision combined direct seeding machine are in national 18 provinces, cities and autonomous regions' winter rapes and spring rape Main producing region has carried out Demonstration And Extension.
Pneumatic type precise rape seeding device is in full closeding state in seed-distributing operation process, and seeder driver cannot be real-time Know the seeding situation of feed mechanism for seed, even for lacking kind because of kind of case, plant that blockage, seeding rotating speed be too high, air pressure deviates virtual value, " broken strip is short of seedling " that a line that seeding drive failures etc. are caused or multirow occur, " sparse be short of seedling " broadcast leakage, it is impossible to taken in time Effect measure, has a strong impact on rape precision drilling quality and crop yield.Artificial transplanting is carried out by the later stage in broadcast leakage position to fill the gaps with seedlings Not only increase labor cost, and the growth differences of seedling can also affect crop yield.If can occur broadcast leakage after and Shi Faxian is simultaneously reseeded in time, it will avoid this production loss and human cost.
Planting quality monitoring both at home and abroad for big-and-middle particle diameter seed precise seeders such as potato, corn, wheats at present Technical research comparative maturity, main approaches have photoelectric detection method, capacitance detecting method, High Speed Photography etc..Monochromatic light electro-detection Method and capacitance detecting method are mainly used in big particle diameter Seed inspection object range;Seed profile size of the High Speed Photography to detection It is not strict with, but data processing time is long, high cost, excessively sensitive to the light of operating environment, dust.And for average Diameter less than 3mm small particle seed such as the precise seeder such as rape, clover, millet, sesame performance detecting system study compared with Few.Correlative study person carries out effective detection using Fibre Optical Sensor to rape seeds stream and achieves precise rape seeding device not With the accurate detection of broadcast leakage state, but because Fibre Optical Sensor used expensive, while broadcast leakage detection means is installed on seed-sowing machine On the precise seeder at rear, driver can only rely on the prompting failure judgement of broadcast leakage warning system to be located in the course of the work, The mu amount of broadcasting of precision direct sowing machine for rape can not be known in real time, total amount, sown area is sowed, reseeded the planting qualities such as coefficient ginseng Number.
In sum, of the prior art by the way of Fibre Optical Sensor is monitored to precise rape seeding device seeding There is the technological deficiency of the real-time monitoring that cannot know the broadcast leakage of rape direct seeder multichannel and the amount of broadcasting, and cost intensive, it is impossible to meet Substantive markets demand.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, to solve Above-mentioned technical problem.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides following scheme:
Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, are connected with precision direct sowing machine for rape, including kind of a subflow Frequency measurement dispensing device, synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device;
Subflow frequency measurement dispensing device is planted, including piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment, signal processing circuit and single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module;Piezoelectricity Sensitive shell fragment is used for the kind subflow impact of the mouth whereabouts of charging seed for sensing precision direct sowing machine for rape and obtains voltage signal;Signal transacting electricity Road is used for carrying out processing by voltage signal obtaining and planting the seeding pulse train that subflow sequence pair is answered;Single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module is used for Timer counter simultaneously obtains dropping frequency according to the seeding pulse train, and the dropping frequency for measuring timing is sent to the leakage Decision-making is broadcast with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device;
Synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device include sensor, single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module and with the precision direct sowing machine for rape Feed mechanism for seed be co-axially mounted and synchronous axial system synchronous disk;The sensor is used for, by sensing the synchronous disk, gathering institute State the standard seeding pulse sequence signal of precision direct sowing machine for rape;The single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module is used for the standard seeding arteries and veins Rush sequence signal timer counter and obtain discharge plate rotating speed, and by the discharge plate rotating speed for measuring be sent to the broadcast leakage decision-making with The amount of broadcasting monitoring device;
Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, for receiving the dropping frequency and the discharge plate rotating speed, draw and show Show real-time monitoring result data.
Wherein, planting subflow frequency measurement dispensing device is also included into kind of a mouth (110), conduit (120), collision chamber (190) and collision Go out kind of a mouth (1A0);
Enter kind of mouth to dock with the mouth of charging seed of precision direct sowing machine for rape, the internal diameter for entering kind of mouth is mated with the external diameter of mouthful pipeline of charging seed Design;
The upper port of conduit dock with the sealing of kind of mouth is entered, the lower end insertion of the conduit collision chamber and lower port is and water Oblique section of the plane in 30 °~70 °;90~200mm of the conduit overall length;
Piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is fixed on inside the collision chamber, is electrically connected with signal processing circuit, piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment with Horizontal plane is in 30~70 ° of angles;
Dock with kind of the mouth that collides out the lower end in collision chamber.
Wherein, signal processing circuit includes that signal amplification circuit, half-wave rectifying circuit, voltage comparator circuit and monostable are touched Power Generation Road;
Signal amplification circuit, is carried out for clashing into the surge voltage signal produced by the piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment to kind of subflow Amplify, and the adjustable range of multiplication factor is 1~30 times;
Half-wave rectifying circuit, using the one-way conduction characteristic of diode, for bearing from the signal amplification circuit Copped wave is carried out to voltage;
Voltage comparator circuit, for the signal by adjusting comparison voltage threshold value, being transmitted through coming the half-wave rectifying circuit It is transformed into the regular square wave with certain pulse width;
Single-shot trigger circuit, for by adjusting delay time, the adjustable range of delay time 0.5ms~10ms it Between, and the regular square-wave signal from the voltage comparator circuit is integrated into the seeding pulse sequence corresponding with kind of subflow sequence Row.
Wherein, single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module includes the first single-chip microcomputer and the first wireless launcher;
First single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the single-shot trigger circuit, for obtaining to the seeding pulse train timer counter Arrive dropping frequency;
First wireless launcher is used for for dropping frequency timing being sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
Wherein, sensor includes that Hall element and/or photoelectric sensor, the synchronous disk have been uniformly distributed circumferentially The magnet steel consistent with the precision direct sowing machine for rape feed mechanism for seed type hole number or unthreaded hole, the Hall element is by sensing the magnetic Steel and/or the photoelectric sensor obtain standard seeding pulse sequence signal by sensing the unthreaded hole;
Single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module includes that second singlechip and the second wireless launcher, the second singlechip are used for timing ga(u)ge Number determines the described synchronous disc rotation speed for being equivalent to discharge plate rotating speed;Second wireless launcher is used for sending out the rotating speed for measuring Give the broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
Wherein, broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, draw for carrying out statistics according to dropping frequency and discharge plate rotating speed The amount of broadcasting parameter, and according to default broadcast leakage decision rule and coefficient threshold is reseeded, draw real-time broadcast leakage degree and corresponding leakage Broadcast and reseed signal.
Wherein, broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, including single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular and monitoring, alarming display;
Single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular includes wireless receiver, decision-making and statistical module;
Wireless receiver be used for receive from described kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device dropping frequency seeding pulse train with And the synchronous disk tests the speed the discharge plate rotating speed of dispensing device;
Decision-making and statistical module, always obtain sown area, sowing for carrying out process to dropping frequency and discharge plate rotating speed Amount, the mu amount of broadcasting, reseed coefficient, broadcast leakage degree and broadcast leakage and reseed signal;
Monitoring, alarming display includes that LCD display and LED light, LCD display are used for showing multichannel rape essence amount The real-time monitoring result of seed-sowing machine, LED light are used for different to the different leakages of multichannel precision direct sowing machine for rape by glow color The degree of broadcasting is indicated;Broadcast leakage is reseeded signal and is realized accurately reseeding in order for controlling broadcast leakage re-seeding device.
Wherein, decision-making and statistical module, including broadcast leakage decision package and the amount of broadcasting statistic unit;
The amount of broadcasting statistic unit, for the planting quality parameter to including but is not limited to sown area, sowing total amount, the mu amount of broadcasting Counted and calculated, real-time seeding total amount can be calculated to dropping frequency process;According to the rotating speed and described rape Essence amount seed-sowing machine working width, gearratio, follow an example land wheel radius of turn, slip rate, calculate seed-sowing machine pace, and then right Time integral can obtain sown area, by real-time seeding total amount and sown area, obtain the mu amount of broadcasting;
Broadcast leakage decision package, reseeds signal for realizing reseeding the calculating of coefficient, the judgement of broadcast leakage degree and producing broadcast leakage, According to the magnet steel or light hole count of the rotating speed that measures and synchronous disk, obtain standard dropping frequency, reseed coefficient for 1 deduct currently and The weighted average of the ratio of nearest two groups of dropping frequencies and standard dropping frequency, weight are respectively 0.5,0.25,0.25, pass through Gained is reseeded coefficient and is compared with the coefficient threshold of reseeding for setting, and determines the broadcast leakage order of severity and and then basis reseeds coefficient Provide corresponding broadcast leakage and reseed signal.
Wherein, multiple kinds of subflow frequency measurement dispensing devices are set and synchronous disk tests the speed dispensing device and a broadcast leakage decision-making and broadcasts Amount monitoring device wirelessly connects, and forms many-to-one Radio Network System framework.
Wherein, the side in collision chamber is provided with wedge shape fixing groove (140) and wedge shape fixed block (130);
Piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is set on the wedge shape fixed block, and the wedge shape fixed block is fixed on the wedge shape fixing groove Interior, the plane that the piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is located is horizontal by 30~70 ° obliquely.
According to the specific embodiment that the utility model is provided, the utility model discloses following technique effect:
The utility model provides a kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, and the system includes planting Subflow frequency measurement dispensing device, synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.Plant subflow frequency measurement to send Kind of a subflow impact is converted to voltage signal, Jing Guoxin using the piezoelectric sensing element that precise seeder charges seed at mouth is placed in by device After number process circuit is processed to which, dropping frequency is obtained by single-chip microcomputer timer counter, and timing sends.Synchronous disk is surveyed Fast dispensing device obtains discharge plate rotating speed using sensor sensing, single-chip microcomputer timer counter and timing sends.Broadcast leakage decision-making with broadcast Amount monitoring device many-one wireless receiving discharge plate rotating speed and multichannel dropping frequency, broadcast decision-making by the amount of broadcasting statistics and building and realize broadcasting Plant area, sowing total amount, the mu amount of broadcasting real-time monitoring and broadcast leakage detection to report to the police and produce broadcast leakage and reseed signal, be subsequently elimination broadcast leakage Technical support is provided, improves the intelligent level of rape direct seeder.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment Needed for accompanying drawing to be used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only of the present utility model Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with basis These accompanying drawings obtain other accompanying drawings.
One embodiment of the precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage that Fig. 1 is provided for the utility model and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system Structural framing schematic diagram;
The section of kind subflow frequency measurement dispensing device (without package casing) that Fig. 2 is provided for the utility model embodiment is illustrated Figure;
The overall structure diagram of the kind subflow frequency measurement dispensing device that Fig. 3 is provided for the utility model embodiment;
The kind subflow frequency measurement dispensing device that Fig. 4 is provided for the utility model embodiment and synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device company The module composition schematic diagram for connecing;
The module composition schematic diagram of the broadcast leakage decision-making that Fig. 5 is provided for the utility model embodiment and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device;
Fig. 6 is that precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage of the present utility model is whole with what the many-one of the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system was connected Body structural representation.
Wherein, subflow frequency measurement dispensing device 100 is planted
Synchronous disk tests the speed dispensing device 200
Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device 300
Enter 110 conduit of kind of mouth, 120 wedge shape fixed block 130
140 piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment of wedge shape fixing groove, 150 power module 160
170 single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module of signal processing circuit 180 collides chamber 190
Collide out kind of mouth 1A0 package casing 1B0 pin for suppressing metal 1C0
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is carried out Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole Embodiment.Embodiment in based on the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment for being obtained, belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system.
Understandable for enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model, feature and advantage to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and tool Body embodiment is described in further detail to the utility model.
Embodiment one
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage that the utility model embodiment one is provided is wireless with the amount of broadcasting Monitoring system, tests the speed dispensing device 200 and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting prison including kind of a subflow frequency measurement dispensing device 100, synchronous disk Survey device 300.
Subflow frequency measurement dispensing device 100 is planted, including piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150, signal processing circuit 170 and single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement Module 180.
Piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150, obtains electricity for sensing the kind subflow impact of the mouth whereabouts of charging seed of precision direct sowing machine for rape Pressure signal;Signal processing circuit 170 is used for carrying out processing by voltage signal obtaining and planting the seeding pulse sequence that subflow sequence pair is answered Row.Single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module 180, obtains dropping frequency and by the seeding for measuring for timer counter and according to seeding pulse train Frequency timing is sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device 300.
The synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device 200 include sensor, single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module and with rape essence amount live The feed mechanism for seed of machine be co-axially mounted and synchronous axial system synchronous disk.
Sensor is used for the standard seeding pulse sequence signal for gathering precision direct sowing machine for rape by synchronous disk;Single-chip microcomputer Speed measuring module, is determined the rotating speed of synchronous disk and the rotating speed for measuring is sent to broadcast leakage decision-making for timer counter and monitored with the amount of broadcasting Device 300.
Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device 300, broadcast for carrying out statistics according to dropping frequency and discharge plate rotating speed and drawing Amount parameter, and using default threshold value and broadcast leakage decision rule, show that signal is reseeded in broadcast leakage decision-making and corresponding broadcast leakage.
Preferably, referring to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment, planting subflow frequency measurement dispensing device is included into kind At mouth 110, conduit 120, wedge shape fixed block 130, wedge shape fixing groove 140, piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150, power module 160, signal Circuit 170, single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module 180 is managed, chamber 190 is collided, is collided out kind of a mouth 1A0, package casing 1B0, pin for suppressing metal 1C0.
Enter kind of mouth 110 to dock with the mouth of charging seed of precision direct sowing machine for rape, the internal diameter for entering kind of mouth 110 is outer with mouthful pipeline of charging seed Footpath matched design.The upper port of conduit 120 dock with the sealing of kind of mouth 110 is entered, the insertion of the lower end of conduit 120 collide chamber 190 and under Port is the oblique section horizontal by 30 °~70 °;120 90~200mm of overall length of conduit.Piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 is fixed on and touches Hit inside chamber 190, electrically connect with signal processing circuit 170.Dock with kind of a mouth 1A0 is collided out the lower end in collision chamber 190.
The piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 passes through the endoporus of wedge shape fixed block 130 and bonds together, and with cantilever beam structure Oblique cutting measures seeding for sensing rape essence in the wedge shape fixing groove 140 of angled downward from horizontal certain angle (30~70 °) The charge seed kind subflow impact of mouth whereabouts of device obtains voltage signal, and the kind subflow of collision rift bounces off rapidly piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 simultaneously Flow out from kind of mouth is gone out.
Enter kind of mouth 110, conduit 120, collision chamber 190 and collide out kind of a mouth 1A0 and define a sealing passage.
Preferably, conduit 120 includes top and bottom.Upper 60~the 120mm of minister of conduit, in the cone for shrinking from top to bottom Shape, cone angle are in the range of 10~60 °.The bottom of conduit 120 is a straight tube, long 30~80mm, the oblique section of the lower port of straight tube It is arranged in parallel with piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150.In actual applications, the oblique section of straight tube lower port and piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 Parallel allow a certain degree of error to exist, the angle that can for example allow oblique section to be formed with piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 ± Within 2 °.
Preferably, piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 is PVDF piezoelectric membranes, i.e. polyvinylidene difluoride film.
Wherein, signal processing circuit 170 includes signal amplification circuit, half-wave rectifying circuit, voltage comparator circuit and monostable State triggers circuit.Preferably as a kind of embodiment, signal amplification circuit includes AD620, for clashing into pressure to kind of subflow Surge voltage signal produced by electrically susceptible sense shell fragment is amplified, and the adjustable range of multiplication factor is 1~30 times;Halfwave rectifier Circuit, is provided with diode, utilizes the unilateral conduction of diode to be used for carrying out copped wave to the negative voltage from amplifier;Voltage Comparison circuit includes LM393 chips, the first slide rheostat, for adjusting ratio by the resistance of the first slide rheostat of regulation Compared with voltage threshold, the signal that half-wave rectifying circuit is transmitted through is transformed into the regular square wave with certain pulse width;Monostable Triggers circuit includes 74HC123E, electric capacity, the second slide rheostat;For being changed by the resistance of the second slide rheostat of regulation Become delay time, the adjustable range of delay time between 0.5ms~10ms, and by the regular square wave from voltage comparator circuit Signal integration is the seeding pulse train corresponding with kind of subflow sequence.
That is, signal amplification circuit 170 is used for the rape seed stream surge voltage sensed by piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 Signal is amplified, one-way conduction characteristic of the half-wave rectifying circuit using diode, for removing the negative half period for amplifying signal just In follow-up voltage ratio compared with voltage comparator circuit distinguishes judgement kind subflow impact by setting suitable voltage ratio compared with threshold value Signal and other interference signals, the signal shaping that single-shot trigger circuit is used for exporting voltage comparator circuit is corresponding to seed The seeding pulse train of stream sequence.
Further, voltage amplification factor and voltage ratio can be big according to the average grain diameter of different cultivars rapeseed compared with threshold value Little, mass of 1000 kernel, moisture content difference are adjusted determination.In rational adjusting range, multiplication factor is less, voltage ratio is compared with threshold value Higher, sensitivity is lower, it is difficult to ensure that all of seed is all detected;Multiplication factor is bigger, voltage ratio is lower compared with threshold value, little Particle diameter Seed inspection sensitivity is higher, but also brings along the possibility that single seed is detected as many.
Further, meeting in dropping frequency detection response claimed range, the delay time of single-shot trigger circuit is got over Little, the Sequence Detection response of kind subflow is faster, but can equally increase the possibility that single seed is detected as many;Delay time is got over Greatly, plant the response of subflow Sequence Detection slower, but the possibility that single seed is detected as many can be eliminated.
Single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module 180 includes the first single-chip microcomputer and the first wireless launcher.
First single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with single-shot trigger circuit, obtains seeding frequency to the seeding pulse train timer counter Rate;First wireless launcher is used for for dropping frequency timing being sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
Power module 160 is made up of lithium battery, power switch, power supply indicator, for for signal processing circuit, single-chip microcomputer Frequency Measurement System provides power supply and power switch is indicated.
Package casing 1B0 be used for protection device internal structure and convenient install, pin for suppressing metal 1C0 be used for package casing with The fixation of internal structure.
Preferably, the sensor that synchronous disk tests the speed in dispensing device 200 includes Hall element or photoelectric sensor.With Step disk is axially evenly distributed with the magnet steel consistent with the hole count of precision direct sowing machine for rape or unthreaded hole, hall sensing along disk border Device obtains standard seeding pulse sequence signal by inductive magnetic steel or photoelectric sensor by sensing unthreaded hole.
Single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module includes second singlechip, the second wireless launcher and second source module composition, and second is single Piece machine is used for the rotating speed that timer counter determines synchronous disk;Second wireless launcher is determined for the rotating speed for measuring is sent to broadcast leakage Plan and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
Second singlechip is used for the rotating speed that timer counter determines synchronous disk, due to synchronous disk and precision direct sowing machine for rape Discharge plate synchronous axial system, the therefore rotating speed i.e. discharge plate rotating speed of synchronous disk, the second wireless launcher will be for will measure Discharge plate rotating speed be sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device 300.
Second source module is made up of lithium battery, power switch, power supply indicator, for testing the speed for sensor, single-chip microcomputer Module provides power supply and power switch is indicated.
Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, including single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular, monitoring, alarming display, the 3rd power supply mould Block.
Single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular includes the wireless receiver of one-to-many and decision-making and statistical module, one-to-many wireless receiver Dropping frequency and synchronous disk for receiving respectively from multiple kinds of subflow frequency measurement dispensing devices tests the speed the row of dispensing device Discharge plate rotating speed, decision-making always obtain sown area, sowing with statistical module for carrying out process to dropping frequency and discharge plate rotating speed Amount, the mu amount of broadcasting, reseed coefficient, broadcast leakage degree and broadcast leakage and reseed signal;Monitoring, alarming display includes that LCD display and LED refer to Show that lamp, LCD display utilize glow color in order to show the real-time monitoring result of multichannel precise rape seeding device, LED light Difference is used for indicating multichannel rape feed mechanism for seed difference broadcast leakage degree (without broadcast leakage, slight broadcast leakage, serious broadcast leakage);Broadcast leakage is mended Plant signal and realize accurately reseeding in order for controlling broadcast leakage re-seeding device;Power module is by lithium battery, power switch, power supply indicator Constitute, for providing power supply for Single-chip Microprocessor Monitoring System, monitoring, alarming display.
Wherein, decision-making includes the amount of broadcasting statistic unit and broadcast leakage decision package with statistical module.It is right that the amount of broadcasting statistic unit is realized Sown area, sowing total amount, the statistics of the mu amount of the broadcasting amount of broadcasting parameter and calculating, can be calculated reality by single-chip microcomputer to dropping frequency process When seeding total amount, according to surveyed discharge plate rotating speed, and known essence amount seed-sowing machine working width, gearratio, land wheel of following an example rotation Turn radius, slip rate, seed-sowing machine pace can be calculated, and then sown area can be obtained to time integral, by real-time Seeding total amount and sown area, are not difficult to obtain the mu amount of broadcasting;Broadcast leakage decision-making is realized reseeding the calculating of coefficient, the judgement of broadcast leakage degree simultaneously Signal is reseeded in generation, according to the discharge plate rotating speed for measuring and synchronous disk magnet steel or light hole count, is obtained standard dropping frequency, is reseeded Coefficient is defined as 1 weighted average for deducting current and nearest two groups of dropping frequencies and standard dropping frequency ratio, and weight is distinguished For 0.5,0.25,0.25, coefficient is reseeded by gained and is compared with the coefficient threshold of reseeding for setting, determine the serious journey of broadcast leakage Degree simultaneously and then reseeds signal according to reseeding coefficient and providing corresponding broadcast leakage.
Preferably, shown in Figure 6, multiple kinds of subflow frequency measurement dispensing devices are set and synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device with One broadcast leakage decision-making is connected with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, the precise rape seeding device 1 of multichannel, and 2~N sends dress with multiple kinds of subflow frequency measurements Put 100 to dock one by one, form many-to-one Radio Network System framework.Dropping frequency information is sent to broadcast leakage decision-making and is supervised with the amount of broadcasting After surveying device, in conjunction with discharge plate rotary speed information, so as to realize that the multichannel broadcast leakage of precision direct sowing machine for rape is monitored with the amount of broadcasting.
Preferably, multichannel kind subflow frequency measurement dispensing device, synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting prison Device is surveyed by radio receiving transmitting module, wireless communication networks is set up, so as to realize the wireless penetration signal between each device of whole system Transmission.
Embodiment two
It is excellent with one of the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system that the utility model embodiment two provides precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage Embodiment is selected, the chief component with regard to structure setting is identical with embodiment one, and the present embodiment two is repeated no more.
The utility model embodiment two selects the 2BFQ-6 type Combined rape precision direct seeder (patent No.s: 201010153384.2, patent publication No.:CN101836526A), from Dongfanghong-LX954 tractors be 2BFQ-6 type rapes Precision combined direct seeding machine provides power, and on seed-sowing machine, feed mechanism for seed used is a kind of positive and negative pressure combined type rape seed precision seeder (the patent No.:200620172781.3, patent publication No.:CN201001269), the technology for being provided based on the utility model embodiment Scheme is tested in field.
Discharge plate of the precise rape seeding device from 40 type holes in the present embodiment, by synchronous disk 210 installed in essence amount row The synchronous axial system that realizes on device power transmission shaft with feed mechanism for seed is planted, synchronous disk border is uniformly distributed circumferentially 40 magnet steel, by rape The positive and negative air-pressure of precise seeder is adjusted to optimum state.Seed-sowing machine pace V is set as 3.36km/h (slow two grades), follows an example Land wheel radius of turn R=250mm, gearratio Z=0.667, by seed-sowing machine pace V, gearratio Z, land wheel of following an example rotation half It is 23r/min that footpath R calculates feed mechanism for seed theoretical rotational speed.
According to a large amount of rapeseed Count Tests, the optimal parameter of kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device, signal amplification factor is set It is adjusted to 10, comparison voltage adjusting thresholds are 1.7V, monostable trigger time delay is adjusted to 5ms.The kind subflow of parameter will be adjusted Frequency measurement dispensing device 100 is charged seed below mouth installed in precise seeder by spare interface, and precise rape seeding device is charged seed mouth Seed flows through 120 vertical whereabouts of conduit, and inclined-plane occurs with 50 ° of PVDF piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragments LDT0-028K of angled downward from horizontal Collision, then along flowing out close to PVDF piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment setting angles, without secondary collision from going out kind of mouth 1A0.
Planting subflow, the signal amplification circuit that the voltage signal for producing is constituted via AD620 is collided with piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment 150 Amplify 10 times, the half-wave rectifying circuit being made up of diode 1N4148 filters negative half period voltage signal, the comparison being made up of LM393 Voltage comparator circuit of the voltage threshold for 1.7V, single-shot trigger circuit of the delay time being made up of 74HC123E for 5ms, most With plant subflow sequence corresponding kind subflow pulse train is obtained eventually.Single-chip microcomputer determines dropping frequency by timer counter, and leads to Cross NRF24L01 wireless transmitter modules and surveyed dropping frequency is sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device every 1s timings.
Synchronous disk tests the speed the synchronous disk upper magnetic steel stream of Hall element sensing of dispensing device 200, and passes through single-chip microcomputer Timer counter obtains synchronous disc rotation speed, i.e. discharge plate rotating speed, and passes through NRF24L01 wireless transmitter modules by surveyed discharge plate Rotating speed is sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device every 1s timings.
Broadcast leakage decision-making receives the kind subflow frequency measurement transmission dress for carrying out multichannel with the one-to-many wireless receiver of the amount of broadcasting monitoring device Put 100 dropping frequency and carry out motor synchronizing disk and test the speed the discharge plate rotating speed of dispensing device 200, it is right that decision-making is passed through with statistical module Dropping frequency and discharge plate rotary speed information are analyzed and calculate, and obtain sown area sowing total amount, the mu amount of broadcasting, reseed coefficient etc. Seeding quality parameter, and show on the LCD display of monitoring, alarming display, concurrently set reseeds coefficient threshold and reseeds Coefficient is compared, and judges the broadcast leakage order of severity, and the different colours sent by the LED light of monitoring, alarming display are entered Row is indicated.
If there occurs broadcast leakage, broadcast leakage decision-making module is reseeded signal control rapeseed helix tube type stepping according to broadcast leakage and reseeds device Reseeded, helix tube type re-seeding device concrete structure, each part connected mode, operation principle refer to rapeseed helix tube type stepping reseeds System (the patent No.:201410683072.0, patent publication No.:CN104396393A).
The present embodiment table of field test results is bright:Precision direct sowing machine for rape seeding wireless monitor system energy of the present utility model Enough real-time and accurately monitor and show the mu amount of broadcasting, sowing total amount, dropping frequency, reseed the seeding qualities such as coefficient, broadcast leakage degree ginseng Number, accuracy rate can reach more than 95%, and the broadcast leakage for occurring can accurately be indicated and provide broadcast leakage to reseed signal.
To sum up, the utility model is provided precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, compared with prior art In the optical fiber sensing monitoring mode commonly used, seeding quality supplemental characteristic can be obtained in real time, be at-once monitor sowing and reseed and carry Important evidence has been supplied, while equipment cost is greatly reduced compared to optical fiber solutions, with small power consumption, easy for installation, extensibility Strong the features such as, corresponding installation can be carried out according to essence amount seed-sowing machine feed mechanism for seed quantity, with boundless application prospect.
Through practice have shown that, the system rejection to disturbance is strong, and field adverse circumstances (stir up a cloud of dust, severe jolt) are higher to which Detection accuracy is almost without impact.
The side of being wirelessly transferred of system kind subflow dropping frequency of the present utility model and discharge plate rotary speed data using 2.4GHz Formula, the wireless transmission method can realize data remote, accurately and rapidly transmit, and compare wire transmission, with peace It is convenient to fill, without the need for wiring, the features such as reliability is high.
Additionally, the system that the utility model is provided also has stronger adaptability, by from different piezoelectrics or Adjustment signal amplification factor, comparison voltage threshold value, the parameter of the setting such as monostable trigger delay time, go for rape, Clover, millet, sesame etc. difference physical characteristic small particle seed multichannel broadcast leakage real-time detection and reseed automatically, effectively improve essence The seeding quality of amount seeder and efficiency, realize the live mechanization of essence amount and intelligent development.
Specific case used herein is set forth to principle of the present utility model and embodiment, above example Explanation be only intended to help and understand method of the present utility model and its core concept;General technology simultaneously for this area Personnel, according to thought of the present utility model, will change in specific embodiments and applications.In sum, This specification content is should not be construed as to restriction of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, are connected with precision direct sowing machine for rape, it is characterised in that bag Include kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device (100), synchronous disk to test the speed dispensing device (200) and broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device (300);
Described kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device includes piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment (150), signal processing circuit (170) and single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement Module (180);The piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is connected with the input of the signal processing circuit, the single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module with The output end connection of the signal processing circuit;The piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is used for sensing charging seed for the precision direct sowing machine for rape The kind subflow impact that mouth falls obtains voltage signal;The signal processing circuit is used for for the voltage signal carrying out process acquisition The seeding pulse train that answers with kind of subflow sequence pair;The single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module, for seeding pulse train timing Count to get dropping frequency and timing is sent to the broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device;
The synchronous disk test the speed dispensing device include sensor, single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module and with the precision direct sowing machine for rape arrange Kind of device be co-axially mounted and synchronous axial system synchronous disk;The sensor is used for gathering the oil by sensing the synchronous disk The standard seeding pulse sequence signal of dish essence amount seed-sowing machine;The single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module, for the standard seeding pulse Sequence signal timer counter obtains discharge plate rotating speed, and the discharge plate rotating speed for measuring is sent to the broadcast leakage decision-making and is broadcast Amount monitoring device;
The broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, for receiving the dropping frequency and the discharge plate rotating speed, draw and show Show real-time monitoring result data.
2. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 1 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described Planting subflow frequency measurement dispensing device also includes into kind of a mouth (110), conduit (120), collision chamber (190) and collides out kind of a mouth (1A0);
Described enter kind of mouth dock with the mouth of charging seed of the precision direct sowing machine for rape, described enter kind of mouth internal diameter and the mouth pipe of charging seed The external diameter matched design in road;
The upper port of the conduit with described enter the sealing of kind of mouth dock, the lower end insertion of the conduit collision chamber and lower end Mouthful it is the oblique section horizontal by 30~70 °;90~200mm of the conduit overall length;
The piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is fixed on inside the collision chamber, is electrically connected with the signal processing circuit, and the piezoelectricity is quick Sense shell fragment is horizontal by 30~70 ° of angles;
Dock with kind of the mouth that collides out the lower end in the collision chamber.
3. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 2 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described Signal processing circuit includes signal amplification circuit, half-wave rectifying circuit, voltage comparator circuit and single-shot trigger circuit;
The signal amplification circuit, is carried out for clashing into the surge voltage signal produced by the piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment to kind of subflow Amplify, and the adjustable range of multiplication factor is 1~30 times;
The half-wave rectifying circuit, using the one-way conduction characteristic of diode, for the negative sense electricity from the amplifying circuit Pressure carries out copped wave;
The voltage comparator circuit, for by setting suitable comparison voltage threshold value, distinguish kind of subflow impact signal and its The signal that the half-wave rectifying circuit is transmitted through is transformed into the regular square wave with certain pulse width by its interference signal;
The single-shot trigger circuit, for by adjusting delay time, the adjustable range of delay time 0.5ms~10ms it Between, the regular square-wave signal from the voltage comparator circuit is integrated into the seeding pulse sequence corresponding with kind of subflow sequence Row.
4. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 3 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described Single-chip microcomputer frequency measurement module includes the first single-chip microcomputer and the first wireless launcher;
First single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the single-shot trigger circuit, for obtaining to the seeding pulse train timer counter Arrive dropping frequency;
First wireless launcher is used for for dropping frequency timing being sent to broadcast leakage decision-making with the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
5. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 1 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that institute Stating sensor includes that Hall element and/or photoelectric sensor, the synchronous disk have been uniformly distributed circumferentially and the rape The consistent magnet steel of feed mechanism for seed type hole number or unthreaded hole of essence amount seed-sowing machine, the Hall element by sense the magnet steel and/or The photoelectric sensor obtains standard seeding pulse sequence signal by sensing the unthreaded hole;
The single-chip microcomputer speed measuring module includes that second singlechip and the second wireless launcher, the second singlechip are used for timing ga(u)ge Number determines the rotating speed of the described synchronous disk for being equivalent to discharge plate rotating speed;Second wireless launcher is used for the seeding that will be measured Disk rotating speed is sent to the broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device.
6. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 1 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described For carrying out statistics according to the dropping frequency and the discharge plate rotating speed, broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, show that the amount of broadcasting is joined Number, and according to default broadcast leakage decision rule and coefficient threshold is reseeded, show that real-time broadcast leakage degree and corresponding broadcast leakage are reseeded Signal.
7. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 6 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described Broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting monitoring device, including single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular and monitoring, alarming display;
The single-chip microcomputer monitoring modular includes wireless receiver, decision-making and statistical module;The wireless receiver comes for receiving Turn from the dropping frequency of described kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing device and from the test the speed discharge plate of dispensing device of the synchronous disk Speed;
The decision-making and statistical module be used for carrying out the dropping frequency and the discharge plate rotating speed process obtain sown area, Sowing total amount, the mu amount of broadcasting, reseed coefficient, broadcast leakage degree and broadcast leakage and reseed signal;
The monitoring, alarming display includes that LCD display and LED light, the LCD display are used for showing rape essence amount The multichannel of the seed-sowing machine amount of broadcasting monitoring result in real time, the LED light be used for by glow color different rape essence is measured live Machine difference broadcast leakage degree is indicated;The broadcast leakage is reseeded signal and is reseeded for follow-up broadcast leakage.
8. precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to claim 7 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, it is characterised in that described Decision-making and statistical module, including broadcast leakage decision package and the amount of broadcasting statistic unit;
The amount of the broadcasting statistic unit, for the seeding quality parameter to including but is not limited to sown area, sowing total amount, the mu amount of broadcasting Counted and calculated, real-time seeding total amount can be calculated to dropping frequency process;According to the discharge plate rotating speed and described Precision direct sowing machine for rape working width, gearratio, follow an example land wheel radius of turn, slip rate, calculate seed-sowing machine pace, And then sown area can be obtained to time integral, by sowing total amount and sown area in real time, obtain the mu amount of broadcasting;
Broadcast leakage decision package, reseeds signal for realizing reseeding the calculating of coefficient, the judgement of broadcast leakage degree and producing broadcast leakage, according to The discharge plate rotating speed for measuring and magnet steel or the light hole count of synchronous disk, obtain standard dropping frequency, reseed coefficient and deduct currently for 1 And the weighted average of nearest two groups of dropping frequencies and standard dropping frequency ratio, weight is respectively 0.5,0.25,0.25, passes through Gained is reseeded coefficient and is compared with the coefficient threshold of reseeding for setting, and determines the broadcast leakage order of severity and and then basis reseeds coefficient Provide corresponding broadcast leakage and reseed signal.
9. the precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to any one of claim 1-8 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, its feature It is, multiple described kind of subflow frequency measurement dispensing devices is set and synchronous disk tests the speed dispensing device and a broadcast leakage decision-making and the amount of broadcasting prison Survey device wirelessly to connect, form many-to-one Radio Network System framework.
10. the precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage according to any one of claim 2-4 and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system, its feature It is, the side in the collision chamber is provided with wedge shape fixing groove (140) and wedge shape fixed block (130);
The piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is set on the wedge shape fixed block, and the wedge shape fixed block oblique cutting is solid installed in the wedge shape Determine in groove, the plane that the piezoelectric sensitivity shell fragment is located is horizontal by 30~70 ° obliquely.
CN201620957063.0U 2016-08-26 2016-08-26 Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system Expired - Fee Related CN206005158U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106165580A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-11-30 华中农业大学 Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system
CN109121600A (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-01-04 南京信息工程大学 A kind of the broadcast leakage detection system and method for pneumatic seeder
CN116649055A (en) * 2023-07-28 2023-08-29 长春理工大学 Multi-row infrared seed falling detection system suitable for no-tillage planter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106165580A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-11-30 华中农业大学 Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system
CN106165580B (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-10-23 华中农业大学 Precision direct sowing machine for rape broadcast leakage and the amount of broadcasting wireless monitor system
CN109121600A (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-01-04 南京信息工程大学 A kind of the broadcast leakage detection system and method for pneumatic seeder
CN116649055A (en) * 2023-07-28 2023-08-29 长春理工大学 Multi-row infrared seed falling detection system suitable for no-tillage planter
CN116649055B (en) * 2023-07-28 2023-10-17 长春理工大学 Multi-row infrared seed falling detection system suitable for no-tillage planter

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